EP0044023A1 - Container for transporting and/or storing radioactive materials - Google Patents

Container for transporting and/or storing radioactive materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0044023A1
EP0044023A1 EP81105279A EP81105279A EP0044023A1 EP 0044023 A1 EP0044023 A1 EP 0044023A1 EP 81105279 A EP81105279 A EP 81105279A EP 81105279 A EP81105279 A EP 81105279A EP 0044023 A1 EP0044023 A1 EP 0044023A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container body
transport
shielding
cooling fins
storage container
Prior art date
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Granted
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EP81105279A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0044023B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Botzem
Rainer Dipl.-Ing. Laug
Hartmut Dipl.-Phys. Kroll
Elmar Dipl.-Ing. Schlich
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Anspach
Karl Brendel
Peter Srostlik
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Transnuklear GmbH
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Transnuklear GmbH
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Publication of EP0044023A1 publication Critical patent/EP0044023A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
    • G21F5/10—Heat-removal systems, e.g. using circulating fluid or cooling fins
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
    • G21F5/12—Closures for containers; Sealing arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transport and / or storage container for radioactive materials, in particular for irradiated fuel elements from nuclear reactors, consisting essentially of a container body with a shielding function for gamma radiation with cooling fins on the surface, a corrosion-resistant inner lining, a shielding and an outer cover , a neutron shield and supply lines.
  • Containers that are used for the transport and / or storage of spent fuel elements must securely contain the radioactivity of the goods brought in and demonstrate in rigorous tests that this is guaranteed even in extreme accident situations. At the same time, they must also shield the ⁇ and n radiation released in the radioactive decay reactions and safely dissipate the heat of decay to the outside.
  • Known containers as described, for example, in DE-OS 22 28 026, therefore consist of thick-walled metallic container bodies provided with cooling fins, which ensure the necessary strength and the gamma-ray shielding, one Shielding and an outer cover, a neutron shield, as well as an inner lining, which ensures corrosion protection and decontamination.
  • the inner linings are preferably designed as removable inner containers, primarily for handling, testing and storage reasons.
  • the inner lining is either fixed to the container body by holding-down devices or fastened in the lid area by screws, both solutions that are complex. So z. B. when fastening with screws two rows of threaded holes necessary, one holding the inner lining and the other connecting the lid and container body. In addition to this complex handling, it is also disadvantageous that the threaded holes for the cover screws break through the inner lining and the container body is thus exposed to the corrosion attack. The space required for this screw system is also disadvantageously large.
  • the object was achieved in that the inner lining is fastened to the external thread of threaded inserts in the container body via a flange, the threaded inserts having axial bores with an internal thread into which screws for fastening the shielding cover are screwed, in the outer cover there are test connections for testing the Gap between the two enclosures, which are formed by the inner lining and shielding cover on the one hand and the container body and outer cover on the other hand, and webs are attached to the surface of the container body transverse to the direction of extension of the cooling fins.
  • Figure I shows a section through a container according to the invention
  • Figure II the connection of the container body / inner lining / shielding cover
  • Figures III to V the arrangement of the webs
  • Figures VI and VII supply line details
  • the transport and storage container consists essentially of a container body (1) with cooling fins (5), a corrosion-resistant inner lining (4), a shield (2) provided with sealing elements (15) - and an outer cover (also equipped with seals (14)) 3), a neutron shield (8), supply lines (11) and trunnion (7).
  • the inner lining (4) lies against the container body (1), the inner lining flange (19) being provided with bores through which threaded inserts (21) with an external thread (22) are screwed to the container body (1).
  • the shielding cover (2) is held with screws (20), which are seated in axial bores with an internal thread (23) inside the thread inserts (21).
  • an external thread (22) of M 48 is sufficient for the threaded inserts (21) to ensure the required power transmission. This ensures that when the cover screws (20) are removed, the threaded inserts (21) remain firmly in place without unscrewing.
  • the head (25) of the threaded insert (21) is designed accordingly for easy handling.
  • a seal (24) on the threaded insert (21) prevents water from entering during underwater loading.
  • the axial bores of the threaded inserts (21) can be closed or covered with the container open.
  • test connections (9) in the outer cover (3) which are protected by covers (28).
  • test connections (9) it is possible to monitor the intermediate space (16) between the two enclosures or barriers, which through the inner lining (4) and the shielding cover (2) on the one hand and the container body (1) and the outer cover ( 3) on the other hand.
  • a leak detector that is connected to a test connection (9) without being exposed to a radiation hazard.
  • measuring devices it is also possible to connect measuring devices to a test connection (9) for locating the activity which may have occurred in the intermediate space (16).
  • the equipped in this way storage container is, for. B. for long-term interim storage of radioactive material that is to be reprocessed later, ideally suited.
  • the container according to the invention has webs (6) on the surface which are attached transversely to the direction of extension of the cooling fins (5).
  • the cooling fins (5) extend axially, the webs (6) run all around, with all around running cooling fins, however, axially.
  • the joint casting of the cooling fins (5) and webs (6) onto the container body (1) has proven to be particularly favorable.
  • the transverse webs (6) have the result that the unavoidable breakage of the cooling fins (5) does not take place on the fin base (27) on impact, where there is a risk of crack expansion in the container body (1), but at a certain distance from the fin base.
  • the safe distance of the crack from the container body (1) is guaranteed by the choice.
  • corresponding web heights and corresponding web spacing As theoretical calculations and experiments have shown, it is particularly advantageous to dimension the webs such that the web height is a maximum of 2/3 of the height of the cooling fins (5) and the web spacing is a maximum of 10 times the web height.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment consists in providing notches (18) in the cooling fins (5) in the region of the webs (6), which ensure the targeted crack formation without penetrating into the container body (1) even more reliably by the crack formation on the through the webs (6) predetermined distance from each other is limited.
  • the maximum depth of the notches (18) is reached at the upper limit (26) of the webs (6). Shallow depths the notches (18) are also very effective depending on the design and material.
  • the notches can be molded on or, if necessary, worked in later.
  • a cast container for irradiated fuel assemblies from pressurized water reactors with cast-on circumferential webs, spacing from one another about 440 mm, web height about 70 mm, cooling fins, which are arranged in the axial direction on the container body surface.
  • the cooling fins have a height of approx. 240 mm.
  • In the area of the transverse webs there are notches in the cooling fins with a notch depth of approx. 95 mm.
  • the supply line (11) to the lowest point of the container body (1) is arranged in the container interior and with an operating connection (10) in the shielding cover (2) via a connecting element (12), for. B. is connected via a flange (30). It is particularly advantageous if the supply line (11) is coupled to the operating connection (10) via a cone (31) and pressed on via a spring element (13).
  • the neutron shielding material (8) is located between the cooling fins, in particular in the space formed by the webs (6) and lower parts of the cooling fins (5). It is particularly advantageous if the neutron shielding (8) consists of molded bodies (33) attached between the cooling fins (5), molded bodies (33) composed of several individual parts (34) having proven particularly useful. As a result, the neutron shield can be designed variably, is easy to install and is easy to test and maintain.
  • the shaped bodies (33), in some cases axially assembled, can have different shapes, gradations and sizes; they should only be able to be joined together so tightly that the shielding effect is sufficient even against stray neutrons.
  • the molded bodies (33) are secured by lugs (32) which are located on the cooling fins (5), and possibly also by covers held by these lugs (32).
  • the individual parts (34) consist of a central part (35) which is conical or parabolic in cross-section and two identical side parts (36).
  • the side parts (36) are first positioned and then the cone-shaped and optionally also a slightly spherical middle part (35) is introduced, the side parts being pressed against the container body (1), the cooling fins (5) and under the lugs (32).
  • a conventional cover it is particularly advantageous to secure the shaped parts (33, 34, 35, 36) by means of a resilient sheet (17) with a fold (29) and to maintain the contact pressure, the fold (29) additionally is also effective as an additional mini cooling fin for its handling and clamping function.
  • the container according to the invention is preferably made of cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron has proven to be particularly favorable.

Abstract

1. Transportation and/or storage containers for radioactive substances, in particular for irradiated fuel elements from nuclear reactors, comprising a container body (1) with shielding function for gamma radiation with cooling fins (5) on the surface, a corrosion resistant internal lining (4) which rests on the container body (1) and is fixed in the container body (1) by means of a flange (19), a shielding cover (2) fixed in the container body (1) by screws and an outer cover (3), a neutron shield (2), supply lines (11), testing connections (9) and webs (6) between the cooling fins (5), characterized in that the internal lining (4) is fixed in the container body (1) by the outer thread (22) of screw-threaded inserts (21) via a seal (24) and in that the screw-threaded inserts (21) have axial passages with an internal screw thread (23) into which the screw (20) are screwed for fixing the shielding cover (2).

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter für radioaktive Stoffe, insbesondere für bestrahlte Brennelemente aus Kernreaktoren, im wesentlichen bestehend aus einem Behälterkörper mit Abschirmfunktion für Gamma- Strahlung mit Kühlrippen auf der Oberfläche, einer korrosionsbeständigen Innenauskleidung, einem Abschirm- und einem Außendeckel, einer Neutronenabschirmung und Versorgungsleitungen.The invention relates to a transport and / or storage container for radioactive materials, in particular for irradiated fuel elements from nuclear reactors, consisting essentially of a container body with a shielding function for gamma radiation with cooling fins on the surface, a corrosion-resistant inner lining, a shielding and an outer cover , a neutron shield and supply lines.

Behälter, die zum Transport und/oder zur Lagerung abgebrannter Brennelemente eingesetzt werden, müssen die Radioaktivität des eingebrachten Gutes sicher einschließen und in strengen Tests nachweisen, daß dies auch bei extremen Unfallsituationen gewährleistet ist. Gleichzeitig müssen sie aber auch die bei den radioaktiven Zerfallsreaktionen frei werdende γ- und n-Strahlung abschirmen und die Zerfallswärme sicher nach außen ableiten.Containers that are used for the transport and / or storage of spent fuel elements must securely contain the radioactivity of the goods brought in and demonstrate in rigorous tests that this is guaranteed even in extreme accident situations. At the same time, they must also shield the γ and n radiation released in the radioactive decay reactions and safely dissipate the heat of decay to the outside.

Bekannte Behälter, wie u.a. in der DE-OS 22 28 026 beschrieben, bestehen daher aus dickwandigen, mit Kühlrippen versehenen metallischen Behälterkörpern, die die notwendige Festigkeit und die Gammastrahlen-Abschirmung gewährleisten, einem Abschirm- und einem Außendeckel, einer Neutronenabschirmung, sowie aus einer Innenauskleidung, welche Korrosionsschutz und Dekontaminierbarkeit sicherstellt. Vor allem aus Handhabungs-, Prüf- und Lagergründen werden die Innenauskleidungen bevorzugt als herausnehmbare Innenbehälter.ausgebildet.Known containers, as described, for example, in DE-OS 22 28 026, therefore consist of thick-walled metallic container bodies provided with cooling fins, which ensure the necessary strength and the gamma-ray shielding, one Shielding and an outer cover, a neutron shield, as well as an inner lining, which ensures corrosion protection and decontamination. The inner linings are preferably designed as removable inner containers, primarily for handling, testing and storage reasons.

Diese Behälter weisen eine Reihe von Nachteilen auf. So ist die Innenauskleidung entweder durch Niederhalter am Behälterkörper fixiert oder aber im Deckelbereich durch Schrauben befestigt, beides Lösungen, die aufwendig sind. So sind z. B. bei der Befestigung mit Schrauben zwei Reihen von Gewindelöchern notwendig, wobei die eine die Innenauskleidung festhält und die andere die Verbindung von Deckel und Behälterkörper herstellt. Nachteilig ist neben dieser aufwendigen Handhabung weiterhin, daß durch die Gewindelöcher für die Deckelschrauben die Innenauskleidung durchbrochen und somit der Behälterkörper dem Korrosionsangriff ausgesetzt wird. Auch ist der Platzbedarf bei diesem Schraubensystem unvorteilhaft groß.These containers have a number of disadvantages. The inner lining is either fixed to the container body by holding-down devices or fastened in the lid area by screws, both solutions that are complex. So z. B. when fastening with screws two rows of threaded holes necessary, one holding the inner lining and the other connecting the lid and container body. In addition to this complex handling, it is also disadvantageous that the threaded holes for the cover screws break through the inner lining and the container body is thus exposed to the corrosion attack. The space required for this screw system is also disadvantageously large.

Ein weiterer Nachteil bekannter Behälter ist, daß der zwischen dem Behälterkörper und der Innenauskleidung befindliche Spalt nicht kontrolliert ist, was die Verwendung solcher Behälter auch als Lagerbehälter wegen der fehlenden oder nur unvollkommenen Integritätsprüfungen während der oft viele Jahre dauernden Lagerzeit einschränkt.Another disadvantage of known containers is that the gap between the container body and the inner lining is not controlled, which is why the use of such containers also as storage containers the lack of or only imperfect integrity checks during the often long storage period.

Bei bisher bekannten Behältern mit angeschweißten oder angegossenen Kühlrippen besteht bei einem Unfall, z. B. bei einem Behälterabsturz weiterhin die Gefahr, daß durch das Abbrechen von Kühlrippen eine Rißfortpflanzung in den die dichte Umschließung des radioaktiven Stoffes darstellende'Behälterkörper hinein erfolgt.In previously known containers with welded or cast-on cooling fins in an accident, for. B. in the event of a container crash, there is still the risk that crack propagation will cause crack propagation into the container body which represents the tight enclosure of the radioactive substance.

Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter für radioaktive Stoffe, insbesondere für bestrahlte Brennelemente aus Kernreaktoren, im wesentlichen bestehend aus einem Behälterkörper mit Abschirmfunktion für Gamma-Strahlung mit Kühlrippen auf der Oberfläche, einer korrosionsbeständigen Innenauskleidung, einem Abschirm- und einem Außendeckel, einer Neutronenabschirmung und Versorgungsleitungen zu schaffen, bei dem der Korrosionsangriff auf den Behälterkörper im Bereich der Befestigung der Innenauskleidung bei reduziertem Platzbedarf und vereinfachter Handhabung minimiert ist, Integritätsprüfungen einwandfrei möglich sind und beim Abbrechen von Kühlrippen eine Rißfortpflanzung in den Behälterkörper vermieden wird.It was therefore an object of the present invention to provide a transport and / or storage container for radioactive materials, in particular for irradiated fuel elements from nuclear reactors, essentially consisting of a container body with a shielding function for gamma radiation with cooling fins on the surface, a corrosion-resistant inner lining, a shield - And to create an outer lid, a neutron shield and supply lines, in which the corrosion attack on the container body in the area of the fastening of the inner lining is minimized with reduced space requirements and simplified handling, integrity checks are perfectly possible and crack propagation in the container body is avoided when breaking off the cooling fins .

Die Aufgabe wurde erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Innenauskleidung über einen Flansch mit dem Außengewinde von Gewindeeinsätzen im Behälterkörper befestigt ist, wobei die Gewindeeinsätze axiale Bohrungen mit einem Innengewinde aufweisen, in die Schrauben zur Befestigung des Abschirmdeckels eingeschraubt sind, im Außendeckel sich Prüfanschlüsse zur Prüfung des Zwischenraumes zwischen den beiden Umschließungen, die durch Innenauskleidung und Abschirmdeckels einerseits und Behälterkörper und Außendeckel andererseits gebildet werden, und auf der Oberfläche des Behälterkörpers quer zur Erstreckungsrichtung der Kühlrippen Stege angebracht sind.The object was achieved in that the inner lining is fastened to the external thread of threaded inserts in the container body via a flange, the threaded inserts having axial bores with an internal thread into which screws for fastening the shielding cover are screwed, in the outer cover there are test connections for testing the Gap between the two enclosures, which are formed by the inner lining and shielding cover on the one hand and the container body and outer cover on the other hand, and webs are attached to the surface of the container body transverse to the direction of extension of the cooling fins.

Anhand der Abbildungen I bis X wird der erfindungsgemäße Behälter schematisch und in beispielhafter Ausführung näher erläutert. Abbildung I stellt einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Behälter dar, Abbildung II die Verbindung Behälterkörper/Innenauskleidung/Abschirmdeckel, Abbildungen III bis V die Anordnung der Stege, Abbildungen VI und VII Versorgungsleitungsdetails und die Abbildungen VIII bis X Ausgestaltungen der Neutronenabschirmung.The container according to the invention is explained in more detail schematically and in an exemplary embodiment with the aid of FIGS. Figure I shows a section through a container according to the invention, Figure II the connection of the container body / inner lining / shielding cover, Figures III to V the arrangement of the webs, Figures VI and VII supply line details and Figures VIII to X configurations of the neutron shielding.

Der Transport- und Lagerbehälter ist im wesentlichen aus einem Behälterkörper (1) mil Kühlrippen (5), einer korrosionsbeständigen Innenauskleidung (4), einem mit Dichtungselementen (15) versehenen Abschirm (2)- und einem ebenfalls mit Dichtungen (14) ausgerüsteten Außendeckel (3), einer Neutronenabschirmung (8), Versorgungsleitungen (11) und Tragzapfen (7) aufgebaut.The transport and storage container consists essentially of a container body (1) with cooling fins (5), a corrosion-resistant inner lining (4), a shield (2) provided with sealing elements (15) - and an outer cover (also equipped with seals (14)) 3), a neutron shield (8), supply lines (11) and trunnion (7).

Die Innenauskleidung (4) liegt am Behälterkörper (1) an, wobei der Innenauskleidungsflansch (19) mit Bohrungen versehen ist, durch die Gewindeeinsätze (21) mit Außengewinde (22) an den Behälterkörper (1) angeschraubt sind. Der Abschirmdeckel (2) wird mit Schrauben (20) gehalten, die in axialen Bohrungen mit Innengewinde (23) innerhalb der Gewindeeinsätze (21) sitzen.The inner lining (4) lies against the container body (1), the inner lining flange (19) being provided with bores through which threaded inserts (21) with an external thread (22) are screwed to the container body (1). The shielding cover (2) is held with screws (20), which are seated in axial bores with an internal thread (23) inside the thread inserts (21).

Somit ist erfindungsgemäß möglich, die Innenauskleidung (4) mit Flansch (19) und Abschirmdeckel (2) unabhängig voneinander, jedoch platzsparend und korrosionssicher zu befestigen. Dabei liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß alle Teile des Verbindungselementes, insbesondere die Gewindeeinsätze (21) aus korrosionsfestem Material gefertigt sind.It is thus possible according to the invention to fasten the inner lining (4) with flange (19) and shielding cover (2) independently of one another, but in a space-saving and corrosion-proof manner. It is within the scope of the invention that all parts of the connecting element, in particular the threaded inserts (21) are made of corrosion-resistant material.

Ist aufgrund der Auslegungsdaten eines Transportbehälters vorgesehen, den Abschirmdeckel (2) mit z. B. 24 Schrauben (20) M 32 zu befestigen, genügt für die Gewindeeinsätze (21) ein Außengewinde (22) von M 48, um die erforderliche Kraftübertragung sicherzustellen. Dabei ist gewährleistet, daß beim Entfernen der Deckelschrauben (20) die Gewindeeinsätze (21) fest sitzen bleiben, ohne sich herauszudrehen.Is provided based on the design data of a transport container, the shielding cover (2) with z. B. to fasten 24 screws (20) M 32, an external thread (22) of M 48 is sufficient for the threaded inserts (21) to ensure the required power transmission. This ensures that when the cover screws (20) are removed, the threaded inserts (21) remain firmly in place without unscrewing.

Der Kopf (25) des Gewindeeinsatzes (21) ist zur bequemen Handhabung entsprechend gestaltet. Eine Dichtung (24) am Gewindeeinsatz (21) verhindert bei der Unterwasserbeladung das Eindringen von Wasser. Fallweise können die axialen Bohrungen der Gewindeeinsätze (21) bei geöffnetem Behälter verschlossen bzw. abgedeckt werden.The head (25) of the threaded insert (21) is designed accordingly for easy handling. A seal (24) on the threaded insert (21) prevents water from entering during underwater loading. In some cases the axial bores of the threaded inserts (21) can be closed or covered with the container open.

Im Außendeckel (3) befinden sich Prüfanschlüsse (9), die durch Abdeckungen (28) geschützt sind. Mit Hilfe dieser Prüfanschlüsse (9) ist es möglich, den Zwischenraum (16) zwischen den beiden Umschließungen bzw. Barrieren zu überwachen, die durch die Innenauskleidung (4) und den Abschirmdeckel (2) einerseits sowie den Behälterkörper (1) und den Außendeckel (3) andererseits gebildet werden. Beispielsweise ist es möglich, mit einem Lecksuchgerät, das an einem Prüfanschluß (9) angeschlossen ist, die Integrität der Innenauskleidung (4) sowie der Dichtfunktion des Abschirmdeckels (2) bequem festzustellen, ohne sich einer Strahlungsgefährdung auszusetzen. Entsprechend ist es möglich, auch Meßgeräte zur Ortung der möglicherweise in den Zwischenraum (16) ausgetretenen Aktivität an einen Prüfanschluß (9) anzuschließen. Der auf diese Weise ausgerüstete Lagerbehälter ist, z. B. für Langzeitzwischenlagerungen von radioaktivem Material, das einer späteren Wiederaufarbeitung zugeführt werden soll, hervorragend geeignet.There are test connections (9) in the outer cover (3), which are protected by covers (28). With the help of these test connections (9), it is possible to monitor the intermediate space (16) between the two enclosures or barriers, which through the inner lining (4) and the shielding cover (2) on the one hand and the container body (1) and the outer cover ( 3) on the other hand. For example, it is possible to easily determine the integrity of the inner lining (4) and the sealing function of the shielding cover (2) with a leak detector that is connected to a test connection (9) without being exposed to a radiation hazard. Accordingly, it is also possible to connect measuring devices to a test connection (9) for locating the activity which may have occurred in the intermediate space (16). The equipped in this way storage container is, for. B. for long-term interim storage of radioactive material that is to be reprocessed later, ideally suited.

Der erfindungsgemäße Behälter besitzt an der Oberfläche Stege (6), die quer zur Erstreckungsrichtung der Kühlrippen (5) angebracht sind. Bei axialer Erstreckung der Kühlrippen (5) verlaufen die Stege (6) rundum,bei rundumlaufenden Kühlrippen jedoch axial. Als besonders günstig hat sich das gemeinsame Angießen der Kühlrippen (5) und Stege (6) an den Behälterkörper (1) erwiesen.The container according to the invention has webs (6) on the surface which are attached transversely to the direction of extension of the cooling fins (5). When the cooling fins (5) extend axially, the webs (6) run all around, with all around running cooling fins, however, axially. The joint casting of the cooling fins (5) and webs (6) onto the container body (1) has proven to be particularly favorable.

Die Querstege (6) haben zur Folge, daß der unvermeidbare Bruch der Kühlrippen (5) beim Aufprall nicht am Rippenfuß (27) erfolgt, wo die Gefahr der Rißausdehnung in den Behälterkörper (1) gegeben ist, sondern in einem bestimmten Abstand vom Rippenfuß. Der sichere Abstand des Risses vom Behälterkörper (1) wird gewährleistet durch die Wahl. entsprechender Steghöhen und entsprechendem Stegabstand. Wie theoretische Berechnungen sowie Experimente gezeigt haben, ist es besonders günstig, die Stege so zu dimensionieren, daß die Steghöhe maximal 2/3 der Höhe der Kühlrippen (5) und der Stegabstand maximal das 10-fache , der Steghöhe beträgt.The transverse webs (6) have the result that the unavoidable breakage of the cooling fins (5) does not take place on the fin base (27) on impact, where there is a risk of crack expansion in the container body (1), but at a certain distance from the fin base. The safe distance of the crack from the container body (1) is guaranteed by the choice. corresponding web heights and corresponding web spacing. As theoretical calculations and experiments have shown, it is particularly advantageous to dimension the webs such that the web height is a maximum of 2/3 of the height of the cooling fins (5) and the web spacing is a maximum of 10 times the web height.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausbildung besteht darin, in den Kühlrippen (5) im Bereich der Stege (6) Kerben (18) vorzusehen, die die gezielte Rißbildung ohne Eindringen in den Behälterkörper (1) noch zuverlässiger gewährleisten, indem die Rißbildung auf den durch die Stege (6) zueinander vorgegebenen Abstand limitiert wird. Die maximale Tiefe der Kerben (18) ist an der oberen Begrenzung (26) der Stege (6) erreicht. Geringere Tiefen der Kerben (18) sind in Abhängigkeit von Auslegung und Material ebenfalls sehr wirksam. Die Kerben können angeformt oder fallweise auch nachträglich eingearbeitet werden.A particularly advantageous embodiment consists in providing notches (18) in the cooling fins (5) in the region of the webs (6), which ensure the targeted crack formation without penetrating into the container body (1) even more reliably by the crack formation on the through the webs (6) predetermined distance from each other is limited. The maximum depth of the notches (18) is reached at the upper limit (26) of the webs (6). Shallow depths the notches (18) are also very effective depending on the design and material. The notches can be molded on or, if necessary, worked in later.

Beispielsweise besitzt ein Gußbehälter für bestrahlte Brennelemente aus Druckwasserreaktoren mit angegossenen umlaufenden Stegen, Stegabstand voneinander ca. 440 mm, Steghöhe ca. 70 mm, Kühlrippen, die in axialer Richtung an der Behälterkörperoberfläche angeordnet sind. Die Kühlrippen weisen eine Höhe von ca. 240 mm auf. Im Bereich der querlaufenden Stege befinden sich in den Kühlrippen Kerben mit einer Kerbtiefe von ca. 95 mm. Mit diesen Auslegungsdaten werden Risse im Behälterkörper durch Kühlrippenbeschädigungen sicher vermieden.For example, a cast container for irradiated fuel assemblies from pressurized water reactors with cast-on circumferential webs, spacing from one another about 440 mm, web height about 70 mm, cooling fins, which are arranged in the axial direction on the container body surface. The cooling fins have a height of approx. 240 mm. In the area of the transverse webs there are notches in the cooling fins with a notch depth of approx. 95 mm. With this design data, cracks in the container body due to damage to the cooling ribs are reliably avoided.

Es ist besonders günstig, wenn die Versorgungsleitung (11) zum tiefsten Punkt des Behälterkörpers (1) im Behälterinnenraum angeordnet und mit einem Bedienungsanschluß (10) im Abschirmdeckel (2) über ein Verbindungselement (12), z. B. über einen Flansch (30), verbunden ist. Dabei ist es insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn die Versorgungsleitung (11) über einen Konus (31) an den Bedienungsanschluß (10) angekoppelt und über ein Federelement (13) angepreßt wird.It is particularly advantageous if the supply line (11) to the lowest point of the container body (1) is arranged in the container interior and with an operating connection (10) in the shielding cover (2) via a connecting element (12), for. B. is connected via a flange (30). It is particularly advantageous if the supply line (11) is coupled to the operating connection (10) via a cone (31) and pressed on via a spring element (13).

Das Neutronenabschirmmaterial (8) befindet sich zwischen den Kühlrippen, insbesondere in dem von den Stegen (6) und unteren Teilen der Kühlrippen (5) gebildeten Raum. Besonders günstig ist es dabei, wenn die Neutronenabschirmung (8) aus zwischen den Kühlrippen (5) angebrachten Formkörpern (33) besteht, wobei sich aus mehreren Einzelteilen (34) zusammengesetzte Formkörper (33) besonders bewährt haben. Dadurch ist die Neutronenabschirmung variabel gestaltbar, bequem montierbar sowie prüf- und wartungsfreundlich. Die Formkörper (33), fallweise axial zusammengesetzt, können unterschiedliche Form, Stufung und Größe haben, sie sollen sich nur derart dicht zu einem Ensemble zusammenfügen lassen, daß die Abschirmwirkung auch gegen vagabundierende Neutronen ausreichend ist. Gesichert werden die Formkörper (33) durch Nasen (32), die sich an den Kühlrippen (5) befinden, gegebenenfalls auch durch von diesen Nasen (32) gehaltenen Abdeckungen.The neutron shielding material (8) is located between the cooling fins, in particular in the space formed by the webs (6) and lower parts of the cooling fins (5). It is particularly advantageous if the neutron shielding (8) consists of molded bodies (33) attached between the cooling fins (5), molded bodies (33) composed of several individual parts (34) having proven particularly useful. As a result, the neutron shield can be designed variably, is easy to install and is easy to test and maintain. The shaped bodies (33), in some cases axially assembled, can have different shapes, gradations and sizes; they should only be able to be joined together so tightly that the shielding effect is sufficient even against stray neutrons. The molded bodies (33) are secured by lugs (32) which are located on the cooling fins (5), and possibly also by covers held by these lugs (32).

In einer besonderen Ausgestaltung bestehen die Einzelteile (34) aus einem im Querschnitt kegelförmigen oder parabolischen Mittelteil (35) und zwei gleichen Seitenteilen (36). Bei der Montage werden zunächst die Seitenteile (36) positioniert und anschließend das kegelförmig und gegebenenfalls dabei auch leicht ballig gestaltete Mittelteil (35) eingebracht, wobei ein Anpressen der Seitenteile an den Behälterkörper (1),die Kühlrippen (5) und unter die Nasen (32) erfolgt. Anstelle einer üblichen Abdeckung ist es besonders vorteilhaft, die Formteile (33, 34, 35, 36) durch ein federndes Blech (17) mit einem Falz (29) zu sichern und dabei den Anpreßdruck aufrecht zu erhalten, wobei der Falz (29) zusätzlich zu seiner Handhabungs- und Klemmfunktion quasi auch als zusätzliche Mini-Kühlrippe wirksam ist.In a special embodiment, the individual parts (34) consist of a central part (35) which is conical or parabolic in cross-section and two identical side parts (36). During assembly, the side parts (36) are first positioned and then the cone-shaped and optionally also a slightly spherical middle part (35) is introduced, the side parts being pressed against the container body (1), the cooling fins (5) and under the lugs (32). Instead of a conventional cover, it is particularly advantageous to secure the shaped parts (33, 34, 35, 36) by means of a resilient sheet (17) with a fold (29) and to maintain the contact pressure, the fold (29) additionally is also effective as an additional mini cooling fin for its handling and clamping function.

Vorzugsweise ist der erfindungsgemäße Behälter aus Guß gefertigt, wobei sich Kugelgraphitguß als besonders günstig herausgestellt hat.The container according to the invention is preferably made of cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron has proven to be particularly favorable.

Claims (8)

1. Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter für radioaktive Stoffe, insbesondere für bestrahlte Brennelemente aus Kernreaktoren, im wesentlichen bestehend aus einem Behälterkörper mit Abschirmfunktion für Gamma-Strahlung mit Kühlrippen auf der Oberfläche, einer korrosionsbeständigen Innenauskleidung, einem Abschirm- und einem Außendeckel, einer Neutronenabschirmung und Versorgungsleitungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenauskleidung (4) über einen Flansch (19) mit dem Außengewinde (22) von Gewindeeinsätzen (21) im Behälterkörper (1) befestigt ist, wobei die Gewindeeinsätze (21) axiale Bohrungen mit einem Innengewinde (23) aufweisen, in die Schrauben (20) zur Befesti- .gung des Abschirmdeckels (2) eingeschraubt sind, im Außendeckel (3) sich Prüfanschlüsse (9) zur Prüfung des Zwischenraumes (16) zwischen den beiden Umschließungen, die durch Innenauskleidung (4) und Abschirmdeckel (2) einerseits und Behälterkörper (1) und Außendeckel (3) andererseits gebildet werden, und auf der Oberfläche des Behälterkörpers (1) quer zur Erstreckungsrichtung der Kühlrippen (5) Stege -(6) angebracht sind.1. Transport and / or storage container for radioactive materials, in particular for irradiated fuel elements from nuclear reactors, consisting essentially of a container body with a shielding function for gamma radiation with cooling fins on the surface, a corrosion-resistant inner lining, a shielding and an outer cover, a neutron shielding and supply lines, characterized in that the inner lining (4) is fastened via a flange (19) to the external thread (22) of threaded inserts (21) in the container body (1), the threaded inserts (21) having axial bores with an internal thread (23 ), into which screws (20) for fastening the shielding cover (2) are screwed, in the outer cover (3) there are test connections (9) for checking the space (16) between the two enclosures, which are covered by the inner lining (4) and shielding lid (2) on the one hand and container body (1) and outer lid (3) on the other hand, and on the surface of the container body (1) are attached transversely to the direction of extension of the cooling fins (5) webs - (6). 2. Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Versorgungsleitung (11) zum tiefsten Punkt des Behälterkörpers (1) im Behälterinnenraum angeordnet und mit einem Bedienungsanschluß (10) im Abschirmdeckel (2) verbunden ist.2. Transport and / or storage container according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply line (11) to the lowest point of the container body (1) is arranged in the container interior and is connected to an operating connection (10) in the shielding cover (2). 3. Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Versorgungsleitung (11) über einen Konus (31) an den Bedienungsanschluß (10) an- gekoppelt und über ein Federelement (13) angepreßt wird.3. Transport and / or storage container according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the supply line (11) is coupled via a cone (31) to the operating connection (10) and is pressed via a spring element (13). 4. Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlrippen (5) im Bereich der querlaufenden Stege (6) Kerben (18) aufweisen.4. Transport and / or storage container according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the cooling fins (5) in the region of the transverse webs (6) have notches (18). 5. Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Neutronenabschirmung aus zwischen den Kühlrippen (5) angebrachten Formkörpern (33) besteht.5. Transport and / or storage container according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the neutron shield consists of between the cooling fins (5) attached molded bodies (33). 6. Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Formkörper (33) aus mehreren Einzelteilen (34) zusammengesetzt sind.6. Transport and / or storage container according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the shaped body (33) from several individual parts (34) are composed. 7. Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Formkörper (33) durch ein federndes Blech (17) mit einem Falz (29) an den Behälterkörper (1) angedrückt werden.7. Transport and / or storage container according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the shaped body (33) by a resilient sheet (17) with a fold (29) are pressed onto the container body (1). 8. Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälterkörper (1) aus Kugelgraphitguß besteht.8. Transport and / or storage container according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the container body (1) consists of nodular cast iron.
EP81105279A 1980-07-11 1981-07-08 Container for transporting and/or storing radioactive materials Expired EP0044023B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3026249A DE3026249C2 (en) 1980-07-11 1980-07-11 Transport and / or storage containers for radioactive substances
DE3026249 1980-07-11

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EP0044023A1 true EP0044023A1 (en) 1982-01-20
EP0044023B1 EP0044023B1 (en) 1986-09-24

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EP (1) EP0044023B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5786097A (en)
BR (1) BR8104357A (en)
DE (2) DE3026249C2 (en)
ES (1) ES503545A0 (en)

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FR2572213A1 (en) * 1984-10-22 1986-04-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp OUT OF STOCK NUCLEAR FUEL STORAGE CASTLE
EP0399238A1 (en) * 1989-05-10 1990-11-28 Nukem GmbH Container for receiving radio-active substances

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DE3222764A1 (en) * 1982-06-18 1983-12-22 GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH, 4300 Essen Shielding container for receiving radioactive waste
DE3222749A1 (en) * 1982-06-18 1983-12-22 GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH, 4300 Essen TRANSPORT AND STORAGE CONTAINERS FOR RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES
JPS6379600U (en) * 1986-11-13 1988-05-26
JP4782061B2 (en) * 2007-03-30 2011-09-28 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Transport or storage containers for radioactive materials
JP2010169456A (en) * 2009-01-21 2010-08-05 Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd Radioactive substance transportation-storage container
JP2010181345A (en) * 2009-02-06 2010-08-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Waste container
CN102243899B (en) * 2011-06-28 2013-08-14 中国原子能科学研究院 Nuclear fuel element transfer container special for neutron photography nondestructive detection
JP6276505B2 (en) * 2012-09-24 2018-02-07 三菱重工業株式会社 Radioactive substance storage container gantry, manufacturing method thereof, and structure
JP6817164B2 (en) * 2017-07-28 2021-01-20 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Storage container for radioactive materials
RU2732858C1 (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-09-23 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ КАЗЕННОЕ ВОЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ "Военная академия Ракетных войск стратегического назначения имени Петра Великого" МИНИСТЕРСТВА ОБОРОНЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ Protective device for transportation and/or storage of explosive, radiation and toxicologically hazardous cargo

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EP0399238A1 (en) * 1989-05-10 1990-11-28 Nukem GmbH Container for receiving radio-active substances

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Publication number Publication date
DE3175377D1 (en) 1986-10-30
DE3026249C2 (en) 1984-05-30
ES8303797A1 (en) 1983-02-01
JPH0419519B2 (en) 1992-03-30
JPS5786097A (en) 1982-05-28
EP0044023B1 (en) 1986-09-24
BR8104357A (en) 1982-03-23
DE3026249A1 (en) 1982-02-11
ES503545A0 (en) 1983-02-01

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