EP0043689A2 - Periskopischer Antennenerreger - Google Patents

Periskopischer Antennenerreger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0043689A2
EP0043689A2 EP81302955A EP81302955A EP0043689A2 EP 0043689 A2 EP0043689 A2 EP 0043689A2 EP 81302955 A EP81302955 A EP 81302955A EP 81302955 A EP81302955 A EP 81302955A EP 0043689 A2 EP0043689 A2 EP 0043689A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
waveguide
horn
sub
concave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81302955A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0043689A3 (de
Inventor
John Richard Brain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAE Systems Electronics Ltd
Original Assignee
Marconi Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marconi Co Ltd filed Critical Marconi Co Ltd
Publication of EP0043689A2 publication Critical patent/EP0043689A2/de
Publication of EP0043689A3 publication Critical patent/EP0043689A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/191—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface wherein the primary active element uses one or more deflecting surfaces, e.g. beam waveguide feeds

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for feeding electromagnetic signals, particularly in the microwave and radio frequency areas of the spectrum between, on the one hand a reflector belonging to an antenna and, on the other hand, transmitting and/or receiving equipment for delivering signals to or receiving them from the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 A typical known apparatus of the type described above is shown very schematically in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
  • a building 1 which houses microwave signal detecting and generating equipment lA.
  • Microwave energy passes from lA along a short waveguide 2 which terminates in a large corrugated radiating horn 3. This emits a beam 4 of radiation which diverges from point 5 inside the mouth of the horn with an angle of divergance (a).
  • the diverging beam 4 enters a beam waveguide 6 mounted on a support structure 7 which has wheels 8 riding on a circular track 9.
  • the support structure 7 and the beam waveguide 6 can thus be rotated about a.vertical axis X-X.
  • the means for effecting such rotation is not illustrated in the drawing.
  • the beam waveguide 6 has a lower tubular portion containing a flat reflector 10 from which the diverging beam 4 is reflected to a parabolic reflector 11.
  • the latter has its focus at or near point 5 and therefore produces an essentially parallel beam which is directed to another parabolic reflector 12.
  • the reflector 12 brings the beam to a focus at point 13 after reflection from a flat reflector 14.
  • the beam now diverging again, is scattered from a sub-reflector 15 to a main reflector 16 from where the signals are transmitted into the atmosphere or into space if the apparatus is located in an extra terrestrial position.
  • the main reflector 16 has support arms 17 pivotted about a horizontal axis Y-Y to the support structure 7.
  • the beam waveguide 6 is divided as indicated at 6A into upper and lower parts so as to enable the upper part to rotate with the reflector 16 about the axis Y-Y.
  • the means for rotating the reflector 16 about the horizontal axis Y-Y is not shown in the drawing. By selecting the appropriate positions of rotation about the axes X-X and Y-Y the reflector 16 can be made to point in any desired direction.
  • the horn 3 needs to radiate most of the energy within a narrow angle (a), so that an acceptable proportion of the energy is incident upon reflectors 10 and 11.
  • a the horn must be very large, possibly several metres high.
  • the horn is therefore very expensive, particularly if, as is usually the case, the horn is internally corrugated along its entire length.
  • This invention provides apparatus for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic signals comprising a path for the signals extending: from a signal generator or detector to a member located in front of a concave reflector; from the said member to the concave reflector; from the concave reflector, past opposite sides of the said member to a beam waveguide; and from the beam waveguide to a main reflector.
  • the concave reflector provided by this invention enables a widely diverging beam, from for example a small horn, to be converted into a beam having a smaller angle of divergance, such as would be obtained from a large horn.
  • the cost of the conventional large horn is thus substantially eliminated at the expense of a relatively inexpensive concave reflector.
  • the concave reflector can be designed to give a beam having as small an angle of divergance as may be required or even a parallel beam or a converging beam. The invention therefore makes it possible in cases to eliminate the need for concave reflectors in the beam waveguide thus further reducing the cost of the system.
  • the said "member” can be a relatively small horn positioned in front of the concave reflector and directed towards the latter.
  • a horn requires a waveguide feed which, because of its necessary cross- sectional area, obstructs to a significant.extent the path between the concave reflector and the beam waveguide.
  • the said "member” be a sub-reflector positioned axially in front of the concave reflector and arranged so that the said path passes through an aperture in the centre of the concave reflector between the sub-reflector and a horn or equivalent member located behind the concave reflector.
  • a sub-reflector as described above can be supported on relatively slender supports which do not present any significant obstacle to the passage of radiation along the aforementioned path.
  • this apparatus has components 1,1A,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,16 and 17 identical to those shown in Figure 1. Of these only components 10 and 11 and part of component 6 are shown in Figure 2.
  • the large horn 3 of Figure 1 is replaced, in Figure 2, by a small horn 18 which emits, or receives, a beam 19 whose angle of divergance, or convergance, is denoted by the letter (b). This angle (b) is much greater than the corresponding angle (a) of Figure 1 because of the smaller horn size.
  • the beam 19 passes through a central aperture in a concave reflector 20 behind which the horn 18 is situated.
  • The,beam is then reflected from a sub-reflector 21 onto the front of the concave reflector 20.
  • the concave reflector 20 is elliptical in section having one focus at the point 5, which is the same as the point 5 shown in Figure l; and its other focus at a point 5A.
  • the convex reflector 2l is hyperbolic in section, having one focus at 5A and its other focus at 5B inside the mouth of the horn 18. Accordingly, the beam eflected from the reflector 20 is brought to a focus at point 5.
  • the angle of convergance and divergance at point 5 is chosen to be equal to the angle (a) of Figure 1 so that after passing point 5 the beam behaves exactly as described with reference to Figure 1.
  • the apparatus depicted in Figure 2 can thus be used as a direct replacement for the large horn 3 of Figure 1 without the need arising for any other modifications to the equipment.
  • Figure 3 shows an apparatus similar to that of Figure 2 but modified by the replacement of the elliptical reflector 20 by a parabolic reflector 22 having its focus at the point 5A. This produces a parallel beam which is directed into the beam waveguide 6. Since the beam is parallel there is no need for curved reflectors in the beam waveguide. Thus the reflectors 11 and 12 of Figure 1 can be replaced by planar reflectors such as shown at 11A.
  • the sub-reflector 21 is preferably shaped so that it directs no radiation, or a relatively low intensity of radiation to the central portion of the reflector 22. This is illustrated in Figure 4 where regions of the beam having maximum intensity values are shown by the shaded areas. From Figure 4 it is apparent that the sub-reflector 21 is effective to shape the beam 4 into an annular configuration which is incident on the part 23 of the reflector 22 but not to a substantial extent on the central part of this reflector. As a consequence the sub-reflector 21 does not, to a substantial extent, obstruct energy flowing between the concave reflector 22 and the beam waveguide.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)
EP81302955A 1980-07-04 1981-06-29 Periskopischer Antennenerreger Withdrawn EP0043689A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8022088A GB2079538A (en) 1980-07-04 1980-07-04 Beam waveguide feed for antenna
GB8022088 1980-07-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0043689A2 true EP0043689A2 (de) 1982-01-13
EP0043689A3 EP0043689A3 (de) 1982-01-20

Family

ID=10514563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81302955A Withdrawn EP0043689A3 (de) 1980-07-04 1981-06-29 Periskopischer Antennenerreger

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0043689A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS5748805A (de)
GB (1) GB2079538A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1071109C (zh) * 1995-05-19 2001-09-19 花王株式会社 护发产品
US6890894B2 (en) 2000-02-22 2005-05-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Fatty acids, soaps surfactant systems, and consumer products based thereon
US6916777B2 (en) 1997-10-23 2005-07-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Fatty acids, soaps, surfactant systems, and consumer products based thereon
WO2009064608A1 (en) 2007-11-16 2009-05-22 Raytheon Company Systems and methods for waveguides
CN102324596A (zh) * 2011-06-09 2012-01-18 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 一种毫米波宽带平面镜型的TE01模Bend结构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7352150B2 (ja) * 2019-08-27 2023-09-28 三菱電機株式会社 ビーム反射機構、反射鏡駆動機構及び反射鏡アンテナ装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1245072A (fr) * 1958-11-21 1960-11-04 Perfectionnements à la transmission des faisceaux d'ondes électromagnétiques
US3521288A (en) * 1968-07-10 1970-07-21 Us Air Force Antenna array employing beam waveguide feed
JPS5261458A (en) * 1975-11-17 1977-05-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Beam power supply antenna system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1245072A (fr) * 1958-11-21 1960-11-04 Perfectionnements à la transmission des faisceaux d'ondes électromagnétiques
US3521288A (en) * 1968-07-10 1970-07-21 Us Air Force Antenna array employing beam waveguide feed
JPS5261458A (en) * 1975-11-17 1977-05-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Beam power supply antenna system

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE International Antennas and Propagation Symposium, Dec. 1969, Austin, Mac Graw-Hill, New York, (US) Y TAKEICHI et al.: "The Dual-Reflector Launcher for the Beam Waveguide", pages 70-77 *
IEEE International Antennas and Propagation Symposium, Sept. 1970, Columbus, Mac Graw-Hill, New York, (US) T. KITSUREGAWA et al.: "The Four Reflector Launcher for the Beam Waveguide", pages 94-99 *
L'ONDE ELECTRIQUE, Vol. 51, Nr. 6, June 1971, Masson Paris, (FR) S. DRABOWITCH et al.: "Conception Radioelectrique d'une Antenne Experimentale de Telecommunication Spatiale dans la Gamme 10-35 GHz", pages 502-508 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 1, No. 127, page 5601E77, & JP-A-52 061 458 (20-05-1977) *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1071109C (zh) * 1995-05-19 2001-09-19 花王株式会社 护发产品
US6916777B2 (en) 1997-10-23 2005-07-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Fatty acids, soaps, surfactant systems, and consumer products based thereon
US6949502B2 (en) 1997-10-23 2005-09-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Fatty acids, soaps, surfactant systems, and consumer products based thereon
US6890894B2 (en) 2000-02-22 2005-05-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Fatty acids, soaps surfactant systems, and consumer products based thereon
US6992057B2 (en) * 2000-02-22 2006-01-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Fatty acids, soaps, surfactant systems, and consumer products based thereon
WO2009064608A1 (en) 2007-11-16 2009-05-22 Raytheon Company Systems and methods for waveguides
EP2215522A1 (de) * 2007-11-16 2010-08-11 Raytheon Company Systeme und verfahren für wellenleiter
EP2215522A4 (de) * 2007-11-16 2015-02-25 Raytheon Co Systeme und verfahren für wellenleiter
CN102324596A (zh) * 2011-06-09 2012-01-18 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 一种毫米波宽带平面镜型的TE01模Bend结构
CN102324596B (zh) * 2011-06-09 2013-10-09 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 一种毫米波宽带平面镜型的TE01模Bend结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2079538A (en) 1982-01-20
JPS5748805A (en) 1982-03-20
EP0043689A3 (de) 1982-01-20

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Inventor name: BRAIN, JOHN RICHARD