EP0040533A2 - Aiguillages - Google Patents

Aiguillages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0040533A2
EP0040533A2 EP81302188A EP81302188A EP0040533A2 EP 0040533 A2 EP0040533 A2 EP 0040533A2 EP 81302188 A EP81302188 A EP 81302188A EP 81302188 A EP81302188 A EP 81302188A EP 0040533 A2 EP0040533 A2 EP 0040533A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
point
rail
turnout
switch blade
wing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81302188A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0040533B1 (fr
EP0040533A3 (en
Inventor
Imre Csontos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81302188T priority Critical patent/ATE12800T1/de
Publication of EP0040533A2 publication Critical patent/EP0040533A2/fr
Publication of EP0040533A3 publication Critical patent/EP0040533A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0040533B1 publication Critical patent/EP0040533B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/20—Safety means for switches, e.g. switch point protectors, auxiliary or guiding rail members

Definitions

  • This invention relates to railway turnouts.
  • the wing rails are normally laid with a constant elevation while the point rail nose is provided with a reverse slope from a point lower than the plane of the wing rail.
  • the car wheels are coned and in running across the crossing, encounter a position on the wing rail where the wing rail deviates from the direction of travel of the wheel or gauge line at the throat of the flangeway of the crossing rail.
  • the wheel drops as the point of contact between the rail and the wheel moves outwardly on the conical wheel tread in dropping it encounters the nose, rides up the reverse slope and proceeds at the proper elevation, hammering the nose in the process.
  • first stock rail will be used to denote the stock rail directly adjacent the curved switch blade, i.e. the main line rail while the term “second stock rail” will denote the stock rail directly adjacent the standard straight blade, i.e. the siding rail.
  • a railway turnout includes a guard rail located adjacent the second stock rail in such a manner that the wheel flanges of wheels moving between the second stock rail and the guard rail are drawn towards the second stock rail thereby drawing the wheel flanges of the wheels moving over the first stock rail away from the stock rail, the guard rail being located opposite the point of the curved switch blade.
  • the curved switch blade is preferably longer than the standard switch blade.
  • the method may include the additional steps of forming a recess by cutting the flanges and the head of the stock rail in a single plane cutting operation, the base and head being cut simultaneously, and the mating face of the switch blade being plane cut to fit complementally against the stock rail.
  • Keough Rail road frogs using raised wing rails have been proposed by Keough in US patent no. 1, 389,144 and Carruthers, US patent no. 2,012,807. Keough suggest that the wing rail be raised or that the point be lowered to prevent the wheel striking the point and breaking it down.
  • the raised wing rail is sketchilly described, but it appears merely to provide a ramp to lift the car wheels over the point of the nose, the frog depending more on a narrow flangeway to force the wheel tread on to the nose tread surface. Keough also proposes a deep wide throat which will tend to offset the advantage gained by the raised wing rail.
  • Carruthers uses a frog in which the point is inclined above the plane of the stock rail tread surfaces, as are the wing rails.
  • the height above the plane of the stock rails being determined by the expected ultimate displacement of surface metal as a result of cold flow thereof in an endeavour to obtain, once the metal has stabilised the proper elevation on the point rail in particular.
  • the tread surface of the wing rails are horizontal with the result that a car wheel, in transferring from the wing rail to the nose, will place a substantially point load on the inner edge of the wing rail, notwithstanding that the wing rail is raised.
  • the invention therefor provides a railway turnout comprising two wing rails and a point which includes a nose, the running surface of which is substantially co-planar with the running surfaces of the rail of the turnout, the wing of the rails being provided with tread surfaces inclined upwardly above the plane of the running surfaces, the incline of the wing rails extending longitudinally along the wing rails towards the heels thereof and commencing at a point corresponding to the point of deviation from the gauge line, of the wing rail, the tread surface adjacent the gauge line, at an angle corresponding to the shape of the average worn car wheel, the angles of the incline and the slope being dependent on the taper on the wheels and on the angle of deflection of the turnout.
  • the wing rail inclination is provided by a tread surface insert which, in cross section, is provided with the slope described above and which is inclined from the toe to the heel of the crossing.
  • the insert is preferably of steel hardened to tool steel hardness.
  • the nose is preferably carried on a frog comprising a main filler adapted to be bolted or otherwise secured between the vertical webs and base flanges of the wing rails, and a point filler comprising the point and a base, the main filler being formed with a recess adapted to receive the base of the point filler and the point being shaped to abut the severed point rails in use.
  • the prior art turnout 10 shown in Figure 1 comprises a crossing 24 consisting of a left hand wing rail 12, a right hand wing rail 14, a point or long point rail 16, a splice rail or short point rail 18 and two guard rails 20, 22.
  • the wing rails 12, 14 define a throat 26 for two flangeways 28, 30.
  • the short point rail 18 is slanted and abuts the long point rail 16 which is provided with the point 32.
  • the toes 34, 36 of the wing rails 12, 14 abut the siding rail 38 and the main line rail 40 while the heels 42 are at the runout ends of the wing rail.
  • the crossing of the invention (denoted generally by the numerical 124) is shown in more detail in Figure 2.
  • the one gauge line 126 shown in chain line, is an imaginary line indicating the path followed by the wheel flange of a car wheel traversing the crossing 124 from left to right.
  • the problem associated with the prior art is well illustrated by following the gauge line 126 from the bottom of the drawing. to the top.
  • the entrance tc the flangeway 1.28, the wing rail 112, and therefore the support beneath the wheel is deviating from the gauge line 126 at a given angle (depending on the angle of deflection of the turnout) and, due to the coning of the wheels, the wheel comes down in elevation.
  • the wheel meets the nose 132 changes direction, on the reverse slope of the prior art point, and continues on its way.
  • the point 133 which is, by nature of its function, a narrowed tapered piece of metal, is rapidly worn away by the repeated hammer blows.
  • wing rails 112, 114 are inclined upwardly from their point of departure from the gauge line 126. This is done by the provision of wing rail inserts 144, 146 which are inclined from the toe to the heel of the wing rails 112, 114 as can be seen from the elevation in Figure 3. In this manner the drop in elevation of the wheel is countered by a corresponding raising of the wheel by the wing rail inserts 142, 136, so that the tyre of the wheel is on a plane with the tread surface of the point 133 at the point of contact. It is anticipated that the lessening of the impact achieved by the raising of the wing rails will prolong the life of the point 133 and nose 132 substantially.
  • the rounded edges of the rail heads reduce the horizontal tread surface of the rail in the crossing 124, the effective point of first contact between the tread surface of the rail head and the tyre being inwardly of the rail edge and conversely, of the gauge line 126.
  • the tread surfaces of the inserts 144, 146 with a rectangular profile or a sharp inner edge, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the distance A-B is added to the running surface of the rail. In a 1 : 9 turnout the added support length is approximately 100mm.
  • the same distance, by the same token is added at the run-off edge of the insert (distance X-Z).
  • the point 133 is also rectangularly profiled in this manner.
  • the nose 132 is standard, the tapered sides being necessary to prevent a derailment. However, once a point is reached where the wheel is in flangeway, the sides of the nose are angled towards the vertical crowned rectangular profile as shown in Figure 4, thereby adding running surface to the rail in the same manner as is achieved by the profiling of the wing rails 112, 114.
  • the inserts 144, 146 are keyed and material is removed from the wing reail heads to accept the inserts, the recesses so formed being provided with grooves 148 to accept the keys 150 on the inserts whereby the latter are located on the wing rails and secured by means of bolts.
  • the inserts 144, 146 instead of having horizontal tread surfaces are sloped upwardly from the inner edges of the wing rails 112 and 114 so that, instead of a point contact between the coned wheel and rail, a line of contact is established.
  • the wheel rim is therefore supported on the whole of the rim surface remaing above the wing rail instead of merely the edge of the wing rail.
  • the slope of the insert is, of course, commensurate with the profile of an average worn wheel.
  • the point 133 is carried on a frog 152 which may be cast or machined from a block.
  • the frog 152 comprises a base which is carried on the base flanges of the wing rails and abuts the vertical webs.
  • the frog is transversely bolted through the webs of the wing rails and formed with a recess into which the point insert 133, which is provided with a base 154, is adapted to fit.
  • the point insert base is secured into the recess by means of Allen screws.
  • the heel of the frog 152 and the point insert 133 is slanted and abuts the ends of the long and short point rails 116 and 118 which are slanted to accept the frog and point insert. Once inserted and bolted the frog 152 is therefore securely located in between the wing rails.
  • a railway turnout 210 is shown to comprise a first stock rail 212, a second stock rail 214, a curved switch blade 218 and a standard switch blade 216.
  • the operation of the turnout 210 is well known, the movement of the curved switch blade 218 away from the stock rail 212 causing a train to proceed along the main line rail 213, 213a and the removal of the standard switch blade 216 from the second stock rail 214 along with the positioning of the curved switch blade 218 adjacent the first stock rail 212, causing the train to turn out onto the siding rails 215, 215a.
  • the point of the curved switch blade 218, denoted by the number 220 bears the burden of iniating the deflection of the wheels, and understandably, is worn away very rapidly.
  • the turnout 310 of the invention comprising a first stock rail 302 which is formed with a recess 304 therein to receive the point 306 of the curved switch blade 308.
  • a guard rail 310 is provided next to the second stock rail 312.
  • the guard rail 310 is attached to the sleepers in the normal manner and spaced from the stock rail 312 by means of standard cast iron spacer blocks 314. Greasing of the fish plates may present a problem due to the provision of the guard rail 310, but this can be overcome by HUCK (Trade Mark) bolting of the fish plates in the joint.
  • the point 306 of the curved switch blade 308 nestles within the recess 304 where it is out of the way of wheel flanges moving through the turnout 300 from either the trailing - (arrow 318) or facing direction. (arrow 320)
  • the guard rail 310 serves as an additional means of protecting the point 306 by drawing the flanges of the wheels away from the point 306.
  • a recessed stock rail 302 as used here necessitates the use of the guard rail 310 with the turnout 310 in the open position, that is when a train passing through the turnout 310 goes straight.
  • a train moving out of the turnout 310 in the trailing direction 318 stands the chance of following the recessed gauge line, (the inside line of the track) and hitting the end of the recess 306 with its wheel flanges with derailment as the possible result.
  • the guard rail 310 will prevent the wheels from tracking along the recessed gauge line.
  • the point of the shortened standard switch blade 312 need not be received in a corresponding recess in the second stock rail 312.
  • the car wheels tend to continue-in a straight line upon entering the turnout 310.
  • the point 321 lies behind the gauge line, the second stock rail 312 being bent away from the straight line path that the wheels tend to follow.
  • the point 321 lies behind the point 321 when they pass it.
  • the manufacture of the proposed turnout requires less milling operations than the prior art turnouts where up to four different operations or settings on the cutting or milling machine were required.
  • the material of the stock rail 302 is taken off by plane milling or cutting to provide the recess 304 while the mating face 305 of the switch blade 306 is also plane cut to fit complementally against the switch blade 306 and the remainder provides, in conjunction with the stock rail 302, a running surface equal in width to the rest of the rail 302.
  • the plane cutting operations are obviously less expensive than the intricate milling operations required before.
  • guard rail and the switch blades of unequal lengths provide the protection for the point of the curved switch blade and the recess for the point of the curved switch blade is not an absolute necessity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
EP81302188A 1980-05-19 1981-05-18 Aiguillages Expired EP0040533B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81302188T ATE12800T1 (de) 1980-05-19 1981-05-18 Weichen.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA802969 1980-05-19
ZA802971 1980-05-19
ZA802969 1980-05-19
ZA802971 1980-05-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0040533A2 true EP0040533A2 (fr) 1981-11-25
EP0040533A3 EP0040533A3 (en) 1981-12-16
EP0040533B1 EP0040533B1 (fr) 1985-04-17

Family

ID=27132199

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81302188A Expired EP0040533B1 (fr) 1980-05-19 1981-05-18 Aiguillages

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0040533B1 (fr)
AU (2) AU542565B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3169946D1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0541961A2 (fr) * 1991-10-14 1993-05-19 O.M.S.E. OFFICINE MECCANICHE SANT'EMILIO S.p.A. Structure d'une aiguille de voie ferrée
WO2013131112A1 (fr) 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Voestalpine Weichensysteme Gmbh Aiguillage comprenant une voie directe et une voie déviée
CN108867202A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2018-11-23 芜湖中铁科吉富轨道有限公司 一种整体式带翼轨加高的合金钢叉心
WO2019237136A1 (fr) 2018-06-12 2019-12-19 Voestalpine Weichensysteme Gmbh Contre-aiguille
CN110761128A (zh) * 2019-11-05 2020-02-07 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司道岔分公司 道岔机构及轨道系统
CN111424471A (zh) * 2020-03-25 2020-07-17 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 一种有轨电车小号码曲线对称道岔结构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103696330B (zh) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-29 中铁山桥集团有限公司 一种固定型辙叉轮轨关系设计评价方法

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR387404A (fr) * 1908-02-20 1908-07-09 Charles William Reinoehl Perfectionnements aux coeurs de croisement de rails de chemins de fer et autres
FR390949A (fr) * 1908-04-30 1908-10-17 Charles William Reinoehl Perfectionnements apportés aux rails d'aiguillage et croisements de voie de toutes sortes
FR403580A (fr) * 1909-01-12 1909-11-08 Otto John Wyler Aiguillages
US1389144A (en) * 1920-07-21 1921-08-30 Keough Robert Emmet Railroad-frog
US1431018A (en) * 1921-06-25 1922-10-03 Matuszewski Edward Rail
US1501215A (en) * 1924-03-03 1924-07-15 Morden Frog & Crossing Works Guardrail for switches
US1763472A (en) * 1929-06-06 1930-06-10 Gerald M Magee Railway track rail
DE572809C (de) * 1931-06-30 1933-03-23 Friedrich Schwend Dipl Ing Strassenbahnweiche
DE607245C (de) * 1932-11-13 1934-12-20 Paul Weith Einteilige Herzstueckspitze fuer Kreuzungsweichen und Kreuzungen
US2012807A (en) * 1934-02-01 1935-08-27 Pennsylvania Railroad Co Railway frog
DE1989037U (de) * 1963-10-05 1968-07-11 Krug & Co Heinrich Weiche fuer schienenfahrzeuge.
DE2046391B2 (de) * 1970-09-19 1977-12-01 Elektro-Thermit Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Zungenvorrichtung in weichen fuer hohe fahrgeschwindigkeiten

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR387404A (fr) * 1908-02-20 1908-07-09 Charles William Reinoehl Perfectionnements aux coeurs de croisement de rails de chemins de fer et autres
FR390949A (fr) * 1908-04-30 1908-10-17 Charles William Reinoehl Perfectionnements apportés aux rails d'aiguillage et croisements de voie de toutes sortes
FR403580A (fr) * 1909-01-12 1909-11-08 Otto John Wyler Aiguillages
US1389144A (en) * 1920-07-21 1921-08-30 Keough Robert Emmet Railroad-frog
US1431018A (en) * 1921-06-25 1922-10-03 Matuszewski Edward Rail
US1501215A (en) * 1924-03-03 1924-07-15 Morden Frog & Crossing Works Guardrail for switches
US1763472A (en) * 1929-06-06 1930-06-10 Gerald M Magee Railway track rail
DE572809C (de) * 1931-06-30 1933-03-23 Friedrich Schwend Dipl Ing Strassenbahnweiche
DE607245C (de) * 1932-11-13 1934-12-20 Paul Weith Einteilige Herzstueckspitze fuer Kreuzungsweichen und Kreuzungen
US2012807A (en) * 1934-02-01 1935-08-27 Pennsylvania Railroad Co Railway frog
DE1989037U (de) * 1963-10-05 1968-07-11 Krug & Co Heinrich Weiche fuer schienenfahrzeuge.
DE2046391B2 (de) * 1970-09-19 1977-12-01 Elektro-Thermit Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Zungenvorrichtung in weichen fuer hohe fahrgeschwindigkeiten

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0541961A2 (fr) * 1991-10-14 1993-05-19 O.M.S.E. OFFICINE MECCANICHE SANT'EMILIO S.p.A. Structure d'une aiguille de voie ferrée
EP0541961A3 (en) * 1991-10-14 1995-01-18 O M S E Officine Meccaniche Sa Railroad switch structure
WO2013131112A1 (fr) 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Voestalpine Weichensysteme Gmbh Aiguillage comprenant une voie directe et une voie déviée
US9453307B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-09-27 Voestalpine Weichensysteme Gmbh Rail switch having a main track and a branch track
WO2019237136A1 (fr) 2018-06-12 2019-12-19 Voestalpine Weichensysteme Gmbh Contre-aiguille
US11821148B2 (en) 2018-06-12 2023-11-21 Voestalpine Turnout Technology Zeltweg GmbH Stock rail
CN108867202A (zh) * 2018-09-19 2018-11-23 芜湖中铁科吉富轨道有限公司 一种整体式带翼轨加高的合金钢叉心
CN108867202B (zh) * 2018-09-19 2024-05-10 芜湖中铁科吉富轨道有限公司 一种整体式带翼轨加高的合金钢叉心
CN110761128A (zh) * 2019-11-05 2020-02-07 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司道岔分公司 道岔机构及轨道系统
CN111424471A (zh) * 2020-03-25 2020-07-17 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 一种有轨电车小号码曲线对称道岔结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3169946D1 (en) 1985-05-23
AU7066681A (en) 1981-11-26
AU542565B2 (en) 1985-02-28
AU557958B2 (en) 1987-01-15
EP0040533B1 (fr) 1985-04-17
AU3594584A (en) 1985-04-04
EP0040533A3 (en) 1981-12-16

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