EP0039429B1 - Material for electric contacts - Google Patents

Material for electric contacts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0039429B1
EP0039429B1 EP81102838A EP81102838A EP0039429B1 EP 0039429 B1 EP0039429 B1 EP 0039429B1 EP 81102838 A EP81102838 A EP 81102838A EP 81102838 A EP81102838 A EP 81102838A EP 0039429 B1 EP0039429 B1 EP 0039429B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
weight
silver
cdo
tin oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81102838A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0039429A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr. Böhm
Roger Wolmer
Andreas Dipl.-Ing. Szulczyk
Willi Malikowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Degussa GmbH
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6101812&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0039429(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Degussa GmbH filed Critical Degussa GmbH
Priority to AT81102838T priority Critical patent/ATE3345T1/en
Publication of EP0039429A1 publication Critical patent/EP0039429A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • H01H1/02376—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te containing as major component SnO2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof

Definitions

  • this object was achieved in that the material additionally contains 0.1 to 5% by weight bismuth oxide.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

There is described a material for electrical contacts based on silver having 5 to 20 weight % tin oxide and 0.5 to 5 weight % tungsten oxide which has the welding strength reduced further without producing an increased switching temperature. The material contains additionally 0.1 to 5 weight % of bismuth oxide.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Werkstoff für elektrische Kontakte aus Silber mit 5 bis 20 Gew.% Zinnoxid und 0,05 bis 5 % Wolframoxid.The invention relates to a material for electrical contacts made of silver with 5 to 20% by weight of tin oxide and 0.05 to 5% of tungsten oxide.

Für die Herstellung von elektrischen Kontaktstücken hat sich für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungsfällen Ag/CdO bisher am besten bewährt. Aufgrund der Umweltbelastung durch CdO wird jedoch verstärkt versucht, CdO durch ein anderes Metalloxid zu ersetzen. Bei diesen Untersuchungen zeigte es sich. dass Sn02 ein geeigneter Ersatz für CdO ist. Aufgrund der höheren thermischen Stabilität von Sn02 gegenüber CdO ergibt sich zudem eine deutlich verminderte Abbrandrate, die zur längeren Lebensdauer im Schaltgerät führt. Ein sehr wesentlicher Nachteil von Ag/Sn02 besteht jedoch darin, dass der Übergangswiderstand am Kontakt nach einigen tausend Schaltungen durch Deckschichtbildung zu hoch wird. Dies führt dann in der Regel zu erhöhten Temperaturen im Schaltgerät, die zur Zerstörung des Gerätes führen können und somit unzulässig sind.So far, Ag / CdO has proven to be the best for a large number of applications in the manufacture of electrical contact pieces. However, due to the environmental impact of CdO, attempts are being made to replace CdO with another metal oxide. It was shown in these examinations. that Sn0 2 is a suitable replacement for CdO. Due to the higher thermal stability of Sn0 2 compared to CdO, there is also a significantly reduced burn rate, which leads to a longer service life in the switchgear. A very important disadvantage of Ag / Sn0 2 is, however, that the contact resistance at the contact becomes too high after a few thousand switching operations due to the formation of a covering layer. This then generally leads to increased temperatures in the switching device, which can lead to the destruction of the device and are therefore inadmissible.

Ein weiterer Nachteil dieser Ag/Sn02-Werkstoffe gegenüber Ag/CdO besteht in der geringeren Sicherheit gegen Verschweissen. Die Kräfte, die zum Zerreissen der Schweissbrücke erforderlich sind, sind teilweise doppelt so hoch wie die bei Ag/CdO-Kontakten. Damit besteht die Gefahr von Schaltstörungen bei Einsatz von Ag/Sn02.Another disadvantage of these Ag / Sn0 2 materials compared to Ag / CdO is the lower security against welding. The forces required to tear the welding bridge are sometimes twice as high as with Ag / CdO contacts. There is therefore a risk of switching faults when using Ag / Sn0 2 .

Es ist daher versucht worden, durch den Zusatz weiterer Metalloxide zu Ag/Sn02 die Verschweißsicherheit zu erhöhen, wobei beispielsweise Wismutoxid (DE-A1-27 54 335) oder Indiumoxid (DE-A1-24 28 147) verwendet werden. Diese Zusätze verbessern zwar die Verschweißsicherheit, bedingen jedoch eine erhöhte Temperatur am Kontakt und am Schaltgerät, was die Lebensdauer der Geräte beeinträchtigt.Attempts have therefore been made to increase the welding security by adding further metal oxides to Ag / Sn0 2 , bismuth oxide (DE-A1-27 54 335) or indium oxide (DE-A1-24 28 147) being used, for example. Although these additives improve welding security, they require an increased temperature on the contact and on the switching device, which affects the service life of the devices.

Aus der EP-A1-0 024 349, die gemäß Art. 54(3) EPÜ zum Stand der Technik gehört, ist ein elektrischer Kontaktwerkstoff aus Silber mit 8 bis 20 Gew.% Zinnoxid und 0,05 bis 5 Gew.% Wolframoxid bekannt. Mit diesem Werkstoff können die Übergangswiderstände von Silber-Zinnoxid-Werkstoffen im geschalteten Zustand nach einigen tausend Schaltungen bis zum Ende der Lebensdauer auf die Werte von Ag/CdO gesenkt werden. Dadurch wird dieser neue Silber-Zinnoxid-Werkstoff als direkter Ersatz für Silber-Cadmiumoxid in einer Vielzahl von Anwendungsfällen in der elektrischen Energietechnik verwendbar.From EP-A1-0 024 349, which belongs to the prior art according to Art. 54 (3) EPC, an electrical contact material made of silver with 8 to 20% by weight of tin oxide and 0.05 to 5% by weight of tungsten oxide is known . With this material, the contact resistance of silver-tin oxide materials in the switched state can be reduced to the values of Ag / CdO after a few thousand switching operations until the end of their service life. As a result, this new silver-tin oxide material can be used as a direct replacement for silver-cadmium oxide in a large number of applications in electrical power engineering.

Durch das Wolframoxid wurde darüberhinaus die Sicherheit gegen das Verschweissen von einschaltenden Kontakten gegenüber reinem Silber-Zinnoxid erhöht. Die zum Trennen der Kontakte erforderlichen Kräfte lagen jedoch im Durchschnitt noch über den Werten von speziellen Silber-Cadmiumoxid-Werkstoffen.In addition, the tungsten oxide increased the security against the welding of switching contacts compared to pure silver-tin oxide. However, the forces required to separate the contacts were on average above the values of special silver-cadmium oxide materials.

Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Werkstoff für elektrische Kontakte auf der Basis Silber mit 5 bis 20 Gew.% Zinnoxid und 0,05 bis 5 Gew.% Wolframoxid zu finden, der die Verschweißkraft weiter mindert, ohne dadurch eine erhöhte Temperatur am Kontakt zu erzeugen und damit die Lebensdauer des Schaltgerätes zu erniedrigen.It was therefore an object of the present invention to find a material for electrical contacts based on silver with 5 to 20% by weight of tin oxide and 0.05 to 5% by weight of tungsten oxide, which further reduces the welding force without thereby increasing the temperature Generate contact and thus reduce the life of the switching device.

Erfindungsgemäss wurde diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass der Werkstoff zusätzlich 0,1 bis 5 Gew.% Wismutoxid enthält.According to the invention, this object was achieved in that the material additionally contains 0.1 to 5% by weight bismuth oxide.

Uberraschenderweise zeigte sich, dass ein Zusatz von 0,1 bis 5 % Wismutoxid zu Silber-Zinnoxid-Wolframoxid geeignet ist, die Verschweißkraft weiter zu senken auf Werte, die auch optimiertem Silber-Cadmiumoxid ebenbürtig sind. Ein weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil des Wismutoxidzusatzes liegt darin, dass die Kontaktwiderstände, die durch Wolframoxid-Zusatz gesenkt wurden, nicht wieder erhöht werden, wie das bei anderen Metalloxiden gefunden wurde und an sich zu erwarten ist.Surprisingly, it was found that an addition of 0.1 to 5% bismuth oxide to silver-tin oxide-tungsten oxide is suitable for further reducing the welding force to values that are also equivalent to optimized silver-cadmium oxide. Another significant advantage of the addition of bismuth oxide is that the contact resistance, which was reduced by the addition of tungsten oxide, is not increased again, as was found with other metal oxides and can be expected per se.

Der Werkstoff aus Silber mit 5 bis 20 Gew.% Zinnoxid, 0,05 bis 5 Gew.% Wolframoxid und 0,1 bis 5 Gew.% Wismutoxid stellt somit einen besonders abbrandfesten und verschweißsicheren Werkstoff mit niedrigen Übergangswiderständen dar.The material made of silver with 5 to 20% by weight of tin oxide, 0.05 to 5% by weight of tungsten oxide and 0.1 to 5% by weight of bismuth oxide thus represents a particularly fire-resistant and weld-proof material with low contact resistance.

Folgende Tabelle soll die Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemässen Werkstoffs im Vergleich zu bekannten Werkstoffen zeigen.

Figure imgb0001
The following table is intended to show the properties of the material according to the invention in comparison with known materials.
Figure imgb0001

Claims (1)

  1. A material for electrical contacts of silver containing from 5 to 20 % by weight of tin oxide and from 0.05 to 5 % by weight of tungsten oxide, characterised in that this material also contains from 0.1 to 5 % by weight of bismuth oxide.
EP81102838A 1980-05-07 1981-04-14 Material for electric contacts Expired EP0039429B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81102838T ATE3345T1 (en) 1980-05-07 1981-04-14 MATERIAL FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803017424 DE3017424A1 (en) 1980-05-07 1980-05-07 MATERIAL FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS
DE3017424 1980-05-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0039429A1 EP0039429A1 (en) 1981-11-11
EP0039429B1 true EP0039429B1 (en) 1983-05-11

Family

ID=6101812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81102838A Expired EP0039429B1 (en) 1980-05-07 1981-04-14 Material for electric contacts

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4341556A (en)
EP (1) EP0039429B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE3345T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8102764A (en)
DE (1) DE3017424A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3204794A1 (en) * 1981-02-12 1982-09-16 Chugai Denki Kogyo K.K., Tokyo INTERIOR OXIDIZED SILVER-TIN-BISMUTH CONNECTION FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACT MATERIALS
DE3146972A1 (en) * 1981-11-26 1983-06-01 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED PARTS FROM CADMIUM-FREE SILVER METAL OXIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS
US4452652A (en) * 1982-07-08 1984-06-05 Akira Shibata Electrical contact materials and their production method
DD218806A3 (en) * 1982-11-15 1985-02-13 Funk A Bergbau Huettenkombinat ABSORPTIONABLE SWITCH
DE3305270A1 (en) * 1983-02-16 1984-08-16 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München SINTER COMPOSITE FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE3466122D1 (en) * 1984-01-30 1987-10-15 Siemens Ag Contact material and production of electric contacts
DE3405218A1 (en) * 1984-02-14 1985-09-05 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Sintered contact material and method for the preparation thereof
US4680162A (en) * 1984-12-11 1987-07-14 Chugai Denki Kogyo K.K. Method for preparing Ag-SnO system alloy electrical contact material
JPS6355822A (en) * 1986-08-26 1988-03-10 松下電工株式会社 Contact material
US4904317A (en) * 1988-05-16 1990-02-27 Technitrol, Inc. Erosion resistant Ag-SnO2 electrical contact material
FR2639466B1 (en) * 1988-11-22 1991-02-15 Telemecanique PROCESS FOR PREPARING AN ELECTRICAL CONTACT MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A CONTACT ELEMENT INCORPORATING SUCH A MATERIAL
US5072328A (en) * 1990-09-27 1991-12-10 Square D Company Power control relay for electrical outlets which maintains position in absence of solenoid energization
EP0645049B1 (en) * 1992-06-10 1996-04-03 DODUCO GMBH + Co Dr. Eugen DÀ¼rrwächter Material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide
US5822674A (en) * 1992-09-16 1998-10-13 Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Durrwachter Electrical contact material and method of making the same
DE4343550A1 (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-22 Siemens Ag Contact material based on silver for use in switching devices of power engineering
CN104493176A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-08 桂林电器科学研究院有限公司 Method for preparing flaky silver-tungsten electrical contact material

Family Cites Families (17)

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NL40575C (en) * 1934-05-23
US3755723A (en) * 1968-02-26 1973-08-28 Du Pont Novel glasses, silver compositions and capacitors therefrom
US3798516A (en) * 1973-01-17 1974-03-19 Du Pont Ceramic capacitors with noble electrodes alloy
FR2236261A1 (en) * 1973-07-05 1975-01-31 Sumitomo Electric Industries Electrical contacts of silver- indium- and tin- oxides - made by internal oxidn. of silver-indium-tin alloys, and with excellent properties
US3933485A (en) * 1973-07-20 1976-01-20 Chugai Denki Kogyo Kabushiki-Kaisha Electrical contact material
US3933486A (en) * 1974-02-12 1976-01-20 Chugai Denki Kogyo Kabushiki-Kaisha Silver-metal oxide composite and method of manufacturing the same
JPS5233067A (en) * 1975-09-10 1977-03-12 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Elecric contact material
US4141727A (en) * 1976-12-03 1979-02-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrical contact material and method of making the same
DE2659012C3 (en) * 1976-12-27 1980-01-24 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Process for producing a sintered contact material from silver and embedded metal oxides
JPS54128427A (en) * 1978-03-29 1979-10-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Electrical contact point material
JPS54147479A (en) * 1978-05-10 1979-11-17 Sumitomo Electric Industries Electric contact material
DE2824117A1 (en) * 1978-06-01 1979-12-06 Siemens Ag PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING ANISOTROPIC SINTER COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH ORIENTATIONAL STRUCTURE
JPS6013051B2 (en) * 1978-08-11 1985-04-04 中外電気工業株式会社 Improvement of electrical contact material by internally oxidizing silver↓-tin↓-bismuth alloy
JPS5543775A (en) * 1978-09-21 1980-03-27 Sumitomo Electric Industries Electric contact material and method of fabricating same
US4243413A (en) * 1979-02-26 1981-01-06 Chugai Denki Kogyo Kabushiki-Kaisha Integrated Ag-SnO alloy electrical contact materials
JPS6047341B2 (en) * 1979-04-06 1985-10-21 松下電器産業株式会社 electrical contact materials
DE2933338C3 (en) * 1979-08-17 1983-04-28 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Material for electrical contacts and process for their manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8102764A (en) 1982-01-26
DE3017424C2 (en) 1987-01-15
US4341556A (en) 1982-07-27
EP0039429A1 (en) 1981-11-11
ATE3345T1 (en) 1983-05-15
DE3017424A1 (en) 1981-11-12

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