EP0032969B1 - Crane, especially for use in foundries - Google Patents

Crane, especially for use in foundries Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0032969B1
EP0032969B1 EP80100649A EP80100649A EP0032969B1 EP 0032969 B1 EP0032969 B1 EP 0032969B1 EP 80100649 A EP80100649 A EP 80100649A EP 80100649 A EP80100649 A EP 80100649A EP 0032969 B1 EP0032969 B1 EP 0032969B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crane
couplings
gripping device
bridge
rack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP80100649A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0032969A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Grolla
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heinrich Wagner Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH
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Heinrich Wagner Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH
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Priority to AT80100649T priority Critical patent/ATE5708T1/en
Publication of EP0032969A1 publication Critical patent/EP0032969A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D33/00—Equipment for handling moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C17/00—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
    • B66C17/06—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports specially adapted for particular purposes, e.g. in foundries, forges; combined with auxiliary apparatus serving particular purposes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crane, in particular for use in foundries, for moving, turning and transporting objects, in particular foundry molds that are under vacuum and manufactured using the V-method, with a crane bridge carried by two head supports, the wheels of which roll on crane rails and with at least one trolley movable on the crane bridge with a lifting device for the objects to be transported.
  • the casting cavity is delimited by a plastic film, which is pressed against the molding compound formed from loose, binder-free molding sand by a negative pressure generated inside the casting mold.
  • This process assumes that the vacuum in the molding compound is maintained until the casting solidifies.
  • the above-mentioned cranes are used in foundries to transport foundry molds or mold halves, e.g. from the molding shop to the casting station, from the casting station to the unpacking station and to transport empty molding boxes from the unpacking station back to the molding shop.
  • the mold boxes or the mold box halves must be rotated, turned, raised and lowered as required, and in addition for foundry molds using the V process, these must be connected to a vacuum source during transport.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a crane of the type mentioned in such a way that the transporting, moving, turning of objects, in particular of molds produced according to the V-process, can be carried out without manual auxiliary activity, the sequence of the processes described being able to be carried out fully automatically can.
  • At least one gear is attached to each head carrier, which meshes with a rack arranged parallel to the running rails, that the trolley is at least provided with a gear that meshes with a rack arranged on the crane bridge, that the Crane has a device for the reproducible starting of positions determined by the gears that a laterally guided gripper connected to the lifting device is attached to the trolley, which is rotatable about a vertical axis, that the gripper has two opposing and horizontally arranged couplings has that can be moved against each other and that the couplings are pivotable about a common horizontal axis.
  • the gear wheels attached to the head carriers and to the trolley which mesh with corresponding toothed racks, it is possible to move the crane reproducibly to predetermined locations on the foundry floor.
  • Due to the rigid coupling of the gripper to the trolley which can be e.g. the foundry mold boxes or the weighting weights or ladles, it is possible to accelerate, move and brake the crane bridge and the trolley at relatively high speeds without causing undesired swinging of the object to be transported.
  • the gripper itself which holds the object rigidly between two couplings, can be pivoted about a vertical axis, so that the objects can be rotated.
  • the couplings can be rotated about a horizontal axis, so that the objects, which is particularly necessary in foundry mold boxes, can be turned.
  • the gripper can be raised and lowered via the lifting device of the trolley, so that practically any point on or over the foundry hallway can be approached.
  • At least one coupling of the gripper is connected to a vacuum source via a vacuum line.
  • the foundry mold box is thus connected via the coupling to the vacuum line, so that when the foundry mold box is picked up, it is automatically supplied with negative pressure.
  • the crane according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 has two supports 1 on which supports 2 are supported, which receive the crane rails 3 and toothed racks 4 arranged parallel to these crane supports.
  • the wheels 6 of head carriers 7 roll, which are connected in a known manner via a crane bridge 5.
  • gears 8 are arranged which mesh with the racks 4.
  • the crane bridge 5 can either, as was previously the case, be driven via the rollers 6 of the head carrier 7, in which case the toothed wheels 8 which engage with the toothed racks 4 serve only for positioning the crane bridge 5 relative to the corridor floor 9.
  • the toothed wheels 8 which engage with the toothed racks 4 serve only for positioning the crane bridge 5 relative to the corridor floor 9.
  • a trolley 10 can be moved on running rails 11 on the crane bridge 5.
  • Racks 12 are arranged parallel to the running rails 11, with which toothed wheels 13 arranged on the trolley 10 mesh.
  • the trolley can be driven either via the wheels 14 or via the gears 13.
  • the gearwheels 13 serve to precisely position the trolley on the crane bridge 5.
  • a guide frame 15 is rigidly connected to the trolley 10, in which a guide frame 16 is mounted so that it can be raised and lowered.
  • This guide frame 16 is guided on all sides by guide rollers 17 so that it is connected to the trolley 10 in the direction of movement without vibration.
  • a pivot bearing 19 is used, which carries a gripper 20.
  • the gripper 20 is constructed in cross section in the form of a U-profile, the pivot bearing 19 engaging the back 21 of the U-profile.
  • the pivot bearing 19 engaging the back 21 of the U-profile.
  • the legs 22, 23, horizontally lying couplings 24, 25 are arranged, which lie opposite one another. These couplings are slidable against each other.
  • a piston 26 is attached to each clutch 24, 25, which is acted upon pneumatically or hydraulically and causes an axial displacement of the clutches.
  • a gear 27 is also attached to the clutch 24 and engages with a piston 28 in the form of a toothed rack.
  • the other coupling 25 is hollow and is connected at its free end to a hose 37 which is connected to a line 29 which is connected to a vacuum pump 30. The line 29 is guided through the pivot bearing 19, so that in any position of the gripper relative to the guide frame 16, the mold box 31 held by the couplings 24, 25 can be supplied with vacuum.
  • a rotary coupling 32 is arranged between the coupling 25 and the hose 37, which allows the coupling 25 to move relative to the hose 37. This is necessary so that the molding box 31 can be turned using the gear 27 and the screw 28.
  • the height of the legs 22, 23 of the gripper 20 are dimensioned so large that the molding box 31 and possibly other objects, such as e.g. a ladle, can be rotated freely.
  • the guide frame 16 is held by a rope 33 which is attached to a winch 34.
  • the cable winch 34 is in turn attached to the guide frame 15, which is rigidly connected to the trolley 10. With the help of the cable winch 34, the guide frame 16 and thus the gripper 20 is raised and lowered.
  • two tabs 35 are attached, each having a bore 36.
  • Two centering bolts 38 are attached to the gripper 20 at the same distance from the pivot bearing 19. When the gripper 20 is raised, the centering bolts 38 move into the bores 36 of the tabs 35, so that a pivoting about the pivot bearing during transport. 19 is excluded.
  • a gearwheel 40 is attached which meshes with a drive pinion 41 of a motor 42.
  • the gripper 20 In the lowered state of the guide frame 16, i.e. that is, when the centering bolts 38 are disengaged from the bores 36 of the tab 35, the gripper 20 can be pivoted about the vertical axis.
  • Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a crane designed according to the invention and on the floor 9 with molding and casting stations. These casting stations have a molding machine 52 with the molding stations 54 and 55. With the help of the gripper 20 of the crane, the finished lower mold halves are lifted from the mold station 54, turned through 180 ° so that the mold surface is at the top, and set down at point 59. Likewise, the finished upper box mold half is transported from the molding station 55 to point 59 and placed there on the lower mold box half already located. The mold thus completed is then transported to the individual casting stations 61 and set down.
  • these work stations can be preprogrammed so that the crane automatically transports the mold box halves or the finished casting molds to the individual stations and without the need for manual intervention, and after the casting has taken place to the further processing stations. Furthermore, the casting can also take place automatically with the aid of the crane according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

1. A crane, in particular for use in foundries for moving, turning and transporting objects (31), in particular molds which are under vacuum and produced according to the V-method, with a crane bridge (5) supported by two head supports (7), whose running wheels (6) roll on crane rails (3), and with at least one crane carriage (10) which can be moved on the crane bridge (5) and has a lifting device (34) for the objects (31) to be transported, characterized in that at least one cogwheel (8), which meshes with a rack (4) disposed parallel to the crane rails (3) is attached on each head support (7), in that the crane carriage (10) is provided with at least one cogwheel (13), which meshes with a rack (12) disposed on the crane bridge (5), in that the crane has a device for repeatably moving the positions determined by the cogwheels (8, 13) and racks (4, 12), in that a gripping device (20) connected to the lifting device (34) and laterally guided in all directions is fixed on the crane carriage (10) and is rotatable about a vertical axis (19), in that the gripping device (20) has two couplings (24, 25) which are disposed horizontally and opposite to each other and can be moved towards each other, and in that the couplings are rotatable about a common horizontal axis.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kran, insbesondere für den Einsatz in Gießereien, zum Umsetzen, Wenden und Transportieren von Gegenständen, insbesondere von unter Vakuum stehenden, nach dem V-Verfahren hergestellten Gießereiformen, mit einer von zwei Kopfträgem getragenen Kranbrücke, deren Laufräder auf Kranschienen abrollen und mit mindestens einer auf der Kranbrücke verschiebbaren Laufkatze mit einer Hubeinrichtung für die zu transportierenden Gegenstände.The invention relates to a crane, in particular for use in foundries, for moving, turning and transporting objects, in particular foundry molds that are under vacuum and manufactured using the V-method, with a crane bridge carried by two head supports, the wheels of which roll on crane rails and with at least one trolley movable on the crane bridge with a lifting device for the objects to be transported.

Beim V-Verfahren wird der Gießhohlraum von einer Kunststoffolie begrenzt, die durch einen im Inneren der Gießform erzeugten Unterdruck gegen die aus losem, binderfreiem Formsand gebildete Formmasse gedrückt wird. Dieses Verfahren setzt voraus, daß bis zum Erstarren des Gußstückes der Unterdruck in der Formmasse aufrechterhalten wird. Dieses Verfahren ist z.B. in der Zeitschrift "Gießerei-Praxis" Nr. 23/1974 auf den Seiten 455 ff. beschrieben.In the V process, the casting cavity is delimited by a plastic film, which is pressed against the molding compound formed from loose, binder-free molding sand by a negative pressure generated inside the casting mold. This process assumes that the vacuum in the molding compound is maintained until the casting solidifies. This method is e.g. in the magazine "Gießerei-Praxis" No. 23/1974 on pages 455 ff.

Die vorstehend genannten Krane werden in Gießereien zum Transportieren von Gießereiformen bzw. von Gießereiformhälften, z.B. von der Formerei zu den Gießplätzen, von den Gießplätzen zur Auspackstelle sowie zum Transport leerer Formkästen von der Auspackstelle zurück zur Formerei benötigt. Hierbei müssen die Formkästen bzw. die Formkästenhälften je nach Bedarf gedreht, gewendet, gehoben und gesenkt werden, wobei zusätzlich bei Gießereiformen nach dem V-Verfahren, diese beim Transport an eine Unterdruckquelle angeschlossen sein müssen.The above-mentioned cranes are used in foundries to transport foundry molds or mold halves, e.g. from the molding shop to the casting station, from the casting station to the unpacking station and to transport empty molding boxes from the unpacking station back to the molding shop. Here, the mold boxes or the mold box halves must be rotated, turned, raised and lowered as required, and in addition for foundry molds using the V process, these must be connected to a vacuum source during transport.

In Hochleistungs-Formanlagen, werden diese verschiedenen vorstehend beschriebenen Arbeitsgänge auf verschiedenen Einzelvorrichtungen vollzogen. Dies ist insofern erforderlich, damit hohe Leistungszahlen erreicht werden. Der Transport der Gießerei-Formkästenhälften erfolgt mit Hilfe von Krane, wobei die Fahr-, Hub-, Schwenk- und Drehbewegungen von Hand ausgeführt werden. Darüberhinaus müssen beim Transport die Pendelbewegungen der Last kontrolliert und von Hand gedämpft werden. Für nach dem V-Verfahren erstellte Gießerei-Formkästen müssen die Unterdruckanschlüsse von Hand angeschlossen und wieder abgenommen werden.In high-performance molding plants, these various operations described above are carried out on different individual devices. This is necessary so that high performance figures can be achieved. The foundry mold box halves are transported with the help of cranes, whereby the driving, lifting, swiveling and rotating movements are carried out by hand. In addition, the pendulum movements of the load must be checked and damped by hand during transport. For foundry mold boxes created using the V-process, the vacuum connections must be connected and disconnected by hand.

Die vorstehend beschriebenen Arbeitsgänge sind nicht nur arbeitsintensiv, sondern diese erfordern darüberhinaus ein besonderes Geschick, damit dies in angemessener Zeit durchgeführt werden können.The operations described above are not only labor intensive, they also require special skill so that they can be done in a reasonable amount of time.

Dieselben Arbeitsgänge sind nicht nur beim Transport der Gießereiformen sondern auch beim Transport der Beschwergewichte und vor allem beim Abgießen erforderlich, zumal hier die am Kran hängende Gießpfanne von Hand verschwenkt werden muß, was zum einen wegen der Hitzeentwicklung beschwerlich und zum anderen nicht ungefährlich ist.The same operations are necessary not only when transporting the foundry molds but also when transporting the weight of the weights and especially when pouring, especially since the ladle hanging on the crane has to be swiveled by hand, which is on the one hand cumbersome due to the development of heat and on the other hand not dangerous.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Kran der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß das Transportieren, Umsetzen, Wenden von Gegenständen, insbesondere von nach dem V-Verfahren hergestellter Gießformen ohne manuelle Hilfstätigkeit auszuführen ist, wobei der Ablauf der beschriebenen Vorgänge vollautomatisch vollziehbar sein kann.The invention has for its object to provide a crane of the type mentioned in such a way that the transporting, moving, turning of objects, in particular of molds produced according to the V-process, can be carried out without manual auxiliary activity, the sequence of the processes described being able to be carried out fully automatically can.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß an jedem Kopfträger mindestens ein Zahnrad angebracht ist, das mit einer parallel zu den Laufschienen angeordneten Zahnstange kämmt, daß die Laufkatze zumindest mit einem Zahnrad versehen ist, das mit einer auf der Kranbrücke angeordneten Zahnstange kämmt, daß der Kran eine Einrichtung für das reproduzierbare Anfahren von durch die Zahnräder festgelegten Stellungen aufweist, daß an der Laufkatze ein seitlich allseits geführter, mit der Hubeinrichtung verbundener Greifer befestigt ist, der um eine lotrechte Achse drehbar ist, daß der Greifer zwei einander gegenüberliegende und horizontal angeordnete Kupplungen aufweist, die gegeneinander verfahrbar sind und daß die Kupplungen um eine gemeinsame horizontal liegende Achse schwenkbar sind.This object is achieved in that at least one gear is attached to each head carrier, which meshes with a rack arranged parallel to the running rails, that the trolley is at least provided with a gear that meshes with a rack arranged on the crane bridge, that the Crane has a device for the reproducible starting of positions determined by the gears that a laterally guided gripper connected to the lifting device is attached to the trolley, which is rotatable about a vertical axis, that the gripper has two opposing and horizontally arranged couplings has that can be moved against each other and that the couplings are pivotable about a common horizontal axis.

Mit Hilfe der an den Kopfträgern und an der Laufkatze angebrachten Zahnräder, die mit entsprechenden Zahnstangen kämmen, ist es möglich, den Kran reproduzierbar an vorbestimmte Stellen des Gießereiflures zu verfahren. Durch die starre Ankupplung des Greifers an der Laufkatze, der mit Hilfe der Kupplungen z.B. die Gießerei-Formkästen oder die Beschwergewichte oder Gießpfannen aufnimmt, ist es möglich, die Kranbrücke und auch die Laufkatze mit relativ großen Geschwindigkeiten zu beschleunigen, verfahren und abzubremsen, ohne daß es zu einem unerwünschten Schwingen des zu transportierenden Gegenstandes kommt. Der Greifer selber, der den Gegenstand starr zwischen zwei Kupplungen hält, ist um eine lotrechte Achse schwenkbar, so daß die Gegenstände gedreht werden können. Darüberhinaus sind die Kupplungen um eine horizontal liegende Achse drehbar, so daß die Gegenstände, was insbesondere bei Gießerei-Formkästen erforderlich ist, gewendet werden können. Darüberhinaus ist der Greifer über die Hubeinrichtung der Laufkatze heb- und senkbar, so daß praktisch jede beliebige Stelle auf bzw. über den Gießereiflur angefahren werden kann.With the help of the gear wheels attached to the head carriers and to the trolley, which mesh with corresponding toothed racks, it is possible to move the crane reproducibly to predetermined locations on the foundry floor. Due to the rigid coupling of the gripper to the trolley, which can be e.g. the foundry mold boxes or the weighting weights or ladles, it is possible to accelerate, move and brake the crane bridge and the trolley at relatively high speeds without causing undesired swinging of the object to be transported. The gripper itself, which holds the object rigidly between two couplings, can be pivoted about a vertical axis, so that the objects can be rotated. In addition, the couplings can be rotated about a horizontal axis, so that the objects, which is particularly necessary in foundry mold boxes, can be turned. In addition, the gripper can be raised and lowered via the lifting device of the trolley, so that practically any point on or over the foundry hallway can be approached.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung ist zumindest eine Kupplung des Greifers über eine Unterdruckleitung an eine Unterdruckquelle angeschlossen. Bei der Aufnahme eines Gießerei-Formkastens wird somit über di Kupplung der Gießerei-Formkasten an die Unterdruckleitung angeschlossen, so daß automatisch mit dem Aufnehmen des Gießerei-Formkastens dieser mit Unterdruck versorgt wird.According to a further proposal of the invention, at least one coupling of the gripper is connected to a vacuum source via a vacuum line. When a foundry mold box is received, the foundry mold box is thus connected via the coupling to the vacuum line, so that when the foundry mold box is picked up, it is automatically supplied with negative pressure.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. In dieser zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Kranes, teilweise im schnitt und
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf das in Fig. 1 darstellte Ausführungsbeispiel mit mehreren am Flurboden angeordneten Bearbeitungsstationen für die Gießerei-Formkästen.
An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing. In this show:
  • Fig. 1 is a view of a crane according to the invention, partly in section and
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 with a plurality of processing stations arranged on the floor for the foundry mold boxes.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Kran weist zwei Stützen 1 auf, auf denen sich Träger 2 abstützen, die die Kranschienen 3 und parallel zu diesen Kranstützen angeordnete Zahnstangen 4 aufnehmen. Auf den Kranschienen 3 rollen die Laufräder 6 von Kopfträgern 7, die in bekannter Weise über eine Kranbrücke 5 verbunden sind. Parallel zu einer der Laufrollen 6 jedes Kopfträgers 7 sind Zahnräder 8 angeordnet, die mit den Zahnstangen 4 kämmen.The crane according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 has two supports 1 on which supports 2 are supported, which receive the crane rails 3 and toothed racks 4 arranged parallel to these crane supports. On the crane rails 3, the wheels 6 of head carriers 7 roll, which are connected in a known manner via a crane bridge 5. In parallel to one of the rollers 6 of each head support 7, gears 8 are arranged which mesh with the racks 4.

Die Kranbrücke 5 kann entweder, wie dies bisher üblich war, über die Laufrollen 6 der Kopfträger 7 angetrieben werden, wobei dann die mit den Zahnstangen 4 in Eingriff stehenden Zahnräder 8 nur zur Positionierung der Kranbrücke 5 relativ zum Flurboden 9 dienen. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, die Kranbrücke 5 über die Zahnräder 8 anzutreiben. Diese haben dann zusätzlich die Aufgabe, die Positionierung der Kranbrücke zu gewährleisten.The crane bridge 5 can either, as was previously the case, be driven via the rollers 6 of the head carrier 7, in which case the toothed wheels 8 which engage with the toothed racks 4 serve only for positioning the crane bridge 5 relative to the corridor floor 9. However, it is also conceivable to drive the crane bridge 5 via the toothed wheels 8. These then also have the task of ensuring the positioning of the crane bridge.

Auf der Kranbrücke 5 ist eine Laufkatze 10 auf Laufschienen 11 verfahrbar. Parallel zu den Laufschienen 11 sind Zahnstangen 12 angeordnet, mit denen an der Laufkatze 10 angeordnete Zahnräder 13 kämmen. Die Laufkatze kann entweder über die Laufräder 14 oder über die Zahnräder 13 angetrieben werden. In jedem Fall dienen die Zahnräder 13 zur genauen Positionierung der Laufkatze auf der Kranbrücke 5.A trolley 10 can be moved on running rails 11 on the crane bridge 5. Racks 12 are arranged parallel to the running rails 11, with which toothed wheels 13 arranged on the trolley 10 mesh. The trolley can be driven either via the wheels 14 or via the gears 13. In any case, the gearwheels 13 serve to precisely position the trolley on the crane bridge 5.

Starr mit der Laufkatze 10 ist ein Führungsrahmen 15 verbunden, in dem ein Führungsgestell 16 heb- und senkbar gelagert ist. Dieses Führungsgestell 16 ist allseitig über Führungsrollen 17 geführt, so daß dieses in der Bewegungsrichtung der Laufkatze 10 schwingungsfrei mit dieser verbunden ist.A guide frame 15 is rigidly connected to the trolley 10, in which a guide frame 16 is mounted so that it can be raised and lowered. This guide frame 16 is guided on all sides by guide rollers 17 so that it is connected to the trolley 10 in the direction of movement without vibration.

In der unteren Quertraverse 18 des Führungsgestelles 16 ist ein Drehlager 19 eingesetzt, das einen Greifer 20 trägt.In the lower crossbar 18 of the guide frame 16, a pivot bearing 19 is used, which carries a gripper 20.

Der Greifer 20 ist im Querschnitt in Form - eines U-Profiles aufgebaut, wobei das Drehlager 19 am Rücken 21 des U-Profiles angreift. In den Schenkeln 22, 23 sind horizontal liegende Kupplungen 24, 25 angeordnet, die einander gegenüberliegen. Diese Kupplungen sind gegeneinander verschiebbar ausgebildet. Hierzu ist an jeder Kupplung 24, 25 ein Kolben 26 angebracht, der pneumatisch oder hydraulisch beaufschlagt wird und eine axiale Verschiebung der Kupplungen bewirkt. An der Kupplung 24 ist desweiteren ein Zahnrad 27 angebracht, das mit einem in Form einer Zahnstange ausgebildeten Kolben 28 in Eingriff steht. Die andere Kupplung 25 ist hohl ausgebildet und ist an ihrem freien Ende mit einem Schlauch 37 verbunden, der an eine Leitung 29 angeschlossen ist, die mit einer Vakuumpumpe 30 verbunden ist. Die Leitung 29 ist durch das Drehlager 19 geführt, so daß in jeder beliebigen Stellung des Greifers relativ zum Führungsgestell 16 von den Kuplungen 24, 25 gehaltene Formkasten 31 mit Vakuum versorgt werden kann.The gripper 20 is constructed in cross section in the form of a U-profile, the pivot bearing 19 engaging the back 21 of the U-profile. In the legs 22, 23, horizontally lying couplings 24, 25 are arranged, which lie opposite one another. These couplings are slidable against each other. For this purpose, a piston 26 is attached to each clutch 24, 25, which is acted upon pneumatically or hydraulically and causes an axial displacement of the clutches. A gear 27 is also attached to the clutch 24 and engages with a piston 28 in the form of a toothed rack. The other coupling 25 is hollow and is connected at its free end to a hose 37 which is connected to a line 29 which is connected to a vacuum pump 30. The line 29 is guided through the pivot bearing 19, so that in any position of the gripper relative to the guide frame 16, the mold box 31 held by the couplings 24, 25 can be supplied with vacuum.

Zwischen der Kupplung 25 und dem Schlauch 37 ist eine Drehkupplung 32 angeordnet, die eine Relativbewegung der Kupplung 25 zum Schlauch 37 zuläßt. Dies ist erforderlich, damit der Formkasten 31 mit Hilfe des Zahnrades 27 und der Schnecke 28 gewendet werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck sind die Höhe der Schenkel 22, 23 des Greifers 20 so groß bemessen, daß der Formkasten 31 und ggf. andere Gegenstände, wie z.B. eine Gießpfanne, frei gedreht werden können.A rotary coupling 32 is arranged between the coupling 25 and the hose 37, which allows the coupling 25 to move relative to the hose 37. This is necessary so that the molding box 31 can be turned using the gear 27 and the screw 28. For this purpose, the height of the legs 22, 23 of the gripper 20 are dimensioned so large that the molding box 31 and possibly other objects, such as e.g. a ladle, can be rotated freely.

Das Führungsgestell 16 wird von einem Seil 33 gehalten, das an einer Seilwinde 34 befestigt ist. Die Seilwinde 34 ist ihrerseits auf dem Führungsrahmen 15 angebracht, der starr mit der Laufkatze 10 verbunden ist. Mit Hilfe der Seilwinde 34 wird das Führungsgestell 16 und damit der Greifer 20 angehoben und abgesenkt.The guide frame 16 is held by a rope 33 which is attached to a winch 34. The cable winch 34 is in turn attached to the guide frame 15, which is rigidly connected to the trolley 10. With the help of the cable winch 34, the guide frame 16 and thus the gripper 20 is raised and lowered.

Am unteren Ende des Führungsrahmens 15 sind zwei Laschen 35 befestigt, die je eine Bohrung 36 aufweisen. Im gleichen Abstand zum Drehlager 19 sind auf dem Greifer 20 zwei Zentrierbolzen 38 angebracht. Beim Anheben des Greifers 20 fahren die Zentrierbolzen 38 in die Bohrungen 36 der Laschen 35 ein, so daß beim Transport eine Schwenkung um das Drehlager. 19 ausgeschlossen ist.At the lower end of the guide frame 15, two tabs 35 are attached, each having a bore 36. Two centering bolts 38 are attached to the gripper 20 at the same distance from the pivot bearing 19. When the gripper 20 is raised, the centering bolts 38 move into the bores 36 of the tabs 35, so that a pivoting about the pivot bearing during transport. 19 is excluded.

An dem starr mit dem Greifer 20 verbundenen Teil 39 des Drehlagers 19, das in das Innere des Führungsgestells 16 ragt, ist ein Zahnrad 40 befestigt, das mit einem Antriebsritzel 41 eines Motors 42 kämmt. Im abgesenkten Zustand des Führungsgestelles 16, d.h. also dann, wenn die Zentrierbolzen 38 außer Eingriff in den Bohrungen 36 der Lasche 35 sind, kann der Greifer 20 um die vertikale Achse verschwenkt werden.On the part 39 of the rotary bearing 19 which is rigidly connected to the gripper 20 and projects into the interior of the guide frame 16, a gearwheel 40 is attached which meshes with a drive pinion 41 of a motor 42. In the lowered state of the guide frame 16, i.e. that is, when the centering bolts 38 are disengaged from the bores 36 of the tab 35, the gripper 20 can be pivoted about the vertical axis.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung arbeitet wie folgt:

  • Durch die Zahnstange 4 der Kranbrücke 5 bzw. die Zahnstangen 12 der Laufkatze 10 ist es möglich, den Greifer 20 millimetergenau zu vorbestimmten Positionen des Flurbodens 9 zu verfahren. Da beim Transportvorgang der Greifer 20 starr mit der Laufkatze 10 verbunden ist, kann dieser Transport mit hohen Beschleunigungs- und Bremskräften, d.h. in relativ kunzer Zeit durchgeführt werden. Eine Manipulation des Greifers von Hand ist nicht erforderlich. Mit Hilfe des Motors 42 kann der Greifer um eine lotrechte Achse verschwenkt werden, so daß die Gießformen 31 bzw. eine nicht dargestellte Gießpfanne in die gewünschte Richtung gedreht werden kann. Da darüberhinaus die Kupplungen 24, 25 um eine horizontal liegende Achse drehbar sind, kann z.B. der Formkasten 31 um 180° gewendet werden, wodurch z.B. zwei Formkastenhälften zu einer kompletten Gießform zusammensetzbar sind. Desweiteren kann die Drehbarkeit der Kupplungen dazu benutzt werden, um Gießpfannen zu verschwenken und somit automatisch den Abguß durchzuführen.
A device according to the invention works as follows:
  • By means of the toothed rack 4 of the crane bridge 5 or the toothed racks 12 of the trolley 10, it is possible to move the gripper 20 to predetermined positions of the floor 9 with millimeter precision. Since the gripper 20 is rigidly connected to the trolley 10 during the transport process, this transport can be carried out with high acceleration and braking forces, ie in a relatively short time. Manipulation of the gripper by hand is not necessary. With the help of the motor 42, the gripper can be pivoted about a vertical axis, so that the molds 31 or a ladle, not shown, can be rotated in the desired direction. In addition, since the dome lungs 24, 25 can be rotated about a horizontally lying axis, for example the molding box 31 can be turned through 180 °, whereby, for example, two mold box halves can be assembled into a complete casting mold. Furthermore, the rotatability of the couplings can be used to pivot ladles and thus automatically perform the casting.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf einen erfingungsgemäß ausgebildeten Kran sowie auf den Flurboden 9 mit Form- und Gießstationen. Diese Gießstationen weisen eine Formmaschine 52 mit den Formplätzen 54 und 55 auf. Mit Hilfe des Greifers 20 des Krans werden die fertigen Unterformhälften vom Formplatz 54 abgehoben, um 180° gewendet, damit die Formfläche oben liegt, und im Punkt 59 abgesetzt. Desgleichen wird die feriggestellte Oberkasten-Formhälfte vom Formplatz 55 zum Punkt 59 transportiert und dort auf die bereits befindliche Unter-Formkastenhälfte abgesetzt. Die derart komplettierte Gießform wird dann zu den einzelnen Gießplätzen 61 transportiert und abgesetzt. Durch die bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kran verwendeten Zahnstangen und Zahnräder können diese Arbeitsstationen vorprogrammiert werden, so daß der Kran automatisch, ohne daß manuelle Eingriffe notwendig sind, die Formkastenhälften bzw. die fertigen Gießformen zu den einzelnen Stationen transportieren und nach erfolgtem Abguß zu den Weiterbearbeitungsstationen. Desweiteren kann auch der Abguß mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Krans automatisch erfolgen.Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a crane designed according to the invention and on the floor 9 with molding and casting stations. These casting stations have a molding machine 52 with the molding stations 54 and 55. With the help of the gripper 20 of the crane, the finished lower mold halves are lifted from the mold station 54, turned through 180 ° so that the mold surface is at the top, and set down at point 59. Likewise, the finished upper box mold half is transported from the molding station 55 to point 59 and placed there on the lower mold box half already located. The mold thus completed is then transported to the individual casting stations 61 and set down. Through the racks and gearwheels used in the crane according to the invention, these work stations can be preprogrammed so that the crane automatically transports the mold box halves or the finished casting molds to the individual stations and without the need for manual intervention, and after the casting has taken place to the further processing stations. Furthermore, the casting can also take place automatically with the aid of the crane according to the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A crane, in particular for use in foundries for moving, turning and transporting objects (31), in particular molds which are under vacuum and produced according to the V-method, with a crane bridge (5) supported by two head supports (7), whose running wheels (6) roll on crane rails (3), and with at least one crane carriage (10) which can be moved on the crane bridge (5) and has a lifting device (34) for the objects (31) to be transported, characterized in that at least one cogwheel (8), which meshes with a rack (4) disposed parallel to the crane rails (3) is attached on each head support (7), in that the crane carriage (10) is provided with at least one cogwheel (13), which meshes with a rack (12) disposed on the crane bridge (5), in that the crane has a device for repeatably moving the positions determined by the cog- wheels (8, 13) and racks (4, 12), in that a gripping device (20) connected to the lifting device (34) and laterally guided in all directions is fixed on the crane carriage (10) and is rotatable about a vertical axis (19), in that the gripping device (20) has two couplings (24, 25) which are disposed horizontally and opposite to each other and can be moved towards each other, and in that the couplings are rotatable about a common horizontal axis.
2. A crane according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the couplings (25) is connected to a vacuum source (30) by way of a vacuum line (37, 29).
3. A crane according to claim 2, characterized in that the vacuum source is a vacuum pump (30) connected to the gripping device (20).
4. A crane according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gripping device (20) is rotatably secured to a guide member (16) guided laterally in a guide frame (15), and in that centering bolts (38) are provided on the gripping device (20) and correspondingly formed bores (36) for the centering bolts (38) are provided on the guide frame (15).
5. An apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gripping device (20) is connected to the guide member (16) by way of a vertically disposed pivot bearing (19).
6. A crane according to claim 5, characterized in that the vacuum line (29) is guided through the pivot bearing (19).
7. A crane according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the two couplings (24, 25) is provided with a pivot drive (27, 28).
8. A crane according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pivot drive (27, 28) consists of a rack (28) formed as a piston rod and a pinion (27) connected rotationally rigidly to the coupling (24).
9. A crane according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that both couplings (24, 25) can be displaced towards each other by way of double-acting cylinders (42, 43).
EP80100649A 1980-01-04 1980-02-08 Crane, especially for use in foundries Expired EP0032969B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80100649T ATE5708T1 (en) 1980-01-04 1980-02-08 CRANE, PARTICULARLY FOR USE IN FOUNDRIES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3000176 1980-01-04
DE19803000176 DE3000176A1 (en) 1980-01-04 1980-01-04 CRANE, IN PARTICULAR FOR USE IN FOUNDRIES

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EP0032969A1 EP0032969A1 (en) 1981-08-05
EP0032969B1 true EP0032969B1 (en) 1983-12-28

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EP80100649A Expired EP0032969B1 (en) 1980-01-04 1980-02-08 Crane, especially for use in foundries

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EP (1) EP0032969B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE5708T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3000176A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2075800B1 (en) * 1993-10-14 1998-07-16 Torres Martinez M INSTALLATION FOR THE TRANSPORT AND TURNING OF LARGE PARTS.
DE29618409U1 (en) * 1996-10-22 1997-01-09 HAAS Holzzerkleinerungs- und Fördertechnik GmbH, 56472 Dreisbach Filling system with a mobile filling device
DE19704967C2 (en) * 1997-01-28 1999-08-05 Mannesmann Ag Gantry crane, in particular for the construction of buildings
CN109455482A (en) * 2018-09-14 2019-03-12 广汽丰田汽车有限公司 A kind of automatic transporting suspender
CN109399466B (en) * 2018-12-29 2021-07-13 河南省大方重型机器有限公司 Pressure casting system and pressure casting carrying crane thereof
CN110790191A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-14 安徽省华腾农业科技有限公司 Ice loading and unloading device
CN113003429B (en) * 2021-02-23 2022-12-02 机械工业第九设计研究院股份有限公司 Lifting sling for automobile production line

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DE135047C (en) *
DE154684C (en) * 1903-11-09
AT215634B (en) * 1960-04-28 1961-06-12 Wiener Brueckenbau Deep furnace crane
FR1477359A (en) * 1966-04-26 1967-04-14 Bofors Ab Lifting and turning device for foundry mold frames
US4151922A (en) * 1977-03-14 1979-05-01 Wean United, Inc. Slab cooling device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR588420A (en) * 1924-01-08 1925-05-07 Improvement in the translation maneuver of automatic lifting devices

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE135047C (en) *
DE154684C (en) * 1903-11-09
AT215634B (en) * 1960-04-28 1961-06-12 Wiener Brueckenbau Deep furnace crane
FR1477359A (en) * 1966-04-26 1967-04-14 Bofors Ab Lifting and turning device for foundry mold frames
US4151922A (en) * 1977-03-14 1979-05-01 Wean United, Inc. Slab cooling device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3000176A1 (en) 1981-07-09
ATE5708T1 (en) 1984-01-15
EP0032969A1 (en) 1981-08-05

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