EP0032081B1 - Antenne à faisceau orientable pour satellite de télécommunications - Google Patents

Antenne à faisceau orientable pour satellite de télécommunications Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0032081B1
EP0032081B1 EP80401782A EP80401782A EP0032081B1 EP 0032081 B1 EP0032081 B1 EP 0032081B1 EP 80401782 A EP80401782 A EP 80401782A EP 80401782 A EP80401782 A EP 80401782A EP 0032081 B1 EP0032081 B1 EP 0032081B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
axis
primary source
antenna
waves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80401782A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0032081A1 (fr
Inventor
Jacques Urien
Saint Andre Bruno Vidal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Original Assignee
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Espace Industries SA, Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Publication of EP0032081A1 publication Critical patent/EP0032081A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0032081B1 publication Critical patent/EP0032081B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/195—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface wherein a reflecting surface acts also as a polarisation filter or a polarising device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
    • H01Q3/16—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device
    • H01Q3/20—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device wherein the primary active element is fixed and the reflecting device is movable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to orientable beam antennas and more particularly those intended to be used in space vacuum, on board telecommunications satellites.
  • These antennas include mechanisms involving rolling and sliding friction, the production of which, with the high degree of reliability required of the equipment on board the satellites, constitutes a difficult and expensive problem to solve.
  • the object of the present invention is to obtain a widely orientable antenna from known mechanical components, designed and qualified for operation in a space environment, and used in limited numbers so as to achieve excellent reliability.
  • an orientable beam antenna comprising a fixed primary source, a first reflector receiving the radiation emitted by the primary source with which it is mechanically integral, and a second orientable reflector, receiving the waves reflected by the first reflector, the second reflector being mechanically connected to a cardan device comprising two orthogonal axes of rotation, one of which is supported by a frame integral with the source and the first reflector, and the other orthogonal axis of which serves as a pivot axis for this second reflector, is characterized in that, this antenna being intended to be on board a terrestrial satellite to operate in space vacuum, the primary source is a source offset in off-set in a manner known per se with respect to the effective area of the second reflector so as not to intercept the waves reflected by the first reflector, the connection of the second reflector to the gimbal device is carried out in one side in an area located on its edge, and the other axis is near and parallel to a tangent of the second reflector passing through the points
  • a primary source 1 of electromagnetic radiation having an axis of symmetry 20 is mechanically secured to a frame 8 also supporting an auxiliary reflector 2, the mechanical holding elements of which are not shown for clarity.
  • This reflector is cut from a paraboloid of revolution with apex O (shown in FIG. 2 only) and with focal point F, the latter being contained in the plane of symmetry of the antenna and situated at the mouth of the source. 1.
  • the axis 20, which cuts the reflector 2 at a point A, makes, with the straight line FO connecting the focal point F to the top O, an angle a (fig. 2) according to a conventional assembly called "off-set" in Anglo-Saxon literature.
  • the frame 8 also supports an axis 7 through two ball bearing bearings 15 and 16.
  • This axis 7 pivots (according to arrow 4) a cradle 5 itself supporting an axis 6, orthogonal to the axis 7, through two ball bearings 13 and 14.
  • a main plane reflector 3 is movable around the axis 6. It is mechanically fixed, by its periphery, through two fixing lugs of which only one, 17, is visible in the figure, to the movable elements 11 and 9 constituting respectively the rotors of a motor and a resolver which rotate (according to arrow 18) around this axis 6 of which the stators are integral. Conversely, the rotors of a motor and of a resolver are integral with each end of the axis 7, there corresponds respectively the stators 10 and 12 integral with the frame 8.
  • the auxiliary reflector 2 consists of parallel conducting wires, the diameter and the pitch of which are chosen so as to act as a polarization filter reflecting for the waves having the polarization of those emitted by the source 1, and transparent for those polarized orthogonally with respect to to the previous ones.
  • the planar reflector 3 is made up of equidistant parallel wires of a design similar to those of the reflector 2 but so that the polarization of the reflected waves is then crossed.
  • a ray emitted by the source 1 along the axis 20 is reflected at A by the reflector 2 if it has the correct polarization. It propagates along axis 21 to be reflected along axis 22 with a polarization perpendicular to the previous one allowing it to pass through the reflector 2 without significant attenuation.
  • This axis 22 can take any direction among those possible in a conical portion of the space whose opening angles are respectively proportional to the years deflection plates 23 and 24 defined by the rotation of the corresponding axes 6 and 7.
  • Such a structure comprises, for mobile connections, only commercial mechanical components, that is to say ball bearings designed and qualified for operation in a spatial environment, which avoids major studies of specific devices requiring substantial resources and whose performance does not always correspond to what is expected.
  • ball bearings designed and qualified for operation in a spatial environment, which avoids major studies of specific devices requiring substantial resources and whose performance does not always correspond to what is expected.
  • the structure described is only an example.
  • the reflector 2 can be cut from a parabolic cylinder and associated with a linear source, that is to say wide in a parallel direction instead of the foci of this reflector.
  • the movable reflector 3 is not necessarily planar but can be, for example, parabolic.
  • the network of parallel wires can be replaced by grooves taiJlated in a solid form.
  • the fixed reflector 2 Neither is it necessary for the fixed reflector 2 to act as a polarization filter and therefore for the movable reflector to cause a polarization crossing, insofar as the directions of the space where it is desired to radiate the antenna avoids the beam reflected by the movable reflector 3 from meeting the fixed reflector 2.
  • the kinematic cardan system for two axes can be replaced by a rotation system of a single axis if the scanning limitation of the resulting space is eligible for operation.
  • bearings can be of any other known type, plain bearings for example, insofar as they have the required quality.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP80401782A 1979-12-27 1980-12-12 Antenne à faisceau orientable pour satellite de télécommunications Expired EP0032081B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7931803A FR2472853A1 (fr) 1979-12-27 1979-12-27 Antenne a faisceau orientable et satellite comportant une telle antenne
FR7931803 1979-12-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0032081A1 EP0032081A1 (fr) 1981-07-15
EP0032081B1 true EP0032081B1 (fr) 1986-10-08

Family

ID=9233208

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80401782A Expired EP0032081B1 (fr) 1979-12-27 1980-12-12 Antenne à faisceau orientable pour satellite de télécommunications

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4408209A (https=)
EP (1) EP0032081B1 (https=)
CA (1) CA1169547A (https=)
DE (1) DE3071796D1 (https=)
FR (1) FR2472853A1 (https=)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2268834B (en) * 1980-12-04 1994-06-22 Racal Mesl Ltd Radar arrangements and methods of detecting different types of targets
DE4112837A1 (de) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-22 Teldix Gmbh Zweiachsige schwenkvorrichtung fuer einen reflektor
DE19544500C2 (de) * 1994-12-15 1999-07-08 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Reflektorantenne, insbesondere für einen Kommunikationssatelliten
CA2680849A1 (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-25 Mobile Sat Ltd. A vehicle mounted antenna and methods for transmitting and/or receiving signals
FR2989523B1 (fr) * 2012-04-13 2014-05-02 Thales Sa Antenne a reflecteurs multiples pour satellite de telecommunications
US10024954B1 (en) * 2012-11-05 2018-07-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Integrated axial choke rotary offset parabolic reflector
US9590299B2 (en) 2015-06-15 2017-03-07 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Integrated antenna and RF payload for low-cost inter-satellite links using super-elliptical antenna aperture with single axis gimbal
FR3054732B1 (fr) * 2016-07-26 2020-01-03 Thales Antenne multifaisceaux pointable, satellite de telecommunication et constellation de satellites associes

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867801A (en) * 1953-09-14 1959-01-06 Elliott Brothers London Ltd High frequency radio aerials
GB905440A (en) * 1957-12-18 1962-09-05 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to position control arrangements and aerial systems including such arrangements
US3407404A (en) * 1964-10-05 1968-10-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Directive microwave antenna capable of rotating about two intersecting axes
US3914768A (en) * 1974-01-31 1975-10-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multiple-beam Cassegrainian antenna
US3916416A (en) * 1974-09-24 1975-10-28 Us Navy 360{20 {0 Azimuth scanning antenna without rotating RF joints
US4070678A (en) * 1976-04-02 1978-01-24 Raytheon Company Wide angle scanning antenna assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3071796D1 (en) 1986-11-13
FR2472853A1 (fr) 1981-07-03
CA1169547A (en) 1984-06-19
US4408209A (en) 1983-10-04
EP0032081A1 (fr) 1981-07-15
FR2472853B1 (https=) 1983-09-16

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