EP0027866B1 - Device for locking and unlocking doors - Google Patents

Device for locking and unlocking doors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0027866B1
EP0027866B1 EP80104815A EP80104815A EP0027866B1 EP 0027866 B1 EP0027866 B1 EP 0027866B1 EP 80104815 A EP80104815 A EP 80104815A EP 80104815 A EP80104815 A EP 80104815A EP 0027866 B1 EP0027866 B1 EP 0027866B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
locking
delay
door
switches
actuators
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EP80104815A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0027866A1 (en
Inventor
Harald Collonia
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Mannesmann VDO AG
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Mannesmann VDO AG
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B77/00—Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes
    • E05B77/46—Locking several wings simultaneously
    • E05B77/50—Locking several wings simultaneously by pneumatic or hydraulic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for unlocking and locking doors, in particular motor vehicle doors, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Devices of this type which are also known as central locking systems, can be embodied in detail by various systems.
  • a control unit comprises a two-way valve which can be actuated during each unlocking or locking operation.
  • the outputs of the pump can be connected to the pneumatic actuators via the two-way valve.
  • the control unit also includes a changeover switch for switching the pump on and off, which can be switched over by actuating means which respond with a delay.
  • the switches that can be operated with the door key are connected to the switch.
  • the delay is preferably effected by an additional pneumatic actuator which is connected to an output of the two-way valve and through which the two-way valve and the changeover switch can be actuated (DE-A-2805004).
  • the delay is used here so that the pneumatic actuators can be automatically vented by the device, since the actuators can occupy two stable positions and snap into the respective position. This enables the induction system to be prepared for the next switching operation.
  • the delay element also actuates the two-way valve in order to change it over from the negative pressure position to the positive pressure position or vice versa for the next switching operation.
  • the changeover switch serves to switch off the pump after a certain time predetermined by the delay element, in that the changeover switch connected to the two-way valve is brought into a new switching position.
  • the impulse resulting from the switching process reaches the switch without delay and via it to the pump, which immediately builds up a vacuum or Overpressure starts depending on the operating case. This unlocks all lock mechanisms immediately if they were previously locked, or if they were previously unlocked, locked immediately.
  • the prior art of central locking systems also includes electromotive systems in which the actuating element essentially consists of a motor and a transmission gear which engages with a pinion in a toothed rack for actuating the door lock.
  • a switch on the door lock sets the motor in rotation according to the rotation of the key to the right or left, and this movement is converted into a linear movement of the rack by the gearbox.
  • each door lock coupled with such an actuating element can be locked or unlocked, since the motors of all the actuating elements are connected to one another and to the switches on the door locks designed as double changers with zero position. With this system too, locking and unlocking is practically instantaneous after the door lock has been actuated with the key.
  • the crank drive system in which the control element essentially consists of a motor with a reduction gear and a crank output, also locks and unlocks practically without delay.
  • the control element for the driver or front passenger door there is a changeover switch which is connected directly to the door locking mechanism via the crank.
  • the motor which completely locks and unlocks the locking mechanism, the movement of which was initiated by the key, is set in motion via the changeover switch by turning the key.
  • all other doors and flaps equipped with the control element are locked and unlocked, since the motors of these control elements are electrically connected to one another via the associated changeover switches.
  • a common disadvantage of all these systems is that all locks equipped with locking mechanisms are actuated directly together with the control lock or locks into which the key is inserted and turned. This can be disadvantageous, for example, if the driver wants to have access to the interior of the vehicle at other points than at the driver's door, for example in order to remove objects, through other doors or a tailgate when leaving the car. With the central locking systems that have been customary up to now, he has to open these other doors or the tailgate before actuating the control lock. Therefore, when he can finally lock all the doors, he has to return to the door with the control lock to operate it. This means that the driver may have to travel a few times on the vehicle or forget to lock it completely.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object, based on a device of the type mentioned, to further develop a central locking system in such a way that, while avoiding the above disadvantages, the other doors which the driver does not close or a trunk lid remain accessible until they are opened in the usual way can be. Nevertheless, the central locks be safe, ie accidental locking or locking should be avoided as far as possible.
  • This delay in which a delay is passed on after actuation of one of the switches with the key for locking the locking pulse, can be applied to both electrical and pneumatic systems. It is thus advantageously possible for the driver to lock the vehicle door immediately after leaving the vehicle, in which the switch actuated by the key emits a locking pulse.
  • the locking impulse does not immediately execute the locking process in all other doors and possibly in the tailgate, but only after a reasonable delay.
  • This delay is chosen to be so great that - a desired one of the other doors or the tailgate can be opened comfortably by the driver after he has locked his door.
  • the locking pulse can then take effect at a time that is not critical per se, so that the associated locking mechanisms move into the locking position.
  • the door that was initially opened can then be closed at any time, so that the door, since it is locked, can no longer be opened without authorization.
  • parts of an electrical control unit can also be used for locking.
  • Electrical delay means are preferably provided for the precise setting of the delay time after a locking pulse generated by locking the driver's door affects the locking mechanisms of the other doors.
  • the electrical delay means can be designed in a particularly inexpensive manner as a resistor-capacitor combination.
  • a particularly expedient dimensioning of the device is that the delay means are dimensioned with a delay time of approximately 5 seconds. This dimensioning ensures that normally a driver who has locked his door can still get to all other doors or the tailgate without too much hurry. On the other hand, the delay time is not too great that the other doors or the tailgate can be opened by unauthorized persons after the driver has left the vehicle.
  • 1 denotes a pneumatic line of a single-line system, to which four pneumatic actuators 2, 3, 4 and 5 are connected.
  • Each actuator is housed in a door or tailgate, not shown, and coupled with a door locking mechanism, also not shown.
  • the actuators, together with the door locking mechanisms, are bistable, i.e. they have two stable switch positions.
  • the pneumatic line is fed by a two-way valve 6, which is connected to a pump 7 with an overpressure outlet 8 and a vacuum outlet 9.
  • a pump 7 with an overpressure outlet 8 and a vacuum outlet 9.
  • line 1 is subjected to excess pressure or negative pressure.
  • the piston rod 10 of the two-way valve 6 is actuated by an additional pneumatic actuator 11, which is also connected to the line 1. Since this actuator has a switching point at 0.4 bar, which is higher than the switching points at 0.2 bar of the actuators assigned to the door locking mechanisms, this additional actuator causes a delay in a manner to be described, but this does not result in the delayed forwarding of a Locking pulse is used.
  • the path output of the pneumatic actuator 11 is coupled to the piston rod 10 via a lever 12.
  • a spring 13 also acts on the lever, which causes a snap effect, so that the additional pneumatic actuator also assumes two stable switching positions.
  • the control unit is completed by a changeover switch 14 which is coupled to the piston rod 10 and can accordingly be actuated by the piston rod.
  • a movable contact 15 of the switch is in electrically conductive connection to the pump 7.
  • Fixed contacts 16, 17 of the switch are each connected to a fixed contact 18, 19 or 20, 21 of switches 22, 23 which are designed as door switches.
  • Movable contacts 24, 25 of the switches 22, 23 are connected to a terminal 26 of a current source, the second pole of which is grounded.
  • resistor-capacitor combination In the line 34 between the fixed contacts 18, 19 of the door switches 22, 23 to the fixed contact 17 of the switch there is a resistor-capacitor combination.
  • the resistance-capacitor combination is dimensioned such that when it receives an inrush current at contacts 18, 19, it passes the current on the output side via fixed contact 17 and possibly switched contact 15 of changeover switch 14 to pump 7 in such a way that the latter Only after a delay time of about 5 seconds does such a large vacuum build up in line 1 that the locks are locked by actuators 2 to 5. This period is called delays here understood time, so it can differ from the time constant of the resistor-capacitor combination, but is dependent on this.
  • the actuator 4 interacts with the door switch 24 via an active connection according to the line 33.
  • the pneumatic actuator 11 also receives an overpressure pulse, which, however, then also responds to the actuators 2 to 5 because of the higher switching point.
  • the piston rod 10 is shifted to the left via the lever 12, as a result of which the changeover switch 14 is brought into its other switching position and the circuit to the pump 7 is interrupted.
  • Line 1 with all connected pneumatic actuators is vented via the pump.
  • the vacuum outlet of the pump is now connected to line 1. Now all locks are unlocked and the central locking is prepared for locking by pressing one of the door switches.
  • the circuit is now also closed via the changeover switch 14 to the pump, which, however, will now produce negative pressure in the line 1 because of the position of the two-way valve.
  • the pump does not immediately start at full power, because the resistor-capacitor combination 30, 31 causes the current which drives the pump to increase only after a delay in accordance with the dimensioning of the resistor-capacitor combination after the changeover contact 24 Connects to the contact 18.
  • the actuators therefore initially remain in the position in which the locking mechanisms are unlocked. This time is sufficient to open one of the other doors or the tailgate assigned to these actuators.
  • the low pressure in line 1 disappears again after a delay time predetermined by the actuator 11, as a result of which the piston rod 10 and the changeover switch 14 are again set to the position shown and the pump is switched off.

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  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Einrichtung zum Ent- und Verriegeln von Türen, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugtüren, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for unlocking and locking doors, in particular motor vehicle doors, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Einrichtungen, die auch als Zentralverriegelungen bekannt sind, können im einzelnen durch verschiedene Systeme verkörpert werden.Devices of this type, which are also known as central locking systems, can be embodied in detail by various systems.

Bei einem derartigen bekannten pneumatischen System, welches als Einleitungssystem mit nur einer Leitung zwischen einer Pumpe, die wahlweise Unter- oder Überdruck abgibt, und pneumatischen Stellgliedern ausgebildet ist, umfasst eine Steuereinheit ein bei jedem Ent- bzw. Verriegelungsvorgang betätigbares Zweiwegventil. Die Ausgänge der Pumpe sind über das Zweiwegventil mit den pneumatischen Stellgliedern verbindbar. Ferner gehört zu der Steuereinheit ein Umschalter zum Ein- bzw. Ausschalten der Pumpe, der durch verzögert ansprechende Betätigungsmittel umschaltbar ist. Die mit dem Türschlüssel betätigbaren Schalter sind an den Umschalter angeschlossen. Die Verzögerung wird dabei bevorzugt durch ein zusätzliches pneumatisches Stellglied bewirkt, das an einen Ausgang des Zweiwegventils angeschlossen ist und durch das das Zweiwegventil sowie der Umschalter betätigbar sind (DE-A-2805004). - Die Verzögerung dient hier dazu, dass durch die Einrichtung selbsttätig die pneumatischen Stellglieder entlüftet werden können, da die Stellglieder zwei stabile Lagen einnehmen können und in der jeweils eingenommenen Lage einschnappen. Damit kann das Einleitungssystem für den nächsten Schaltvorgang vorbereitet werden. Das Verzögerungsglied betätigt ferner das Zweiwegventil, um dieses für den nächsten Schaltvorgang von einer Unterdruckstellung in eine Überdruckstellung oder umgekehrt umzusteuern. Schliesslich dient der Umschalter dazu, die Pumpe nach einer gewissen durch das Verzögerungsglied vorgegebenen Zeit abzuschalten, indem der mit dem Zweiwegventil verbundene Umschalter in eine neue Schaltlage gebracht wird. Sobald aber einer der elektrischen Schalter, die mit einem Schloss in Verbindung stehen und durch Betätigung des Schlüssels schaltbar sind, umgeschaltet wird, gelangt der durch den Schaltvorgang entstehende Impuls unverzögert auf den Umschalter und über diesen zu der Pumpe, die sofort zum Aufbau eines Unterdrucks oder Überdrucks je nach Betriebsfall anläuft. Damit werden sofort sämtliche Schlossmechanismen entriegelt, wenn sie vorher verriegelt waren, oder wenn sie zuvor entriegelt waren, sofort verriegelt.In such a known pneumatic system, which is designed as a single-line system with only one line between a pump, which optionally delivers negative pressure or positive pressure, and pneumatic actuators, a control unit comprises a two-way valve which can be actuated during each unlocking or locking operation. The outputs of the pump can be connected to the pneumatic actuators via the two-way valve. The control unit also includes a changeover switch for switching the pump on and off, which can be switched over by actuating means which respond with a delay. The switches that can be operated with the door key are connected to the switch. The delay is preferably effected by an additional pneumatic actuator which is connected to an output of the two-way valve and through which the two-way valve and the changeover switch can be actuated (DE-A-2805004). - The delay is used here so that the pneumatic actuators can be automatically vented by the device, since the actuators can occupy two stable positions and snap into the respective position. This enables the induction system to be prepared for the next switching operation. The delay element also actuates the two-way valve in order to change it over from the negative pressure position to the positive pressure position or vice versa for the next switching operation. Finally, the changeover switch serves to switch off the pump after a certain time predetermined by the delay element, in that the changeover switch connected to the two-way valve is brought into a new switching position. However, as soon as one of the electrical switches, which are connected to a lock and can be switched by actuating the key, is switched, the impulse resulting from the switching process reaches the switch without delay and via it to the pump, which immediately builds up a vacuum or Overpressure starts depending on the operating case. This unlocks all lock mechanisms immediately if they were previously locked, or if they were previously unlocked, locked immediately.

Zum Stand der Technik der Zentralverriegelungen gehören ferner elektromotorische Systeme, bei denen das Stellelement im wesentlichen aus einem Motor und einem Übersetzungsgetriebe besteht, das mit einem Ritzel in eine Zahnstange zur Betätigung des Türschlosses eingreift. Über einen Schalter am Türschloss wird der Motor entsprechend der Drehung des Schlüssels rechts oder links drehend in Bewegung gesetzt, und diese Bewegung wird durch das Getriebe in eine lineare Bewegung der Zahnstange umgesetzt. In der Weise kann jedes mit einem solchen Stellelement gekuppelte Türschloss ver- oder entriegelt werden, da die Motoren sämtlicher Stellelemente untereinander und mit den als Doppelwechsler mit Nullstellung ausgebildeten Schaltern an den Türschlössern in Verbindung stehen. Auch bei diesem System erfolgt das Ver- und Entriegeln praktisch verzögerungsfrei nach Betätigung des Türschlosses mit dem Schlüssel.The prior art of central locking systems also includes electromotive systems in which the actuating element essentially consists of a motor and a transmission gear which engages with a pinion in a toothed rack for actuating the door lock. A switch on the door lock sets the motor in rotation according to the rotation of the key to the right or left, and this movement is converted into a linear movement of the rack by the gearbox. In this way, each door lock coupled with such an actuating element can be locked or unlocked, since the motors of all the actuating elements are connected to one another and to the switches on the door locks designed as double changers with zero position. With this system too, locking and unlocking is practically instantaneous after the door lock has been actuated with the key.

Praktisch verzögerungsfrei ver- und entriegelt auch das Kurbeltriebsystem, bei dem das Stellelement im wesentlichen aus einem Motor mit Untersetzungsgetriebe und einem Kurbelabtrieb besteht. In dem Stellelement für die Fahrer- bzw. Beifahrertür befindet sich ein Wechselschalter, der über die Kurbel direkt mit dem Türverriegelungsmechanismus verbunden ist. Über den Wechselschalter wird durch Drehen des Schlüssels der Motor in Bewegung gesetzt, der die Ver- bzw. Entriegelung des Verriegelungsmechanismus vollständig durchführt, deren Bewegung durch den Schlüssel eingeleitet wurde. Desgleichen werden sämtliche andere mit dem Stellelement ausgestatteten Türen und Klappen ver- und entriegelt, da die Motoren dieser Stellelemente über die zugehörigen Umschalter miteinander elektrisch verbunden sind.The crank drive system, in which the control element essentially consists of a motor with a reduction gear and a crank output, also locks and unlocks practically without delay. In the control element for the driver or front passenger door there is a changeover switch which is connected directly to the door locking mechanism via the crank. The motor, which completely locks and unlocks the locking mechanism, the movement of which was initiated by the key, is set in motion via the changeover switch by turning the key. Likewise, all other doors and flaps equipped with the control element are locked and unlocked, since the motors of these control elements are electrically connected to one another via the associated changeover switches.

Ein gemeinsamer Nachteil aller dieser Systeme besteht darin, dass alle mit Verriegelungsmechanismen ausgerüsteten Schlösser unmittelbar zusammen mit dem Steuerschloss oder den Steuerschlössern betätigt werden, in das der Schlüssel eingeführt und gedreht wird. Dies kann beispielsweise dann nachteilig sein, wenn der Fahrer beim Verlassen des Wagens noch durch andere Türen oder eine Heckklappe Zugang zu dem Innern des Fahrzeugs an anderen Stellen als an der Fahrertür haben möchte, beispielsweise um Gegenstände zu entnehmen. Bei den bisher üblichen Zentralverriegelungen muss er diese anderen Türen oder die Heckklappe öffnen, bevor er das Steuerschloss betätigt. Deswegen muss er aber dann, wenn er endgültig sämtliche Türen verriegeln kann, wieder zu der Tür mit dem Steuerschloss zurückkehren, um dieses zu betätigen. Dies bedeutet, dass der Fahrer unter Umständen einige Male Wege an dem Fahrzeug zurücklegen muss oder das Verriegeln ganz vergessen wird.A common disadvantage of all these systems is that all locks equipped with locking mechanisms are actuated directly together with the control lock or locks into which the key is inserted and turned. This can be disadvantageous, for example, if the driver wants to have access to the interior of the vehicle at other points than at the driver's door, for example in order to remove objects, through other doors or a tailgate when leaving the car. With the central locking systems that have been customary up to now, he has to open these other doors or the tailgate before actuating the control lock. Therefore, when he can finally lock all the doors, he has to return to the door with the control lock to operate it. This means that the driver may have to travel a few times on the vehicle or forget to lock it completely.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ausgehend von einer Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung eine Zentralverriegelung so weiterzubilden, dass unter Vermeidung der voranstehenden Nachteile die anderen Türen, die der Fahrer nicht verschliesst oder eine Kofferraumklappe solange zugänglich bleibt, dass sie in üblicher Weise geöffnet werden können. Gleichwohl soll die Zentralverriegelung sicher sein, d.h. ein Versehen des Abschliessens bzw. Verriegelns soll möglichst vermieden werden.The present invention is therefore based on the object, based on a device of the type mentioned, to further develop a central locking system in such a way that, while avoiding the above disadvantages, the other doors which the driver does not close or a trunk lid remain accessible until they are opened in the usual way can be. Nevertheless, the central locks be safe, ie accidental locking or locking should be avoided as far as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebene Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Diese Verzögerung, bei der nach Betätigen eines der Schalter mit dem Schlüssel zum Verriegeln der Verriegelungsimpuls verzögertweitergeleitet wird, lässt sich sowohl bei elektrischen als auch bei pneumatischen Systemen anwenden. Damit ist es in vorteilhafter Weise möglich, dass der Fahrer sogleich nach Verlassen des Fahrzeugs die Fahrzeugtür abschliesst, in der der durch den Schlüssel betätigte Schalter einen Verriegelungsimpuls abgibt. Der Verriegelungsimpuls führt aber nicht in sämtlichen anderen Türen und gegebenenfalls in der Heckklappe sofort den Verriegelungsvorgang aus, sondern erst nach einer angemessenen Verzögerung. Diese Verzögerung wird so gross gewählt,- dass eine gewünschte der anderen Türen oder die Heckklappe durch den Fahrer bequem geöffnet werden kann, nachdem dieser seine Tür verriegelt hat. Nach dem Öffnen dieser anderen Türen kann dann zu einem an sich unkritischen Zeitpunkt der Verriegelungsimpuls wirksam werden, so dass die zugehörigen Verriegelungsmechanismen in die Verriegelungsstellung fahren. Es kann dann jederzeit anschliessend die zunächst geöffnete Tür geschlossen werden, so dass die Tür, da sie verriegelt ist, nicht mehr unbefugt geöffnet werden kann.This delay, in which a delay is passed on after actuation of one of the switches with the key for locking the locking pulse, can be applied to both electrical and pneumatic systems. It is thus advantageously possible for the driver to lock the vehicle door immediately after leaving the vehicle, in which the switch actuated by the key emits a locking pulse. The locking impulse does not immediately execute the locking process in all other doors and possibly in the tailgate, but only after a reasonable delay. This delay is chosen to be so great that - a desired one of the other doors or the tailgate can be opened comfortably by the driver after he has locked his door. After opening these other doors, the locking pulse can then take effect at a time that is not critical per se, so that the associated locking mechanisms move into the locking position. The door that was initially opened can then be closed at any time, so that the door, since it is locked, can no longer be opened without authorization.

In besonders vorteilhafter Weise können Teile einer elektrischen Steuereinheit zum Verriegeln mitverwendet werden.In a particularly advantageous manner, parts of an electrical control unit can also be used for locking.

Zur genauen Einstellung der Verzögerungszeit, nachdem sich ein durch Abschliessen der Fahrertür erzeugter Verriegelungsimpuls auf die Verriegelungsmechanismen der anderen Türen auswirkt, sind bevorzugt elektrische Verzögerungsmittel vorgesehen.Electrical delay means are preferably provided for the precise setting of the delay time after a locking pulse generated by locking the driver's door affects the locking mechanisms of the other doors.

Die elektrischen Verzögerungsmittel können besonders wenig aufwendig als Widerstands-Kondensator-Kombination ausgebildet sein.The electrical delay means can be designed in a particularly inexpensive manner as a resistor-capacitor combination.

Eine besonders zweckmässige Bemessung der Einrichtung besteht darin, dass die Verzögerungsmittel mit einer Verzögerungszeit von etwa 5 Sekunden dimensioniert sind. Diese Dimensionierung gewährleistet, dass normalerweise ein Fahrer, der seine Tür verriegelt hat, noch an alle anderen Türen oder die Heckklappe ohne zu grosse Hast gelangt. Andererseits ist die Verzögerungszeit nicht zu gross, dass die anderen Türen oder die Heckklappe durch Unbefugte geöffnet werden können, nachdem der Fahrer das Fahrzeug verlassen hat.A particularly expedient dimensioning of the device is that the delay means are dimensioned with a delay time of approximately 5 seconds. This dimensioning ensures that normally a driver who has locked his door can still get to all other doors or the tailgate without too much hurry. On the other hand, the delay time is not too great that the other doors or the tailgate can be opened by unauthorized persons after the driver has left the vehicle.

Eine besonders zweckmässige Anordnung elektrischer Verzögerungsmittel in einem pneumatischen System, das voranstehend als Einleitungssystem beschrieben wurde, ist in dem Patentanspruch 5 angegeben.A particularly expedient arrangement of electrical delay means in a pneumatic system, which was described above as an introduction system, is specified in claim 5.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung erläutert, in der ein Schaltbild der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Einrichtung nach Patentanspruch 5 dargestellt ist.The invention is explained below with reference to a drawing, in which a circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the device according to claim 5 is shown.

In der Zeichnung ist mit 1 eine pneumatische Leitung eines Einleitungssystems bezeichnet, an der vier pneumatische Stellglieder 2, 3, 4 und 5 angeschlossen sind. Jedes Stellglied ist in einer nicht dargestellten Tür bzw. Heckklappe untergebracht und mit einem ebenfalls nicht gezeichneten Türverriegelungsmechanismus gekuppelt. Die Stellglieder wirken zusammen mit den Türverriegelungsmechanismen bistabil, d.h. sie haben zwei stabile Schaltstellungen.In the drawing, 1 denotes a pneumatic line of a single-line system, to which four pneumatic actuators 2, 3, 4 and 5 are connected. Each actuator is housed in a door or tailgate, not shown, and coupled with a door locking mechanism, also not shown. The actuators, together with the door locking mechanisms, are bistable, i.e. they have two stable switch positions.

Die pneumatische Leitung wird durch ein Zweiwegventil 6 gespeist, das an einer Pumpe 7 mit einem Überdruckausgang 8 und einem Unterdruckausgang 9 angeschlossen ist. Je nach der Stellung einer Kolbenstange, die als Steuerelement wirkt, wird die Leitung 1 mit Überdruck oder Unterdruck beaufschlagt.The pneumatic line is fed by a two-way valve 6, which is connected to a pump 7 with an overpressure outlet 8 and a vacuum outlet 9. Depending on the position of a piston rod, which acts as a control element, line 1 is subjected to excess pressure or negative pressure.

Die Kolbenstange 10 des Zweiwegventils 6 wird durch ein zusätzliches pneumatisches Stellglied 11 betätigt, weiches ebenfalls an die Leitung 1 angeschlossen ist. Da dieses Stellglied einen Schaltpunkt bei 0,4 bar, der höher liegt als die Schaltpunkte bei 0,2 bar der den Türverriegelungsmechanismen zugeordneten Stellglieder hat, wird durch dieses zusätzliche Stellglied in noch zu schildernder Weise eine Verzögerung bewirkt, die aber nicht der verzögerten Weiterleitung eines Verriegelungsimpulses dient.The piston rod 10 of the two-way valve 6 is actuated by an additional pneumatic actuator 11, which is also connected to the line 1. Since this actuator has a switching point at 0.4 bar, which is higher than the switching points at 0.2 bar of the actuators assigned to the door locking mechanisms, this additional actuator causes a delay in a manner to be described, but this does not result in the delayed forwarding of a Locking pulse is used.

Im einzelnen ist der Wegausgang des pneumatischen Stellglieds 11 über einen Hebel 12 mit der Kolbenstange 10 gekuppelt. An dem Hebel greift ferner eine Feder 13 an, die einen Schnappeffekt bewirkt, so dass das zusätzliche pneumatische Stellglied ebenfalls zwei stabile Schaltstellungen einnimmt.Specifically, the path output of the pneumatic actuator 11 is coupled to the piston rod 10 via a lever 12. A spring 13 also acts on the lever, which causes a snap effect, so that the additional pneumatic actuator also assumes two stable switching positions.

Die Steuereinheit wird vervollständigt durch einen Umschalter 14, der mit der Kolbenstange 10 gekuppelt ist und dementsprechend durch die Kolbenstange betätigbar ist.The control unit is completed by a changeover switch 14 which is coupled to the piston rod 10 and can accordingly be actuated by the piston rod.

Ein beweglicher Kontakt 15 des Umschalters steht in elektrisch leitender Verbindung zu der Pumpe 7. Feste Kontakte 16, 17 des Umschalters sind an je einen festen Kontakt 18, 19 bzw. 20, 21 von Schaltern 22, 23 angeschlossen, die als Türschalter ausgebildet sind. Bewegliche Kontakte 24, 25 der Schalter 22, 23 stehen mit einer Klemme 26 einer Stromquelle in Verbindung, deren zweiter Pol geerdet ist.A movable contact 15 of the switch is in electrically conductive connection to the pump 7. Fixed contacts 16, 17 of the switch are each connected to a fixed contact 18, 19 or 20, 21 of switches 22, 23 which are designed as door switches. Movable contacts 24, 25 of the switches 22, 23 are connected to a terminal 26 of a current source, the second pole of which is grounded.

In der Leitung 34 zwischen den festen Kontakten 18, 19 der Türschalter 22, 23 zu dem festen Kontakt 17 des Umschalters befindet sich eine Widerstands-Kondensator-Kombination. Die Widerstands-Kondensator-Kombination ist so dimensioniert, dass sie bei Empfang eines Einschaltstromes an den Kontakten 18, 19 den Strom ausgangsseitig über den festen Kontakt 17 und den gegebenenfalls umgeschalteten Kontakt 15 des Umschalters 14 in der Weise an die Pumpe 7 weiterleitet, dass diese erst nach einer Verzögerungszeit von etwa 5 Sekunden einen so grossen Unterdruck in der Leitung 1 aufbaut, dass die Schlösser durch die Stellglieder 2 bis 5 verriegelt werden. Diese Zeitspanne wird hier als Verzögerungszeit verstanden, sie kann sich also von der Zeitkonstante der Widerstands-Kondensator-Kombination unterscheiden, ist aber von dieser abhängig.In the line 34 between the fixed contacts 18, 19 of the door switches 22, 23 to the fixed contact 17 of the switch there is a resistor-capacitor combination. The resistance-capacitor combination is dimensioned such that when it receives an inrush current at contacts 18, 19, it passes the current on the output side via fixed contact 17 and possibly switched contact 15 of changeover switch 14 to pump 7 in such a way that the latter Only after a delay time of about 5 seconds does such a large vacuum build up in line 1 that the locks are locked by actuators 2 to 5. This period is called delays here understood time, so it can differ from the time constant of the resistor-capacitor combination, but is dependent on this.

In der gezeichneten Lage der Schalter mögen sämtliche Türen verriegelt sein. Wird nun beispielsweise der Schalter 22, der der Fahrertür zugeordnet ist, durch einen Türschlüssel betätigt, so wird der Stromkreis zur Pumpe über den Umschalter 14 geschlossen, und die Pumpe läuft an. Diese Position des Schalters 22 ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt. In der gezeichneten Stellung der Kolbenstange 10 steht dabei der Überdruckausgang der Pumpe mit der Leitung 1 über den Ausgang 29 des Zweiwegventils 6 in Verbindung. Sämtliche pneumatischen Stellglieder werden mit Überdruck beaufschlagt. Dadurch werden alle mit den pneumatischen Stellgliedern 2 bis 5 gekuppelten Verriegelungsmechanismen entriegelt, so dass Türen und Klappen geöffnet werden können. Gleichzeitig wird der zweite Türschalter 23 in die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Lage durch die Wirkverbindung zu dem Stellglied 5 gebracht, die durch eine unterbrochene Linie 32 dargestellt ist. In ähnlicher Weise wirkt das Stellglied 4 über eine Wirkverbindung entsprechend der Linie 33 mit dem Türschalter 24 zusammen. - Zugleich mit den Stellgliedern 2 bis 5 erhält auch das pneumatische Stellglied 11 einen Überdruckimpuls, welches dann jedoch gegenüber den Stellgliedern 2 bis 5 wegen des höher liegenden Schaltpunktes verzögert, ebenfalls anspricht. Dadurch wird über den Hebel 12 die Kolbenstange 10 nach links verschoben, wodurch der Umschalter 14 in seine andere Schaltlage gebracht wird und der Stromkreis zur Pumpe 7 unterbrochen wird. Die Leitung 1 mit allen angeschlossenen pneumatischen Stellgliedern wird über die Pumpe entlüftet. Zugleich steht infolge der nach links geschobenen Lage der Kolbenstange jetzt der Unterdruckausgang der Pumpe mit der Leitung 1 in Verbindung. Jetztsind alle Schlösser entriegelt,und dieZentralverriegelung ist zum Verriegeln durch Betätigen eines der Türschalter vorbereitet. Wird nun beispielsweise der Schalter 22 erneut betätigt, um die Verriegelung durchzuführen, so wird jetzt ebenfalls der Stromkreis über den Umschalter 14 zu der Pumpe geschlossen, die jedoch jetzt wegen der Stellung des Zweiwegventils Unterdruck in der Leitung 1 erzeugen wird. Jedoch läuft die Pumpe nicht sogleich mit voller Leistung an, da durch die Widerstands-Kondensator-Kombination 30, 31 der Strom, der den Antrieb der Pumpe bewirkt, nur verzögert entsprechend der Dimensionierung der Widerstands-Kondensator-Kombination ansteigt, nachdem der Umschaltkontakt 24 die Verbindung zu dem Kontakt 18 herstellt. Es verharren also zunächst die Stellglieder in der Lage, in der die Verriegelungsmechanismen entriegelt sind. Diese Zeit reicht aus, um noch eine der anderen Türen oder die Heckklappe, die diesen Stellgliedern zugeordnet sind, zu öffnen. Nach Ablauf der durch die Dimensionierung der Widerstands-Kondensator-Kombination eingestellten Verzögerungszeit wird in der Leitung 1 ein genügender Unterdruck aufgebaut, durch den sämtliche Stellglieder 2 bis 5 und das zusätzliche Stellglied 11 zusätzlich verzögert umgeschaltet werden und sämtliche Schlösser verriegelt werden. Die geöffnete Tür oder Heckklappe kann jetzt zugeschlagen werden, wobei das Schloss verriegelt bleibt.In the drawn position of the switches, all doors may be locked. If, for example, the switch 22, which is assigned to the driver's door, is actuated by a door key, the circuit to the pump is closed via the changeover switch 14, and the pump starts. This position of the switch 22 is shown in the drawing. In the drawn position of the piston rod 10, the overpressure outlet of the pump is connected to the line 1 via the outlet 29 of the two-way valve 6. All pneumatic actuators are pressurized. This unlocks all locking mechanisms that are coupled to the pneumatic actuators 2 to 5, so that doors and flaps can be opened. At the same time, the second door switch 23 is brought into the position shown in the drawing by the operative connection to the actuator 5, which is shown by a broken line 32. In a similar way, the actuator 4 interacts with the door switch 24 via an active connection according to the line 33. - At the same time as the actuators 2 to 5, the pneumatic actuator 11 also receives an overpressure pulse, which, however, then also responds to the actuators 2 to 5 because of the higher switching point. As a result, the piston rod 10 is shifted to the left via the lever 12, as a result of which the changeover switch 14 is brought into its other switching position and the circuit to the pump 7 is interrupted. Line 1 with all connected pneumatic actuators is vented via the pump. At the same time, due to the position of the piston rod pushed to the left, the vacuum outlet of the pump is now connected to line 1. Now all locks are unlocked and the central locking is prepared for locking by pressing one of the door switches. If, for example, the switch 22 is now actuated again to carry out the locking, the circuit is now also closed via the changeover switch 14 to the pump, which, however, will now produce negative pressure in the line 1 because of the position of the two-way valve. However, the pump does not immediately start at full power, because the resistor-capacitor combination 30, 31 causes the current which drives the pump to increase only after a delay in accordance with the dimensioning of the resistor-capacitor combination after the changeover contact 24 Connects to the contact 18. The actuators therefore initially remain in the position in which the locking mechanisms are unlocked. This time is sufficient to open one of the other doors or the tailgate assigned to these actuators. After the delay time set by dimensioning the resistor-capacitor combination, a sufficient negative pressure is built up in line 1, by means of which all actuators 2 to 5 and the additional actuator 11 are additionally switched with a delay and all locks are locked. The open door or tailgate can now be slammed shut while the lock remains locked.

Der Unterdurck in der Leitung 1 verschwindet wieder nach einer durch das Stellglied 11 vorgegebenen Verzögerungszeit, wodurch die Kolbenstange 10 und der Umschalter 14 wieder in die gezeichnete Lage eingestellt und die Pumpe abgeschaltet werden.The low pressure in line 1 disappears again after a delay time predetermined by the actuator 11, as a result of which the piston rod 10 and the changeover switch 14 are again set to the position shown and the pump is switched off.

Sämtliche Schaltelemente sind dann zu einem neuen Schliessvorgang - jetzt zum Entriegeln - bereit.All switching elements are then ready for a new closing process - now for unlocking.

Claims (5)

1. Device for locking and unlocking doors, in particular motor vehicle doors, having electrical switches (22, 23), which are located in the individual lockable doors and which can be operated by means of a key, and actuators (2-5) which act on the individual door-locking mechanism of each door and are, if appropriate via a control unit, operatively connected to the electrical switches (22, 23), characterised in that delay means (30, 31) are inserted into the operative connection (line 34) between the electrical switches (22, 23) and the actuators (2-5), which delay means, when one of the switches is operated with the key for locking, transmit the locking pulse with a delay, so that the actuators (2-5) operate only after a previously fixed delay period.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that electrical delay means (30, 31) are provided.
3. Device according to Claim 2, characterised in that the electrical delay means are designed as a resistor/capacitor combination (30,31).
4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the delay means are sized for a total delay period of about five seconds.
5. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, having a control unit which is connected to a pump (7) which provides reduced pressure and excess pressure and the outputs (8, 9) of which can be connected via a two-way valve (6), which can be actuated during each unlocking or locking step, to pneumatic actuators (2-5), the control comprising a change-over switch (14) for switching the pump (7) on or off, which change-over switch can be switched over by actuating means responding with a delay, and the switches (22, 23) which can be operated with the door key being connected to the change-over switch (14), characterised in that the electrical delay means (30, 31) for the delayed transmission of the locking pulse are arranged in a line (34) between the switches (22, 23), which can be operated with the door keys, and the change-over switch (14).
EP80104815A 1979-10-24 1980-08-14 Device for locking and unlocking doors Expired EP0027866B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2942852 1979-10-24
DE19792942852 DE2942852A1 (en) 1979-10-24 1979-10-24 DEVICE FOR UNLOCKING AND LOCKING DOORS

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EP0027866A1 EP0027866A1 (en) 1981-05-06
EP0027866B1 true EP0027866B1 (en) 1983-01-12

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EP80104815A Expired EP0027866B1 (en) 1979-10-24 1980-08-14 Device for locking and unlocking doors

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DE3226295A1 (en) * 1982-07-14 1984-01-19 Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Actuator
DE3243411C2 (en) * 1982-11-24 1985-12-12 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Pneumatic central locking system for the doors, flaps or the like of a motor vehicle
US4592453A (en) * 1984-03-27 1986-06-03 Ilco Unican Inc. Lock actuator assembly
DE3442894A1 (en) * 1984-11-24 1986-05-28 SWF Auto-Electric GmbH, 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen OPERATING DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR FOR LOCKING AND UNLOCKING MOTOR VEHICLE DOORS
US4727735A (en) * 1986-12-08 1988-03-01 General Motors Corporation Electropneumatic power door lock control for motor vehicle
DE4015268C1 (en) * 1990-05-12 1991-09-26 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De

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US3309664A (en) * 1964-05-28 1967-03-14 Walter E Deutsch Vehicle automatic door lock and indicator device
US3623131A (en) * 1970-05-19 1971-11-23 Carl D Russell Combination time delay and self-actuating voltage level protective circuit for vehicular electrical systems
US4013930A (en) * 1975-10-20 1977-03-22 Wico Corporation Electronic door lock
DE2805004A1 (en) * 1978-02-06 1979-08-09 Vdo Schindling DEVICE FOR UNLOCKING AND LOCKING DOORS, IN PARTICULAR MOTOR VEHICLE DOORS

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EP0027866A1 (en) 1981-05-06
DE3061630D1 (en) 1983-02-17
DE2942852A1 (en) 1981-05-07

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