EP0027092A1 - Spacing grid for tubular bundles - Google Patents

Spacing grid for tubular bundles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0027092A1
EP0027092A1 EP80401438A EP80401438A EP0027092A1 EP 0027092 A1 EP0027092 A1 EP 0027092A1 EP 80401438 A EP80401438 A EP 80401438A EP 80401438 A EP80401438 A EP 80401438A EP 0027092 A1 EP0027092 A1 EP 0027092A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grooves
tubes
face
sheet
series
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80401438A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0027092B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Batistoni
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Areva NP SAS
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Framatome SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Framatome SA filed Critical Framatome SA
Publication of EP0027092A1 publication Critical patent/EP0027092A1/en
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Publication of EP0027092B1 publication Critical patent/EP0027092B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0135Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by grids having only one tube per closed grid opening

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spacer grid for tubular bundles, more particularly intended by way of example for tubular bundles of steam generators of nuclear power plants.
  • the steam generators of pressurized water nuclear power plants comprise a long tube bundle, straight or U-shaped, traversed by the primary fluid coming from the reactor core, and bathed by the secondary fluid which enters in liquid form to exit under form of vapor after having taken a significant part of the calories from the primary fluid.
  • the tubes are generally held radially at several points by retaining and spacing grids.
  • each tube passage orifice has only three or four cir incomplete rings with a diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the tube, and between them are openings which constitute zones for the passage of the secondary fluid.
  • Such embodiments improve the circulation of the secondary fluid and limit the risks of corrosion, but require broaching machining, which is expensive and requires the use of special machine tools.
  • the present invention allows the production of spacer grids of low manufacturing cost thanks to simple machining, without tight tolerances, and achievable on conventional machines, while ensuring good rigidity of the assembly, good support of the tubes and a large section. secondary fluid passage.
  • the spacer grid is constituted by a flat sheet having on each face a series of parallel grooves, of different direction for each face, with depths of grooves, respectively relative to each face, such that their sum is greater than l sheet thickness, the number, the pitch and the width of the grooves being determined as a function of the corresponding characteristics of the tube bundle.
  • Figure 1 shows the angle of a thick sheet machined according to the invention to form a spacer grid. It is to facilitate the drawing and the description that a part of a rectangular sheet has been shown here, but of course, in particular for use in a steam generator, the outline of the sheet before machining will be more often circular.
  • the sheet 1 On its upper face the sheet 1 is here hollowed out by a series of parallel grooves with a U-shaped profile 2. On the lower face it is also hollowed out by a series of parallel grooves with an inverted U-shaped profile 3, the directions of the grooves 2 and 3 being perpendicular.
  • the depths of the grooves 2 and 3 are here greater than the half thickness of the sheet, so that there is interpenetration of the grooves and appearance of lights 5 at their intersections. If, as here, the grooves 2 and 3 are equidistant, of the same width and perpendicular, a regular network of orifices 5 is obtained, the profile of which is square when the sheet is viewed perpendicularly to one or the other of its faces.
  • the sheet thus perforated remains a single piece, therefore particularly rigid, and is presented as the superposition with offset of two crossed networks of parallel bars 7 and 8, rigidly joined by connecting parts 9.
  • the two series of grooves can be made on entirely conventional machine tools such as planers or milling machines, and with completely standard tools, that is to say under very economical conditions of production.
  • the passage sections between bars on the lower and upper faces of the spacer only depend on the characteristics of the tubes, that is to say on their pitch and their diameter; on the other hand the passage section inside the spacer depends on the relative values of the groove depths and the thickness of the raw sheet, so that the choice of these various parameters will depend on the residual section that is will want to leave the bars 7 and 8, that is to say the importance of the radial forces that we want to make them bear.
  • FIG. 8 schematically illustrates an embodiment, for a triangular mesh of the tubes, where the two series of grooves instead of being perpendicular are inclined at 60 °; the tube passage orifices then have, seen from above, a diamond shape.

Abstract

1. Bracing structure for the tubular bundle of a heat exchanger for maintaining the transverse position of the tubes (11) whilst allowing longitudinal circulation of the fluid which contacts the outer surface of the tubes, characterised by the fact that it comprises a flat metal sheet (1) each face of which includes a series of parallel grooves (2, 3) having different directions for each face, the depths of said grooves (2, 3) respectively, relative to each face being such that their sum is greater than the thickness of said sheet (1), the number, spacing and width of the said grooves (2, 3) being determined as a function of the corresponding characteristics of the tubular bundle.

Description

La présente invention concerne une grille entretoise pour faisceaux tubulaires, plus particulièrement destinée à titre d'exemple aux faisceaux tubulaires des générateurs de vapeur de centrales nucléaires.The present invention relates to a spacer grid for tubular bundles, more particularly intended by way of example for tubular bundles of steam generators of nuclear power plants.

Les générateurs de vapeur de centrales nucléaires à eau préssuri- sée comportent un faisceau tubulairede grande longueur, droit ou en U, parcouru par le fluide primaire en provenance du coeur du réacteur, et baigné par le fluide secondaire qui entre sous forme liquide pour ressortir sous forme de vapeur après avoir prélevé une part importante des calories du fluide primaire.The steam generators of pressurized water nuclear power plants comprise a long tube bundle, straight or U-shaped, traversed by the primary fluid coming from the reactor core, and bathed by the secondary fluid which enters in liquid form to exit under form of vapor after having taken a significant part of the calories from the primary fluid.

Pour un fonctionnement correct et à bon rendement d'un tel échangeur il est nécessaire que, quelles que soient les contraintes thermiques, les tubes longs et fins du faisceau soient bien maintenus à leur espacement optimal, et qu'en même temps la circulation du fluide secondaire autour du faisceau puisse s'effectuer sans perte de charge importante.For correct and efficient operation of such an exchanger, it is necessary that, whatever the thermal constraints, the long and thin tubes of the bundle are well maintained at their optimal spacing, and at the same time the circulation of the fluid secondary around the beam can be carried out without significant pressure drop.

Pour cela, et plus particulièrement encore dans le cas des faisceaux tubulaires en U, les tubes sont généralement maintenus radialement en plusieurs points par des grilles de maintien et d'espacement.For this, and more particularly still in the case of U-shaped tubular bundles, the tubes are generally held radially at several points by retaining and spacing grids.

Les grilles les plus classiques sont constituées par une simple tôle plane percée de trous, au pas du faisceau des tubes et de diamètre légèrement supérieur au diamètre extérieur de ceux-ci, pour tenir.com- pte des inévitables défauts d'alignement lors du montage du générateur. Ces grilles comportent en outre un maillage d'orifices supplémentaires pour la circulation du fluide secondaire ; on s'efforce bien entendu de conserver entre les orifices des sections suffisantes pour résister aux efforts radiaux, si bien que les sections de passage du fluide restent relativement faibles et restreignent sa circulation. En outre cette solution facilite l'apparition d'une corrosion dans les zones de transition entre la zone d'appui réel du tube sur l'entretoise et la zone en croissant où apparait le jeu dû aux différences de diamètres.Most conventional grids are constituted by a single flat sheet apertured the pitch of the tubes of the bundle and of diameter slightly greater than the outer diameter thereof, for tenir.com - pte inevitable misalignments during assembly of the generator. These grids further comprise a mesh of additional orifices for the circulation of the secondary fluid; of course, an effort is made to keep sections sufficient to withstand the radial forces between the orifices, so that the fluid passage sections remain relatively small and restrict its circulation. In addition, this solution facilitates the appearance of corrosion in the transition zones between the actual bearing zone of the tube on the spacer and the crescent zone where the clearance appears due to the differences in diameters.

On a pu améliorer les grilles planes perforées en réalisant des orifices trifoliés ou quadrifoliés par exemple, dans lesquelles chaque orifice de passage de tube ne comporte que trois ou quatre portées circulaires incomplètes de diamètre légèrement supérieur au diamètre extérieur du tube, et entre celles-ci sont formés des épanouissements qui constituent des zones de passage du fluide secondaire. De telles réalisations améliorent la circulation du fluide secondaire et limitent les risques de corrosion, mais nécessitent des usinages par brochage, ce qui est coûteux et exige l'utilisation de machines outils spéciales.We have been able to improve the perforated plane grids by making trifoliated or quadrifolated orifices for example, in which each tube passage orifice has only three or four cir incomplete rings with a diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the tube, and between them are openings which constitute zones for the passage of the secondary fluid. Such embodiments improve the circulation of the secondary fluid and limit the risks of corrosion, but require broaching machining, which is expensive and requires the use of special machine tools.

On a encore réalisé des grilles complexes, composées de plusieurs réseaux de barres parallèles superposées et croisées pour former un maillage enserrant les tubes. Les réseaux doivent alors être assemblés entre eux par assemblage mécanique ou par soudure. On obtient ainsi un système permettant de bonnes conditions de circulation du fluide secondaire. Mais la nécessité de nombreux assemblages délicats accroit la difficulté du montage et son coût ; en outre ces systèmes ne donnent pas tous entière satisfaction pour la reprise des efforts latéraux.Complex grids were also produced, composed of several networks of parallel bars superimposed and crossed to form a mesh enclosing the tubes. The networks must then be assembled together by mechanical assembly or by welding. A system is thus obtained allowing good conditions for the circulation of the secondary fluid. But the need for many delicate assemblies increases the difficulty of assembly and its cost; furthermore, these systems are not all entirely satisfactory for resuming lateral forces.

La présente invention permet la réalisation de grilles entretoises de faible coût de fabrication grâce à des usinages simples, sans tolérances serrées, et réalisables sur machines classiques, tout en assurant une bonne rigidité de l'ensemble, un bon maintien des tubes et une grande section de passage du fluide secondaire.The present invention allows the production of spacer grids of low manufacturing cost thanks to simple machining, without tight tolerances, and achievable on conventional machines, while ensuring good rigidity of the assembly, good support of the tubes and a large section. secondary fluid passage.

Selon l'invention la grille entretoise est constituée par une tôle plane présentant sur chaque face une série de rainures parallèles, de direction différente pour chaque face, avec des profondeurs de rainures, respectivement relatives à chaque face, telles que leur somme soit supérieure à l'épaisseur de la tôle, le nombre, le pas et la largeur des rainures étant déterminés en fonction des caractéristiques correspondantes du faisceau tubulaire.According to the invention, the spacer grid is constituted by a flat sheet having on each face a series of parallel grooves, of different direction for each face, with depths of grooves, respectively relative to each face, such that their sum is greater than l sheet thickness, the number, the pitch and the width of the grooves being determined as a function of the corresponding characteristics of the tube bundle.

L'invention sera mieux comprise en se référant à des modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemples et représentés par les dessins annexés.The invention will be better understood by referring to embodiments given by way of examples and represented by the appended drawings.

  • La figure 1 est une vue7perspective cavalière d'une portion de grille entretoise réalisée selon l'invention.Figure 1 is a perspective perspective view of a spacer grid portion produced according to the invention.
  • La figure 2 est une coupe selon II-II de la figure 1.Figure 2 is a section on II-II of Figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une coupe selon III-III de la figure 1.Figure 3 is a section on III-III of Figure 1.
  • la figure 4 est une coupe selon IV-IV de la figure 1.Figure 4 is a section on IV-IV of Figure 1.
  • La figure 5 est une vue partielle homologue de la figure 1 dans laquelle les tubes sont représentés en place dans l'entretoise.Figure 5 is a partial homologous view of Figure 1 in which the tubes are shown in place in the spacer.
  • Les figures 6, 7 et 8 représentent plus schématiquement des variantes de réalisation.Figures 6, 7 and 8 show more schematically alternative embodiments.

On se référera tout d'abord à l'ensemble des figures 1 à 4, où la figure 1 montre l'angle d'une tôle épaisse usinée selon l'invention pour former une grille entretoise. C'est pour faciliter le dessin et la description que l'on a représenté ici une partie d'une tôle rectangulaire, mais bien entendu, en particulier pour l'utilisation dans un générateur de vapeur, le contour de la tôle avant usinage sera le plus souvent circulaire.We will first refer to all of Figures 1 to 4, where Figure 1 shows the angle of a thick sheet machined according to the invention to form a spacer grid. It is to facilitate the drawing and the description that a part of a rectangular sheet has been shown here, but of course, in particular for use in a steam generator, the outline of the sheet before machining will be more often circular.

Sur sa face supérieure la tôle 1 est ici creusée par une série de rainures parallèles à profil 2 en forme de U. Sur la face inférieure elle est également creusée par une série de rainures parallèles à profil 3 en U renversé, les directions des rainures 2 et 3 étant perpendiculaires. Les profondeurs des rainures 2 et 3 sont ici supérieures à la demi- épaisseur de la tôle, si bien qu'il y a interpénétration des rainures et apparition de lumières 5 à leurs intersections. Si comme ici les rainures 2 et 3 sont équidistantes, de même largeur et perpendiculaires, on obtient un réseau régulier d'orifices 5 dont le profil est carré lorsqu'on regarde la tôle perpendiculairement à l'une ou l'autre de ses faces.On its upper face the sheet 1 is here hollowed out by a series of parallel grooves with a U-shaped profile 2. On the lower face it is also hollowed out by a series of parallel grooves with an inverted U-shaped profile 3, the directions of the grooves 2 and 3 being perpendicular. The depths of the grooves 2 and 3 are here greater than the half thickness of the sheet, so that there is interpenetration of the grooves and appearance of lights 5 at their intersections. If, as here, the grooves 2 and 3 are equidistant, of the same width and perpendicular, a regular network of orifices 5 is obtained, the profile of which is square when the sheet is viewed perpendicularly to one or the other of its faces.

La tôle ainsi ajourée reste une pièce monobloc, donc particulièrement rigide, et se présente comme la superposition avec décalage de deux réseaux croisés de barres parallèles 7 et 8, rigidement réunies par des parties de liaison 9. On notera que les deux séries de rainures peuvent être faites sur des machines outils tout à fait classiques comme des raboteuses ou des fraiseuses, et avec des outillages tout à fait usuels, c'est à dire dans des conditions très économiques de réalisation.The sheet thus perforated remains a single piece, therefore particularly rigid, and is presented as the superposition with offset of two crossed networks of parallel bars 7 and 8, rigidly joined by connecting parts 9. It will be noted that the two series of grooves can be made on entirely conventional machine tools such as planers or milling machines, and with completely standard tools, that is to say under very economical conditions of production.

On a donc ainsi réalisé, à faible coût, une grille entretoise qui fonctionnellement se comporte pomme les grilles complexes mentionnées plus haut, et qui comme celles-ci permet un bon écoulemsnt du fluide secondaire. On pourra maintenant se reporter à la figure 5, qui correspond à une partie de la figure 1, mais avec des tubes 11 engagés dans les lumières 5 de la plaque. Dans la partie supérieure de la plaque les tubes 11 sont tenus entre les barres parallèles 7 ; dans la partie inférieure ils sont tenus entre les barres 8. On voit que dans le plan de la face supérieure de la grille entretoise, la section libre de passage du fluide secondaire autour d'un tube correspond à la surface comprise entre le rectangle 13 tracé en traits mixtes, et le cercle 14, également en traits mixtes et qui représente le contour extérieur du tube. Il en est de même dans le plan de la face inférieure, où le rectangle serait alors de même surface mais orienté à 90° par rapport au rectangle 13. On voit que cette surface est relativement importante, et considérée comme suffisante pour que.les deux réseaux de barres 7 et 8 ne constituent pas un obstacle à .la circulation du fluide secondaire. Dans la zone comprise entre les deux faces de la grille, la section de passage est également importante puisqu'elle correspond aux parties ajourées dans les parois latérales de chaque rainure. On notera par ailleurs que les sections de passage entre barres sur les faces inférieure et supérieure de l'entretoise ne dépendent que des caractéristiques des tubes, c'est à dire de leur pas et de leur diamètre ; par contre la section de passage à l'intérieur de l'entretoise dépend des valeurs relatives des profondeurs de rainures et de l'épaisseur de la tôle brute, si bien que le choix de ces divers paramètres dépendra de la section résiduelle que l'on voudra laisser aux barres 7 et 8, c'est à dire de l'importance des efforts radiaux que l'on voudra leur faire supporter.Thus, at low cost, a spacer grid was produced which functionally behaves like the complex grids mentioned above, and which, like these, allows good flow of the secondary fluid. We can now refer to Figure 5, which corresponds to a part of Figure 1, but with tubes 11 engaged in the slots 5 of the plate. In the upper part of the plate, the tubes 11 are held between the parallel bars 7; in the lower part they are held between the bars 8. It can be seen that in the plane of the upper face of the spacer grid, the free cross-section of the secondary fluid around a tube corresponds to the surface between the rectangle 13 traced in phantom, and the circle 14, also in phantom and which represents the outer contour of the tube. It is the same in the plane of the lower face, where the rectangle would then be the same surface but oriented at 90 ° relative to the rectangle 13. It can be seen that this surface is relatively large, and considered to be sufficient so that the two arrays of bars 7 and 8 do not constitute an obstacle to the circulation of the secondary fluid. In the area between the two faces of the grid, the passage section is also important since it corresponds to the perforated parts in the side walls of each groove. It will also be noted that the passage sections between bars on the lower and upper faces of the spacer only depend on the characteristics of the tubes, that is to say on their pitch and their diameter; on the other hand the passage section inside the spacer depends on the relative values of the groove depths and the thickness of the raw sheet, so that the choice of these various parameters will depend on the residual section that is will want to leave the bars 7 and 8, that is to say the importance of the radial forces that we want to make them bear.

Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas strictement limitée au mode de réalisation qui a été décrit à titre d'exemple, mais elle couvre également les réalisations qui n'en différeraient que par des détails, par des variantes d'exécution, ou par l'utilisation de moyens équivalents.Of course, the invention is not strictly limited to the embodiment which has been described by way of example, but it also covers the embodiments which would differ from it only in details, in variant embodiments, or in the use of equivalent means.

Ainsi il n'est pas strictement nécessaire que les deux séries de rainures soient de même profnndeur, et il suffit pour faire apparaitre les lumières nécessaires au passage des tubes que la somme des profondeurs de chaque série soit supérieure à l'épaisseur initiale de la tôle. Une inégalité dans les profondeurs de rainures conduirait à une inégalité d'épaisseur des barres 7 et 8, ce qui peut être recherché si les efforts transversaux risquent d'être prépondérants dans une certaine direction.Thus it is not strictly necessary that the two series of grooves are of the same depth, and it is sufficient to make the lights necessary for the passage of the tubes appear that the sum of the depths of each series is greater than the initial thickness of the sheet . An inequality in the depths of grooves would lead to an inequality in the thickness of the bars 7 and 8, which can be sought if the transverse forces are likely to be predominant in a certain direction.

Parmi les diverses variantes de détail possibles on pourrait aussi prévoir de petits usinages simples complémentaires, destinés par exemple à mieux guider les tubes comme sur la figure 6, ou encore à augmenter légèrement les sections de passage du fluide comme sur la figure 7.Among the various possible variants of detail, it would also be possible to provide small complementary simple machining operations, intended for example to better guide the tubes as in FIG. 6, or else to slightly increase the cross-sections of the fluid as in FIG. 7.

On pourrait encore imaginer de nombreuses variantes en jouant sur la direction, le pas ou les largeurs relatives des rainures. La figure 8 illustre schématiquement une réalisation, pour un maillage triangulaire des tubes, où les deux séries de rainures au lieu d'être perpendiculaires sont inclinées à 60° ; les orifices de passage de tubes ont alors, vu de dessus, une forme de losange.We could still imagine many variations by playing on the direction, the pitch or the relative widths of the grooves. FIG. 8 schematically illustrates an embodiment, for a triangular mesh of the tubes, where the two series of grooves instead of being perpendicular are inclined at 60 °; the tube passage orifices then have, seen from above, a diamond shape.

On pourrait aussi prévoir de créer des zones plus rigides en supprimant localement quelques rainures, ou de faciliter encore la circulation du fluide secondaire en profilant les bords externes des barres 7 et 8.One could also plan to create more rigid zones by locally eliminating some grooves, or to further facilitate the circulation of the secondary fluid by profiling the external edges of the bars 7 and 8.

Enfin, et sans que ceci ne limite les variantes possibles, on pourrait encore imaginer d'utiliser deux grilles superposées, chacune avec moitié moins de barres, et avec appuis alternés pour chaque tube, ce qui augmenterait encore la section de passage du fluide secondaire.Finally, and without this limiting the possible variants, one could still imagine using two superimposed grids, each with half as many bars, and with alternating supports for each tube, which would further increase the cross section of the secondary fluid.

Claims (1)

1.- Grille entretoise pour le faisceau tubulaire d'un échangeur de chaleur, destiné au maintien transversal des tubes (11), tout en permettant la circulation longitudinale du fluide baignant extérieurement les tubes, caractérisé par le fait qu'elle est constituée par une tôle plane (1) présentant sur chaque face une série de rainures parallèles (2, 3), de direction différente pour chaque face, avec des profondeurs de rainures (2, 3) respectivement relatives à chaque face telles que leur somme soit supérieure à l'épaisseur de la tôle (1), le nombre, le pas et la largeur des rainures (2, 3) étant déterminés en fonction des caractéristiques correspondantes du faisceau tubulaire.1.- Spacer grid for the tube bundle of a heat exchanger, intended for the transverse maintenance of the tubes (11), while allowing the longitudinal circulation of the fluid externally bathing the tubes, characterized in that it is constituted by a flat sheet (1) having on each face a series of parallel grooves (2, 3), of different direction for each face, with groove depths (2, 3) respectively relative to each face such that their sum is greater than l 'thickness of the sheet (1), the number, pitch and width of the grooves (2, 3) being determined according to the corresponding characteristics of the tube bundle.
EP19800401438 1979-10-08 1980-10-08 Spacing grid for tubular bundles Expired EP0027092B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7924984 1979-10-08
FR7924984A FR2467371A1 (en) 1979-10-08 1979-10-08 SPACER GRID FOR TUBULAR BEAMS

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EP0027092A1 true EP0027092A1 (en) 1981-04-15
EP0027092B1 EP0027092B1 (en) 1982-03-24

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EP19800401438 Expired EP0027092B1 (en) 1979-10-08 1980-10-08 Spacing grid for tubular bundles

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EP (1) EP0027092B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3060251D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2467371A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003067170A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-14 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Tube bundle
US7389811B2 (en) 2003-08-06 2008-06-24 Shell Oil Company Expanded metal

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2150826A1 (en) * 1971-08-27 1973-04-13 Babcock & Wilcox Co
US3820594A (en) * 1972-12-15 1974-06-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tube support system for heat exchanger
FR2393217A1 (en) * 1977-03-15 1978-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp TUBE SUPPORT SYSTEM

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2150826A1 (en) * 1971-08-27 1973-04-13 Babcock & Wilcox Co
US3820594A (en) * 1972-12-15 1974-06-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tube support system for heat exchanger
FR2393217A1 (en) * 1977-03-15 1978-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp TUBE SUPPORT SYSTEM

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003067170A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-14 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Tube bundle
CN100359280C (en) * 2002-02-05 2008-01-02 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Tube bundle
AU2003218972B2 (en) * 2002-02-05 2008-02-21 Brembana & Rolle S.P.A. Tube bundle
US7997329B2 (en) 2002-02-05 2011-08-16 Shell Oil Company Tube bundle
US7389811B2 (en) 2003-08-06 2008-06-24 Shell Oil Company Expanded metal
US7934301B2 (en) 2003-08-06 2011-05-03 Shell Oil Company Method of manufacturing expanded metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0027092B1 (en) 1982-03-24
FR2467371B1 (en) 1981-10-16
FR2467371A1 (en) 1981-04-17
DE3060251D1 (en) 1982-04-29

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