EP0024823A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de l'emballement de compresseurs - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de l'emballement de compresseurs Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0024823A1
EP0024823A1 EP80302600A EP80302600A EP0024823A1 EP 0024823 A1 EP0024823 A1 EP 0024823A1 EP 80302600 A EP80302600 A EP 80302600A EP 80302600 A EP80302600 A EP 80302600A EP 0024823 A1 EP0024823 A1 EP 0024823A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amplitude
fluctuations
compressor
high frequency
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80302600A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
James Brian Erskine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0024823A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024823A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus for control of surging in compressors of the rotodynamic type, e.g. centrifugal or axial flow compressors.
  • the compressor system is normally provided with a vent, or a bypass to recycle compressed fluid back to the compressor intake, and a valve which is opened to allow the fluid to flow through the vent or bypass when surging would otherwise occur.
  • a vent or bypass thus allows the flow of fluid through the compressor to be maintained at a safe, i.e. non-surging, level even though the offtake of compressed fluid is below the surge limit.
  • the conditions under which surging occurs are determined by a number of variables including rotational speed of the compressor, the nature of the fluid, and the design and condition of the compressor.
  • the surge limit, at any given rotational speed, for a new compressor working on a given fluid can be determined during commissioning trials, and hence the point determined at which the bypass or vent valve should be opened.
  • the predetermined conditions at which the bypass or vent valve opens may no longer be applicable to prevent surging.
  • the characteristics of the compressor may vary as the condition of the compressor deteriorates with continued use. Again the predetermined conditions at which the bypass or vent valve opens may no longer be applicable to prevent surging.
  • the surge relief valve is generally set to open well below the onset of surging, in order to cater safely for such variations in the working medium and/or condition of the compressor. This often results in uneconomic operation with the surge relief in operation far more than is necessary.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling surging wherein conditions indicative that surging is about to commence, i.e. incipient surging conditions, are utilised to actuate the bypass or vent valve.
  • the surge control arrangement automatically caters for such changes in the working medium and condition of the compressor, the latter can be operated more economically with the surge reliefe valve only opening when surging is imminent.
  • the present invention stems from the observation that with some such parameters, as surge conditions are approached, the amplitude of those fluctuations having a certain frequency or range of frequencies, herein termed the characteristic frequency, increases markedly. At the same time fluctuations at other frequencies may change only by a little or not at all.
  • a significant increase in amplitude of the fluctuations at the characteristic frequency occurs well before the onset of surging so that this change in amplitude may be utilised to operate the bypass or vent valve without surging conditions actually occurring.
  • a method of controlling surging in a rotodynamic fluid compressor comprising monitoring high frequency fluctuations, that exhibit a significant increase in amplitude as surge conditions are approached, in a parameter of the compressor system, generating a signal when the amplitude of said fluctuations reaches a predetermined value, and causing said signal to actuate the opening of a surge relief valve to increase the flow of fluid through the compressor.
  • the high frequency fluctuations that are monitored are preferably ones in which the amplitude of said fluctuations when surging commences is at least 50% greater than the amplitude of such fluctuations at the maximum design fluid throughput.
  • the surge relief valve is caused to open when the amplitude of the monitored high frequency fluctuations is at least 75% of the amplitude of such fluctuations at the onset of surging.
  • the present invention also provides apparatus comprising a rotodynamic fluid compressor having a delivery line, a vent or bypass connected thereto via a surge relief valve, which, when in the open position, permits the flow of fluid through the compressor to increase, means for sensing high frequency fluctuations, that exhibit a significant increase in amplitude as surge conditions are approached, in a parameter of the compressor system, means for generating a signal when the amplitude of said high frequency fluctuations reaches a predetermined value, and means, actuated by said signal, for opening the surge relief valve.
  • the parameter whose high frequency fluctuations are monitored is the pressure of the fluid in the output, e.g. delivery line, of the compressor.
  • the high frequency fluctuation of the pressure of the fluid output of each stage may be damped in succeeding stages and so, to detect incipient surging conditions in the stages of the compressor prior to the final stage, it is preferred that the high frequency pressure fluctuations of the outputs of each stage are monitored and a signal is generated to cause the surge relief valve to open when the amplitudes of any of said monitored fluctuations reach predetermined values. It will be appreciated that the predetermined values for the amplitude at which the surge relief valve opens may differ from stage to stage.
  • the amplitude of the high frequency fluctuations in output pressure of each stage of a compressor is relatively small, typically of the order of 0.5 to 1 bar at the maximum design fluid throughput at any given compressor speed.
  • the amplitude of these fluctuations may increase by 100% or more as the surge conditions are approached but generally are far smaller than the overall variations in pressure occurring under surge conditions (which may be of the order of 20 bar).
  • Trials on the compressor system will indicate which parameters have high frequency fluctuations that increase significantly in amplitude as surging conditions are approached and so a suitable parameter can be selected for monitoring. Such trials will also indicate the frequency, or band of frequencies, that should be monitored.
  • the overall fluctuations occurring in the selected parameter may represent the sum of fluctuations of various frequencies; at one or more of these frequencies the amplitude increases markedly as surge conditions are approached.
  • the sensing means to detect the high frequency fluctuations of the selected parameter may be responsive to fluctuations only at those frequencies which exhibit a significant increase in amplitude as surge conditions are approached, eg the characteristic frequency, or may be responsive to fluctuations over a much wider frequency range, including fluctuations whose amplitude does not change significantly as surge conditions are approached. In the latter case, the output from the sensing means may be processed, eg electronically, to select only that corresponding to the fluctuations having the characteristic frequency or frequencies within a band encompassing the characteristic frequency.
  • the signal generating means may produce a signal only in accordance with the amplitude of those fluctuations having the characteristic frequency.
  • the characteristic frequency for any given compressor system may vary somewhat depending on the operating speed, compressor conditions, and fluid nature, it is preferred that the sensing means and signal generating means are arranged to respond to frequencies within a band of frequencies wide enough to contain the characteristic frequency under any anticipated working conditions.
  • the signal may be generated in accordance with the amplitude of a dominant frequency or frequencies picked out from the monitored frequency band: in this way the detected change in amplitude of the pressure fluctuations may be enhanced.
  • the valve actuating signal may be generated only when the amplitude of the monitored high frequency fluctuations reaches a predetermined value, which may be an absolute value or a ratio to the amplitude at a specified fluid throughput, e.g. the maximum design fluid throughput, or signals indicative of the amplitude of the fluctuations changes may be produced continuously. In the latter case, the signal may be utilised to open the surge relief valve progressively.
  • a predetermined value which may be an absolute value or a ratio to the amplitude at a specified fluid throughput, e.g. the maximum design fluid throughput, or signals indicative of the amplitude of the fluctuations changes may be produced continuously. In the latter case, the signal may be utilised to open the surge relief valve progressively.
  • the compressor is preferably a rotary centrifugal gas compressor.
  • the apparatus comprises a centrifugal gas compressor 1 having a suction, i.e. inlet, line 2 and an outlet, ie delivery, line 3.
  • a bypass 4 is provided between the delivery line 3 and the inlet line 2 and this bypass is provided with a valve 5.
  • a sensor 6 Provided on the delivery line 3 is a sensor 6 capable of detecting variations in pressure in the delivery line 3 having frequencies within the range 40 - 500Hz.
  • a signal is fed from sensor 6 varying in accordance with the amplitude of the high frequency pressure fluctuations to a control unit 7 which is arranged to actuate valve 5 when the amplitude of said pressure fluctuations reaches a predetermined level.
  • a centrifugal compressor operating at 11000 rpm on methanol synthesis gas had a maximum design gas throughput (inlet gas flow rate) of 9750 m 3 /r ⁇ (actual) giving, at said maximum design gas throughput, a pressure difference between the inlet and outlets of 30 bar.
  • the characteristic high frequency fluctuations in delivery pressure occurred at a frequency of 387 Hz and, at the maximum design gas throughput, these fluctuations had an amplitude of 0.7 bar.
  • the amplitude of the fluctuations was 1.05 bar while at a throughput of 8250 m 3 /hr the amplitude was 1.4 bar.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
EP80302600A 1979-08-22 1980-07-30 Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de l'emballement de compresseurs Withdrawn EP0024823A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7929294 1979-08-22
GB7929294 1979-08-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024823A1 true EP0024823A1 (fr) 1981-03-11

Family

ID=10507373

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80302600A Withdrawn EP0024823A1 (fr) 1979-08-22 1980-07-30 Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de l'emballement de compresseurs

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0024823A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5638599A (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2268228A (en) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-05 Rover Group A compressor surge control system.
EP0654161A1 (fr) * 1992-08-10 1995-05-24 Dow Deutschland Inc. Procede et dispositif de controle et de regulation d'un compresseur
US5479818A (en) * 1992-08-10 1996-01-02 Dow Deutschland Inc. Process for detecting fouling of an axial compressor
US5541857A (en) * 1992-08-10 1996-07-30 Dow Deutschland Inc. Process and device for monitoring vibrational excitation of an axial compressor
US5612497A (en) * 1992-08-10 1997-03-18 Dow Deutschland Inc. Adaptor for monitoring a pressure sensor to a gas turbine housing
FR2773403A1 (fr) * 1998-01-06 1999-07-09 Alsthom Cge Alcatel Systeme pour assurer une regulation de pression dans une enceinte pompee par une pompe a vide
CN114109860A (zh) * 2021-11-09 2022-03-01 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空压机、空压机控制方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质
CN116221191A (zh) * 2023-05-06 2023-06-06 西门子能源有限公司 流体压缩系统和控制流体压缩系统的方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5815793A (ja) * 1981-07-22 1983-01-29 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 圧縮機の無負荷運転制御装置
JPH0789114B2 (ja) * 1986-04-07 1995-09-27 フマキラー株式会社 間接薬効終点指示体

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1428023A1 (de) * 1962-04-03 1969-04-10 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Pumpverhuetung bei Axialverdichtern
US3671134A (en) * 1967-09-27 1972-06-20 Gen Electric Fluidic signal detection and prevention of stall in compressors for gas turbine engines
DE2155311A1 (de) * 1971-11-06 1973-05-10 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zur steuerung eines turbokompressors
US3868625A (en) * 1972-12-20 1975-02-25 United Aircraft Corp Surge indicator for turbine engines
US3935558A (en) * 1974-12-11 1976-01-27 United Technologies Corporation Surge detector for turbine engines
US4196472A (en) * 1977-09-09 1980-04-01 Calspan Corporation Stall control apparatus for axial flow compressors

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1428023A1 (de) * 1962-04-03 1969-04-10 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Pumpverhuetung bei Axialverdichtern
US3671134A (en) * 1967-09-27 1972-06-20 Gen Electric Fluidic signal detection and prevention of stall in compressors for gas turbine engines
DE2155311A1 (de) * 1971-11-06 1973-05-10 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zur steuerung eines turbokompressors
US3868625A (en) * 1972-12-20 1975-02-25 United Aircraft Corp Surge indicator for turbine engines
US3935558A (en) * 1974-12-11 1976-01-27 United Technologies Corporation Surge detector for turbine engines
US4196472A (en) * 1977-09-09 1980-04-01 Calspan Corporation Stall control apparatus for axial flow compressors

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2268228A (en) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-05 Rover Group A compressor surge control system.
EP0654161A1 (fr) * 1992-08-10 1995-05-24 Dow Deutschland Inc. Procede et dispositif de controle et de regulation d'un compresseur
US5479818A (en) * 1992-08-10 1996-01-02 Dow Deutschland Inc. Process for detecting fouling of an axial compressor
US5541857A (en) * 1992-08-10 1996-07-30 Dow Deutschland Inc. Process and device for monitoring vibrational excitation of an axial compressor
US5594665A (en) * 1992-08-10 1997-01-14 Dow Deutschland Inc. Process and device for monitoring and for controlling of a compressor
US5612497A (en) * 1992-08-10 1997-03-18 Dow Deutschland Inc. Adaptor for monitoring a pressure sensor to a gas turbine housing
EP0654161A4 (fr) * 1992-08-10 1998-05-20 Dow Deutschland Inc Procede et dispositif de controle et de regulation d'un compresseur.
FR2773403A1 (fr) * 1998-01-06 1999-07-09 Alsthom Cge Alcatel Systeme pour assurer une regulation de pression dans une enceinte pompee par une pompe a vide
EP0929019A1 (fr) * 1998-01-06 1999-07-14 Alcatel Système pour assurer une régulation de pression dans une enceinte pompée par une pompe à vide
CN114109860A (zh) * 2021-11-09 2022-03-01 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空压机、空压机控制方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质
CN116221191A (zh) * 2023-05-06 2023-06-06 西门子能源有限公司 流体压缩系统和控制流体压缩系统的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5638599A (en) 1981-04-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0661426B1 (fr) Turbine à gaz et procédé de fonctionnement
US3935558A (en) Surge detector for turbine engines
EP0576238B1 (fr) Méthode et appareil de partage de charge pour contrÔler un paramètre principal d'une station compresseur avec plusieurs compresseurs dynamiques
EP2129921B1 (fr) Procédé de détection d'un décrochage tournant dans un compresseur
US4586870A (en) Method and apparatus for regulating power consumption while controlling surge in a centrifugal compressor
EP0024823A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de l'emballement de compresseurs
EP1540188B1 (fr) Systeme et procede de detection du decollement rotatif dans un compresseur centrifuge
US4831534A (en) Method and apparatus for controlling turbocompressors to prevent
US4526513A (en) Method and apparatus for control of pipeline compressors
EP0565373A2 (fr) Méthode et appareil pour détecter et prévenir le pompage dans un compresseur centrifugal
US5275528A (en) Flow control method and means
US7712299B2 (en) Anti-bogdown control system for turbine/compressor systems
US4230437A (en) Compressor surge control system
US4384818A (en) Method and apparatus for limiting the end thrust of turbo compressors by means of a blowoff control
GB2064164A (en) Operating turbo-compressors
US4203701A (en) Surge control for centrifugal compressors
US20050038570A1 (en) Warning before pump limit or in case of blade failure on a turbomachine
US4281970A (en) Turbo-expander control
EP3454163B1 (fr) Système de commande pour compresseur à sous-système basé sur la pression, installation de synthèse et procédé de commande
US3240422A (en) Method of and apparatus for the prevention of surging with axial compressors
US4968215A (en) Device for control of a turbocompressor
US6742534B2 (en) Method of damping surges in a liquid system
US2984404A (en) Control mechanism
US4135854A (en) Control system for variable pitch axial fan for utility boiler
US4404637A (en) Process control system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES PLC

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19820214

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: ERSKINE, JAMES BRIAN