EP0023878A1 - Process for controlling the internal heat in a shaft furnace and means used therefor - Google Patents
Process for controlling the internal heat in a shaft furnace and means used therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0023878A1 EP0023878A1 EP80630018A EP80630018A EP0023878A1 EP 0023878 A1 EP0023878 A1 EP 0023878A1 EP 80630018 A EP80630018 A EP 80630018A EP 80630018 A EP80630018 A EP 80630018A EP 0023878 A1 EP0023878 A1 EP 0023878A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- peat
- regulating
- water content
- blow molds
- hot wind
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for regulating the heat balance in a shaft furnace, in particular for regulating the thermal conditions in the immediate vicinity of the blow molds of a blast furnace, and the agent used for this.
- a favorable thermal efficiency coupled with the lowest possible fuel consumption, it has proven to be expedient to bring the temperature of the hot wind introduced primarily through the blow molds of a blast furnace as high as possible, but advantageously bring over 1100 C. Hot wind temperatures above this limit often and depending on the metallurgical method of operation, too high flame temperatures, which in turn leads to difficulties in controlling the process.
- coolant can be, for example, water vapor, heavy oils, natural gas or ground coals.
- Water vapor is a relatively easy-to-use coolant, but due to its oxidizing properties it has the disadvantage that coke consumption, which is sought to be reduced by means of high hot wind temperatures, rises again.
- coal it must be said that, on the one hand, the cost of grinding has a high impact in the present optics and, on the other hand, that ground coals attack and wear down the walls of the transport lines due to their abrasive properties. Furthermore, most coals have a high sulfur and ash content. While the former affects the quality of the raw or cast iron produced, the latter affects the chemical properties of the slags and makes it difficult to control the degree of basicity within the desired limits.
- the aim of the invention was to propose such a method.
- peat is a soft material and therefore does not attack the walls of the pipes; furthermore, peat can be easily shredded by rubbing. Due to its low specific weight, introducing peat into the hot wind stream is not difficult.
- a typical wet raw peat is dried on 20-25% water.
- the water content of the peat which, according to the method according to the invention, is below 25%, surprisingly does not entail any appreciable additional consumption of coke, as one might have expected from experience with steam as a coolant.
- the hydrate water remaining after drying appears to react preferentially with the relatively high amounts of volatile constituents present in the peat, without the need to provide carbon from the coke for the splitting of the water molecules.
- a typical peat has a volatile content of 63-68%.
- the ash content is very favorable at 0.9-1.4%, as is the sulfur content, which rarely exceeds 0.3%. This eliminates the difficulties known in the use of conventional coolants, which involve influencing the degree of basicity of the slags or an increased sulfur content in the pig iron.
- peat is an extremely ignitable and combustible material, it can easily be used in large quantities to control the thermal conditions according to the invention, without fear of impairing the combustion reactions.
- a typical one for practicing the method according to the invention Peat used has the following analytically determined b between set values to:
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Ein Verfahren zur Regelung des Wärmehaushaltes in einem Schachtofen, insbesondere zur Regelung der thermischen Verhältnisse in unmittelbarer Umgebung der Ofen-Blasformen, sieht vor, das man dem Heißwind je nach den jeweils in der Nähe der Blasformen herrschenden Temperaturen dosierte Mengen an Torf zusetzt, der eine mittlere Korngröße von 0,5-1 mm, sowie einen Wassergehalt von weniger als 25% aufweist. Torf ist ein weiches Material, das die Wandungen der Leitungen nicht angreift. Ferner läst Torf sich bereits durch Verreiben bequem zerkleinern. Auf Grund seines niedrigen spezifischen Gewichtes bringt das Einführen von Torf in den Heißwindstrom keine Schwierigkeiten mit sich. Der Wassergehalt des Torfes, unterhalb 25%, bringt keinen nennenswerten Mehrverbrauch an Koks mit sich.A method for regulating the heat balance in a shaft furnace, in particular for regulating the thermal conditions in the immediate vicinity of the furnace blow molds, provides that, depending on the temperatures prevailing in the vicinity of the blow molds, metered amounts of peat are added to the hot wind average grain size of 0.5-1 mm, and has a water content of less than 25%. Peat is a soft material that does not attack the walls of the pipes. Furthermore, peat can be easily shredded by rubbing. Due to its low specific weight, the introduction of peat into the hot wind stream poses no difficulties. The water content of the peat, below 25%, does not result in any significant additional consumption of coke.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Regelung des Wärmehaushaltes in einem Schachtofen, insbesondere zur Regelung der thermischen Verhältnisse in unmittelbarer Umgebung der Blasformen eines Hochofens, sowie das hierzu verwendete Mittel. Im Hinblick auf einen günstigen thermischen Wirkungsgrad, gekoppelt mit einem möglichst niedrigen Brennstoffverbrauch, hat es sich als zweckmässig erwiesen die Temperatur des vornehmlich durch die Blasformen eines Hochofens eingeführten Heisswindes so hoch wie möglich zu bringen, vorteilhaft über 1100 C. Heisswindtemperaturen oberhalb dieser Grenze bringen aber oftmals und je nach der metallurgischen Arbeitsweise zu hohe Flammentemperaturen mit sich, was wiederum zu Schwierigkeiten in der Regelung des Prozesses führt.The present invention relates to a method for regulating the heat balance in a shaft furnace, in particular for regulating the thermal conditions in the immediate vicinity of the blow molds of a blast furnace, and the agent used for this. In view of a favorable thermal efficiency, coupled with the lowest possible fuel consumption, it has proven to be expedient to bring the temperature of the hot wind introduced primarily through the blow molds of a blast furnace as high as possible, but advantageously bring over 1100 C. Hot wind temperatures above this limit often and depending on the metallurgical method of operation, too high flame temperatures, which in turn leads to difficulties in controlling the process.
Aus diesem Grunde wurden Verfahren entwickelt gemäss denen durch die Blasformen dosierte Mengen an Kühlmitteln zusammen mit dem Heisswind in den Ofenraum eingeblasen werden. Solche Kühlmittel können bspw. Wasserdampf, Schweröle, Erdgas oder gemahlene Kohlen sein.For this reason, processes have been developed according to which dosed quantities of coolant are blown into the furnace chamber together with the hot wind. Such coolants can be, for example, water vapor, heavy oils, natural gas or ground coals.
Wasserdampf ist zwar ein relativ leicht zu handhabendes Kühlmittel, jedoch weist es infolge seiner oxydierenden Eigenschaften den Nachteil, auf, dass der Koksverbrauch den man mittels hoher Heisswindtemperaturen zu vermindern trachtet, erneut ansteigt.Water vapor is a relatively easy-to-use coolant, but due to its oxidizing properties it has the disadvantage that coke consumption, which is sought to be reduced by means of high hot wind temperatures, rises again.
Oele und Erdgas sind infolge der preislichen Entwicklungen nicht als Kühlmittel in Hochöfen zu empfehlen, obwohl sich diese Stoffe in technischer Hinsicht bewährt haben und auch noch eingesetzt werden.Due to price developments, oils and natural gas are not recommended as coolants in blast furnaces, although these substances have proven themselves in technical terms and are still used.
Zur Verwendung von Kohle ist zu sagen, dass einerseits in der vorliegenden Optik die Kosten für das Vermahlen hoch zu Buche schlagen und dass andererseits gemahlene Kohlen auf Grund ihrer abradierenden Eigenschaften die Wandungen der Transportleitungen angreifen und verschleissen. Desweiteren weisen die meisten Kohlen einen hohen Schwefel- sowie Aschegehalt auf. Während ersterer die Qualität des hergestellten Roh- oder Gusseisens beeinträchtigt, wirkt letzterer auf die chemischen Eigenschaften der Schlacken ein und erschwert eine Steuerung des Basizitätsgrades innerhalb der gewünschten Grenzen.Regarding the use of coal, it must be said that, on the one hand, the cost of grinding has a high impact in the present optics and, on the other hand, that ground coals attack and wear down the walls of the transport lines due to their abrasive properties. Furthermore, most coals have a high sulfur and ash content. While the former affects the quality of the raw or cast iron produced, the latter affects the chemical properties of the slags and makes it difficult to control the degree of basicity within the desired limits.
Es besteht demnach das Bedürfnis über ein Verfahren zum Regeln der thermischen Verhältnisse in der Umgebung der Blasformen eines Schachtofens zu verfügen, welches die Verwendung eines möglichst leicht zu handhabenden Kühlmittels begreift, dessen Gestehungskosten im Verhältnis zu den erzielten Ergebnissen günstig liegen und dessen physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften ausser den gewünschten Effekten keine Einflüsse auf die im Ofen herrschenden Verhältnisse ausüben.Accordingly, there is a need to have a method for regulating the thermal conditions in the vicinity of the blow molds of a shaft furnace which understands the use of a coolant which is as easy to handle as possible, the cost of which is favorable in relation to the results achieved, and its physical and chemical properties Except for the desired effects, do not influence the conditions in the furnace.
Das Ziel der Erfindung bestand darin ein derartiges Verfahren vorzuschlagen.The aim of the invention was to propose such a method.
Dieses Ziel wird erreicht durch das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass man dem Heisswind je nach den jeweils in unmittelbarer Nähe der Blasformen herrschenden Temperaturen dosierte Mengen an Torf zusetzt, der eine mittlere Korngrösse von 0,05-1 mm, sowie einen Wassergehalt von weniger als 25% aufweist.This goal is achieved by the method according to the invention, which is characterized in that metered amounts of peat, an average grain size of 0.05-1 mm, and a water content are added to the hot wind depending on the temperatures prevailing in the immediate vicinity of the blow molds less than 25%.
Die Wahl von Torf als Kühlmittel bringt gegenüber anderen bekannten festen Kühlmitteln auf Kohlenstoffbasis mehrere Vorteile mit sich. Bekanntlich ist Torf ein weiches Material und greift demnach die Wandungen der Leitungen nicht an; ferner lässt Torf sich bereits durch Verreiben bequen zerkleinern. Auf Grund seines niedrigen spezifischen Gewichtes bringt das Einführen von Torf in den Heisswindstrom keine Schwierigkeiten mit sich.Choosing peat as a coolant has several advantages over other known carbon-based solid coolants. As is known, peat is a soft material and therefore does not attack the walls of the pipes; furthermore, peat can be easily shredded by rubbing. Due to its low specific weight, introducing peat into the hot wind stream is not difficult.
Erfindungsgemäss wird ein typischer feuchter Rohtorf auf 20-25% Wasser getrocknet. Der Wassergehalt des Torfes, der gemäss dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren unterhalb 25% liegt, bringt überraschenderweise keinen nennenswerten Mehrverbrauch an Koks mit sich, wie man dies nach den Erfahrungen mit Wasserdampf als Kühlmittel hätte erwarten können. In der Tat scheint das nach dem Trocknen verbleibende Hydratwasser vorzugsweise mit den im Torf vorhandenen relatif hohen Mengen an flüchtigen Bestandteilen zu reagieren, ohne dass vom Koks herrührender Kohlenstoff für die Spaltung der Wassermoleküle zur Verfügung gestellt werden müsste.According to the invention, a typical wet raw peat is dried on 20-25% water. The water content of the peat, which, according to the method according to the invention, is below 25%, surprisingly does not entail any appreciable additional consumption of coke, as one might have expected from experience with steam as a coolant. In fact, the hydrate water remaining after drying appears to react preferentially with the relatively high amounts of volatile constituents present in the peat, without the need to provide carbon from the coke for the splitting of the water molecules.
In der Tat weist ein typischer Torf Gehalte von 63-68% flüchtiger Bestandteile auf.In fact, a typical peat has a volatile content of 63-68%.
Ferner liegen die Aschegehalte mit 0,9-1,4% sehr günstig, sowie der Gehalt an Schwefel, der selten 0,3% überschreitet. Hierdurch entfallen die bei der Anwendung konventioneller Kühlmittel bekannten Schwierigkeiten, die in einer Beeinflussung des Basizitätsgrades der Schlacken bzw. einem erhöhten Schwefelgehalt im Roheisen bestehen.Furthermore, the ash content is very favorable at 0.9-1.4%, as is the sulfur content, which rarely exceeds 0.3%. This eliminates the difficulties known in the use of conventional coolants, which involve influencing the degree of basicity of the slags or an increased sulfur content in the pig iron.
Da Torf ein ausserordentlich zünd- und brennwilliges Material ist, kann es problemlos auch in grossen Mengen zum Steuern der thermischen Verhältnisse gemäss der Erfindung verwendet werden, ohne dass eine Beeinträchtigung der Verbrennungsreaktionen zu befürchten wäre.Since peat is an extremely ignitable and combustible material, it can easily be used in large quantities to control the thermal conditions according to the invention, without fear of impairing the combustion reactions.
Ein typischer zur Ausübung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens verwendeter Torf weist folgende analytisch ermittelten bzw. eingestellten Werte auf:
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU81572A LU81572A1 (en) | 1979-08-02 | 1979-08-02 | METHOD FOR REGULATING THE HEATING BALANCE IN A SHAFT STOVE AND MEANS TO BE USED FOR THIS |
| LU81572 | 1979-08-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0023878A1 true EP0023878A1 (en) | 1981-02-11 |
Family
ID=19729219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP80630018A Ceased EP0023878A1 (en) | 1979-08-02 | 1980-06-17 | Process for controlling the internal heat in a shaft furnace and means used therefor |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4306507A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0023878A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1134141A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU81572A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU82036A1 (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1980-04-23 | Wurth Anciens Ets Paul | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR INJECTING QUANTITIES OF POWDERED MATERIALS BY PNEUMATIC ROUTE INTO A VARIABLE PRESSURE ENCLOSURE AND APPLICATION TO A TANK OVEN |
| DE3034679C2 (en) | 1980-09-13 | 1983-01-13 | ARBED S.A., 2930 Luxembourg | Process for the continuous injection of reducing agents containing ash containing coal into the frame of a blast furnace |
| US5699745A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1997-12-23 | R & K Incinerator, Inc. | Animal carcass incinerator |
| WO1997049954A1 (en) * | 1996-06-24 | 1997-12-31 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Burning/melting method of waste melting furnace |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR578293A (en) * | 1923-05-09 | 1924-09-22 | Blast furnace fuel supply process | |
| US2593257A (en) * | 1948-08-26 | 1952-04-15 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Blast furnace operation |
| FR1107468A (en) * | 1952-12-05 | 1956-01-03 | Cast iron production process | |
| DE1433357A1 (en) * | 1964-12-09 | 1968-12-19 | Alfred Rexroth | Process for partially replacing the Gattierkokses in Metallreduzieroefen with coal or coke powder pressed into the nozzle zone |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB799218A (en) * | 1956-11-30 | 1958-08-06 | Arenco Ab | Improved fish positioning device |
| US3165399A (en) * | 1961-02-14 | 1965-01-12 | United States Steel Corp | Method of controlling admission of fuel and air to blast furnaces |
| US3178165A (en) * | 1963-03-21 | 1965-04-13 | Koppers Co Inc | Apparatus for injecting solid particulate material into a metallurgical furnace |
| US3178234A (en) * | 1963-07-30 | 1965-04-13 | Koppers Co Inc | Method and apparatus for controlling the injection of particulate material into the tuyere zone of a blast furnace |
| US4132546A (en) * | 1977-11-30 | 1979-01-02 | Roberts Edward S | Smelting of iron ore with partially dried lignite |
| DE2912441C2 (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1982-09-23 | ARBED S.A., 2930 Luxembourg | Process for the continuous injection of fine-grained brown coal into the frame of a blast furnace |
-
1979
- 1979-08-02 LU LU81572A patent/LU81572A1/en unknown
-
1980
- 1980-06-17 EP EP80630018A patent/EP0023878A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-07-31 CA CA357,417A patent/CA1134141A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-07-31 US US06/174,150 patent/US4306507A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR578293A (en) * | 1923-05-09 | 1924-09-22 | Blast furnace fuel supply process | |
| US2593257A (en) * | 1948-08-26 | 1952-04-15 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Blast furnace operation |
| FR1107468A (en) * | 1952-12-05 | 1956-01-03 | Cast iron production process | |
| DE1433357A1 (en) * | 1964-12-09 | 1968-12-19 | Alfred Rexroth | Process for partially replacing the Gattierkokses in Metallreduzieroefen with coal or coke powder pressed into the nozzle zone |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1134141A (en) | 1982-10-26 |
| US4306507A (en) | 1981-12-22 |
| LU81572A1 (en) | 1981-03-24 |
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19810811 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
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| 18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 19840525 |
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| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 732 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: METZ, PAUL |