EP0020888B1 - Fuel injection nozzle for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection nozzle for internal-combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0020888B1
EP0020888B1 EP80101801A EP80101801A EP0020888B1 EP 0020888 B1 EP0020888 B1 EP 0020888B1 EP 80101801 A EP80101801 A EP 80101801A EP 80101801 A EP80101801 A EP 80101801A EP 0020888 B1 EP0020888 B1 EP 0020888B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve needle
injection nozzle
compression spring
fixed
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80101801A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0020888A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Stumpp
Ewald Dr.-Ing. Eblen
Karl Hofmann
Nestor Rodriguez Amaya
Josef Schlagenhauf
Odon Kopsé
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0020888A1 publication Critical patent/EP0020888A1/en
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Publication of EP0020888B1 publication Critical patent/EP0020888B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/005Measuring or detecting injection-valve lift, e.g. to determine injection timing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the electrical switch is used for signaling a test device which determines the start of injection and, if appropriate, also the injection duration.
  • the resilient line element is formed by a flexible contact strip which is fastened both to the valve needle and to the connecting piece seated on the nozzle holder.
  • the line element with the valve needle and the connector must be installed together in the nozzle housing. In addition to the production of the two connection points of the contact strip, this requires very great care when assembling the injection nozzle.
  • valve needle forms an electrical switch with the valve seat (DE-A-2 748 447)
  • the valve needle is electrically contacted via the closing spring, the closing spring being surrounded by an insulating sleeve, which has otherwise the same dimensions the closing spring and the wall thickness of the nozzle holder undesirably increases its diameter.
  • the leakage oil in the spring chamber serves as an insulating agent between the closing spring and the wall of the nozzle holder.
  • injection nozzles with a built-in electrical switch for test purposes are known (US Pat. No. 3,942,366), in which the switch is arranged within the closing spring for the valve needle.
  • One contact member of the switch is formed by the pressure pin, via which the closing spring acts on the valve needle.
  • the other contact element of the switch is formed by a helical spring which sits at the free end of a contact pin which is fastened in an insulated manner in the nozzle holder and, when the valve needle is in the closed position, is axially opposite the pressure bolts with a small contact distance.
  • This design has the disadvantage that the valve needle only has to travel a short stroke before the switch responds and the signal is given, and that the adjustment and compliance with the contact distance pose certain difficulties.
  • the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the assembly of the injection nozzle is made considerably easier, in particular because the elastic spring element automatically comes into contact with the pressure pin and no special measures need to be taken for this.
  • the design of the spring element as a coil spring is also able to withstand higher vibrations than the known contact strip, the two connection points of which are at risk of breakage.
  • the arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that the diameter of the nozzle holder need not be increased and that nozzle holders of injection nozzles produced in series can therefore be used as an output part.
  • the arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that the signal is given exactly when the valve needle is lifted and struck from or on the valve seat.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.
  • the figure shows a longitudinal section through the fuel injector for a diesel engine.
  • the injection nozzle is essentially made of electrically conductive materials and is made up of a nozzle holder 10, an adjoining intermediate plate 11 and a nozzle body 12, which are screwed axially by means of a union nut 13.
  • a valve needle 15 has a needle shaft 18 which slides in a guide bore 14 of the nozzle body 12, a sealing cone 17 which interacts with a valve seat 16 of the nozzle body 12 and a pressure pin 19 which bears continuously on a pressure pin 20.
  • a spring chamber 21 open at the end with a shoulder 22 and a bore 23 are recessed, to which a recess 24 leading to the outside is continued.
  • a helical compression spring 25 is supported on the one hand Spring shim 26 on the shoulder 22 and on the other hand via an insulation to be described on the pressure pin 20.
  • the fuel passes through inlet channels 29 to 32 and ring channels 33, 34 into a pressure chamber 27 of the nozzle body 12, which has a connection to a spray opening 28 via the valve seat 16.
  • the injection nozzle has a line element 60 made of an electrically conductive material, which is designed as a helical spring with two axial ends 61, 62 and is freely movable within the compression spring 25.
  • the end 62 is non-positively supported in a trough 46 of the pressure pin 20, and the other end 61 is in a contact pin 64, which is stuck in the bore 23 by means of an insulating cap 65.
  • a connecting piece 66 is fastened via a sleeve 67 in the recess 24 of the nozzle holder 10 and is provided with a plug 68 which is insulated from the sleeve 67 and which ends in a contact tongue 69 which lies non-positively on a pin 70 of the contact pin 64 and with which an electrical connection is made manufactures.
  • a sleeve 71 made of hardened steel consisting of a ring 72 and a collar 73 is glued to the pressure pin 20 by means of an electrically insulating plastic layer 74 and forms a guide surface 48 and a bearing surface 49 for the compression spring 25.
  • a sleeve 75 made of hardened steel is made by means of an insulating layer 76 is glued to the needle shaft 18 of the valve needle 15 and slides in the guide bore 24 of the nozzle body 12.
  • the injector is screwed into its functional state in the engine block (not shown) and consequently has electrically conductive contact with the ground of the vehicle electrical system.
  • the electrical switch formed by the valve seat 16 and the sealing cone 17 is closed, whereby a circuit between the nozzle body 12 and the test device (not shown) is also closed.
  • the electrical switch 16/17 When the injection nozzle is in the open state, the electrical switch 16/17 is open, and since the valve needle 15, the pressure pin 20, the coil spring 60 and the connecting piece 66 are electrically insulated from the nozzle body 12 and the nozzle holder 10, there is also the electrical connection between the engine block and test device interrupted. When the valve needle 15 hits the valve seat 16 at the end of the injection process, the signal circuit leading through the test device is closed again.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Bei derartigen Einspritzdüsen dient der elektrische Schalter zur Signalgabe für ein Testgerät, das den Einspritzbeginn und gegebenenfalls auch die Einspritzdauer ermittelt. Bei einer bekannten Einspritzdüse der genannten Gattung (US-PS 4 066 059) ist das federelastische Leitungselement durch einen flexiblen Kontaktstreifen gebildet, welcher sowohl an der Ventilnadel als auch an dem am Düsenhalter sitzenden Anschlussstück befestigt ist. Bei dieser Ausführung muss das Leitungselement mit der Ventilnadel und dem Anschlussstück gemeinsam in das Düsengehäuse eingebaut werden. Das erfordert neben der Herstellung der beiden Verbindungsstellen des Kontaktstreifens eine sehr grosse Sorgfalt beim Zusammenbau der Einspritzdüse.The invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the main claim. In the case of such injection nozzles, the electrical switch is used for signaling a test device which determines the start of injection and, if appropriate, also the injection duration. In a known injection nozzle of the type mentioned (US Pat. No. 4,066,059), the resilient line element is formed by a flexible contact strip which is fastened both to the valve needle and to the connecting piece seated on the nozzle holder. In this version, the line element with the valve needle and the connector must be installed together in the nozzle housing. In addition to the production of the two connection points of the contact strip, this requires very great care when assembling the injection nozzle.

Bei einer anderen bekannten Einspritzdüse, bei welcher die Ventilnadel mit dem Ventilsitz einen elektrischen Schalter bildet (DE-A-2 748 447), ist die Ventilnadel über die Schliessfeder elektrisch kontaktiert, wobei die Schliessfeder von einer lsolierbuchse umgeben ist, welche bei sonst gleichen Abmessungen der Schliessfeder und der Wandstärke des Düsenhalters dessen Durchmesser unerwünscht vergrössert. Bei einer ähnlichen Ausführung, welche jedoch keine Isolierbuchse hat (FR-A-2 395 440), dient das im Federraum befindliche Lecköl als Isoliermittel zwischen Schliessfeder und Wand des Düsenhalters.In another known injection nozzle, in which the valve needle forms an electrical switch with the valve seat (DE-A-2 748 447), the valve needle is electrically contacted via the closing spring, the closing spring being surrounded by an insulating sleeve, which has otherwise the same dimensions the closing spring and the wall thickness of the nozzle holder undesirably increases its diameter. In a similar version, which does not have an insulating bush (FR-A-2 395 440), the leakage oil in the spring chamber serves as an insulating agent between the closing spring and the wall of the nozzle holder.

Bei dieser Ausführung besteht die Möglichkeit, dass die Schliessfeder die Wand des Düsenhalters berührt, das dazwischenliegende Lecköl zur Seite drückt und Kontakt mit dem Düsenhalter bekommt, was zu Fehlsignalen führen kann.With this version, there is the possibility that the closing spring touches the wall of the nozzle holder, pushes the leakage oil in between to the side and comes into contact with the nozzle holder, which can lead to false signals.

Ferner sind Einspritzdüsen mit einem eingebauten elektrischen Schalter für Testzwecke bekannt (US-PS 3.942 366), bei weichem der Schalter innerhalb der Schliessfeder für die Ventilnadel angeordnet ist. Das eine Kontaktglied des Schalters ist durch den Druckbolzen gebildet, über welchen die Schliessfeder auf die Ventilnadel einwirkt. Das andere Kontaktglied des Schalters ist durch eine Schraubenfeder gebildet, welche am freien Ende eines isoliert im Düsenhalter befestigten Kontaktstiftes sitzt und bei in Schliesslage befindlicher Ventilnadel mit einem geringen Kontaktabstand den Druckbolzen axial gegenüberliegt. Diese Ausführung hat den Nachteil, dass die Ventilnadel erst einen geringen Hub zurücklegen muss, bevor der Schalter anspricht und die Signalgabe erfolgt, und dass die Einjustierung und Einhaltung des Kontaktabstandes gewisse Schwierigkeiten bereiten.Furthermore, injection nozzles with a built-in electrical switch for test purposes are known (US Pat. No. 3,942,366), in which the switch is arranged within the closing spring for the valve needle. One contact member of the switch is formed by the pressure pin, via which the closing spring acts on the valve needle. The other contact element of the switch is formed by a helical spring which sits at the free end of a contact pin which is fastened in an insulated manner in the nozzle holder and, when the valve needle is in the closed position, is axially opposite the pressure bolts with a small contact distance. This design has the disadvantage that the valve needle only has to travel a short stroke before the switch responds and the signal is given, and that the adjustment and compliance with the contact distance pose certain difficulties.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass der Zusammenbau der Einspritzdüse wesentlich erleichtert ist, insbesondere, weil dabei das elastische Federelement selbsttätig mit dem Druckbolzen in Berührung kommt und hierfür überhaupt keine besonderen Massnahmen zu treffen sind. Ausserdem ist die Ausbildung des Federelementes als Schraubenfeder auch höheren Schwingungsbeanspruchungen gewachsen als der bekannte Kontaktstreifen, dessen beide Anschlussstellen bruchgefährdet sind. Gegenüber einer Ausführung, bei welcher die Kontaktierung der Ventilnadel über die Schliessfeder erfolgt, hat die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung den Vorteil, dass der Durchmesser des Düsenhalters nicht vergrössert zu werden braucht und dass daher Düsenhalter serienmässig hergestellter Einspritzdüsen als Ausgangsteil verwendet werden können. Gegenüber der bekannten Anordnung des Schalters im Innenraum der Schliessfeder hat die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung den Voteil, dass die Signalgabe exakt beim Abheben und Auftreffen der Ventilnadel vom bzw. auf den Ventilsitz erfolgt.The arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the assembly of the injection nozzle is made considerably easier, in particular because the elastic spring element automatically comes into contact with the pressure pin and no special measures need to be taken for this. In addition, the design of the spring element as a coil spring is also able to withstand higher vibrations than the known contact strip, the two connection points of which are at risk of breakage. Compared to an embodiment in which the valve needle is contacted via the closing spring, the arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that the diameter of the nozzle holder need not be increased and that nozzle holders of injection nozzles produced in series can therefore be used as an output part. Compared to the known arrangement of the switch in the interior of the closing spring, the arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that the signal is given exactly when the valve needle is lifted and struck from or on the valve seat.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Massnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Anordnung möglich. Mit der Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 2 wird ein sicher wirkender, lösbarer Kontakt zwischen dem Anschlussstück und den Kontaktbolzen geschaffen.The measures listed in the subclaims permit advantageous developments and improvements of the arrangement specified in the main claim. With the configuration according to claim 2, a securely acting, releasable contact between the connecting piece and the contact bolt is created.

Mit der Ausgestaltung der Einspritzdüse nach Anspruch 3, insbesondere jedoch nach Anspruch 4, wird eine fertigungstechnisch günstige Isolation der Düsennadel gegenüber dem Düsenkörper erreicht; das gleiche erreicht man zwischen der Druckfeder und den Druckbolzen mit der Weiterbildung der Einspritzdüse nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 6.With the configuration of the injection nozzle according to claim 3, but in particular according to claim 4, insulation of the nozzle needle with respect to the nozzle body which is favorable in terms of production technology is achieved; the same can be achieved between the compression spring and the pressure pin with the development of the injection nozzle according to claims 5 and 6.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in nachfolgender Beschreibung näher erläutert. Die Figur zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch die Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für einen Dieselmotor.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. The figure shows a longitudinal section through the fuel injector for a diesel engine.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Die Einspritzdüse ist im wesentlichen aus elektrisch leitenden Materialien gefertigt und aus einem Düsenhalter 10, einer sich anschliessenden Zwischenplatte 11 und einem Düsenkörper 12 aufgebaut, die mittels einer Überwurfmutter 13 axial verschraubt sind. Eine Ventilnadel 15 hat einen in einer Führungsbohrung 14 des Düsenkörpers 12 gleitenden Nadelschaft 18, einen mit einem Ventilsitz 16 des Düsenkörpers 12 zusammenwirkenden Dichtkegel 17 und einen Druckzapfen 19, der an einem Druckbolzen 20 dauernd anliegt.The injection nozzle is essentially made of electrically conductive materials and is made up of a nozzle holder 10, an adjoining intermediate plate 11 and a nozzle body 12, which are screwed axially by means of a union nut 13. A valve needle 15 has a needle shaft 18 which slides in a guide bore 14 of the nozzle body 12, a sealing cone 17 which interacts with a valve seat 16 of the nozzle body 12 and a pressure pin 19 which bears continuously on a pressure pin 20.

Im Düsenhalter 10 sind ein stirnseitig offener Federraum 21 mit einer Schulter 22 und eine Boh= rung 23 ausgespart, an die sich eine nach aussen führende Aussparung 24 fortsetzt. Eine Schraubendruckfeder 25 stützt sich zum einen über eine Federeinstellscheibe 26 an der Schulter 22 und zum anderen über eine noch zu beschreibende Isolierung am Druckbolzen 20 ab. Der Kraftstoff gelangt über Zulaufkanäle 29 bis 32 und Ringkanäle 33, 34 in einen Druckraum 27 des Düsenkörpers 12, der über den Ventilsitz 16 Verbindung mit einer Spritzöffnung 28 hat.In the nozzle holder 10, a spring chamber 21 open at the end with a shoulder 22 and a bore 23 are recessed, to which a recess 24 leading to the outside is continued. A helical compression spring 25 is supported on the one hand Spring shim 26 on the shoulder 22 and on the other hand via an insulation to be described on the pressure pin 20. The fuel passes through inlet channels 29 to 32 and ring channels 33, 34 into a pressure chamber 27 of the nozzle body 12, which has a connection to a spray opening 28 via the valve seat 16.

Die Einspritzdüse hat ein aus elektrisch leitendem Werkstoff hergestelltes Leitungselement 60, welches als Schraubenfeder mit zwei axialen Enden 61, 62 ausgebildet ist und innerhalb der Druckfeder 25 frei beweglich angeordnet ist. Das Ende 62 stützt sich kraftschlüssig in einer Mulde 46 des Druckbolzens 20 ab, und das andere Ende 61 steckt in einem Kontaktbolzen 64, der mittels einer Isolierkappe 65 in der Bohrung 23 festsitzt.The injection nozzle has a line element 60 made of an electrically conductive material, which is designed as a helical spring with two axial ends 61, 62 and is freely movable within the compression spring 25. The end 62 is non-positively supported in a trough 46 of the pressure pin 20, and the other end 61 is in a contact pin 64, which is stuck in the bore 23 by means of an insulating cap 65.

Ein Anschlussstück 66 ist über eine Hülse 67 in der Aussparung 24 des Düsenhalters 10 befestigt und mit einem zur Hülse 67 isolierten Stecker 68 versehen, welcher in eine Kontaktzunge 69 ausläuft, die kraftschlüssig an einem Zapfen 70 des Kontaktbolzens 64 anliegt und mit diesem eine elektrische Verbindung herstellt. Eine aus einem Ring 72 und einem Bund 73 bestehende Hülse 71 aus gehärtetem Stahl ist mittels einer elektrisch isolierenden Kunststoffschicht 74 am Druckbolzen 20 aufgeklebt und bildet eine Führungsfläche 48 und eine Auflagefläche 49 für die Druckfeder 25. Eine Hülse 75 aus gehärtetem Stahl ist mittels einer Isolierschicht 76 auf dem Nadelschaft 18 der Ventilnadel 15 aufgeklebt und gleitet in der Führungsbohrung 24 des Düsenkörpers 12.A connecting piece 66 is fastened via a sleeve 67 in the recess 24 of the nozzle holder 10 and is provided with a plug 68 which is insulated from the sleeve 67 and which ends in a contact tongue 69 which lies non-positively on a pin 70 of the contact pin 64 and with which an electrical connection is made manufactures. A sleeve 71 made of hardened steel consisting of a ring 72 and a collar 73 is glued to the pressure pin 20 by means of an electrically insulating plastic layer 74 and forms a guide surface 48 and a bearing surface 49 for the compression spring 25. A sleeve 75 made of hardened steel is made by means of an insulating layer 76 is glued to the needle shaft 18 of the valve needle 15 and slides in the guide bore 24 of the nozzle body 12.

Die Einspritzdüse ist in ihrem Funktionszustand im nichtdargestellten Motorblock eingeschraubt und hat folglich elektrisch leitenden Kontakt mit Masse des Bordnetzes. Im gezeichneten Schliesszustand ist der vom Ventilsitz 16 und Dichtkegel 17 gebildete elektrische Schalter geschlossen, wodurch ein Stromkreis zwischen dem Düsenkörper 12 und dem nicht gezeichneten Testgerät ebenfalls geschlossen ist.The injector is screwed into its functional state in the engine block (not shown) and consequently has electrically conductive contact with the ground of the vehicle electrical system. In the drawn closed state, the electrical switch formed by the valve seat 16 and the sealing cone 17 is closed, whereby a circuit between the nozzle body 12 and the test device (not shown) is also closed.

Im Öffnungszustand der Einspritzdüse ist der elektrische Schalter 16/17 geöffnet, und da die Ventilnadel 15, der Druckbolzen 20, die Schraubenfeder 60 und das Anschlussstück 66 gegenüber dem Düsenkörper 12 und dem Düsenhalter 10 eine elektrische Isolierung aufweisen, ist auch die elektrische Verbindung zwischen Motorblock und Testgerät unterbrochen. Beim Auftreffen der Ventilnadel 15 auf den Ventilsitz 16 am Ende des Einspritzvorgangs wird der über das Testgerät führende Signalstromkreis wieder geschlossen.When the injection nozzle is in the open state, the electrical switch 16/17 is open, and since the valve needle 15, the pressure pin 20, the coil spring 60 and the connecting piece 66 are electrically insulated from the nozzle body 12 and the nozzle holder 10, there is also the electrical connection between the engine block and test device interrupted. When the valve needle 15 hits the valve seat 16 at the end of the injection process, the signal circuit leading through the test device is closed again.

Claims (6)

1. A fuel injection nozzle for combustion engines, comprising a valve seat (.16) in a nozzle body (12) made of electrically conducting material; a valve needle (15) made of electrically conducting material displaceably guided with the interposition of an insulating layer and which is raised from the valve seat (16) by the pressure of the fuel against the force of a compression spring (25) and which forms an electrical switch with the valve seat (16); a thrust pin (20) which the compression spring (25) maintains urged against the valve needle (15); an electric terminal member (66) which is fixed in an insulating manner in a nozzle holder (10) and is connected in a conducting manner to the valve needle (15) through an axially resilient conducting element (60) which is arranged within the compression spring (25), characterised in that, the terminal member (66) is connected to the valve member (15) in a conducting manner by a helical spring (60) the end (62) of which facing the valve needle (15) frictionally engages the thrust pin (20) and the other axially extending end of which is plugged into a contact pin (64) fixed in the nozzle holder (10) and which cooperates with the terminal member (66).
2. An injection nozzle according to claim 1, characterised in that, the terminal member (66) fixed in the nozzle holder (10) in an insulating manner, carries a contact tongue (69) engaging the contact pin (64).
3. An injection nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, the valve needle (15) or the guide bore (14) in the nozzle body (12) has an insulating layer, preferably of wear-resistant plastics material, which cooperates with the guide bore or with the valve needle.
4. An injection nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, an insulating layer (76) is fixed to the valve needle (15) and a sleeve (75), preferably of hardened steel, is fixed to the said layer and that the sleeve slides in the guide bore (14) in the nozzle body (12).
5. An injection nozzle according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, the thrust pin (20) has an abutment surface (49) and a guide surface (48) for the compression spring (25) and that both surfaces are coated with an insulation (47), preferably of wear-resistant plastics material.
6. An injection nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that, a sleeve (71), preferably of hardened steel, consisting of a flange (73) and a ring (72) forms an abutment surface (49) and a guide surface (48) for the compression spring (25) and that the sleeve (71) is stuck to the thrust pin (20) by means of an insulating plastics layer (74).
EP80101801A 1979-06-22 1980-04-03 Fuel injection nozzle for internal-combustion engines Expired EP0020888B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2925187 1979-06-22
DE2925187A DE2925187A1 (en) 1979-06-22 1979-06-22 FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0020888A1 EP0020888A1 (en) 1981-01-07
EP0020888B1 true EP0020888B1 (en) 1983-10-12

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EP80101801A Expired EP0020888B1 (en) 1979-06-22 1980-04-03 Fuel injection nozzle for internal-combustion engines

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US (1) US4340181A (en)
EP (1) EP0020888B1 (en)
JP (2) JPS566063A (en)
DE (2) DE2925187A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
JPS566063A (en) 1981-01-22
DE2925187A1 (en) 1981-01-08
EP0020888A1 (en) 1981-01-07
DE3065240D1 (en) 1983-11-17
JPH037572Y2 (en) 1991-02-25
US4340181A (en) 1982-07-20
JPH02131073U (en) 1990-10-30

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