EP0020295A1 - Process for the continuous production of textile materials by wet bonding and the foamed compositions utilised in carrying out this process - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for the continuous production of laminated elastic fabrics having good permeability to air and/or water vapor, which comprises coating a first web of fabric in the tensionless state with a foamed aqueous preparation which contains a self-crosslinking copolymer, e.g. based on acrylate, optionally a curable, crosslinking polyfunctional aminoplast precondensate or aminoplast former, a surface-active foaming agent and a stabilizer as well as, optionally, further assistants, wet bonding a second web of fabric, optionally under low tension, to the coated side of the first web, then drying both webs and pressing them together and finally subjecting them to a thermosetting treatment.

Description

The present invention relates to a continuous process for the production of wet-laminated, in particular elastic, textile materials with good air and / or water vapor permeability.

It is known to make laminates from elastic knitted and woven goods, e.g. by flame lamination with a polyurethane foam or by paste lamination. Flame lamination is understood to mean the continuous connection of two textile webs by means of foam films, the surface of which is given adhesive strength by passing past gas burners. The disadvantage of this process is that a special system is required to carry out the process and that the desired thicknesses of the foam cannot be varied as desired. Furthermore, there is only a low adhesive strength of the polyurethane foam to the textile material (short service life); the heat insulation and the grip of the laminates are also insufficient.

In the case of paste lamination, the elasticity of the end article is given by the polymer film elasticity and is usually far below the elasticity of the starting material. In addition to this loss of elasticity, there is also no satisfactory loss of grip. Furthermore, the permeability to air and water vapor is very low, as a result of which the wearing behavior, in particular of articles of sports clothing, is severely impaired. Another disadvantage of paste lamination is that it is practically impossible to laminate open-structured fabrics and knitted fabrics, as the paste can easily penetrate.

From e.g. German Offenlegungsschrift 2,745,950 also discloses water-resistant, dry-laminated laminates in which the foam preparation is applied to a textile woven fabric and is first dried to such a degree of moisture at 90 to 180 ° C. for 1 to 10 minutes without heat curing, crosslinking or vulcanization that the foam is at least stabilized, whereupon the coated web of material subsequently covers with another textile web, ie is laminated dry, and the two textile webs are then always pressed together to form a laminate and are always subjected to heat treatment, with expensive equipment measures (use of heated calenders) being necessary.

The object of the present invention is now to provide a new process for the continuous production of wet-laminated, optionally elastic textile materials, the elasticity of the starting articles which may be present being retained, the textile materials obtained having good thermal insulation, a particularly soft feel and also good air and / or Have water vapor permeability and a good adhesive strength between the coating and the textile material is achieved.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the foaming agent used is a foamed aqueous preparation which comprises a self-crosslinking copolymer, e.g. contains on acrylate basis and possibly a curable aminoplast precondensate, and that this preparation is applied to a textile web that is in a de-energized state, wet-laminated a second web of web and then the laminate is finished by heat and optionally post-treatment. The preparation is not dried before lamination.

• (a_l) ein selbstvernetzendes Copolymerisat auf Acrylatbasis, (a₂) ein selbstvernetzendes Vinyl-Acrylat Copolymerisat oder (a₃) ein selbstvernetzendes Olefin-Vinyl Copolymerisat,
• (b) gegebenenfalls ein härtbares, vernetzendes, polyfunktionelles Aminoplastvorkondensat oder Aminoplastbildner,
• (c) ein oberflächenaktives Verschäumungsmittel,
• (d) einen Stabilisator,
• (e) gegebenenfalls ein Netzmittel,
• (f) gegebenenfalls ein Verdickungsmittel und
• (g) ein Amin oder Alkanolamin mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen oder Ammoniak,

The present invention therefore relates to a process for the continuous production of laminated, optionally elastic textile materials with good air and / or water vapor permeability, which is characterized in that a foamed aqueous preparation is applied to a first textile web in the tensionless state, the

• (a _l) a self-copolymer based on acrylates, (a ₂₎ a self-vinyl-acrylate copolymer or (a ₃₎ a self-olefin-vinyl copolymer,
• (b) optionally a curable, crosslinking, polyfunctional aminoplast precondensate or aminoplast former,
• (c) a surfactant foaming agent,
• (d) a stabilizer,
• (e) optionally a wetting agent,
• (f) optionally a thickener and
• (g) an amine or alkanolamine with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or ammonia,

contains, a second textile web, if necessary under low tension, wet-laminated onto the coated side of the first web, then dries, optionally pressing the two webs together, and then subjecting it to a curing heat treatment.

The invention further relates to the foamed aqueous preparations of the laminating agent suitable for carrying out the method and to the preferably elastic textile material obtained according to the method.

The aqueous foamed preparations always contain only one of the three copolymers (a _l ), (a ₂ ) or (a ₃ ), and always the components (c), (d) and (g), while the components (b), ( e) and (f) are optional. Preparations which contain the optional component (b) are preferred. Compared to the copolymers (a ₃ ), the copolymers (a ₂ ) and in particular (a _l ) are preferred.

• (1) 50 bis 95 Gewichtsprozent mindestens eines Methacryl- vorzugsweise Acrylsäureesters mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen im Esterrest,
• (2) 1 bis 40 Gewichtsprozent Acrylnitril,
• (3) 2 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 6 Gewichtsprozent einer aethylenisch ungesättigten aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure mit 4 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, einer äthylenisch ungesättigten aliphatischen Monocarbonsäure mit 3 oder 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und/oder des gegebenenfalls methylierten N-Methylolamids dieser Monocarbonsäuren, und
• (4) 0 bis 20 Gewichtsprozent einer anderen copolymerisierbaren, ungesättigten Verbindung, die von den Komponenten (1),(2) und (3) verschieden ist.

The self-crosslinking copolymers based on acrylate (component (a _l )) are preferably copolymers out

• (1) 50 to 95 percent by weight of at least one methacrylic, preferably acrylic, ester having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the ester residue,
• (2) 1 to 40 percent by weight acrylonitrile,
• (3) 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6 percent by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 3 or 4 carbon atoms and / or the optionally methylated N-methylolamide of these monocarboxylic acids, and
• (4) 0 to 20% by weight of another copolymerizable unsaturated compound other than components (1), (2) and (3).

Suitable acrylic acid esters (component (1)) are, for example, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 2-ethylbutyl or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate or tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, which can be used individually or as mixtures .

. Component (3) can be crotonic acid, vinyl acetic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid or mesaconic acid, and the N-methylolamides or N-methoxymethylolamides of the monocarboxylic acids mentioned. The focus of interest is on N-methylolacrylamide and / or especially acrylic acid.

As component (4), which can optionally be admixed and polymerized into the ternary system of ester-nitrile-acid or ester-nitrile-N-methylolamide, both those that can be polymerized on their own and those that are suitable for cannot be polymerized on their own.

Among the compounds of the first group, polymerizable, mono- or polyunsaturated compounds are suitable, in particular those with the atomic grouping CH ₂ = C <, such as vinyl esters of inorganic or organic acids, for example sodium vinyl sulfate, vinyl acetate, vinyl formate, vinyl butyrate or vinyl benzoate, also vinyl alkyl ketones, vinyl halides, such as vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, vinyl aryl compounds, such as styrene and substituted styrenes, and also compounds of the acrylic acid series which are different from esters, nitriles or acids, such as, for example, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid amide or their derivatives, and also analogous derivatives of α-chloroacrylic acid.

Examples of compounds which cannot be polymerized on their own are: maleic, fumaric, crotonic or itaconic acid or their esters or anhydrides, such as maleic anhydride, furthermore unsaturated hydrocarbons, such as camphene, furthermore unsaturated, acid-resistant ethers, such as isobornyl allyl ether or -diallyl ether.

The corresponding amides are preferably used in combination with N-methylolamides, since the N-methylolamides are generally prepared by partially methylolating the corresponding amides, so that amide and N-methylolamide are present in a mixture. The methylol group can always also in etherified form, i.e. exist as methyl ether.

The preparation of the present invention to use copolymers based on acrylate (a _l) preferably takes place in the presence of emulsifiers. Suitable emulsifiers, with the aid of which the emulsions of the starting materials are prepared, are those which have sufficient stability in an acidic medium, such as, for example, acidic fatty alcohol sulfuric acid esters, sulfonated castor oil, higher alkyl sulfonates, higher oxylalkyl sulfonates, in particular octadecane oxysulfonic acid sodium, preferably those which are free of other salts; Sulfodicarboxylic acid esters, for example the sodium salt of dioctyl sulfosuccinate, higher alkylarylsulfonates, and also poly Glycol ether higher molecular weight fatty alcohols, such as cetyl, oleyl or octadecyl alcohol, for example reaction products of 15 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide to 1 mole of the fatty alcohol. Emulsifiers with a pronounced wetting action, such as octylphenol polyglycol ether or alkyl lauryl polyether, their optionally acidic sulfuric acid esters, optionally in the form of their sodium salts, and also lauric alcohol polyglycol ether, can also be used. Mixtures of such emulsifiers, and also mixtures of such emulsifiers with protective colloids, can also be used.

Organic or inorganic peroxides or persalts, for example peracetic acid, acetyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, benzoylacetyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, lauroyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, percarbonates, persulfates or perborates, which may optionally be added together with e.g. Iron (II) sulfate and sodium formaldehyde sulfinate can be used as redox catalysts.

The copolymers based on acrylate used according to the invention as component (a _l ) are known, for example, from DE-OS 2 744 256 and US Pat. No. 3,732,184.

• 70 bis 90, insbesondere 72 bis 88 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (1)
• 5 bis 25, insbesondere 8 bis 22 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (2)
• 2 bis 8 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (3) und
• 0 bis 10, insbesondere 0 bis 5 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (4).

Preferred copolymers (a ₁ ) contain

• 70 to 90, in particular 72 to 88 percent by weight of component (1)
• 5 to 25, in particular 8 to 22 percent by weight of component (2)
• 2 to 8 percent by weight of component (3) and
• 0 to 10, in particular 0 to 5 percent by weight of component (4).

• (1) 82 bis 88 Gewichtsprozentenn-Butylacrylatoder Isobutylacrylat,
• (2) 8 bis 12 Gewichtsprozenten Acrylnitril,
• (3) 4 bis 6 Gewichtsprozenten Acrylsäure; oder
• (1) 72 bis 85 Gewichtsprozentenn-Butylacrylat oder n-Butylacrylat/ 2-Aethylhexylacrylat,
• (2) 8 bis 22 Gewichtsprozenten_Acrylnitril,
• (3) 2 bis 6 GewichtsprozentenN-Methylolacrylamid.

Particularly suitable copolymers (a _l ) are obtained from the following monomers:

• (1) 82 to 88 weight percent n-butyl acrylate or isobutyl acrylate,
• (2) 8 to 12 percent by weight acrylonitrile,
• (3) 4 to 6 weight percent acrylic acid; or
• (1) 72 to 85 percent by weight n-butyl acrylate or n-butyl acrylate / 2-ethylhexyl acrylate,
• (2) 8 to 22 percent by weight acrylonitrile,
• (3) 2 to 6 percent by weight of N-methylolacrylamide.

The emulsion copolymers can be in partially neutralized form by, on the one hand, copolymerizing in the presence of small amounts (0.1 to 1% based on the monomer mixture) of an amine, e.g. an alkanolamine such as triethanolamine, and on the other hand, the emulsion of the copolymer can be partially with a base such as e.g. Ammonia is neutralized.

• (1) 20-bis 95 Gewichtsprozenten mindestens eines Methacryl- oder Acrylsäureesters mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen im Esterteil,
• (5) 5 bis 80 Gewichtsprozenten eines copolymerisierbaren Vinylesters einer organischen Säure mit 1 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen,
• (6) 0 bis 10 Gewichtsprozenten mindestens einer gegebenenfalls methylolierten und gegebenenfalls mit Alkanolen mit 1 bis 8, vorzugsweise 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen verätherten Verbindung der Formel
  
  worin R Wasserstoff oder Methyl, A Methylen oder -CO-, B eine direkte Bindung, -0- oder -NH-, R₂ Alkyl mit 2 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und n eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 11, vorzugsweise 1 bis 3 bedeuten und
• (7) 0 bis 10 Gewichtsprozenten einer anderen, copolymerisierbaren Verbindung, die von den Komponenten (1), (5) und (6) verschieden ist.

The self-crosslinking copolymers based on vinyl acrylates (component (a ₂ )) are preferably copolymers of

• (1) 20 to 95 percent by weight of at least one methacrylic or acrylic acid ester with 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the ester part,
• (5) 5 to 80 percent by weight of a copolymerizable vinyl ester of an organic acid having 1 to 18 carbon atoms,
• (6) 0 to 10 percent by weight of at least one compound of the formula, optionally methylolated and optionally etherified with alkanols having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms
  
  wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, A is methylene or -CO-, B is a direct bond, -0- or -NH-, R _{2 is} alkyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1 to 11, preferably 1 to 3 and
• (7) 0 to 10 percent by weight of another copolymerizable compound other than the components (1), (5) and (6).

Component (1), the specific examples of which have already been mentioned above, can be used both for the preparation of the copolymers based on acrylate (component (a _l )) and for the preparation of copolymers based on vinyl acrylates (component (a2)).

Examples of vinyl esters for component (5) include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl n-butyrate, vinyl isobutyrate, vinyl hexanoate, vinyl laurate, vinyl n-caproate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl stearate, vinyl isocaproate, vinyl pelargonate, vinyl chloroacetate and vinyl benzoate.

Optional components (6) include, above all, acrylamide, methacrylamide, allyl carbamate, methallyl carbamate, allyl urea, and the reaction products of these compounds with formaldehyde or acetaldehyde, which, if appropriate, additionally with alkanols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol , iso-butanol or t-butanol are etherified. Component (6), which may also be used for the preparation of the copolymer (a ₂ ), partially corresponds to the component (3) which is always used for the preparation of the copolymer (a _l ). This applies in particular to methylolated components (6).

As component (7), which is optionally admixed and polymerized into the binary system acrylic ester-vinyl ester or the ternary system acrylic ester-vinyl ester, for example methylolamide, for the preparation of component (a ₂ ), both compounds which can be polymerized on their own are suitable , as well as those that cannot be polymerized by themselves.

Among the compounds of the first group, acrylonitrile should be mentioned in particular. Other representatives of both those that can be polymerized on their own and those that cannot be polymerized on their own Compounds are identical to the representatives mentioned for component (4) above. Thus, the optional component (7) for the preparation of the copolymers (a ₂ ) differs from the optional component (4) for the preparation of the copolymers (a _l ) only in that the component (7) additionally acrylonitrile, but not a vinyl ester of organic acids such as Can be vinyl acetate.

• (5) 50 bis 90 Gewichstprozenten eines Vinylesters einer organischen Säure mit 1 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen,
• (8) 10 bis 40 Gewichtsprozenten eines Olefins und
• (6) -0 bis 10 Gewichtsprozenten einer Verbindung der vorstehend angegebenen Formel (I).

The self-crosslinking olefin-vinyl copolymers (component (a3)) are preferably copolymers of

• (5) 50 to 90 percent by weight of a vinyl ester of an organic acid with 1 to 18 carbon atoms,
• (8) 10 to 40 weight percent of an olefin and
• (6) -0 to 10 percent by weight of a compound of formula (I) above.

Component (5) and optional component (6) for the preparation of the olefin-vinyl copolymers (a ₃ ) have already been described above in the preparation of the vinyl acrylate copolymers (a ₂ ).

Component (6) is primarily ethylene.

The copolymers based on vinyl acrylates as component (a ₂ ) and based on olefin-vinyl compounds as component (a ₃ ) are known per se and are known in a known manner, essentially as described above for component (a _l ), ie preferably in the presence of emulsifiers and catalysts of the type specified, the use of pressure being expedient for the preparation of component (a).

• 30 bis 90, insbesondere 40 bis 85 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (1)
• 10 bis 70, insbesondere 15 bis 60 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (5)
• 0 bis 8, insbesondere 0 bis 6 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (6) und
• 0 bis 8, insbesondere 0 bis 6 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (7).

Preferred polymers (a ₂ ) contain

• 30 to 90, in particular 40 to 85 percent by weight of component (1)
• 10 to 70, in particular 15 to 60 percent by weight of component (5)
• 0 to 8, in particular 0 to 6 percent by weight of component (6) and
• 0 to 8, in particular 0 to 6 percent by weight of component (7).

• 45 bis 83 Gewichtsprozenten n-Butylacrylat,
• 15 bis 55 Gewichtsprozenten Vinylacetat und
• 2 bis 6 Gewichtsprozenten einer Monomermischung bestehend aus Acrylamid, N-Methylolacrylamid und N-Methylolacrylcarbamat
• oder aus
• 45 bis 83 Gewichtsprozenten n-Butylacrylat,
• 15 bis 55 Gewichtsprozenten Vinylacetat,
• 2 bis 6 Gewichtsprozenten N-Methylolacrylamid und
• 0 bis 6 Gewichtsprozenten Maleinsäureanhydrid

erhalten.Particularly preferred polymers (a ₂ ) are made

• 45 to 83 percent by weight of n-butyl acrylate,
• 15 to 55 percent by weight vinyl acetate and
• 2 to 6 percent by weight of a monomer mixture consisting of acrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide and N-methylolacryl carbamate
• or off
• 45 to 83 percent by weight of n-butyl acrylate,
• 15 to 55 percent by weight vinyl acetate,
• 2 to 6 percent by weight of N-methylolacrylamide and
• 0 to 6 weight percent maleic anhydride

receive.

• 50 bis 85, insbesondere 55 bis 80 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (5)
• 15 bis 40, insbesondere 20 bis 35 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (8) und
• 0 bis 10, insbesondere 0 bis 8 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (6).

Preferred copolymers (a ₃ ) contain

• 50 to 85, in particular 55 to 80 percent by weight of component (5)
• 15 to 40, in particular 20 to 35 percent by weight of component (8) and
• 0 to 10, in particular 0 to 8 percent by weight of component (6).

• 55 bis 78 Gewichtsprozenten Vinylacetat,
• 20 bis 35 Gewichtsprozenten Aethylen und
• 2 bis 8 Gewichtsprozenten Allylcarbamat oder aus
• 55 bis 78 Gewichtsprozenten Vinylacetat,
• 20 bis 35 Gewichtsprozenten Aethylen und
• 2 bis 8 Gewichtsprozenten-N-Methylolallylcarbamat erhalten.

Particularly preferred polymers (a ₃ ) are made from

• 55 to 78 percent by weight vinyl acetate,
• 20 to 35 percent by weight of ethylene and
• 2 to 8 percent by weight of allyl carbamate or
• 55 to 78 percent by weight vinyl acetate,
• 20 to 35 percent by weight of ethylene and
• Obtain 2 to 8 weight percent N-methylolallyl carbamate.

Optional products (b) of the foamed aqueous preparation are addition products of formaldehyde with methylolatable nitrogen compounds. The following may be mentioned as methylolizable nitrogen compounds or so-called aminoplast formers:

1,3,5-aminotrizines such as N-substituted melamines, e.g. N-butyl melamine, N-trihalomethyl melamine, triazone and guanamine, e.g. Benzoguanamine, Acetoguanamine or Diguanamine.

The following may also be considered: cyanamide, acrylamide, alkyl or aryl ureas and thioureas, alkylene ureas or diureas, for example ureas, thioureas, urones, ethylene ureas, propylene ureas, acetylene diurea, glyoxal monourein: or 4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidone-2 and their derivatives the 4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidone-2 substituted in the 4-position on the hydroxyl group with the radical -CH ₂ CH ₂ -CO-NH-CH ₂ -OH or carbamates of lower alkanols, such as the methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl carbamates.

The methylol compounds of urea, ethylene urea or in particular melamine are preferably used.

Valuable products generally provide both fully and only partially methylolated products, e.g. etherified or unetherified methylolmelamines, such as di- or trimethylolmelamine, or their corresponding ethers, such as alkyl ethers having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, e.g. the n-butyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, ethyl or especially the methyl ether. Both aminomolecular compounds and more highly precondensed products are suitable as aminoplast preconditioned products.

Non-methylolated aminoplast formers of the type specified, especially glyoxal monourein, can also be used as component (b).

The stated aminoplast formers and precondensates form the essential constituents of many commercially available anti-crease agents, so that component (b) in the present case may refer to aminoplast resins (aminoplast precondensates or aminoplast formers) as well as crease-resistant agents.

Components (c) and (d) are the foam components, and the stabilizer (d) and the wetting and thickening agents which may be used can improve the stability of the foams to such an extent that, in particular, a uniform and uniform coating of the first web can be achieved.

Any surfactant that can form a stable foam can be used as the foaming agent. The preparation is foamed in a conventional foaming device using air or another inert gaseous material.

Preferred foaming agents (c) are optionally ethoxylated fatty alcohols with 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkylarylsulfonic acids with 4 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, alkylsulfonic acids and alkyl sulfates with 8 to 24 carbon atoms, fatty alcohol or alkyl (C ₄ -C ₁₂₎ esterified with sulfuric or phosphoric acid ) -phenol - ethyleneoxy adducts: with 5 to 100 ethylene oxide units or their alkali metal or ammonium salts.

The fatty alcohol can be saturated or unsaturated and contains 8 to 24, preferably 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Examples of such alcohols are octanol, decanol, and also lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, arachyl, or behenyl or oleyl alcohol. The ethoxylated alcohols are preferably used, a degree of ethoxylation of 10 to 100, in particular 10 to 30, being preferred.

The alkylarylsulfonic acids are generally monosulfonic acids of naphthalene substituted with alkyl having 4 to 18 carbon atoms: or especially benzene. In particular, alkylphenylsulfonic acids having 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical are preferred. Alkyl sulfonic acids and alkyl sulfates generally contain 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, such as, for example, Na lauryl or Na stearyl sulfonate or, above all, sulfate. The fatty alcohol or alkyl (C ₄ C ₁₂ ) phenol-ethylene oxide adducts esterified with phosphoric acid and especially with sulfuric acid are reaction products of fatty alcohols with 8 to 24, in particular 12 to 22 carbon atoms (as indicated) or with straight-chain or branched alkyl phenols substituted with 4 to 12 carbon atoms (n-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, iso-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, iso-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl or n-dodecyl) and ethylene oxide (5 to ₁₀₀ mol), which are then esterified and, if appropriate, converted into the corresponding alkali metal or ammonium salts.

Suitable stabilizers (d) are e.g. Ammonium or amine salts of fatty acids with 8 to 24 carbon atoms or fatty acid-alkanolamine reaction products. The fatty acid salts are usually lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine or isopropanolamine salts of e.g. Caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachic, behenic, lignoceric, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic or coconut fatty acids. Amine and ammonium salts are preferred.

The fatty acid-alkanolamine reaction products are products which consist of fatty acids with 8 to 24 carbon atoms, as previously stated, and alkanolamines with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as ethanolamine; Diethanolamine, isopropanolamine or di-isopropanolamine can be obtained.

Examples of such reaction products are coconut fatty acid diethanolamide and lauric acid or stearic acid diethanolamide.

Preferred wetting agents (optional component (s)) are ethoxylated fatty alcohols with 8 to 24 carbon atoms or alkylphenols with 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl part. The degree of ethoxylation is usually 1 to 9.

The presence of the non-mandatory wetting agent can be important if the foaming agent used forms a stable foam but is a relatively poor wetting agent; As a result, the foam is not applied evenly enough to the substrate, which impairs the quality of the laminated goods.

The amount of wetting agent - if used - can e.g. 0.01 to 1% by weight, based on the entire preparation.

Optional component (f) also includes thickeners, e.g. optionally modified cellulose (alkyl or hydroxyalkyl celluloses), polyvinyl alcohols, alginates or locust bean gum. Synthetic polyacrylic-based thickeners are also suitable. The thickeners can also serve to stabilize the foamed preparations.

Components (a ₁ ), (a ₂ ), (a ₃ ) and (b) to (f) are compounds and products known to the person skilled in the art.

The aqueous preparations to be foamed must be made slightly alkaline with component (g). Suitable components (g) are, for example, dibutylamine, preferably triethanolamine and in particular ammonia. As component (g) the same weak base is used, which may have been used to neutralize the emulsion polymers (a ₁ ), (a ₂ ) or (a ₃ ).

The foams to be used according to the invention may also contain further additives, such as urea, oxidizing agents, solvents (e.g. diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or 2-butoxyethanol) or emulsifiers.

• 10 bis 60 Gewichtsprozente einer der Komponente (a_l), (a₂) oder (a3),
• 0 bis 10, vorzugsweise 1 bis 10 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (b),
• 0,1 bis 5 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (c), 0,1 bis 5, vorzugsweise
• 1,5 bis 5 Gewichtsprozente der Komponente (d),je 0 bis 1 Gewichtspro-zent der Komponenten (e) und (f) und 0,1 bis 1 Gewichtsprozent der Komponente (g).

The foamed aqueous preparations usually contain

• 10 to 60 percent by weight of one of the components (a _l ), (a ₂ ) or (a3),
• 0 to 10, preferably 1 to 10 percent by weight of component (b),
• 0.1 to 5 percent by weight of component (c), 0.1 to 5, preferably
• 1.5 to 5 percent by weight of component (d), 0 to 1 percent by weight of components (e) and (f) and 0.1 to 1 percent by weight of component (g).

The foams are _preferably produced mechanically by means of _high-speed stirrers, mixers or special foam pumps, the latter also being able to produce the foams continuously. It has proven to be expedient to pre-dissolve or predisperse the individual components before they are fed to the foaming apparatus. If desired, the foams can also be produced using conventional blowing agents.

It has proven to be expedient that components (c), (d) and optionally (e) are first mixed and dissolved with one another and thus to form aqueous solutions of 2 to 60 percent by weight. Foaming components arrives. Furthermore, it is also possible to mix the components with one another without adding water, but in the presence of an organic solvent. The remaining components are then added.

According to the invention, degrees of foaming, i.e. Volume ratios of unfoamed to foamed preparation, from 1: 6 to 1:20, preferably 1: 8 to 1:15, have been found to be suitable.

The foams used according to the invention are distinguished by density and stability. The bubble diameters in the foams are approximately 1 to 100 pm. The foam density can be between 5 and 300 g / 1, preferably between 10 and 200 g / l and in particular between 100 and 200 g / 1. Particularly stable foams are obtained when using 1.5 to 5 percent by weight of component (d) in the aqueous preparations.

The foamed aqueous preparations (foams) are applied at room temperature or slightly elevated temperature, i.e. usually in a temperature range of 15 to 40 ° C.

Coating systems with a laminating device, e.g. Rollers, laminating machines or stenter frames. The foam is sprayed or sprayed onto the fabric webs and then distributed with a coating device (doctor blade) to form an even layer (thickness about 0.5 to 3 mm).

Since highly elastic textile materials are preferably used, it is important that the coating and lamination take place in the same system in one operation, e.g. To avoid excessive mechanical stress on the fabric webs (when changing the system).

In detail, the following process steps are carried out in the process according to the invention: a first textile web runs tension-free through the coating system, the foam is knife-coated, a second textile web (possibly under only slight tension or preferably also tension-free) runs parallel to the first and is pressed lightly onto the Layer side of the first web wet laminated at 15 to 40 ° C., then dried, for example at temperatures up to 100 ° C., then mechanically pressed together, a linear pressure of 5 to 15 kg / cm ^{2 being} sufficient, and finally hardened, whereby temperatures of about 100 to 180 ° C are required.

If one dries at relatively high temperatures (100 to 160 ° C), the laminating agent partially condenses at this stage of the process. It is then cured as usual. Pressing the two webs together is not necessary with this process variant. The following are obtained: textile materials laminated in this way, which are distinguished by particularly high permeability to air and / or water vapor.

The drying and curing of the: treated substrate can be carried out thermally or with non-ionizing or ionizing radiation. All known thermal or radiation treatments can be used.

So you can use IR lamps, hot gases, ovens, heating rollers or similar conventional heating agents for drying or for thermal curing. Radiation curing can be carried out by UV radiation, gamma radiation, electron beam radiation or similar conventional means.

Woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and nonwovens which have a certain elasticity are generally considered as textile substrates. These substrates can be made from all common natural and synthetic fiber materials such as glass fiber, cotton, linen, regenerated cellulose, cellulose acetate (2 1/2 or triaacetate), polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyurethane, wool, silk, polyolefins, especially polypropylene, or in particular Mixtures of different fibers can be produced, mixtures of elastic polyurethane fibers (3-30) with cotton, polyester or synthetic polyamide fibers (70-97) being preferred. The laminated web can be different from the coated (1st web). The textile Substrates can be colored or printed.

If necessary, the textile substrates can be impregnated with agents for improving the properties before curing. The textile, laminated substrate can e.g. are usually impregnated by splashing, spraying or preferably padding at room temperature. Such agents are in particular water repellents and / or oil repellants, such as e.g. aqueous silicone oil emulsions, organic solutions of organopolysiloxanes, fat-modified melamine resins, fluorochemicals or water-soluble chromium complexes of stearic acid. Such coatings show a good resistance in the chamical cleaning. Even with a certain loss of watertightness, the hydrophobic effect is retained in the case of webs additionally impregnated with hydrophobicizing agents.

Other agents for improving the properties of use are, for example, flame retardants, bacteriostatics, non-iron or wash and wear preparations, softening agents, dyes, pigments or optical brighteners. In particular when using bromine and / or phosphorus-containing flame retardants, laminated materials with permanent flame retardant properties are available. The use of pigments is for the production of laminated decorative fabrics, e.g. Curtains that are opaque matter.

According to the method according to the invention, a solid textile material is obtained which can be used above all for the production of air-impermeable but water vapor-permeable sportswear articles, such as wind and ski jackets, ski suits, anoraks, coats, in particular raincoats, and also work clothes, protective suits and sleeping bags. The textile material laminated according to the invention is also of importance in the automotive industry for textile vehicle interiors, in particular headliners.

The laminated material has practically the elasticity of the starting material, the elasticity being particularly pronounced when using polyurethane-containing materials. The laminated material also has good heat insulation and air and / or water vapor permeability, which can be influenced by the degree of foaming and the layer thickness of the laminating agent, and shows good to very good adhesive strength and a good soft feel, which may also result from the use of a soft grip agent can be reinforced. When using stable foams with a relatively high content of component (d) (1.5 to 5 percent by weight), the adhesive strength and soft feel are particularly good and the air and / or water vapor permeability is distributed particularly regularly over the entire surface of the laminated material. The washing and dry cleaning resistance of the material are good. By using foamed polymers of the type specified, it is also possible to laminate open-structured fabrics and knitted fabrics according to the invention without fear of the laminating agent breaking through. The applicability of the present method to practically all types of textiles is also particularly advantageous.

Parts and percentages in the following manufacturing instructions and examples are parts by weight and percentages by weight.

Manufacturing regulations Copolymer A: A monomer mixture consisting of

• 84% n-Butylacrylat,
• 11% Acrylnitril und
• 5% Acrylsäure

wird in Gegenwart von 2-Oxyoctadecansulfonsaurem Natrium als Emulgator und Kaliumpersulfat als Katalysator in wässeriger Emulsion nach bekannter Methode copolymerisiert. Man erhält eine milchig-weisse Emulsion von pH-Wert 5,0 und einen Trockensubstanzgehalt von 50%.

• 84% n-butyl acrylate,
• 11% acrylonitrile and
• 5% acrylic acid

is copolymerized in the presence of 2-oxyoctadecanesulfonic acid sodium as an emulsifier and potassium persulfate as a catalyst in aqueous emulsion by a known method. A milky white emulsion with a pH of 5.0 and a dry matter content of 50% is obtained.

• 76 % n-Butylacrylat,
• 19 % Acrylnitril,
• 2,5% N-Methylolacrylamid
• 2,5% Acrylamid

wird in Gegenwart eines Adduktes aus 1 Mol Octylphenol und 40 Mol Aethylenoxyd als Emulgator, Kaliumpersulfat als Katalysator und einer geringen Menge Itaconsäure nach bekannter Methode in wässeriger Emulsion copolymerisiert. Man erhält eine milchig-weisse Emulsion von pH-Wert 5,0 und einem Trockensubstanzgehalt von 50%.Copolymer B ₁ : A monomer mixture consisting of

• 76% n-butyl acrylate,
• 19% acrylonitrile,
• 2.5% N-methylol acrylamide
• 2.5% acrylamide

is copolymerized in the presence of an adduct of 1 mol of octylphenol and 40 mol of ethylene oxide as an emulsifier, potassium persulfate as a catalyst and a small amount of itaconic acid according to a known method in aqueous emulsion. A milky white emulsion with a pH of 5.0 and a dry matter content of 50% is obtained.

Copolymer B ₂ : An analogous emulsion is obtained using a monomer mixture.

• 65% n-butyl acrylate,
• 20% 2-ethylhexyl acrylate,
• 10% acrylonitrile,
• 2.5% N-methylolacrylamide and
• 2.5% acrylamide.

Copolymer C: A solution of 1.6 parts of octadecanoxysulfonic acid sodium in 62 parts of distilled water is mixed with 0.2 parts of triethanolamine, 0.1 part of isoctyl alcohol and 2.65 parts of 100% acrylic acid.

With vigorous stirring, a mixture of 39.6 parts of 2-ethylbutyl acrylate and 13.2 parts of acrylonitrile is slowly allowed to flow in at 20 to 25 ° C., resulting in an emulsion. Half of this emulsion is heated to 65 ° C. with stirring and under nitrogen, and a solution of 0.1 part of potassium persulfate in one part of distilled water is then added rapidly. After the polymerization had been used, the other half of the emulsion, to which a solution of 0.1 part of potassium persulfate in 1 part of water had previously been added, was allowed to flow in over the course of 1 hour.

After the inflow of the monomer emulsion has ended, the mixture is slowly heated to 80 to 85 ° C. and polymerized for a further 2 3/4 hours. A very finely divided, stable, coagulate-free emulsion with a dry content of 50 to 51% is obtained.

Copolymer D: In the manner described according to instruction C, 50.16 parts of isopropyl acrylate and 2.64 parts of acrylonitrile are emulsified in a solution of 1.6 parts of sodium octadecanoxysulfonate in 77 parts of water, the 2.65 parts of acrylic acid and 0.2 part of triethanolamine and 0.1 parts of isooctyl alcohol are added.

Half of this emulsion is mixed with 3.2 parts of carbon tetrachloride and heated to 55 ° C. for polymerization with stirring and nitrogen. When 1 part of a 10% aqueous potassium persulfate solution is added, the polymerization begins, and after the temperature has risen to 65 ° C., the other half of the above emulsion, likewise mixed with 1 part of 10% potassium persulfate solution, is allowed to flow in within 35 to 40 minutes and The mixture is then stirred for 1 1/2 to 2 hours, gradually warming to 75 to 85 ° C. It creates a pure, stable, very finely divided emulsion with a polymer content of 40 to 41%.

Copolymer E: The procedure is as described in instruction C, but 44.88 parts are used instead of 50.16 parts of isopropyl acrylate, 7.92 parts instead of 2.64 parts acrylonitrile and 72 parts instead of 77 parts water. A pure, stable, finely divided emulsion with a dry matter content of 43% is obtained.

Copolymer F: Using 42.24 parts of isopropyl acrylate, 10.56 parts of acrylonitrile and 65.5 parts of water in place of the amount of these compounds specified in regulation D and while maintaining the amounts specified in that regulation for the other reaction components, analog is obtained How it works is a pure, stable, finely divided emulsion with a dry matter content of 45%.

Copolymer G: 31.68 parts of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 21.12 parts of acrylonitrile are emulsified in a solution of 1.6 parts of octadecanoxysulfonic acid sodium in 55 parts of distilled water, and 2.65 parts of 100% are emulsified in the manner described in instruction C. acrylic acid, 0.2 part of triethanolamine and 0.1 part of isooctanol are added. The polymerization is carried out analogously to that described in regulation C. The very finely divided emulsion obtained is practically pure and stable and has a dry content of 50 to 51%.

Copolymer H: 42.24 parts of isobutyl acrylate, 5.28 parts of acrylonitrile and 5.28 parts of benzyl acrylate are mixed according to the manner described in regulation C in a mixture of 1.6 parts of octadecanoxysulfonic acid sodium, 0.2 part of triethanolamine and 0.1 part of isooctanol , 2.65 parts of acrylic acid and 55 parts of water emulsified and polymerized.

You get a very fine, stable emulsion with a Dry content from 50 to 51%.

In the above example, the benzyl acrylate can be replaced by tetrahydrofurylacrylate, leaving the remaining components.

Copolymer I: A mixture of 47.52 parts of isopropyl acrylate, 2.64 parts of acrylonitrile, 2.64 parts of acrylic acid amide in a mixture of 65.5 parts of condensed water, 1.6 parts of sodium octadecane sulfate, 2 , 65 parts of acrylic acid, 0.2 parts of triethanolamine and 0.1 part of isooctyl alcohol. Half of this emulsion is heated to 55 ° C. with nitrogen and stirring and 1 part of 10% aqueous potassium persulfate solution is added. After the polymerization has been used and the temperature has risen to 56 to 58 ° C., the other half of the monomer emulsion mixed with 1 part of 10% potassium persulfate solution is allowed to flow in within 1 hour. After the inflow has ended, the polymerization is continued for a further 3 to 3 1/2 hours at a temperature of 80 to 83 ° C.

A thin, stable, finely divided, practically pure synthetic resin emulsion with 45% dry content is obtained.

Copolymer J: If the procedure is as described in Procedure I using an equal amount of isobutyl acrylate instead of isopropyl acrylate, using only 55 parts of water instead of 65.5 parts, a pure, finely divided, stable emulsion with a dry content of 50 to 51% is obtained.

Copolymer K: A mixture of 44.88 parts of isobutyl acrylate, 7.92 parts of acrylonitrile and 2.64 parts of camphene is dissolved in 58 parts of water, 1.6 parts of sodium octadecanoxysulfonic acid, 0.2 parts of triethanolamine, in the manner described in accordance with Regulation C. 2.65 parts of acrylic acid and 0.1 part of isooctanol are added, emulsified.

The polymerization in this half of the emulsion is achieved after heating to 63 to 65 ° C under nitrogen and stirring by adding 1 part of 10% potassium persulfate solution, whereupon the other half of the emulsion is allowed to flow in at 2O hours at 70 ° C. After the inflow has ended, a solution of 0.1 part of benzoyl peroxide in 0.8 part of benzene is rapidly added and the mixture is polymerized for a further 4 hours at 80 to 85 ° C. After the finished polymerized emulsion has been blown out with nitrogen, it is cooled to room temperature.

The pure, finely divided emulsion of the copolymer is stable and has a dry content of about 50%.

Copolymer L: In the manner described in instruction C, 51.75 parts of isopropyl acrylate, 0.52 parts of allyl acrylate and 0.52 parts of acrylonitrile in a solution of 1.6 parts of octadecanoxysulfonic acid sodium in 60 parts of condensed water, the 2.65 parts of acrylic acid, are emulsified , 0.2 part of triethanolamine and 0.1 part of isooctanol are added. Half of the emulsion is heated for polymerization in a nitrogen atmosphere and with stirring to 57 to 58 ° C and mixed with 1 part of 10% aqueous potassium persulfate solution. After the temperature has risen to 64 ° C., the other half of the emulsion, mixed with 1 part of 10% strength aqueous potassium persulfate solution, is allowed to flow in within 1 hour, after which polymerization is continued for a further 3 hours at 83 to 85 ° C.

The finely divided, thin emulsion is stable and has a dry content of 48 to 50%.

Copolymer M: 42.24 parts of isopropyl acrylate, 5.28 parts of isoboronyl • nyl allyl ether and 5.28 parts of acrylonitrile are, as per specification C, in a solution of 1.6 parts of octadecanoxysulfonic acid sodium in 75 parts of distilled water, the 2.65 parts of acrylic acid , 0.2 parts of triethanolamine and 0.1 part of isooctanol are added, emulsified.

Polymerization is carried out in the manner described in instruction C, but polymerization is carried out at 85 to 88 ° C. for 3 1/2 hours after the inflow of the emulsified monomers has ended.

The emulsion obtained is thin, finely divided, pure and stable.

Copolymer N: According to procedure C, 46.93 parts of isopropyl acrylate and 5.87 parts of acrylonitrile are emulsified in a solution of 1.6 parts of octadecanoxysulfonic acid sodium in 75 parts of water, 2.65 parts of methacrylic acid, 0.2 part of triethanolamine and 0.1 part of isooctanol are added. Half of the emulsion is heated to 65 to 68 ° C. with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere and mixed with 0.5 part of 10% aqueous potassium persulfate solution. After the temperature has risen to 75 ° C., the other half of the emulsion, mixed with 1.5 parts of 10% strength aqueous potassium persulfate solution, is allowed to flow in within 1 hour, after which polymerisation is continued for a further 3 hours at 81 to 85 ° C.

The finely divided, thin, liquid emulsion is stable and has a dry content of 46 to 47%.

Copolymer 0: As described in regulation A, a monomer mixture of 80% n-butyl acrylate, 10% acrylonitrile and 10% acrylic acid is copolymerized.

An emulsion with a pH of 5.0 and a dry matter content of 50% is obtained.

Copolymer P: As described in regulation A, a monomer mixture of 85% isobutyl acrylate, 10% acrylonitrile and 5% acrylic acid is copolymerized.

An emulsion with a pH of 5.0 and a dry matter content of 50% is obtained.

Copolymer Q:

• Eine Monomerenmischung bestehend aus
• 76 % n-Butylacrylat,
• 19 % Vinylacetat,
• 3,5 % N-Methylolacrylamid und
• 1,5 % Maleinsäureanhydrid

wird in Gegenwart von Natriumalkyllaurylpolyäthersulfonat als Emulgator und einer geringen Menge Natriumvinylsulfat, sowie einem Redoxkatalysator, bestehend aus Eisen-(II)-sulfat, t-Butylhydroperoxyd und Natriumformaldehydsulfinat in bekannter Weise copolymerisiert. Der pH der milchig-weissen Emulsion wird auf 5-6 eingestellt (Trockengehalt 45 %).

• A mixture of monomers consisting of
• 76% n-butyl acrylate,
• 19% vinyl acetate,
• 3.5% N-methylolacrylamide and
• 1.5% maleic anhydride

is copolymerized in a known manner in the presence of sodium alkyl lauryl polyether sulfonate as an emulsifier and a small amount of sodium vinyl sulfate, and a redox catalyst consisting of iron (II) sulfate, t-butyl hydroperoxide and sodium formaldehyde sulfinate. The pH of the milky-white emulsion is adjusted to 5-6 (dry content 45%).

Copolymer R:

• Eine Monomerenmischung aus
• 47,5 % n-Butylacrylat,
• 47,5 % Vinylacetat,
• 2 % N-Methylolallylcarbamat,
• 2 % N-Methylolacrylamid und
• 1 % Acrylamid

wird in Gegenwart eines Addukts bestehend aus 1 Mol Octylphenol und 40 Mol Aethylenoxid als Emulgator, einer kleinen Menge 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-propansulfonsäure und einem Redoxkatalysatorsystem, bestehend aus Eisen(II)-sulfat, t-Butylhydroperoxyd und Natriumformaldehydsulfinat in bekannter Weise copolymerisiert. Die auf einen pH von 5-6 gestellte milchig-weisse Emulsion hat einen Trockengehalt von 45 %.

• A mixture of monomers
• 47.5% n-butyl acrylate,
• 47.5% vinyl acetate,
• 2% N-methylolallyl carbamate,
• 2% N-methylolacrylamide and
• 1% acrylamide

is in the presence of an adduct consisting of 1 mole of octylphenol and 40 moles of ethylene oxide as an emulsifier, a small amount of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid and a redox catalyst system consisting of iron (II) sulfate, t-butyl hydroperoxide and sodium formaldehyde sulfinate in a known manner copolymerized. The milky-white emulsion, adjusted to a pH of 5-6, has a dry matter content of 45%.

Copolymer S:

• 69 % Vinylacetat,
• 26 % Aethylen,
• 4 % N-Methylolallylcarbamat und
• 1 % Acrylamid

werden in Gegenwart eines Addukts, bestehend aus 1 Mol Nonylphenol und 9 Mol Aethylenoxid als Emulgator, und eines Redoxsystems, bestehend aus Eisen(II)-sulfat, Kaliumpersulfat und Natriumformaldehydsulfinat, nach bekanntem Verfahren unter Druck polymerisiert. Die auf einen pH von 5-7 gestellte milchig-weisse Emulsion weist einen Trockengehalt von 45 % auf.

• 69% vinyl acetate,
• 26% ethylene,
• 4% N-methylolallyl carbamate and
• 1% acrylamide

are polymerized under pressure in the presence of an adduct consisting of 1 mol of nonylphenol and 9 mol of ethylene oxide as an emulsifier, and a redox system consisting of iron (II) sulfate, potassium persulfate and sodium formaldehyde sulfinate. The milky white emulsion, adjusted to a pH of 5-7, has a dry matter content of 45%.

Copolymer T:

• In ähnlicher Weise wie bei Copolymerisat S können
• 63 % Vinylacetat
• 32 % Aethylen
• 4 % N-Methylolallylcarbamat und
• 1 % Acrylamid

zu einem Copolymerisat mit 50 % Trockengehalt (pH 5-7) polymerisiert werden.

• In a similar way to copolymer S can
• 63% vinyl acetate
• 32% ethylene
• 4% N-methylolallyl carbamate and
• 1% acrylamide

polymerized to a copolymer with 50% dry content (pH 5-7).

Copolymer U:

• Eine Monomermischung bestehend aus
• 65 % n-Butylacrylat,
• 20 % mit Aethanol teilweise veräthertes n-Methylolacrylamid und
• 15 % Acrylnitril

wird in Gegenwart eines Alkylphenolpolyglykoläthers als Emulgator, von Kaliumpersulfat als Katalysator und einer geringen Menge Itaconsäure in wässrig-äthanolischer Emulsion copolymerisiert. Man erhält eine feinverteilte, stabile Emulsion mit einem Trockengehalt von 52 bis 53 %.

• A monomer mixture consisting of
• 65% n-butyl acrylate,
• 20% n-methylolacrylamide and etherified with ethanol
• 15% acrylonitrile

is copolymerized in the presence of an alkylphenol polyglycol ether as an emulsifier, of potassium persulfate as a catalyst and a small amount of itaconic acid in an aqueous-ethanolic emulsion. A finely divided, stable emulsion with a dry content of 52 to 53% is obtained.

Example 1: A foam composed as described below is applied to a polyamide polyurethane (85:15) knitted fabric by means of a doctor blade with a layer height of 2.0 mm and a speed of 10 m / minute in one line, then a cotton polyurethane ( 90:10) Knitwear is laminated wet without tension and then immediately fed into a warming channel and dried at 100 ° C. The dry coating of polymer is 135 g / m ² . The material leaving the drying tunnel with 10% residual moisture is cooled to room temperature and cold pressed between two rollers. The mixture is then condensed at 180 ° C. for 30 seconds. The latter operation can be combined with an impregnation to improve the properties of use, such as a handle or water and / or oil-repellent properties. A laminated textile material with very good strength and elasticity is obtained.

• 1000 Teile der 45%igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion B₂
• ₃₅ Teile Aminoplastharz (60%ige wässrige Lösung von mit CH₃0H veräthertem Dimethylolharnstoff und Hexamethylolmelamin im Gewichtsverhältnis 4:1)
• 10 Teile Natriumlaurylsulfat (40%ig, wässrig)
• 2 Teile Hydroxyäthylcellulose
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25%ig, wässrig)
• 75 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30% ig, wässrig)
• 20 Teile Wasser

With the help of a Hansa-Mixer-Junior foaming system (Hansa Werke, Bremen), a foam (liter weight 150 g) is continuously fed to the coating system, which is produced from the following preparation:

• 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion B ₂
• ₃₅ parts of aminoplast resin (60% aqueous solution of dimethylolurea etherified with CH ₃ 0H and hexamethylolmelamine in a weight ratio of 4: 1)
• 10 parts sodium lauryl sulfate (40%, aqueous)
• 2 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 75 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 20 parts of water

Analogously, the other copolymers can also be used to produce foams.

Example 2: On a polyester-polyurethane (85:15) knitted fabric, a composite foam as described below is applied by means of a doctor blade with a layer height of 1.5 mm and a speed of 6 m / minute in one line, then a cotton polyurethane ( 90:10) Knitwear is laminated wet without tension and then immediately passed into a warming duct and at 160 ° C. dried and condensed at the same time. The dry coating of polymer is 80 g / m ² . The material emerging from the drying tunnel is cooled to room temperature and rolled up without pressing. Condensation is then carried out as described in Example 1, and, as described in Example 1, the latter operation can also be combined with impregnation.

A laminated material (weight: 460 g / m) with a particularly high permeability to air and water vapor is obtained. Air permeability: 60-80 l / second / m ² , water vapor permeability: 40-60 g water / m ² / hour.

• 1000 Teile der 45%igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion B
• 35 Teile einer 60%igen, wässrigen Lösung von Dimethyloldihydroxy-äthylenharnstoff
• 10 Teile Natriumlaurylsulfat (40%ig, wässrig)
• 5 Teile Hydroxyäthylcellulose
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25%ig, wässrig)
• 75 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30Zig, wässrig)
• 45 Teile Wasser

With the help of the foaming system mentioned in Example 1, the coating system is fed with a foam (liter - weight 120 g), which is produced from the following preparation:

• 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion B
• 35 parts of a 60% aqueous solution of dimethyloldihydroxy-ethylene urea
• 10 parts sodium lauryl sulfate (40%, aqueous)
• 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 75 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 45 parts of water

Example 3: A polyamide-polyurethane (94: 6) fabric is coated with a foam composed as described below by means of a roller doctor blade as described in Example 1 and a fabric with the same fiber composition is laminated wet without tension and immediately dried, cooled and as described in Example 1 cold-pressed. The dry coating of polymer is 135 g / m ^2. The completion is carried out as indicated in Example 1. With the help of the foaming system mentioned in Example 1, the coating system is continuously fed with a foam composed as described in Example 2 (liter weight 150 g).

A laminated, elastic textile material with good water vapor and air permeability is obtained.

Example 4: A foam composed as described below is applied to a polyamide polyurethane (80:20) knitted fabric by means of a roller doctor knife with a layer height of 1.5 mm and a speed of 15 m / minute in one line, then a cotton terry cloth Knitwear is laminated wet without tension and then immediately passed into a warming channel and dried at 100 ° C. The dry coating of polymer is 100 g / m ^2. The material emerging from the drying tunnel with 10% residual moisture is cooled to room temperature and cold pressed between two rollers. Condensation is then carried out as described in Example 1, and this process step can be combined with impregnation.

• 1000 Teile der 50%igen wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion B
• 25 Teile mit Methanol veräthertes Pentamethylolmelamin
• 10 Teile Natriumlaurylsulfat (40%ig, wässrig)
• 5 Teile Hydroxyäthylcellulose
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25%ig, wässrig)
• 75 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30%ig, wässrig)
• 45 Teile Wasser

With the help of the foaming system mentioned in Example 1, the coating system is continuously fed with a foam (liter weight 150 g), which is produced from the following preparation:

• 1000 parts of the 50% aqueous copolymer dispersion B
• 25 parts of pentamethylolmelamine etherified with methanol
• 10 parts sodium lauryl sulfate (40%, aqueous)
• 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 75 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 45 parts of water

A laminated textile material (weight: 540 g / m ² ) with high elasticity and good water vapor and air permeability is obtained. Water vapor permeability: 20-30 g water / m ² / hour, air permeability: 15-25 l / second / m ² .

• 20 ml Isopropanol und
• 1,5 ml Essigsäure (80 %)

EXAMPLE 5 A foam composed as described below is applied to a polyester knit fabric (velor, 110 g / m ² ) dyed with disperse dyes using a doctor blade with a layer height of 1.5 mm and a speed of 8 m / minute in one line, then a cotton -Polyester (35:65) knitted fabric (65 g _{/ m} ² ) laminated wet without tension and then immediately passed into a warming channel and dried at 100 ° C. The dry coating of polymer is 130 g / m ² . The hot material emerging from the drying channel with 10% residual moisture is pressed between two unheated rollers. The knitted fabric is then padded with an aqueous liquor (liquor absorption 60%), which in liters is 25 g of a 30% aqueous emulsion of a perfluorinated polymer as an oleophoting agent,

• 20 ml isopropanol and
• 1.5 ml acetic acid (80%)

contains, and subjected to a heat treatment at 170 ° C for 60 seconds. A laminated textile material with very good strength is obtained, which is impermeable to air but permeable to water vapor and also good water, oil and stain-repellent Has properties.

• 1000 Teile der 45 %igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion R
• 10 Teile Natriumlaurylsulfat (40 %ig, wässrig)
• 5 Teile Hydroxyäthylcellulose
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 75 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30 %ig, wässrig)
• 45 Teile Wasser.

With the help of the foaming system specified in Example 1, the coating system is fed with a foam (liter weight 250 g) which is produced from the following preparation:

• 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion R
• 10 parts sodium lauryl sulfate (40%, aqueous)
• 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 75 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 45 parts of water.

The foam can also be produced with the addition of an aminoplast resin (e.g. 50% aqueous solution of a mixture of dimethylolethylene urea and a modified methylolmelamine in a weight ratio of 7: 3).

• 40 g eines fettsäuremodifizierten Hexamethylolmelamin-hexamethyläthers als Hydrophobiermittel,
• 2,5 g Aluminiumtriglykolat als Härtungskatalysator und
• 25 g einer 40 Zigen wässrigen Emulsion eines Pentachlorphenolesters als Antimikrobikum
• enthält, bei 100 bis 120°C getrocknet und einer Wärmebehandlung bei
• 150°C während 4 Minuten unterworfen. Man erhält ein kaschiertes Textilmaterial mit guter Luft- und Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit,
• das zudem wasserabweisende und schimmelresistente Eigenschaften aufweist.

Example 6: A foam composed as described below is applied to a bleached cotton fabric by means of a doctor blade with a layer height of 1.0 mm and a speed of 20 m / minute in one line, then a second web of the same bleached cotton fabric is wet-laminated under low tension and then immediately passed into a warming channel and dried at 100 ° C. The dry coating of polymer is 100 g / m ² . The dried material is cooled to room temperature and cold pressed between two rollers. The laminate of the two cotton fabrics is then inflated with an aqueous liquor (liquor absorption 70%), which is in liters

• 40 g of a fatty acid-modified hexamethylolmelamine hexamethyl ether as a water repellent,
• 2.5 g aluminum triglycolate as a curing catalyst and
• 25 g of a 40% aqueous emulsion of a pentachlorophenol ester as an antimicrobial
• contains, dried at 100 to 120 ° C and a heat treatment
• Subjected to 150 ° C for 4 minutes. A laminated textile material with good air and water vapor permeability is obtained,
• which also has water-repellent and mold-resistant properties.

• 35 Teile Aminoplastharz (70 %ige wässrige Lösung von Dimethyloldihydroxy-äthylenharnstoff, von Pentamethylolmelamin-tetramethyläther und von einem Addukt aus Harnstoff, Isobutyraldehyd, Formaldehyd und Methanol im Gewichtsverhältnis 30:13:27)
• 10 Teile Natriumlaurylsulfat (40 %ig, wässrig)
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 75 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30 %ig, wässrig)
• 50 Teile Wasser

With the aid of the foaming system specified in Example 1, the coating system is fed with a foam (liter weight 160 g) which is produced from the following preparation: 1000 parts of the 50% aqueous copolymer dispersion A.

• 35 parts of aminoplast resin (70% aqueous solution of dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea, of pentamethylolmelamine tetramethyl ether and of an adduct of urea, isobutyraldehyde, formaldehyde and methanol in a weight ratio of 30:13:27)
• 10 parts sodium lauryl sulfate (40%, aqueous)
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 75 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 50 parts of water

Example 7: A foam composed as described below is applied to a polyamide fabric dyed with acid dyes (140 g / m ² ) using a doctor blade with a layer height of 1.0 mm and a speed of 10 m / minute in one line, then a polyester fleece (Insulating wadding) with a thickness of 10 mm, wet laminated without tension and then immediately passed into a heating channel and dried at 100 ° C. The dry coating of polymer is 95 g / m2. The dried material is cooled to room temperature and cold pressed between two rollers. The mixture is then condensed at 180 ° C. for 30 seconds. A laminated textile material with very good strength, good air and water vapor permeability is obtained, which also has good heat insulation properties.

• 1000 Teile der 53 %igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion U
• 35 Teile Aminoplastharz (mit Methanol veräthertes Dimethylolglyoxalmonourein)
• 10 Teile Natriumlaurylsulfat (40 %ig, wässrig)
• 8 Teile eines Verdickungsmittel auf Polyacrylsäurebasis
• 20 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 75 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30 %ig, wässrig)

With the aid of the foaming system specified in Example 1, the coating system is continuously fed with a foam (liter weight 155 g) which is produced from the following preparation:

• 1000 parts of the 53% aqueous copolymer dispersion U
• 35 parts of aminoplast resin (dimethylolglyoxalmonourein etherified with methanol)
• 10 parts sodium lauryl sulfate (40%, aqueous)
• 8 parts of a polyacrylic acid based thickener
• 20 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 75 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)

Analogously, it is also possible to use monoethanolammonium lauryl sulfate (40%, aqueous) or dimethyl or diethylaminoethanol fatty acid salts instead of sodium lauryl sulfate or ammonium stearate to produce the foam.

• 40 g einer wässrigen Emulsion mit Paraffin von Montanwachs und einem Chromkomplexsalz als Hydrophobermittel,
• 30 g einer 20 Zigen, wässrigen Emulsion eines perfluorierten Polymerisates als Oleophobiermittel und
• 1 ml Essigsäure (80%)

enthält, bei 120°C getrocknet und einer Wärmebehandlung bei 150°C während 3 Minuten unterworfen. Man erhält ein kaschiertes Textilmaterial (510 g/m²) mit guter Festigkeit, hoher Elastizität, guter Luft- und Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit, das zudem gute öl- und wasserabweisende Eigenschaften aufweist, wobei nicht nur das Textilmaterial sondern auch die Polymerschicht in der Schaumbeschichtung die wasserabweisenden Eigenschaften aufweist.Example 8: A foam composed as described below is applied to a polyamide polyurethane (80:20) knitwear by means of a roller doctor blade with a layer height of 2.0 mm and a speed of 10 m / minute in one line, then a cotton Tricot knitwear is tensionless wet laminated and then immediately passed into a warming channel and dried at 100 ° C. The dry coating of polymer is 140 g / m ² . The material leaving the drying tunnel with 10% residual moisture is cooled to room temperature and cold pressed between two rollers. Then we sprayed an aqueous liquor on the laminate (liquor absorption: 65%), which is in liters

• 40 g of an aqueous emulsion with paraffin from montan wax and a chromium complex salt as a hydrophobic agent,
• 30 g of a 20%, aqueous emulsion of a perfluorinated polymer as an oil repellent and
• 1 ml acetic acid (80%)

contains, dried at 120 ° C and subjected to a heat treatment at 150 ° C for 3 minutes. A laminated textile material (510 g / m ² ) is obtained with good strength, high elasticity, good air and water vapor permeability, which is also good oil and has water-repellent properties, not only the textile material but also the polymer layer in the foam coating having the water-repellent properties.

• 35 Teile einer 75 %igen, wässrigen Lösung von Glyoxalmonourein (Knitterfestmittel)
• 200 Teile einer 18 %igen, wässrigen Emulsion mit Paraffin von Hexamethylolmelamin-hexaäthyläther (Hydrophobiermittel)
• 20 Teile einer 15 %igen, wässrigen Lösung eines Gemisches aus Kokosfettsäurediäthanolamid, Fettalkoholpolyäthylenglykoläthern und Fettsäurepolyäthylenglykolestern (Schaum- und Stabilisierungsmittel )
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 80 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30 %ig, wässrig)
• 20 Teile Wasser

With the aid of the foaming system specified in Example 1, the coating system is fed with a foam (liter weight 150 g) which is produced from the following preparation: 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion B ₂

• 35 parts of a 75% aqueous solution of glyoxal monourein (anti-crease)
• 200 parts of an 18% aqueous emulsion with paraffin of hexamethylolmelamine-hexaethyl ether (water repellent)
• 20 parts of a 15% aqueous solution of a mixture of coconut fatty acid diethanolamide, fatty alcohol polyethyleneglycol ethers and fatty acid polyethyleneglycol esters (foaming and stabilizing agents)
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 80 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 20 parts of water

• 60 g eines Silikonpräparates als Hydrophobiermittel,
• 9 g eines Zirkon-Fettsäurederivates (20 %) als Härtungskatalysator und
• 2 ml Essigsäure (80 %)
• enthält, und einer Wärmebehandlung bei 150°C während 5 Minuten unter-

worfen. Man erhält ein kaschiertes Textilmaterial mit guter Festigkeit, Luft- und Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit, das zudem gute wasserabweisende Eigenschaften und einen angenehmen Griff aufweist.Example 9: A foam composed as described below is applied to a polyamide stack fabric (140 g / m ² ) by means of a roller doctor knife with a layer height of 1.0 mm and a speed of 20 m / minute in one line, then a second web of the same fabric tension-free, wet laminated and then immediately passed into a warming channel and dried at 100 ° C. The dry coating of polymer is 115 g / m ² . The dried material is cooled to room temperature and cold pressed between two rollers. The laminate is then padded with an aqueous liquor (liquor absorption: 60%) in liters

• 60 g of a silicone preparation as a water repellent,
• 9 g of a zirconium fatty acid derivative (20%) as a curing catalyst and
• 2 ml acetic acid (80%)
• contains, and a heat treatment at 150 ° C for 5 minutes

throw. The result is a laminated textile material with good strength, permeability to air and water vapor, which also has good water-repellent properties and a pleasant grip.

• 35 Teile Aminoplastharz (Dimethyloläthylenharnstoff)
• 15 Teile einer 15 %igen, wässrigen Lösung eines Gemisches aus Polyoxyäthylen-2-cetyläther und Kokosfettsäuredimethylolamid im Gewichtsverhältnis 4:1 (Schaum- und Stabilisierungsmittel)
• 25 Teile einer 18 %igen, wässrigen Lösung eines Gemisches aus Kokosfettsäuredimethylolamid, aus einem Kondensationsprodukt aus 1 Mol p-Nonylphenol und 9 Mol Aethylenoxyd und aus Lauryltriglykoläthersulfat im Gewichtsverhältnis 10:12:7 (Schaum- und Netzmittel)
• 3 Teile Hydroxyäthylcellulose
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 80 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30 %ig, wässrig)
• 27 Teile Wasser.

With the aid of the foaming system specified in Example 1, the coating system is continuously fed with a foam (liter weight 215 g), which is produced from the following preparation: 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion S

• 35 parts of aminoplast resin (dimethylolethylene urea)
• 15 parts of a 15% aqueous solution of a mixture of polyoxyethylene-2-cetyl ether and coconut fatty acid dimethylolamide in a weight ratio of 4: 1 (foam and stabilizing agent)
• 25 parts of an 18% aqueous solution of a mixture of coconut fatty acid dimethylolamide, of a condensation product of 1 mol of p-nonylphenol and 9 mol of ethylene oxide and of lauryl triglycol ether sulfate in a weight ratio of 10: 12: 7 (foam and wetting agent)
• 3 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 80 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 27 parts of water.

Analogously, 1000 parts of the 50% aqueous copolymer dispersion T can also be used to produce the foam.

Example 10: A foam composed as described below is applied to a glass fiber fabric by means of a doctor blade with a layer height of 1.5 mm and a speed of 8 m / minute in one line, then a flame-retarded cotton fabric (flame retardant used: 3-dimethylphosphono- propionic acid-methylolamide) wet laminated without tension and then immediately passed into a warming channel and dried at 100 ° C.

The dry coating of polymer is 100 g / m ² . The material leaving the drying tunnel with 10% residual moisture is cooled to room temperature and cold pressed between two rollers. The mixture is then condensed at 180 ° C. for 30 seconds. A laminated textile material with good air and water vapor permeability is obtained, which is also permanently flame-retardant.

• 1000 Teile der 45 %igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion B₂
• 35 Teile einer 75 %igen, wässrigen Lösung von Glyoxalmonourein (Knitterfestmittel)
• 120 Teile Decabromdiphenyloxyd (Flammschutzmittel)
• 10 Teile Natriumlaurylsulfat (40 %ig, wässrig)
• 0,5 Teile Hydroxyäthylcellulose
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 75 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30 %ig, wässrig)
• 10 Teile Wasser

With the help of the foaming system specified in Example 1, the coating system is fed with a foam (liter weight 150 g), which is produced from the following preparation:

• 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion B ₂
• 35 parts of a 75% aqueous solution of glyoxal monourein (anti-crease)
• 120 parts decabromodiphenyl oxide (flame retardant)
• 10 parts sodium lauryl sulfate (40%, aqueous)
• 0.5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 75 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 10 parts water

Example 11: On a polyester fabric vapor-coated with aluminum

(200 g / m ² ), a foam composed as described below is applied in one stroke by means of a roller knife with a layer height of 1.5 mm and a speed of 20 m / minute, then a cotton-polyester (67:33) fabric (120 g / m ² ) wet laminated with low tension and then immediately passed into a warming channel and dried at 100 ° C. The dry coating of polymer is 90 g / m ² . The dried material is cooled to room temperature and cold pressed between two rollers. The laminate is then padded with an aqueous liquor (liquor absorption: 50%) which is in liters.

30 g of a 26% aqueous emulsion in perchlorethylene of a dimethylpolysiloxane and a polyethylene wax in a weight ratio of 2.8: 1 as a softening agent
contains, dried at 100 to 120 ° C and subjected to a heat treatment at 150 ° C for 4 minutes. A laminated textile material is obtained which is opaque and heat-reflecting and which also has good grip properties.

• 1000 Teile der 45 %igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion B₂
• 50 Teile Aminoplastharz (50 %ige, wässrige Lösung von Dimethyloläthylenharnstoff und einem modifizierten Methylolmelamin im Gewichtsverhältnis 7:3)
• 5 Teile 2-Amino-2-methyl-l-propanol Hydrochlorid (Härtungskatalysator)
• 150 Teile Titandioxyd
• 10 Teile eines schwarzen Pigmentfarbstoffes für Textildruck
• 2 Teile Hydroxyäthylcellulose
• 20 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 60 Teile Ammoniumstearat (30 %ig, wässrig)
• 100 Teile Wasser

With the aid of the foaming system specified in Example 1, the coating system is fed with a foam (liter weight 130 g) which is produced from the following preparation:

• 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion B ₂
• 50 parts of aminoplast resin (50% aqueous solution of dimethylolethylene urea and a modified methylolmelamine in a weight ratio of 7: 3)
• 5 parts of 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol hydrochloride (curing catalyst)
• 150 parts of titanium dioxide
• 10 parts of a black pigment dye for textile printing
• 2 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose
• 20 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 60 parts of ammonium stearate (30%, aqueous)
• 100 parts of water

• 1000 Teile der 45 %igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion B₂
• 35 Teile einer 75 %igen, wässrigen Lösung von Glyoxalmonourein (Knitterfestmittel)
• 10 Teile einer 38 %igen, wässrigen Lösung von Monoäthanolammoniumlaurylsulfat (Verschäumungsmittel)
• 2 Teile eines pulverförmigen Verdickungsmittels auf Zellulosebasis
• 75 Teile einer 35 %igen Lösung von Ammoniumstearat und Ammoniumnitrat im Gewichtsverhältnis 5,7:1 (Stabilisierungsmittel)
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 20 Teile Wasser

Example 12: The procedure is as described in Example 1, but a foam is used which is produced from the following preparation:

• 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion B ₂
• 35 parts of a 75% aqueous solution of glyoxal monourein (anti-crease)
• 10 parts of a 38% aqueous solution of monoethanol ammonium lauryl sulfate (foaming agent)
• 2 parts of a powdered cellulosic thickener
• 75 parts of a 35% solution of ammonium stearate and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of 5.7: 1 (stabilizing agent)
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 20 parts of water

A laminated textile material is obtained which has the properties given in Example 1.

• Analoge Zubereitung unter Ersatz von
• 1000 Teilen der 45 %igen Copolymerisatdispersion B₂ durch
• 1000 Teile der 50 %igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion B₁.
• 1000 Teile der 45 %igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion B
• 35 Teile einer 75 %igen, wässrigen Lösung von Glyoxalmonourein (Knitterfestmittel)
• 10 Teile einer 38 %igen, wässrigen Lösung von Monoäthanolammoniumlaurylsulfat (Verschäumungsmittel)
• 2 Teile eines pulverförmigen Verdickungsmittel auf Zellulosebasis
• 75 Teile einer 35 %igen Lösung von Ammoniumstearat und Ammoniumnitrat im Gewichtsverhältnis 5,7:1 (Stabilisierungsmittel)
• 200 Teile einer 18 %igen, wässrigen Eumulsion mit Paraffin von

The same results are also achieved if the foam is produced from one of the 3 preparations below:

• Analog preparation with replacement of
• 1000 parts of the 45% copolymer dispersion B ₂
• 1000 parts of the 50% aqueous copolymer dispersion B ₁ .
• 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion B
• 35 parts of a 75% aqueous solution of glyoxal monourein (anti-crease)
• 10 parts of a 38% aqueous solution of monoethanol ammonium lauryl sulfate (foaming agent)
• 2 parts of a powdered cellulosic thickener
• 75 parts of a 35% solution of ammonium stearate and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of 5.7: 1 (stabilizing agent)
• 200 parts of an 18% aqueous eumulsion with paraffin from

• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 20 Teile Wasser
• 1000 Teile der 45 %igen, wässrigen Copolymerisatdispersion R
• 35 Teile einer 75 %igen, wässrigen Lösung von Glyoxalmonourein (Knitterfestmittel)
• 10 Teile einer 38 %igen, wässrigen Lösung von Monoäthanolammoniumlaurylsulfat (Verschäumungsmittel)
• 3 Teile eines pulverförmigen Verdickungsmittels auf Zellulosebasis
• 75 Teile einer 35 %igen Lösung von Ammoniumstearat und Ammoniumnitrat im Gewichtsverhältnis 5,7:1 (Stabilisierungsmittel)
• 15 Teile Ammoniak (25 %ig, wässrig)
• 50 Teile Wasser

Hexamethylolmelamine hexaethyl ether (water repellent)

• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 20 parts of water
• 1000 parts of the 45% aqueous copolymer dispersion R
• 35 parts of a 75% aqueous solution of glyoxal monourein (anti-crease)
• 10 parts of a 38% aqueous solution of monoethanol ammonium lauryl sulfate (foaming agent)
• 3 parts of a powdered cellulosic thickener
• 75 parts of a 35% solution of ammonium stearate and ammonium nitrate in a weight ratio of 5.7: 1 (stabilizing agent)
• 15 parts of ammonia (25%, aqueous)
• 50 parts of water

Claims (10)

1. Process for the continuous production of laminated, optionally elastic textile materials with good air and / or water vapor permeability, characterized in that a foamed aqueous preparation is applied to a first textile web in the tensionless state (a _l ) a self-crosslinking copolymer based on acrylate, (a ₂ ) a self-crosslinking vinyl-acrylate copolymer or (a ₃ ) a self-crosslinking olefin-vinyl copolymer, (b) optionally a curable, crosslinking, polyfunctional aminoplast precondensate or aminoplast former ,. (c) a surfactant foaming agent, (d) a stabilizer, (e) optionally a wetting agent, (f) optionally a thickener and (g) an amine or alkanolamine having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or ammonia contains, a second textile web, if necessary under low tension, wet-laminated onto the coated side of the first web, then dries, optionally pressing the two webs together, and then subjecting it to a curing heat treatment. 2. The method according to claim 1 for the production of laminated, elastic textile materials with good air and water vapor permeability, characterized in that a foamed aqueous preparation is applied to the first textile web, the (a _l ) a self-crosslinking copolymer based on acrylate, (b) a curable, crosslinking polyfunctional aminoplast precondensate, (c) a surfactant foaming agent, (d) a stabilizer, (e) optionally a wetting agent (f) optionally a thickener and (g) ammonia contains, and the second textile web is laminated without tension on the coated side of the first web. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that as a component (a) from a copolymer (1) 50 to 95 percent by weight of at least one acrylic acid ester with 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the ester residue, (2) 1 to 40 percent by weight acrylonitrile, (3) 2 to 10 percent by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 3 or 4 carbon atoms and / or the optionally methylated N-methylolamide of these monocarboxylic acids, and (4) 0 to 20 percent by weight of another copolymerizable unsaturated compound other than components (1), (2) and (3), starts. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a component (a ₂ ) from a copolymer 20 to 95 percent by weight of at least one methacrylic or acrylic acid ester with 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the ester part as component (1), 5 to 80 percent by weight of a copolymerizable vinyl ester of an organic acid with 1 to 18 carbon atoms as component (5), 0 to 10 percent by weight of at least one compound of the formula which is optionally methylolated and optionally etherified with alkanols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms

where R _{1 is} hydrogen or methyl, A is methylene or -CO-, B is the direct bond, -0- or -NH-, R _{2 is} alkyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1 to 11, as component (6 ) and 0 to 10 percent by weight of another copolymerizable compound other than components (1), (5) and (6) as component (7) or 50 to 90 percent by weight of the specified component (5), 0 to 10 percent by weight of the specified component (6) and 10 to 40 percent by weight of an olefin as component (8) starts. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that one as component (b) methylolated, optionally etherified ureas, ethylene ureas or melamine or glyoxal monourein, as component (c) optionally ethoxylated fatty alcohols with 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkylarylsulfonic acids with 4 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, alkylsulfonic acids and alkyl sulfates with 8 to 24 carbon atoms, fatty alcohol or alkyl (C ₄ -C ₁₂ ) esterified with sulfuric or phosphoric acid phenol ethylene oxide adducts with 5 to 100 ethylene oxide units or their alkali metal or ammonium salts, as component (d) ammonium or amine salts of fatty acids with 8 to 24 carbon atoms or fatty acid-alkanolamine reaction products, as component (s) ethoxylated fatty alcohols (C ₈ -C ₂₄ ) or alkyl ( ^C ₄ - ^C ₁₂ ) phenols with 1 to 9 ethylene oxide units and as component (f) optionally modified cellulose, polyvinyl alcohols, alginates, locust bean gum or synthetic polyacrylic-based thickeners starts. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the application of the foamed aqueous preparation onto the first textile web by knife coating with a layer density of 0.5 to 3 mm, the application and the subsequent wet lamination of the second textile web being carried out at temperatures of 15 to 40 ° C. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the drying of the webs takes place at temperatures up to 100 ° C, then the webs are pressed together with a linear pressure of 5 to 15 kg / m ² and finally the curing at temperatures from 100 ° C to 180 ° C. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fabric is dried at temperatures up to 160 ° C and then cured at temperatures up to 180 ° C. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the textile webs are impregnated with agents for improving the properties before curing. 10. The foamed aqueous preparations used to carry out the method according to one of claims 1 to 9.