EP0019058B1 - Method of thermally insulating parts of buildings - Google Patents

Method of thermally insulating parts of buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0019058B1
EP0019058B1 EP80101477A EP80101477A EP0019058B1 EP 0019058 B1 EP0019058 B1 EP 0019058B1 EP 80101477 A EP80101477 A EP 80101477A EP 80101477 A EP80101477 A EP 80101477A EP 0019058 B1 EP0019058 B1 EP 0019058B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rafters
panel
panels
tongue
incisions
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EP80101477A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0019058A1 (en
Inventor
Benno Hoffmann
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Priority to AT80101477T priority Critical patent/ATE4925T1/en
Publication of EP0019058A1 publication Critical patent/EP0019058A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
    • E04D13/1625—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for supporting the insulating material between the purlins or rafters
    • E04D13/1631—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for supporting the insulating material between the purlins or rafters the means deriving from the nature or the shape of the insulating material itself

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the thermal insulation of building parts, in particular steep roofs, in which rectangular thermal insulation boards made of foam plastic are introduced between rafters, which are provided with incisions on both sides and have tongue and groove profiles all around on the end faces.
  • Tough foam plastics e.g. B. based on polystyrene particle foam
  • B. based on polystyrene particle foam are used on a large scale for the insulation of buildings and parts of buildings, especially roofs, against the influence of cold and heat. They are inherently relatively stiff.
  • the installation of boards made of tough foam plastics as thermal insulation between rafters is much more difficult and time-consuming than with soft fiber insulation materials. Since the rafter spacing usually changes within a field and also from field to field due to inaccurate laying and warping of the rafters, each individual plate must be cut individually. Due to shrinkage or thermal contraction of the rigid foam plastic sheets or due to changes in the shape of the supporting structure, cold bridges or crack damage to roof sealing sheets can form.
  • DE-U1-7906823 describes a plate-shaped molded part made of a tough, hard foam plastic, in which the disadvantages mentioned are largely eliminated.
  • the plate has - preferably on both sides - a plurality of cuts which run perpendicular to the plane of the plate and parallel to an end face, the distances between the cuts being smaller than the plate thickness and the depth of the cuts being greater than half the plate thickness.
  • the plates can be deformed perpendicularly to the cutting plane by means of considerably lower forces, and fitting into predetermined clear openings is made considerably easier. Since not only the compressive rigidity but also the tensile stiffness perpendicular to the cutting plane is reduced, very low holding forces are sufficient to prevent the plates from contracting perpendicular to the cutting plane due to shrinkage or thermal contraction. In practice, this has the advantages that cold bridges due to open butt joints and stress peaks in the outer layers are avoided.
  • the spacing of the rafters fluctuate within wide limits between approximately 55 and 75 cm.
  • several panel widths must be available.
  • the invention was therefore based on the object of developing a method for isolating parts of a building which allows the thermal insulation boards to be laid independently of the spacing of the rafters without significant loss of material.
  • the present invention relates to a method for the thermal insulation of parts of buildings, in particular steep roofs, in which rectangular thermal insulation boards (a, b, c) made of tough foam plastic with a density of 5 to 100 g / l and a thickness of 2 between rafters (S) to 20 cm, which are provided on both sides with a plurality of incisions (E) which are substantially perpendicular to the main plane of the plate and parallel to an end face, the distances between the cuts being smaller than the plate thickness (D), and the depth the incisions are greater than half the plate thickness (D).
  • the plates are adjusted to the rafter spacing by upsetting and joined by tongue and groove profiles running perpendicular to the rafters on one end face of the plates.
  • Tough foam plastics are, according to H. Götze, "Foam plastics", Road Construction, Chemistry and Technology Publishing Company, Heidelberg, page 24, foam bodies which, with increasing pressure, have a progressively progressive, partly reversible deformation, without a pronounced fracture state being achieved, as is the case. e.g. B. is the case with brittle hard foam plastics that fail with increasing pressure load without significant elastic deformation due to sudden collapse of the structure.
  • Preferred foams are those based on polystyrene, in particular polystyrene particle foam.
  • extruded polystyrene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam and tough, rigid polyurethane foam are also suitable, in particular elastic melamine / formaldehyde foam according to German patent application DE-A-2915457, and elastic urea / formaldehyde foam.
  • the density of the foams is between 5 and 100 g / l, preferably between 10 and 50 g / l.
  • the thickness of the foam sheets can be between 2 and 20 cm, preferably between 5 and 15 and in particular between 8 and 12 cm. Their width is preferably 40 to 200, in particular 50 to 80 cm, their length is preferably 40 to 1,000 and in particular 50 to 125 cm.
  • the incisions run essentially perpendicular to the main plane of the plate and parallel to an end face. Slight deviations, e.g. B. up to 10 ° of these directions are tolerable.
  • the distances between the cuts are smaller than the plate thickness and the depth of the cuts is greater than half the plate thickness.
  • the width of the cut slots is determined by the type of tool. It can generally be between 0 and 3 mm, preferably between 0.2 and 2 mm; If the slots are too wide, the insulating effect of the insulation board is impaired and cold bridges can occur.
  • the incisions are made on both sides of the foam sheet, although they must of course be offset from one another.
  • the depth of cut is preferably the same. Parallel incisions are preferred.
  • the tongue and groove profiles can be attached to the foam panels before or after the cuts.
  • the profiles can be milled or cut out of the foam using known methods.
  • the shape and size of the profiles can in principle be designed as desired, whereby of course the tongue and groove must be coordinated.
  • Tongue and groove can have a rectangular or tapered cross-section, but they are preferably somewhat rounded to facilitate assembly.
  • the width of the groove is preferably about half the plate thickness, its depth should preferably be at least 3 cm. It is advisable to choose the overall dimensions of the plate, including the spring profiles, so that the foam blocks from which they are normally cut are used optimally so that waste is reduced to a minimum.
  • the panel-shaped molded parts can be laminated on one or both surfaces parallel to the main panel level.
  • laminating materials come tensile, but slightly flexible materials such.
  • the molded parts With one-sided lamination, the molded parts can be rolled up as webs. Depending on the material used, the lamination serves as tension reinforcement and / or as a vapor barrier and / or as a seal against drafts or water.
  • double-sided lamination double-sided reinforcement is obtained with the same additional functions as with single-sided lamination.
  • the procedure is such that two or possibly more panels are joined together at their end faces running parallel to the rafters by tongue and groove connection, from this panel assembly (a, b) the space between the rafters minus an addition of 0 to 5, preferably cut off 1 to 2 cm protruding panel part (x), compress the cut panel assembly in the transverse direction to the rafters by the addition and thus insert it between the rafters; and in a next laying step joins the cut plate part (x) with a further plate or a plate part in the same way, cuts it to size and fits it between the rafters.
  • the procedure is such that from the plate (c) the plate part (x) projecting beyond the rafter space minus an addition of 0 to 5, preferably 1 to 2 cm, the remaining plate part is cut transversely to the rafters for the addition squeezes and so fits between the rafters; and in a next laying step joins the cut plate part (x) with a further plate or a plate part in the same way, cuts it to size and adjusts it see the rafters brings in.
  • the individual plates or plate assemblies introduced between the rafters are then connected to one another by joining their tongue and groove profiles running transversely to the rafters.
  • the protruding plate parts can be cut off with knives, saws or filaments, preferably with jigsaws.
  • thermal insulation board In the laying method according to the invention there is practically no loss of material due to waste pieces, since the cut-off board parts can be used to a very small extent.
  • Another advantage of the thermal insulation board is that the board manufacturer can limit himself to one board width. As a result, production can be made more rational. With an appropriate choice of panel dimensions, optimal use of the foam blocks is also guaranteed.
  • the packaging and transportation of the panels are also simplified. Warehousing is greatly reduced and simplified for retailers.
  • thermal insulation system there are advantages in planning and purchasing for the tradesman or handyman in that he can use the panel width offered regardless of the rafter spacing. There is also no need to pre-measure the rafter distances for a detailed determination of requirements.
  • Figure 1 shows the side view of two thermal insulation boards of thickness D with a semicircular groove N and tongue F, and the incisions E.
  • Figure 2 shows the first installation case, in which the board width B (62.5 cm, including spring) is smaller than the distance between the two rafters S (75 cm);
  • Figure 3 shows the second installation case, in which the board width B is larger than the rafter spacing (55 cm).
  • the plates have the same length L (62.5 cm, including spring) and thickness (10 cm).
  • the cut panel parts x, y and z are cut off along the dividing line T and are then used again in the next laying process.
  • the addition (1 cm) described above is not taken into account in the drawing.
  • the dimensions in brackets refer to a practical test.

Abstract

Rectangular heat-insulating panels of a semi-rigid foam plastic, in particular a foam produced from polystyrene beads, are provided on both sides with a plurality of incisions which run at right angles to the principal plane of the panel and parallel to one end face. The four end faces each have matching tongue and groove profiles. The insulating panels may be used for the heat insulation of parts of buildings, especially of pitched roofs.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum thermischen Isolieren von Gebäudeteilen, insbesondere von Steildächern, bei dem zwichen Dachsparren rechteckige Wärmedämmplatten aus Schaumkunststoff eingebracht werden, die beidseitig mit Einschnitten versehen sind und an den Stirnflächen umlaufend Nut- und Feder-Profile aufweisen.The invention relates to a method for the thermal insulation of building parts, in particular steep roofs, in which rectangular thermal insulation boards made of foam plastic are introduced between rafters, which are provided with incisions on both sides and have tongue and groove profiles all around on the end faces.

Zähharte Schaumkunststoffe, z. B. auf Basis von Polystyrol-Partikelschaum, werden in großem Maßstab zur Isolierung von Gebäuden und Gebäudeteilen, vor allem von Dächern, gegen den Einfluß von Kälte und Wärme eingesetzt. Sie besitzen von Natur aus eine verhältnismäßig hohe Steifigkeit. Als Folge dieser hohen mechanischen Steifigkeit ist beispielsweise der Einbau von Platten aus zähharten Schaumkunststoffen als Wärmedämmung zwischen Dachsparren viel schwieriger und zeitraubender als bei weichen Faserdämmstoffen. Da sich der Sparrenabstand innerhalb eines Feldes und auch von Feld zu Feld durch ungenaue Verlegung und durch Verziehen der Sparren meist ändert, muß jede einzelne Platte individuell zurechtgeschnitten werden. Durch Schwindung oder thermische Kontraktion der steifen Schaumkunststoff-Platten oder durch Formänderungen der Tragkonstruktion können sich Kältebrücken oder Rißschäden an Dachdichtungsbahnen bilden.Tough foam plastics, e.g. B. based on polystyrene particle foam, are used on a large scale for the insulation of buildings and parts of buildings, especially roofs, against the influence of cold and heat. They are inherently relatively stiff. As a result of this high mechanical rigidity, for example, the installation of boards made of tough foam plastics as thermal insulation between rafters is much more difficult and time-consuming than with soft fiber insulation materials. Since the rafter spacing usually changes within a field and also from field to field due to inaccurate laying and warping of the rafters, each individual plate must be cut individually. Due to shrinkage or thermal contraction of the rigid foam plastic sheets or due to changes in the shape of the supporting structure, cold bridges or crack damage to roof sealing sheets can form.

In der DE-U1-7906823 ist ein plattenförmiges Formteil aus einem zähharten Schaumkunststoff beschrieben, bei dem die genannten Nachteile weitgehend behoben sind. Die Platte weist - vorzugsweise beidseitig - eine Vielzahl von Einschnitten auf, die senkrecht zur Plattenebene und parallel zu einer Stirnfläche verlaufen, wobei die Abstände zwischen den Einschnitten kleiner sind als die Plattendicke, und die Tiefe der Einschnitte größer ist als die halbe Plattendicke.DE-U1-7906823 describes a plate-shaped molded part made of a tough, hard foam plastic, in which the disadvantages mentioned are largely eliminated. The plate has - preferably on both sides - a plurality of cuts which run perpendicular to the plane of the plate and parallel to an end face, the distances between the cuts being smaller than the plate thickness and the depth of the cuts being greater than half the plate thickness.

Durch diese Maßnahme werden die Platten senkrecht zur Schnittebene durch wesentlich geringere Kräfte verformbar und das Einpassen in vorgegebene lichte Öffnungen wird wesentlich erleichtert. Da nicht nur die Druck- sondern auch die Zugsteifigkeit senkrecht zur Schnittebene verringert ist, genügen bereits sehr geringe Haltekräfte, um ein Zusammenziehen der Platten senkrecht zur Schnittebene durch Schwindung oder thermische Kontraktion zu vermeiden. Daraus ergeben sich für die Praxis die Vorteile, daß Kältebrücken durch geöffnete Stoßfugen sowie Spannungspitzen in Deckschichten vermieden werden.As a result of this measure, the plates can be deformed perpendicularly to the cutting plane by means of considerably lower forces, and fitting into predetermined clear openings is made considerably easier. Since not only the compressive rigidity but also the tensile stiffness perpendicular to the cutting plane is reduced, very low holding forces are sufficient to prevent the plates from contracting perpendicular to the cutting plane due to shrinkage or thermal contraction. In practice, this has the advantages that cold bridges due to open butt joints and stress peaks in the outer layers are avoided.

Bei Steildächern schwanken die Abstände der Dachsparren in weiten Grenzen zwischen etwa 55 und 75 cm. Beim Verlegen der beschriebenen Wärmeisolierplatten zur Dachisolierung müssen also mehrere Plattenbreiten verfügbar sein.In the case of pitched roofs, the spacing of the rafters fluctuate within wide limits between approximately 55 and 75 cm. When laying the described thermal insulation panels for roof insulation, several panel widths must be available.

Da man jedoch nicht unendlich viele Plattenbreiten bereitstellen kann, müssen in der Verlegepraxis in den meisten Fällen die Platten dem tatsächlichen Sparrenabstand entsprechend zurechtgeschnitten werden. Dies führt beim Verleger zu Materialverlust und macht eine Beseitigung der Abfallstücke notwendig. Der Plattenhersteller ist gezwungen, mehrere Plattentypen mit verschiedenen Breiten zu produzieren, für der Händler ergibt sich eine aufwendige Lagerhaltung. Beides schlägt bei den Kosten zu Buche.However, since it is not possible to provide an infinite number of panel widths, in most cases in practice the panels have to be cut to the actual rafter spacing. This leads to material loss for the installer and makes it necessary to remove the pieces of waste. The plate manufacturer is forced to produce several plate types with different widths, for the dealer there is a lot of storage. Both have an impact on costs.

Der Erfindung lag also die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Isolieren von Gebäudeteilen zu entwickeln, welches erlaubt, die Wärmedämmplatten unabhängig von dem Abstand der Dachsparren ohne wesentlichen Materialverlust zu verlegen.The invention was therefore based on the object of developing a method for isolating parts of a building which allows the thermal insulation boards to be laid independently of the spacing of the rafters without significant loss of material.

Es ist bekannt, z. B. aus der DE-A-27 51 112, daß Schaumstoff-Dämmplatten zweidimensional dadurch miteinander verbunden werden können, daß man an den Platten an allen vier Stirnflächen jeweils einander gegenüberliegend Nut- und Feder-Profile anbringt und sie dann zusammensteckt. Bei dem speziellen, in der DE-A-27 51 112 beschriebenen Verfahren werden die Platten aber direkt auf die Dachsparren genagelt und nicht zwischen die Sparren eingebracht, so daß diese Druckschrift zur Lösung der oben genannten Aufgabe keinen Beitrag leisten kann.It is known e.g. B. from DE-A-27 51 112 that foam insulation boards can be connected two-dimensionally by attaching mutually opposite tongue and groove profiles to the plates on all four end faces and then plugging them together. In the special method described in DE-A-27 51 112, however, the plates are nailed directly onto the rafters and are not inserted between the rafters, so that this publication cannot make a contribution to the solution of the above-mentioned task.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum thermischen Isolieren von Gebäudeteilen, insbesondere von Steildächern, bei dem zwischen Dachsparren (S) rechteckige Wärmedämmplatten (a, b, c) aus zähhartem Schaumkunststoff einer Dichte von 5 bis 100 g/I mit einer Dicke von 2 bis 20 cm, welche auf beiden Seiten mit einer Vielzahl von Einschnitten (E) versehen sind, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Plattenhauptebene und parallel zu einer Stirnfläche verlaufen, wobei die Abstände zwischen den Einschnitten kleiner sind als die Plattendicke (D), und die Tiefe der Einschnitte größer ist als die halbe Plattendicke (D), eingebracht werden. Die Platten werden durch Stauchen an den Sparrenabstand angepaßt und durch zu den Sparren senkrecht verlaufende Nut-Feder-Profile an den einen Stirnseiten der Platten zusammengefügt.The present invention relates to a method for the thermal insulation of parts of buildings, in particular steep roofs, in which rectangular thermal insulation boards (a, b, c) made of tough foam plastic with a density of 5 to 100 g / l and a thickness of 2 between rafters (S) to 20 cm, which are provided on both sides with a plurality of incisions (E) which are substantially perpendicular to the main plane of the plate and parallel to an end face, the distances between the cuts being smaller than the plate thickness (D), and the depth the incisions are greater than half the plate thickness (D). The plates are adjusted to the rafter spacing by upsetting and joined by tongue and groove profiles running perpendicular to the rafters on one end face of the plates.

Dieses Verfahren ist durch folgende Schritte gekennzeichnet:

  • - von einer Platte (c) mit weiteren zu den Sparren parallel verlaufenden Nut-Feder-Profilen oder einem aus mehreren solchen Platten, an ihren zu den Sparren (S) parallel verlaufenden Stirnflächen durch die weiteren Nut- und Feder- profile zusammengefügten Plattenverbund (a, b) wird der über den Sparrenzwischenraum zuzüglich einer Zugabe von 0 bis 5 cm, vorzugsweise 1 bis 2 cm überstehende Plattenteil (x, y, z) abgeschnitten,
  • - die zurechtgeschnittene Platte bzw. der Plattenverbund wird in Querrichtung zu den Sparren (S) um die Zugabe zusammengedrückt und so zwischen die Sparren (S) eingebracht,
  • - der abgeschnittene Plattenteil (x, y, z) wird mit einer weiteren Platte bzw. einem Plattenteil in gleicher Weise zusammengefügt, zurechtgeschnitten und zwischen die Sparren eingebracht.
This process is characterized by the following steps:
  • - of a plate (c) with further tongue and groove profiles running parallel to the rafters or one of several such plates, on their end faces running parallel to the rafters (S), joined together by the further tongue and groove profiles (a , b) the plate part (x, y, z) protruding beyond the rafter space plus an addition of 0 to 5 cm, preferably 1 to 2 cm, is cut off,
  • the cut-to-size plate or the plate composite is compressed in the transverse direction to the rafters (S) by the addition and thus introduced between the rafters (S),
  • - The cut plate part (x, y, z) with another plate or a plate part in assembled in the same way, cut to size and inserted between the rafters.

Zähharte Schaumkunststoffe sind nach H. Götze, « Schaumkunststoffe », Straßenbau, Chemie und Technik Verlagsgesellschaft, Heidelberg, Seite 24, Schaumkörper, die mit zunehmender Druckbelastung eine stetig fortschreitende, teilweise reversible Verformung aufweisen, ohne daß ein ausgeprägter Bruchzustand erreicht wird, wie es. z. B. bei sprödharten Schaumkunststoffen der Fall ist, die bei steigender Druckbelastung ohne nennenswerte elastische Verformung durch plötzlichen Zusammenbruch des Gefüges versagen.Tough foam plastics are, according to H. Götze, "Foam plastics", Road Construction, Chemistry and Technology Publishing Company, Heidelberg, page 24, foam bodies which, with increasing pressure, have a progressively progressive, partly reversible deformation, without a pronounced fracture state being achieved, as is the case. e.g. B. is the case with brittle hard foam plastics that fail with increasing pressure load without significant elastic deformation due to sudden collapse of the structure.

Bevorzugte Schaumstoffe sind solche auf Basis von Polystyrol, insbesondere Polystyrol-Partikelschaum. Daneben sind auch extrudierter Polystyrolschaum, Polyvinylchloridschaum und zähhart eingestellter Polyurethanschaum geeignet, insbesondere auch elastischer Melamin/Formaldehyd-Schaum nach der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE-A-2915457, sowie elastischer Harnstoff/ Formaldehyd-Schaum.Preferred foams are those based on polystyrene, in particular polystyrene particle foam. In addition, extruded polystyrene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam and tough, rigid polyurethane foam are also suitable, in particular elastic melamine / formaldehyde foam according to German patent application DE-A-2915457, and elastic urea / formaldehyde foam.

Die Dichte der Schaumstoffe liegt zwischen 5 und 100 g/l, vorzugsweise zwischen 10 und 50 g/I. Die Dicke der Schaumstoffplatten kann zwischen 2 und 20 cm, vorzugsweise zwischen 5 und 15 und incbesondere zwischen 8 und 12 cm liegen. Ihre Breite beträgt vorzugsweise 40 bis 200, insbesondere 50 bis 80 cm, ihre Länge vorzugsweise 40 bis 1 000 und insbesondere 50 bis 125 cm.The density of the foams is between 5 and 100 g / l, preferably between 10 and 50 g / l. The thickness of the foam sheets can be between 2 and 20 cm, preferably between 5 and 15 and in particular between 8 and 12 cm. Their width is preferably 40 to 200, in particular 50 to 80 cm, their length is preferably 40 to 1,000 and in particular 50 to 125 cm.

Die Einschnitte verlaufen im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Plattenhauptebene und parallel zu einer Stirnfläche. Geringe Abweichungen, z. B. um bis zu 10° von diesen Richtungen sind tolerierbar.The incisions run essentially perpendicular to the main plane of the plate and parallel to an end face. Slight deviations, e.g. B. up to 10 ° of these directions are tolerable.

Die Abstände zwischen den Einschnitten sind kleiner als die Plattendicke, und die Tiefe der Einschnitte ist größer als die halbe Plattendicke. Die Breite der eingeschnittenen Schlitze wird von der Art des Werkzeugs bestimmt. Sie kann im allgemeinen zwischen 0 und 3 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,2 und 2 mm, liegen ; bei zu breiten Schlitzen wird die Isolierwirkung der Dämmplatte beeinträchtigt und es können Kältebrücken entstehen.The distances between the cuts are smaller than the plate thickness and the depth of the cuts is greater than half the plate thickness. The width of the cut slots is determined by the type of tool. It can generally be between 0 and 3 mm, preferably between 0.2 and 2 mm; If the slots are too wide, the insulating effect of the insulation board is impaired and cold bridges can occur.

Es gibt verschiedene Methoden, nach denen die Einschnitte in den Platten angebracht werden können. Als Werkzeuge kommen z. B. Sägen, Schneidringe, rotierende Messer, Glühdrähte oder oszillierende Drähte in Frage.There are various methods by which the incisions can be made in the panels. As tools come e.g. B. saws, cutting rings, rotating knives, filaments or oscillating wires in question.

Die Einschnitte sind auf beiden Seiten der Schaumstoffplatte angebracht, wobei sie natürlich gegeneinander versetzt sein müssen. Die Schnittiefe ist vorzugsweise gleich. Bevorzugt sind parallele Einschnitte.The incisions are made on both sides of the foam sheet, although they must of course be offset from one another. The depth of cut is preferably the same. Parallel incisions are preferred.

Die Nut- und Federprofile können an den Schaumstoffplatten vor oder nach den Einschnitten angebracht werden. Man kann die Profile nach bekannten Methoden aus dem Schaumstoff herausfräsen oder herausschneiden. Die Form und die Größe der Profile kann grundsätzlich beliebig gestaltet werden, wobei näturlich Nut und Feder aufeinander abgestimmt sein müssen. Nut und Feder können einen rechteckigen oder konisch zulaufenden Querschnitt haben, zur Erleichterung des Zusammenfügens sind sie aber bevorzugt etwas abgerundet.The tongue and groove profiles can be attached to the foam panels before or after the cuts. The profiles can be milled or cut out of the foam using known methods. The shape and size of the profiles can in principle be designed as desired, whereby of course the tongue and groove must be coordinated. Tongue and groove can have a rectangular or tapered cross-section, but they are preferably somewhat rounded to facilitate assembly.

Die Breite der Nut beträgt vorzugsweise etwa die Hälfte der Plattendicke, ihre Tiefe sollte vorzugsweise mindestens 3 cm betragen. Es empfiehlt sich, die Gesamtabmessungen der Platte, also einschließlich der Federprofile, so zu wählen, daß die Schaumstoffblöcke, aus denen man sie normalerweise schneidet, optimal genutzt werden, so daß der Abfall auf ein Mindestmaß reduziert wird.The width of the groove is preferably about half the plate thickness, its depth should preferably be at least 3 cm. It is advisable to choose the overall dimensions of the plate, including the spring profiles, so that the foam blocks from which they are normally cut are used optimally so that waste is reduced to a minimum.

Die plattenförmigen Formteile können wie herkömmliche Dämmstoffe auf einer oder beiden zur Plattenhauptebene parallelen Oberfläche kaschiert werden. Als Kaschiermaterialien kommen zugfeste, aber leicht biegsame Materialien, z. B. Vliese, Gewebe, aus Textil- oder Glasfasern, Metall-Folien oder Kunststoff-Folien oder Bitumendichtungsbahnen in Frage. Bei einseitiger Kaschierung werden die Formteile als Bahnen aufrollbar. Die Kaschierung dient je nach verwendetem Material im Einbauzustand als Zugarmierung und/oder als Dampfbremse und/oder als Abdichtung gegen Luftzug oder Wasser. Durch eine beidseitige Kaschierung erhält man eine beidseitige Armierung mit gleichen Zusatzfunktionen wie bei einseitiger Kaschierung.Like conventional insulation materials, the panel-shaped molded parts can be laminated on one or both surfaces parallel to the main panel level. As laminating materials come tensile, but slightly flexible materials such. B. nonwovens, fabrics, made of textile or glass fibers, metal foils or plastic foils or bitumen waterproofing membranes in question. With one-sided lamination, the molded parts can be rolled up as webs. Depending on the material used, the lamination serves as tension reinforcement and / or as a vapor barrier and / or as a seal against drafts or water. With double-sided lamination, double-sided reinforcement is obtained with the same additional functions as with single-sided lamination.

Die Wärmedämmplatten dienen zum thermischen Isolieren von unterteilten Flächen, insbesondere von Steildächern, wobei die Platten nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zwischen die Dachsparren eingebracht werden. Beim Verlegen muß man zwei Fälle unterscheiden (Figuren 2 und 3) :

  • - die Plattenbreite ist kleiner als der Sparrenabstand und
  • - die Plattenbreite ist größer als der Sparrenabstand.
The thermal insulation boards are used for the thermal insulation of subdivided surfaces, in particular of steep roofs, the boards being inserted between the rafters using the method according to the invention. There are two cases when laying (Figures 2 and 3):
  • - The plate width is smaller than the rafter spacing and
  • - The plate width is larger than the rafter spacing.

Beim ersten Fall geht man so vor, daß man zwei oder gegebenenfalls mehr Platten an ihren zu den Sparren parallel laufenden Stirnflächen durch Nut- und Federverbindung zusammenfügt, von diesem Plattenverbund (a, b) den über den Sparrenzwischenraum abzüglich einer Zugabe von 0 bis 5, vorzugsweise 1 bis 2 cm überstehenden Plattenteil (x) abschneidet, den zurechtgeschnittenen Plattenverbund in Querrichtung zu den Sparren um die Zugabe zusammendrückt und so zwischen die Sparren einbringt ; und in einem nächsten Verlegeschritt den abgeschnittenen Plattenteil (x) mit einer weiteren Platte bzw. einem Plattenteil in gleicher Weise zusammenfügt, zurechtschneidet und zwischen die Sparren einbrigt.In the first case, the procedure is such that two or possibly more panels are joined together at their end faces running parallel to the rafters by tongue and groove connection, from this panel assembly (a, b) the space between the rafters minus an addition of 0 to 5, preferably cut off 1 to 2 cm protruding panel part (x), compress the cut panel assembly in the transverse direction to the rafters by the addition and thus insert it between the rafters; and in a next laying step joins the cut plate part (x) with a further plate or a plate part in the same way, cuts it to size and fits it between the rafters.

Im zweiten Fall wird so verfahren, daß man von der Platte (c) den über den Sparrenzwischenraum abzüglich einer Zugabe von 0 bis 5, vorzugsweise 1 bis 2 cm überstehenden Plattenteil (x) abschneidet, den verbleibenden Plattenteil in Querrichtung zu den Sparren um die Zugabe zusammendrückt und so zwischen die Sparren einbrigt; und in einem nächsten Verlegeschritt den abgeschnittenen Plattenteil (x) mit einer weiteren Platte bzw. einem Plattenteil in gleicher Weise zusammenfügt, zurechtschneidet und zwisehen die Sparren einbringt.In the second case, the procedure is such that from the plate (c) the plate part (x) projecting beyond the rafter space minus an addition of 0 to 5, preferably 1 to 2 cm, the remaining plate part is cut transversely to the rafters for the addition squeezes and so fits between the rafters; and in a next laying step joins the cut plate part (x) with a further plate or a plate part in the same way, cuts it to size and adjusts it see the rafters brings in.

In beiden Fällen werden anschließend die einzelnen zwischen die Sparren eingebrachten Platten bzw. Plattenverbunde durch Zusammenfügen ihrer quer zu den Sparren verlaufenden Nut- und Federprofile miteinander verbunden. Beim Verlegen der Platten zwischen den schrägen Dachsparren arbeitet man zweckmäßigerweise von unten nach oben. Das Abschneiden der überstehenden Plattenteile kann mit Messern, Sägen oder Glühdrähten vorgenommen werden, vorzugsweise mit Stichsägen.In both cases, the individual plates or plate assemblies introduced between the rafters are then connected to one another by joining their tongue and groove profiles running transversely to the rafters. When laying the panels between the sloping rafters, it is advisable to work from the bottom up. The protruding plate parts can be cut off with knives, saws or filaments, preferably with jigsaws.

Durch das Zusammendrücken der Platten bzw. des Plattenverbundes erhalten diese eine Spannung quer zu den Sparren. Dadurch halten sie sich selbsttätig zwischen den Sparren fest. Zusätzlich können sie noch an den Sparren durch Stichnägel oder durch Anbringen von Lattenstücken gesichert werden. Durch die Nut- und Feder-Verbindung der einzelnen Platten bzw. Plattenverbunde in Längsrichtung zu den Sparren wird ein ausgezeichneter Sitz und Winddichtigkeit gewährleistet.By compressing the panels or the panel assembly, they receive a tension across the rafters. As a result, they automatically hold on between the rafters. In addition, they can also be secured to the rafters by piercing nails or by attaching slats. The tongue and groove connection of the individual panels or panel assemblies in the longitudinal direction to the rafters ensures excellent fit and windproofness.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verlegeverfahren tritt praktisch kein Materialverlust durch Abfallstücke auf, da die abgeschnittenen Plattenteile bis auf ganz geringe Restmengen weiterverwendet werden können. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Wärmedämmplatte ist darin zu sehen, daß der Plattenhersteller sich auf eine Plattenbreite beschränken kann. Dadurch kann die Produktion rationeller gestaltet werden. Bei entsprechender Wahl der Plattenmaße wird außerdem eine optimale Nutzung der Schaumstoffblöcke gewährleistet. Auch die Verpackung und der Transport der Platten werden vereinfacht. Für den Handel ergibt sich eine stark reduzierte und vereinfachte Lagerhaltung. Bei der Anwendung des Wärmedämmsystems ergeben sich für den Handwerker bzw. Heimwerker Vorteile in der Planung und im Einkauf dadurch, daß er die angebotene Plattenbreite unabhängig vom Sparrenabstand einsetzen kann. Auch das Vorvermessen der Sparrenabstände zur detaillierten Bedarfsermittlung entfällt.In the laying method according to the invention there is practically no loss of material due to waste pieces, since the cut-off board parts can be used to a very small extent. Another advantage of the thermal insulation board is that the board manufacturer can limit himself to one board width. As a result, production can be made more rational. With an appropriate choice of panel dimensions, optimal use of the foam blocks is also guaranteed. The packaging and transportation of the panels are also simplified. Warehousing is greatly reduced and simplified for retailers. When using the thermal insulation system, there are advantages in planning and purchasing for the tradesman or handyman in that he can use the panel width offered regardless of the rafter spacing. There is also no need to pre-measure the rafter distances for a detailed determination of requirements.

In den Zeichnungen sind eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Wärmedämmplatte, sowie die zwei Verlegeprinzipien schematisch dargestellt.In the drawings, a particularly preferred embodiment of the thermal insulation board and the two laying principles are shown schematically.

Figur 1 zeigt die Seitenansicht von zwei Wärmedämmplatten der Dicke D mit halbkreisförmig ausgebildeter Nut N und Feder F, sowie den Einschnitten E.Figure 1 shows the side view of two thermal insulation boards of thickness D with a semicircular groove N and tongue F, and the incisions E.

Figur 2 zeigt den ersten Verlegefall, bei dem die Plattenbreite B (62,5 cm, inclusive Feder) kleiner ist als der Abstand der zwei Sparren S (75 cm) ; Figur 3 zeigt den zweiten Verlegefall, bei dem die Plattenbreite B größer ist als der Sparrenabstand (55 cm). Die Platten haben in beiden Fällen die gleiche Länge L (62,5 cm, inclusive Feder) und Dicke (10 cm). Längs der Trennlinie T werden die abgeschnittenen Plattenteile x, y und z abgetrennt, die dann beim jeweils nächsten Verlegevorgang wieder verwendet werden. Die oben beschriebene Zugabe (1 cm) ist in der Zeichnung nicht berücksichtigt. Die Maßangaben in den Klammern beziehen sich auf einen Praxisversuch.Figure 2 shows the first installation case, in which the board width B (62.5 cm, including spring) is smaller than the distance between the two rafters S (75 cm); Figure 3 shows the second installation case, in which the board width B is larger than the rafter spacing (55 cm). In both cases, the plates have the same length L (62.5 cm, including spring) and thickness (10 cm). The cut panel parts x, y and z are cut off along the dividing line T and are then used again in the next laying process. The addition (1 cm) described above is not taken into account in the drawing. The dimensions in brackets refer to a practical test.

Claims (2)

1. A process for the thermal insulation of parts of buildings, especially pitched roofs, by introducing between rafters (S) rectangular heat-insulating panels (a, b, c) of a semi-rigid foam plastic having a density of from 5 to 100 g/I, which panels are from 2 to 20 cm thick and are provided on both sides with a plurality of incisions (E) which run substantially at right angles to the principal plane of the panel and parallel to one edge, the distances between incisions being less than the panel thickness (D), and the depth of the incisions being greater than half the panel thickness (D), the panels being compressed to match the distance between the rafters, and being joined together at one of their edges by means of tongue and groove profiles running transverse to the rafters, comprising the following steps :
- cutting off from a panel (c) having further tongue and groove profiles running parallel to the rafters, or from an assembly (a, b) of a plurality of such panels joined together at their edges running parallel to the rafters (S) by means of further tongue and groove profiles, the piece of panel (x, y, z) extending beyond the gap between the rafters, less an allowance of up to 5 cm, preferably of from 1 to 2 cm,
- compressing the cut-to-size panel or panel assembly, by the allowance, in the direction transverse to the rafters (S), and introducing it between the rafters (S) in the compressed state, and
- in the same way as described above, connecting the cut-off piece of panel (x, y, z) to another panel or piece of panel, and cutting the resulting panel assembly to size and introducing it between the rafters.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the individual panels or panel assemblies introduced between the rafters are subsequently connected by fitting together their tongue and groove profiles which run transverse to the rafters.
EP80101477A 1979-12-17 1980-03-20 Method of thermally insulating parts of buildings Expired EP0019058B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80101477T ATE4925T1 (en) 1979-12-17 1980-03-20 PROCESS FOR THERMAL INSULATION OF BUILDING COMPONENTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19797935446U DE7935446U1 (en) 1979-12-17 1979-12-17 THERMAL INSULATION PLATE
DE7935446U 1979-12-17

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100280A Division EP0056640A3 (en) 1979-12-17 1980-03-20 Heat insulated panels for mounting between rafters
EP82100280.5 Division-Into 1980-03-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0019058A1 EP0019058A1 (en) 1980-11-26
EP0019058B1 true EP0019058B1 (en) 1983-10-05

Family

ID=6710000

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100280A Ceased EP0056640A3 (en) 1979-12-17 1980-03-20 Heat insulated panels for mounting between rafters
EP80101477A Expired EP0019058B1 (en) 1979-12-17 1980-03-20 Method of thermally insulating parts of buildings

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100280A Ceased EP0056640A3 (en) 1979-12-17 1980-03-20 Heat insulated panels for mounting between rafters

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4426818A (en)
EP (2) EP0056640A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS6017909B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE4925T1 (en)
AU (1) AU6543280A (en)
CA (1) CA1157629A (en)
DE (2) DE7935446U1 (en)
DK (1) DK534480A (en)
IE (1) IE50521B1 (en)
NO (1) NO803749L (en)
NZ (1) NZ195843A (en)

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DE8311026U1 (en) * 1983-04-14 1983-07-21 Rheinhold & Mahla Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim SELF-SUPPORTING INSULATION PLATE
JPS60184903U (en) * 1984-05-18 1985-12-07 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 Insulation material inserted between parts
US4813193A (en) * 1984-08-13 1989-03-21 Altizer Wayne D Modular building panel
DE3526715A1 (en) * 1985-07-26 1987-01-29 Ispo Gmbh INSULATION PANEL
DE8602811U1 (en) * 1986-02-04 1986-03-13 Eduard Dyckerhoff Gmbh, 3057 Neustadt Thermal insulation board
US4887405A (en) * 1989-01-27 1989-12-19 Nickerson Jeffrey A Compressible foam insert for building blocks
US5131458A (en) * 1991-03-25 1992-07-21 Davis Energy Group, Inc. Modular back side radiant heating panels with spring retention devices
IE77649B1 (en) * 1991-05-09 1997-12-31 Leanort Ltd Improvements in and relating to insulation boards for use between rafters
SE501682C2 (en) * 1992-08-24 1995-04-24 Ericsson Karl Gustav Disc construction and process for making them
DE9314719U1 (en) * 1993-09-29 1994-01-13 Algostat Gmbh & Co Kg Insulation board
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EP0703328B1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1999-03-31 Wiehofsky, Margot Base for plaster
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US20060010793A1 (en) * 2004-07-15 2006-01-19 Martino Ralph A Indexing ribs for assembling a door, and door
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE4925T1 (en) 1983-10-15
IE802532L (en) 1981-06-17
EP0056640A2 (en) 1982-07-28
JPS6017909B2 (en) 1985-05-07
JPS5693945A (en) 1981-07-29
EP0056640A3 (en) 1982-08-04
IE50521B1 (en) 1986-04-30
NZ195843A (en) 1983-07-29
DE7935446U1 (en) 1980-04-03
NO803749L (en) 1981-06-18
DE3065109D1 (en) 1983-11-10
DK534480A (en) 1981-06-18
EP0019058A1 (en) 1980-11-26
US4426818A (en) 1984-01-24
AU6543280A (en) 1981-06-25
CA1157629A (en) 1983-11-29

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