EP0018575B1 - Separator - Google Patents

Separator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0018575B1
EP0018575B1 EP80102150A EP80102150A EP0018575B1 EP 0018575 B1 EP0018575 B1 EP 0018575B1 EP 80102150 A EP80102150 A EP 80102150A EP 80102150 A EP80102150 A EP 80102150A EP 0018575 B1 EP0018575 B1 EP 0018575B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separator
drum
pressure chamber
static pressure
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80102150A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0018575A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Dr. Schütte
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Publication of EP0018575A1 publication Critical patent/EP0018575A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/12—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with continuous discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a separator for separating immiscible liquids which contain solids which are specifically heavier than the heavier liquids, with a rotating and provided with a separating conical drum, protrude into the feed pipe, gripper and drain pipe, the drum within one is arranged stationary chamber and has openings on the equator, which open into the stationary chamber and the stationary chamber is provided with a removal device and the slope of the walls of the conical drum is greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the solid to be separated.
  • Liquids from chemical processes usually contain solid contaminants such as e.g. B. rust particles, insoluble salt and the like. Their concentration ranges from fractions of a thousand to percent. These solids fractions are very often completely irrelevant to the further production process due to their low concentration and can then usually remain in the process without interfering in the slightest with the further course of the process.
  • a separator separating the fluids they are separated, however, inevitably when they are specially z i fish heavier than the heavier of the two liquids.
  • the separator drum is then filled more or less quickly by these solids components, so that separation of the liquids is no longer possible. The result is that the separators often have to be cleaned. This cleaning requires a lot of manual work and leads to a considerable reduction in the capacity of the respective separator.
  • Separators of the type mentioned at the outset are known from NL-C-67-467.
  • Self-cleaning separators are also known, the drums of which have slots or nozzles which are opened manually or automatically as soon as the sludge space has filled up.
  • Another disadvantage is that the known separators fail when the melting point of one or both components is a certain amount above room temperature. While these components can be handled very advantageously in the liquid phase by melting in other physical or physico-chemical process stages, there is no possibility of separating the components in the liquid phase with the aid of separators, since the known separators are in principle due to their construction are not heatable.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a separator with which two immiscible liquids which contain solids which are specifically heavier than the heavier of the two liquids can be separated quantitatively. At the same time, there should be the possibility of heating or cooling the separation space.
  • a separator which is characterized in that the fixed chamber is designed as a static pressure chamber and that the removal device is designed as a weir, as a gripper or as a valve controlled by a level indicator.
  • the drum is divided into a plurality of double-conical spaces, at the tips of which are arranged the openings through which the heavy phase containing the solid exits into the static pressure chamber.
  • the slope of the walls of the double-conical spaces is expediently chosen to be greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the solid to be separated off.
  • means for carrying the heavy phase such as e.g. B. ribs and the like.
  • the surface of the static pressure chamber coming into contact with the heavy phase can be coated, e.g. B. mirror polished.
  • the static pressure chamber can be double-walled.
  • the slope of the walls should again be chosen to be greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the solid to be separated.
  • the inlet pipe 1 for the mixture projects into it.
  • the outlet pipe 2 for the light phase is arranged concentrically to the inlet pipe 1 and connected to the same: inlet pipe 1 and outlet pipe 2 are in turn connected to the static pressure chamber 11.
  • the gripper 4 is arranged on the end of the drain pipe 2 projecting into the drum.
  • the guide plate 5, via which the mixture to be separated is distributed into the drum, is connected to the drum 7 via webs 14.
  • the separating plate 6, truncated cones, are stacked concentrically around the guide plate 5 on the same.
  • the diameter of the gripper 4 must be smaller than the smallest diameter of the separation plate 6.
  • the guide plate 5 and the separation plate 6 are provided with recesses 15. At the level of these recesses there should be approximately the separation zone in which the mixture is separated into light liquid (phase) and heavy liquid (phase), which may also contain solids.
  • the drum 7 is connected to a drive shaft 12. In order to avoid dead spaces for the solid, the drum 7 can be double conical.
  • the slopes a and y of the drum walls are to be chosen to be greater than or equal to the slope angle of the solid. The angle of the slope is to be understood as the ratio of the height of the slope to the width of the slope.
  • the drum 7 At its equator, the drum 7 is provided with openings 13 which open into the static pressure chamber 11. On the surface of the drum 7, devices such. B. ribs 8 may be arranged to take away the heavy phase.
  • the pressure chamber 11 can also be conical. It is equipped with a removal device for the heavy phase.
  • the removal device can be a weir 3 (FIG. 1), a gripper 9 (FIG. 3) or, if the static pressure chamber 11 is conical, consist of a plurality of openings 10 (FIG. 2) which are made at the equator of the conical static pressure chamber 11 are arranged.
  • the openings 10 can be provided with valves 16.
  • the valves 16 are equipped with a level indicator 17, e.g. B. a measuring probe connected.
  • the diameter of the weir 3 or the gripper 9 must be larger than the diameter of the gripper 4.
  • the position of the separation zone in the drum also depends on the diameter of the weir 3 or the gripper 9.
  • the slope ⁇ of the walls is to be chosen to be greater than or equal to the slope angle of the solid.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Separator zum Trennen nicht-mischbarer Flüssigkeiten, die Feststoff enthalten, der spezifisch schwerer ist als die schwerere der Flüssigkeiten, mit rotierender und mit Trennhilfen versehener konischer Trommel, in die Zulaufrohr, Greifer und Ablaufrohr hineinragen, wobei die Trommel innerhalb einer ortsfesten Kammer angeordnet ist und am Äquator Öffnungen aufweist, die in die ortsfeste Kammer münden und die ortsfeste Kammer mit einer Entnahmeeinrichtung versehen ist und die Steigung der Wände der konischen Trommel größer oder gleich dem Böschungswinkel des abzutrennenden Feststoffes ist.The invention relates to a separator for separating immiscible liquids which contain solids which are specifically heavier than the heavier liquids, with a rotating and provided with a separating conical drum, protrude into the feed pipe, gripper and drain pipe, the drum within one is arranged stationary chamber and has openings on the equator, which open into the stationary chamber and the stationary chamber is provided with a removal device and the slope of the walls of the conical drum is greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the solid to be separated.

Flüssigkeiten aus chemischen Prozessen enthalten in der Regel feste Verunreinigungen, wie z. B. Rostteilchen, nicht-lösliche Salzanteile und ähnliches. Ihre Konzentration liegt in der Größenordnung von Bruchteilen von Promille bis Prozent. Diese Feststoffanteile sind sehr oft für den weiteren Produktionsgang aufgrund ihrer geringen Konzentration völlig irrelevant und können dann für gewöhnlich im Prozeß verbleiben, ohne beim weiteren Prozeßablauf im geringsten zu stören. Bei der in einem Separator durchgeführten Trennung der Flüssigkeiten werden sie jedoch zwangsläufig mit abgetrennt, wenn sie spe- zifisch schwerer sind als die schwerere der beiden Flüssigkeiten. Je nach Menge des Feststoffanteils wird dann die Separatortrommel mehr oder weniger schnell von diesen Feststoffanteiien gefüllt, so daß eine Trennung der Flüssigkeiten nicht mehr möglich ist. Die Folge ist, daß die Separatoren häufig gesäubert werden müssen. Dieses Säubern erfordert einen hohen manuellen Arbeitsaufwand und führt zu einer beträchtlichen Kapazitätsverminderung des jeweiligen Separators.Liquids from chemical processes usually contain solid contaminants such as e.g. B. rust particles, insoluble salt and the like. Their concentration ranges from fractions of a thousand to percent. These solids fractions are very often completely irrelevant to the further production process due to their low concentration and can then usually remain in the process without interfering in the slightest with the further course of the process. When carried out in a separator separating the fluids they are separated, however, inevitably when they are specially z i fish heavier than the heavier of the two liquids. Depending on the amount of solids content, the separator drum is then filled more or less quickly by these solids components, so that separation of the liquids is no longer possible. The result is that the separators often have to be cleaned. This cleaning requires a lot of manual work and leads to a considerable reduction in the capacity of the respective separator.

Separatoren der eingangs erwähnten Art sind nach der NL-C-67-467 bekannt. Es sind ferner selbstreinigende Separatoren bekannt, deren Trommel Schlitze oder Düsen aufweisen, die manuell oder automatisch geöffnet werden, sobald sich der Schlammraum gefüllt hat.Separators of the type mentioned at the outset are known from NL-C-67-467. Self-cleaning separators are also known, the drums of which have slots or nozzles which are opened manually or automatically as soon as the sludge space has filled up.

Bei Vorhandensein vieler Feststoffe versagen diese Separatoren, da die Feststoffteilchen während des Separationsvorganges derart fest miteinander verbacken, daß sie beim Öffnen der Reinigungsschlitze nicht ausgeschleust werden. Der Einsatz von Düsen für dieses Problem brachte deshalb keinen Erfolg, weil die Steuerung des Trennprozesses mit Hilfe der Düsen versagte.If many solids are present, these separators fail because the solid particles bake together so firmly during the separation process that they are not removed when the cleaning slots are opened. The use of nozzles for this problem was unsuccessful because the control of the separation process using the nozzles failed.

Ein weiterer Nachteil ist darin zu sehen, daß die bekannten Separatoren versagen, wenn der Schmelzpunkt einer oder beider Komponenten ein gewisses Maß über Raumtemperatur liegt. Während man diese Komponenten bei anderen physikalischen oder physikalisch-chemischen Proze8stufen durch Aufschmelzen sehr vorteilhaft in der flüssigen Phase handhaben kann, ist eine Möglichkeit der Trennung der Komponenten in der flüssigen Phase mit Hilfe von Separatoren nicht gegeben, da die bekannten Separatoren aufgrund ihrer Konstruktion im Prinzip nicht heizbar sind.Another disadvantage is that the known separators fail when the melting point of one or both components is a certain amount above room temperature. While these components can be handled very advantageously in the liquid phase by melting in other physical or physico-chemical process stages, there is no possibility of separating the components in the liquid phase with the aid of separators, since the known separators are in principle due to their construction are not heatable.

Die Aufgabe zu vorliegender Erfindung besteht demnach darin, einen Separator zu schaffen, mit dem zwei nicht miteinander mischbare Flüssigkeiten, die Feststoff enthalten, der spezifisch schwerer ist als die schwerere der beiden Flüssigkeiten, quantitativ getrennt werden können. Gleichzeitig soll die Möglichkeit bestehen, den Trennraum zu heizen bzw. zu kühlen.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a separator with which two immiscible liquids which contain solids which are specifically heavier than the heavier of the two liquids can be separated quantitatively. At the same time, there should be the possibility of heating or cooling the separation space.

Die Aufgabe wird durch einen Separator gelöst, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die ortsfeste Kammer als statische Druckkammer ausgebildet ist und daß die Entnahmeeinrichtung als Wehr, als Greifer oder als durch Standanzeige gesteuertes Ventil ausgebildet ist.The object is achieved by a separator, which is characterized in that the fixed chamber is designed as a static pressure chamber and that the removal device is designed as a weir, as a gripper or as a valve controlled by a level indicator.

In einer Ausgestaltung ist die Trommel in mehrere doppelt konische Räume aufgeteilt, an deren Spitzen die Öffnungen angeordnet sind, durch die die schwere den Feststoff enthaltende Phase in die statische Druckkammer austritt. Um zu vermeiden, daß der Feststoff vor den Öffnungen sedimentiert, wird die Steigung der Wände der doppelt konischen Räume zweckmäßig größer oder gleich dem Böschungswinkel des abzutrennenden Feststoffes gewählt. Um die in der statischen Druckkammer befindliche schwere Phase in etwa phasengleicher Rotation mit dem Inhalt der Trommel zu halten, können auf der Außenseite der Trommel Einrichtungen zum Mitnehmen der schweren Phase, wie z. B. Rippen und dergleichen angeordnet sein. Zur Vermeidung von Reibung kann die mit der schweren Phase in Berührung kommende Oberfläche der statischen Druckkammer vergütet sein, z. B. hochglanzpoliert. Zwecks indirektem Kühlen bzw. Heizen des Separatorinhaltes kann die statische Druckkammer doppelwandig ausgebildet sein. Bei Verwendung einer konisch ausgebildeten statischen Druckkammer sollte die Steigung der Wände wiederum größer oder gleich dem Böschungswinkel des abzutrennenden Feststoffes gewählt werden.In one embodiment, the drum is divided into a plurality of double-conical spaces, at the tips of which are arranged the openings through which the heavy phase containing the solid exits into the static pressure chamber. In order to prevent the solid from sedimenting in front of the openings, the slope of the walls of the double-conical spaces is expediently chosen to be greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the solid to be separated off. In order to keep the heavy phase in the static pressure chamber in approximately in-phase rotation with the contents of the drum, means for carrying the heavy phase, such as e.g. B. ribs and the like. To avoid friction, the surface of the static pressure chamber coming into contact with the heavy phase can be coated, e.g. B. mirror polished. For the purpose of indirect cooling or heating of the content of the separator, the static pressure chamber can be double-walled. When using a conical static pressure chamber, the slope of the walls should again be chosen to be greater than or equal to the angle of repose of the solid to be separated.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von lediglich einen Ausführungsweg darstellenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of drawings which illustrate only one embodiment.

Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 den Separator im Schnitt schematisch dargestellt,
  • Figur 2 den gleichen Separator mit einer Varianten der Entnahmeeinrichtung für die schwere Phase,
  • Figur 3 eine weitere Variante der Entnahmeeinrichtung für die schwere Phase,
  • Figur 4 die doppelt konische Trommel des Separators,
  • Figur 5 den Schnitt V-V der doppelt konischen Trommel.
It shows
  • FIG. 1 shows the separator schematically in section,
  • FIG. 2 the same separator with a variant of the removal device for the heavy phase,
  • FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the removal device for the heavy phase,
  • FIG. 4 the double-conical drum of the separator,
  • Figure 5 shows the section VV of the double-conical drum.

In die rotierende konische Trommel 7 des Separators, die mit Trennhilfen, dem Leitteller 5 für das eintretende Gemisch. und den Trenntellern 6 versehen ist, ragt das Zulaufrohr 1 für das Gemisch hinein. Konzentrisch zum Zulaufrohr 1 ist das Ablaufrohr 2 für die leichte Phase angeordnet und mit demselben verbunden: Zulaufrohr 1 und Ablaufrohr 2 sind wiederum mit der statischen Druckkammer 11 verbunden. In der Trommel 7 wird die leichte Phase mit einem Greifer 4 abgenommen. Der Greifer 4 ist an dem in die Trommel hineinragenden Ende des Ablaufrohrs 2 angeordnet. Der Leitteller 5, über den das zu trennende Gemisch in die Trommel verteilt wird, ist über Stege 14 mit der Trommel 7 verbunden. Die Trennteller 6, Kegelstümpfe, sind konzentrisch um den Leitteller 5 auf demselben aufgeschichtet. Der Durchmesser des Greifers 4 muß kleiner sein als der kleinste Durchmesser der Trennteller 6. Leitteller 5 und Trennteller 6 sind mit Ausnehmungen 15 versehen. Auf der Ebene dieser Ausnehmungen soll in etwa die Trennzone liegen, in der das Gemisch in leichte Flüssigkeit (Phase) und schwere Flüssigkeit (Phase), die gegebenenfalls noch Feststoff enthält, getrennt werden. Die Trommel 7 ist mit einer Antriebswelle 12 verbunden. Um Toträume für den Feststoff zu vermeiden, kann die Trommel 7 doppelt konisch ausgebildet sein. Die Steigungen a und y der Trommelwände sind größer oder gleich dem Böschungswinkel des Feststoffs zu wählen. Unter Böschungswinkel soll das Verhältnis von Böschungshöhe zu Böschungsbreite verstanden werden. An ihrem Äquator ist die Trommel 7 mit Öffnungen 13 versehen, die in die statische Druckkammer 11 münden. Auf der Oberfläche der Trommel 7 können Einrichtungen, z. B. Rippen 8, zum Mitnehmen der schweren Phase angeordnet sein.In the rotating conical drum 7 of the separator, which with separation aids, the guide plate 5th for the incoming mixture. and the separating plates 6 is provided, the inlet pipe 1 for the mixture projects into it. The outlet pipe 2 for the light phase is arranged concentrically to the inlet pipe 1 and connected to the same: inlet pipe 1 and outlet pipe 2 are in turn connected to the static pressure chamber 11. In the drum 7, the light phase is removed with a gripper 4. The gripper 4 is arranged on the end of the drain pipe 2 projecting into the drum. The guide plate 5, via which the mixture to be separated is distributed into the drum, is connected to the drum 7 via webs 14. The separating plate 6, truncated cones, are stacked concentrically around the guide plate 5 on the same. The diameter of the gripper 4 must be smaller than the smallest diameter of the separation plate 6. The guide plate 5 and the separation plate 6 are provided with recesses 15. At the level of these recesses there should be approximately the separation zone in which the mixture is separated into light liquid (phase) and heavy liquid (phase), which may also contain solids. The drum 7 is connected to a drive shaft 12. In order to avoid dead spaces for the solid, the drum 7 can be double conical. The slopes a and y of the drum walls are to be chosen to be greater than or equal to the slope angle of the solid. The angle of the slope is to be understood as the ratio of the height of the slope to the width of the slope. At its equator, the drum 7 is provided with openings 13 which open into the static pressure chamber 11. On the surface of the drum 7, devices such. B. ribs 8 may be arranged to take away the heavy phase.

Ebenso wie die Trommel 7 kann auch die Druckkammer 11 konisch gestaltet sein. Sie ist mit einer Entnahmeeinrichtung für die schwere Phase versehen. Die Entnahmeeinrichtung kann ein Wehr 3 (Fig. 1), ein Greifer 9 (Fig. 3) sein oder, falls die statische Druckkammer 11 konisch ausgebildet ist, aus mehreren Öffnungen 10 (Fig. 2) bestehen, die am Äquator der konischen statischen Druckkammer 11 angeordnet sind. Die Öffnungen 10 können mit Ventilen 16 versehen sein. Zur automatischen Steuerung sind die Ventile 16 mit einer Standanzeige 17, z. B. einer Meßsonde, verbunden. Der Durchmesser des Wehres 3 bzw. des Greifers 9 muß größer sein als der Durchmesser des Greifers 4. Vom Durchmesser des Wehres 3 bzw. des Greifers 9 hängt auch die Lage der Trennzone in der Trommel ab. Auch bei der konischen statischen Druckkammer 11 ist die Steigung ß der Wände größer oder gleich dem Böschungswinkel des Feststoffes zu wählen. Bei Verwendung eines Wehres 3 sammelt - sich die schwere Phase in einem Fangraum 19 und läuft dann über Rohr 18 ab. Bei Verwendung eines Greifers läuft die schwere Phase über Ablauf 20 ab, der konzentrisch zum Zulaufrohr 1 angeordnet ist. Zum indirekten Zuführen bzw. Abführen von Wärme kann die statische Druckkammer 11 mit einem Doppelmantel 21 versehen sein.Like the drum 7, the pressure chamber 11 can also be conical. It is equipped with a removal device for the heavy phase. The removal device can be a weir 3 (FIG. 1), a gripper 9 (FIG. 3) or, if the static pressure chamber 11 is conical, consist of a plurality of openings 10 (FIG. 2) which are made at the equator of the conical static pressure chamber 11 are arranged. The openings 10 can be provided with valves 16. For automatic control, the valves 16 are equipped with a level indicator 17, e.g. B. a measuring probe connected. The diameter of the weir 3 or the gripper 9 must be larger than the diameter of the gripper 4. The position of the separation zone in the drum also depends on the diameter of the weir 3 or the gripper 9. In the case of the conical static pressure chamber 11, the slope β of the walls is to be chosen to be greater than or equal to the slope angle of the solid. When using a weir 3 - the heavy phase accumulates in a trap chamber 19 and then runs off via pipe 18. When using a gripper, the heavy phase runs through outlet 20, which is arranged concentrically with the inlet pipe 1. The static pressure chamber 11 can be provided with a double jacket 21 for the indirect supply or removal of heat.

Claims (7)

1. Separator for separating liquids immiscible with each other and containing solids, provided with rotating conic drum (7), having separating means (6) into which drum inlet tube (1), gripper (4), and outlet tube (2), are projected, wherein the drum (7) is arranged within a static chamber and provided at its equator with openings (13), ending in the static chamber, the static chamber is provided with an withdrawal device, and the inclination angle (a) of the walls of the conic drum (7) is greater than or identical to the natural slope of the solids to be separated comprising the static chamber is formed as a static pressure chamber (11) and the withdrawal device has the shape of a weir (3), of a gripper (9), or of a valve (16) which is controlled by an indicator device (17).
2. The separator as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the drum (7) is devided into several biconic chambers (fig. 5) provided at their tops with openings (13), ending in the static pressure chamber (11).
3. The separator as claimed in Claims 1 or 2, wherein the inclination angle (a, -y) of the walls of the btconic chambers is identical to or greater than the natural slope of the solids to be separated.
4. The separator as claimed in Claims 1 to 3, wherein the drum (7), is provided on its outside with devices (fig. 4) for entraining the heavy phase.
5. The separator as claimed in Claims 1 to 3, Wherein the surface of the static pressure chamber (11) which is in contact with the heavy phase is surface-refined.
6. The separator as claimed in Claims 1 to 5, wherein the static pressure chamber (11) has a conic shape, and the inclination angle (0) of the walls is identical to or greater than the natural slope of the solids (fig. 2).
7. The separator as claimed in Claims 1 to 6, wherein the static pressure chamber (11) is provided with a corresponding jacket (fig. 1).
EP80102150A 1979-04-26 1980-04-22 Separator Expired EP0018575B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792916856 DE2916856A1 (en) 1979-04-26 1979-04-26 SEPARATOR
DE2916856 1979-04-26

Publications (2)

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EP0018575A1 EP0018575A1 (en) 1980-11-12
EP0018575B1 true EP0018575B1 (en) 1983-07-13

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US (1) US4325825A (en)
EP (1) EP0018575B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS55145554A (en)
DE (2) DE2916856A1 (en)
DK (1) DK180680A (en)

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Publication number Publication date
DE3064089D1 (en) 1983-08-18
JPS55145554A (en) 1980-11-13
US4325825A (en) 1982-04-20
DE2916856A1 (en) 1980-11-06
DK180680A (en) 1980-10-27
EP0018575A1 (en) 1980-11-12

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