EP0017518A1 - Rotary drilling machine and drilling method using this machine - Google Patents

Rotary drilling machine and drilling method using this machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0017518A1
EP0017518A1 EP80400293A EP80400293A EP0017518A1 EP 0017518 A1 EP0017518 A1 EP 0017518A1 EP 80400293 A EP80400293 A EP 80400293A EP 80400293 A EP80400293 A EP 80400293A EP 0017518 A1 EP0017518 A1 EP 0017518A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
cutter
injection
micrometric
low pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80400293A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0017518B1 (en
Inventor
Georges M. Cagnioncle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cocentall Ateliers De Carspach Sa Te Mulhouse F
Original Assignee
CONSTRUCTION DE MATERIELS DE MINES SA
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Priority to AT80400293T priority Critical patent/ATE1469T1/en
Publication of EP0017518A1 publication Critical patent/EP0017518A1/en
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Publication of EP0017518B1 publication Critical patent/EP0017518B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/12—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
    • E21B10/38—Percussion drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improvement in rotary drilling machines, more particularly an improvement allowing the use of rotary drilling machines for attacking semi-hard, hard and abrasive rocks.
  • the invention also relates to a new drilling method using rotary machines.
  • Rotary drills can be used for rocks whose hardness is less than 800 bar and whose abrasiveness is zero, such as limestone and marl.
  • these devices are not efficient enough and we are led to use hammers or percussion drills.
  • hammers or percussion drills which associate a strike with drilling, are indeed more powerful but they are much more complex therefore of a higher cost and their noisier operation causes a noticeably greater annoyance for the users.
  • This fluid is generally water, used under a pressure of the order of 0-40 bars or air, used under a pressure close to 5 bars.
  • the invention relates to an improvement to rotary type drills enabling drilling even of semi-hard, hard or abrasive rocks.
  • the new drilling process using rotary drills comprising a cutter constituted by a cutter body provided with inserts is characterized by the fact that the insert (s) is protected by jets of fluid having a pressure of 1000 to 4000 bars directed parallel to the drilling axis.
  • the cutting at one point of the cutting face is made by the combined action of the insert and the fluid under very high pressure.
  • the invention also relates to a rotary drilling machine comprising a cutter constituted by a cutter body provided with plates, characterized in that the cutter is pierced with at least one micrometric opening.
  • the invention also relates to a new drilling rod with means for supplying a fluid at very high pressure and means for supplying a fluid under low pressure, intended to be used in combination with the new cutting edge of the 'invention.
  • the invention finally relates to a new rotary type drill, equipped with a double injection device, intended mainly for use with the cutter and the drill rod according to the invention.
  • the cutter according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of at least one plate comprising at least one micrometric hole, of 1-50 microns, intended for the introduction of a fluid under very high pressure, by example from 1000 to 4000 bars, this hole (s) allowing to flow from 5-25 l / min.
  • This fluid is most generally water.
  • the body of the cutter also has at least one larger lateral opening, (from 1 to 8 mm for example) allowing the introduction of a fluid under low pressure, such as air or water.
  • a fluid under low pressure such as air or water.
  • air it is generally used at a pressure close to 5 bars.
  • water it is generally used under a pressure of 0-40 bars.
  • This additional injection is mainly intended for the transport, inside the blast hole, of the rock particles which come from the cut made by the combined action of the cutter and the high pressure fluid.
  • the fluid flow at high pressure, from 5 to 25 1 / min, is indeed insufficient to ensure the rapid evacuation of cutting dust, an essential condition for carrying out rapid drilling of the borehole.
  • This cutter is mounted on a . drill rod constituted by two concentric tubes constituting two injection circuits, each of them being connected to the corresponding orifices of the cutter.
  • the rotary type drill which receives the drill rod provided with its cutter, also comprises a double injection circuit.
  • the cutting edge 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is of the skirted model. Any other classic model can be used. It is equipped with at least one size 2 wafer, for example made of tungsten carbide or other material having a very high hardness.
  • the inserts When the inserts are in the nc; number of 2, 3 or 4, they are generally arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the cutting edge.
  • the most common devices such as that shown in FIG. 2, comprise three plates arranged at 120 degrees but it is also possible, for example, to have two plates at 180 ° from one another or four plates at 90 °.
  • Each of these plates is pierced with at least one micrometric hole 3 along the drilling edge, this (these) hole (s) being intended for the injection of water under high pressure.
  • Each of the inserts is also preceded by a larger orifice 4 (of the order of 1-8 mm) drilled in the body of the cutter and located at the lower part of the tooth-chip removal, intended for the injection of a fluid under low pressure.
  • the micrometric holes are drilled in the body of the cutting edge and in front of the wafer in the direction of rotation, the position of the under low fluid injection port pressure unchanged.
  • FIGs 4 and 5 show in more detail the supply of the cutting edge by the fluids.
  • the micrometric holes are shown at 23, as drilled in the thickness of the plates. These holes are supplied by line 22, which is itself connected to the central tube 30 of the drill rod.
  • the cutter is fixed for example by screwing on the external tube 31 but it is supported on the internal tube 30 by means of the joint 33.
  • a device 32 of the star type for example makes these two tubes integral with one of the 'other.
  • the drill rod shown in Figure 6 consists of two concentric tubes 30 and 31.
  • the central tube 30 of small diameter is intended for the transport of water under very high pressure.
  • the external tube 31 is intended for transporting the fluid under low pressure.
  • the dimensions of these tubes vary according to the dimensions of the hole to be drilled. So for example for a 30 mm hole, the outer tube generally has an outer diameter of 25-27 mm and the inner tube a diameter of 7-8 mm. For 2 0 0 mm holes, the outer tube generally has an outer diameter of the order of 9 0 mm and the inner tube a diameter of the order of 20 mm.
  • the two tubes are made integral by means of a suitable fixing or clamping device, for example a star device 32 as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the two tubes are guided in the center by the shoes 34.
  • the ends of the outer tube 31 are threaded so that the rod can adapt to the hub of the drill at its rear part (see Figure 8) and receive the cutter at its front part.
  • the drilling machine shown in FIG. 8 is essentially composed of a rotating hub 40 equipped with a double injection device. This hub is rotated by pinions 41 and 42 driven by a hydraulic motor 43. Water under high pressure is introduced into the hub 40 by means of a needle 45 of noble steel welded to the plate 46 This needle is supplied by a hose connected at 44 to the plate. The seal between the needle and the hub is achieved by a stack of felt seals 47 tightened by a cable gland 48. Holes 49 to evacuate any leaks are provided at the bottom of the plate and at the front of the hood.
  • the drill rod constituted by the two concentric tubes 30 and 31.
  • the high pressure injection is therefore in this way connected to the internal tube 30 which is itself held by the tube external 31 screwed into the hub, the seal being ensured by the seal 33.
  • the front casing of the drilling machine is equipped with a floating ring 50 supported by seals 52.
  • the floating ring is guided on the hub and the seal is ensured by the seals 51.
  • the studs 54 ensure the fixing of the cover. 53.
  • the injection fluid circulates through the cover 53 then in the ring 51 and the hub 40 via the orifice 55.
  • the fluid injected under low pressure moves in the annular section between tubes 30 and 31.
  • the oil supply ports for the engine and the injection ports are the oil supply ports for the engine and the injection ports.
  • the engine oil is supplied through the orifice 60 while the return of this oil is carried out through the orifice 61.
  • An orifice 62 is provided for the drainage of any engine oil leaks.
  • the injection of low pressure fluid is carried out through the orifice 63 while the orifice 44 is used for the introduction of water under very high pressure.
  • the platelets and the film of high pressure water coming from micrometric hole (s) are used for cutting.
  • low pressure water is used as the secondary injection fluid, it is used both for the removal of dust and for its removal from the hole.
  • an injection of air under low pressure is preferably used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Abstract

A rotary drilling bit is provided which includes means for providing a protective stream of a high pressure fluid for its cutting edges fed parallel to the drilling axis directed perpendicular to the cutting edges. The drilling bit also includes means for providing a stream of low pressure fluid for flushing away pulverized rock cut by the drilling bit. The drilling bit is mounted on the end of boring tubing made up of a pair of coaxially positioned tubings, the innermost one supplies the high pressure fluid and the outermost one supplies the low pressure fluid. A drilling process which employs the drilling bit and boring tubing efficiently drills through both soft and non-abrasive rock and hard or abrasive rock.

Description

L'invention concerne un perfectionnement aux foreuses rotatives, plus particulièrement un perfectionnement permettant l'emploi de foreuses rotatives pour l'attaque des roches semi-dures, dures et abrasives. L'invention concerne également un nouveau procédé de foration à l'aide de machines rotatives.The invention relates to an improvement in rotary drilling machines, more particularly an improvement allowing the use of rotary drilling machines for attacking semi-hard, hard and abrasive rocks. The invention also relates to a new drilling method using rotary machines.

Actuellement pour forer dans les mines, carrières ou autres terrains similaires les trous destinés à l'exploitation des roches ou à la reconnaissance des terrains, ces trous ayant généralement des diamètres de 30 - 200 mm, on dispose de deux types de foreuses, le choix entre ces deux types de foreuses étant dicté par la nature des roches.Currently for drilling in mines, quarries or other similar grounds the holes intended for the exploitation of the rocks or for the recognition of the grounds, these holes generally having diameters of 30 - 200 mm, there are two types of drilling machines, the choice between these two types of drills being dictated by the nature of the rocks.

Pour les roches dont la dureté est inférieure à 800 barz et dont l'abrasivité est nulle, telles que calcaire et-marne par exemple, on peut utiliser des foreuses rotatives. Cependant pour les roches dont la dureté est plus élevée et dont l'abrasivité est importante, telles que grès et granit par exemple, ces appareils ne sont pas assez performants et l'on est amené à utiliser des marteaux percutants ou des foreuses rotopercutentes. Celles-ci, qui associent une frappe à la foration, sont en effet plus puissantes mais elles sont beaucoup plus complexes donc d'un coût plus élevé et leur fonctionnement plus bruyant occasionne une gêne sensiblement plus grande pour les utilisateurs.Rotary drills can be used for rocks whose hardness is less than 800 bar and whose abrasiveness is zero, such as limestone and marl. However, for rocks whose hardness is higher and whose abrasiveness is high, such as sandstone and granite for example, these devices are not efficient enough and we are led to use hammers or percussion drills. These, which associate a strike with drilling, are indeed more powerful but they are much more complex therefore of a higher cost and their noisier operation causes a noticeably greater annoyance for the users.

Dans les deux cas, la roche est attaquée par des taillants généralement renforcés par des plaquettes en carbure de tungstène.In both cases, the rock is attacked by cutters generally reinforced by tungsten carbide inserts.

Dans les deux cas également, l'évacuation des poussières formées au cours de l'opération de foration est assurée le plus souvent par des injections d'un fluide introduit dans le trou par l'intermédiaire des tiges de foration. Ce fluide est généralement de l'eau, utilisée sous une pression de l'ordre de 0-40 bars ou de l'air, utilisé sous une pression voisine de 5 bars.In both cases also, the evacuation of the dust formed during the drilling operation is most often ensured by injections of a fluid introduced into the hole via the drilling rods. This fluid is generally water, used under a pressure of the order of 0-40 bars or air, used under a pressure close to 5 bars.

Pour rendre la foration plus efficace, on a songé à effectuer une foration au jet dans laquelle l'élément de foration proprement dite serait constituée par un jet d'eau sous très forte pression, pouvant aller jusqu'à 4000 bars. Dans la pratique cependant cette méthode n'est pas utilisée. D'une part en effet elle s'accompagne d'une dépense d'énergie considérable pour la mise sous pression du jet de fluide. D'autre part, l'emploi de ce jet ne conduit pas à des résultats homogènes, les parties de roche moins dures étant attaquées préférentiellement.To make the drilling more efficient, consideration has been given to performing jet drilling in which the actual drilling element would be constituted by a jet of water under very high pressure, which can range up to 4000 bars. In practice, however, this method is not used. On the one hand indeed it is accompanied by a considerable energy expenditure for the pressurization of the fluid jet. On the other hand, the use of this jet does not lead to homo results genes, the less hard parts of rock being attacked preferentially.

L'invention concerne un perfectionnement aux foreuses de type rotatif permettant de forer même les roches semi-dures, dures ou abrasives.The invention relates to an improvement to rotary type drills enabling drilling even of semi-hard, hard or abrasive rocks.

Le nouveau procédé de foration à l'aide de foreuses rotatives comportant un taillant constitué par un corps de taillant muni dé plaquettes est caractérisé par le fait que l'on protège la ou les plaquettes par des jets de fluide ayant une pression de 1000 à 4000 bars dirigés parallèlement à l'axe de foration.The new drilling process using rotary drills comprising a cutter constituted by a cutter body provided with inserts is characterized by the fact that the insert (s) is protected by jets of fluid having a pressure of 1000 to 4000 bars directed parallel to the drilling axis.

Selon ce procédé la coupe en un point du front de taille est faite par action conjugée de la plaquette et du fluide sous très haute pression.According to this process, the cutting at one point of the cutting face is made by the combined action of the insert and the fluid under very high pressure.

L'invention concerne également une foreuse rotative comportant un taillant constitué par un corps de taillant muni de plaquettes caractérisé par le fait que le taillant est percé d'au moins une ouverture micrométrique.The invention also relates to a rotary drilling machine comprising a cutter constituted by a cutter body provided with plates, characterized in that the cutter is pierced with at least one micrometric opening.

L'invention concerne également une nouvelle tige de foration avec des moyens d'amenée d'un fluide à très haute pression et des moyens d'aménée d'un fluide sous basse pression, destinée à être utilisée en combinaison avec le nouveau taillant de l'invention. L'invention concerne enfin une nouvelle foreuse du type rotatif, équipée d'un double dispositif d'injection, destinée principalement à être utilisée avec le taillant et la tige de foration selon l'invention.The invention also relates to a new drilling rod with means for supplying a fluid at very high pressure and means for supplying a fluid under low pressure, intended to be used in combination with the new cutting edge of the 'invention. The invention finally relates to a new rotary type drill, equipped with a double injection device, intended mainly for use with the cutter and the drill rod according to the invention.

Le taillant selon l'invention est caractérisé par le fait qu'il est constitué d'au moins une plaquette comportant au moins un trou micrométrique, de 1-50 microns, destiné à l'introduction d'un fluide sous très forte pression, par exemple de 1000 à 4000 bars, ce(s) trou(s) permettant de débiter de 5-25 l/mn. Ce fluide est le plus généralement de l'eau.The cutter according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of at least one plate comprising at least one micrometric hole, of 1-50 microns, intended for the introduction of a fluid under very high pressure, by example from 1000 to 4000 bars, this hole (s) allowing to flow from 5-25 l / min. This fluid is most generally water.

Le corps du taillant comporte également au moins un orifice latéral plus grand, (de 1 à 8 mm par exemple) permettant l'introduction d'un fluide sous basse pression, tel que de l'air ou de l'eau. Dans le cas de l'air, il est généralement utilisé sous une pression voisine de 5 bars. Dans le cas de l'eau elle est généralement utilisée sous-une pression de 0-40 bars. Cette injection supplémentaire est principalement destinée au transport, à l'intérieur du trou de mine, des particules de roche qui proviennent de la coupe opérée par l'action conjuguée du taillant et du fluide à haute pression. Le débit du fluide à haute pression, de 5 à 25 1/mn, est en effet insuffisant pour assurer l'évacuation rapide des poussières de coupe, condition indispensable pour effectuer une foration rapide du trou de mine.The body of the cutter also has at least one larger lateral opening, (from 1 to 8 mm for example) allowing the introduction of a fluid under low pressure, such as air or water. In the case of air, it is generally used at a pressure close to 5 bars. In the case of water, it is generally used under a pressure of 0-40 bars. This additional injection is mainly intended for the transport, inside the blast hole, of the rock particles which come from the cut made by the combined action of the cutter and the high pressure fluid. The fluid flow at high pressure, from 5 to 25 1 / min, is indeed insufficient to ensure the rapid evacuation of cutting dust, an essential condition for carrying out rapid drilling of the borehole.

Ce taillant est monté sur une.tige de foration constituée par deux tubes concentriques constituant deux circuits d'injection, chacun d'eux étant relié aux orifices correspondants du taillant. La foreuse enfin, du type rotatif, qui reçoit la tige de foration munie de son taillant, comporte également un double circuit d'injection.This cutter is mounted on a . drill rod constituted by two concentric tubes constituting two injection circuits, each of them being connected to the corresponding orifices of the cutter. Finally, the rotary type drill, which receives the drill rod provided with its cutter, also comprises a double injection circuit.

Les caractéristiques de la présente invention ressortiront plus en détail de la description suivante, avec référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un taillant selon l'invention.
  • - la figure 2 est une vue de dessus d'un mode de réalisation du taillant selon l'invention.
  • - la figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'un autre mode de réalisation du taillant selon l'invention.
  • - la figure 4 est une demi-coupe selon B-B d'un taillant selon l'invention.
  • - la figure 5 est une demi-coupe selon C-C d'un taillant selon l'invention.
  • - la figure 6 est une coupe longitudinale suivant A-A d'une tige de foration selon l'invention.
  • - la figure 7 est une vue de dessus de la tige de la figure 6.
  • - la figure 8 est une vue en élévation de la foreuse avec demi-coupe supérieure.
The characteristics of the present invention will emerge in more detail from the following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is an elevational view of a cutter according to the invention.
  • - Figure 2 is a top view of an embodiment of the cutter according to the invention.
  • - Figure 3 is a top view of another embodiment of the cutter according to the invention.
  • - Figure 4 is a half-section along BB of a cutting edge according to the invention.
  • - Figure 5 is a half section along CC of a cutting edge according to the invention.
  • - Figure 6 is a longitudinal section along AA of a drill rod according to the invention.
  • - Figure 7 is a top view of the rod of Figure 6.
  • - Figure 8 is an elevational view of the drill with upper half-section.

Le taillant 1 tel que représenté sur la figure 1 est du modèle à jupe. Tout autre modèle classique peut être utilisé. Il est équipé d'au moins une plaquette de taille 2, par exemple en carbure de tungstène ou autre matériau présentant une très grande dureté.The cutting edge 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is of the skirted model. Any other classic model can be used. It is equipped with at least one size 2 wafer, for example made of tungsten carbide or other material having a very high hardness.

Lorsque les plaquettes sont au nc;mbre de 2, 3 ou 4, elles sont généralement disposées symétriquement par rapport à l'axe du taillant. Les dispositifs les plus courants, tels que celui représenté sur la figure 2, comportent trois plaquettes disposées à 120 degrés mais on peut également disposer par exemple deux plaquettes à 180° l'une de l'autre ou quatre plaquettes à 90°.When the inserts are in the nc; number of 2, 3 or 4, they are generally arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the cutting edge. The most common devices, such as that shown in FIG. 2, comprise three plates arranged at 120 degrees but it is also possible, for example, to have two plates at 180 ° from one another or four plates at 90 °.

Chacune de ces plaquettes est percée d'au moins un trou micrométrique 3 le long de l'arète de foration, ce(s) trou(s) étant destiné (s) à l'injection d'eau sous pression élevée. Chacune des plaquettes est également précédée d'un orifice plus grand 4 (de l'ordre de 1-8 mm) percé dans le corps du taillant et situé à la partie basse de dégage-Dent des copeaux, destiné à l'injection d'un fluide sous basse pression.Each of these plates is pierced with at least one micrometric hole 3 along the drilling edge, this (these) hole (s) being intended for the injection of water under high pressure. Each of the inserts is also preceded by a larger orifice 4 (of the order of 1-8 mm) drilled in the body of the cutter and located at the lower part of the tooth-chip removal, intended for the injection of a fluid under low pressure.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation tel que représenté sur la figure 3, les trous micrométriques sont percés dans le corps du taillant et en avant de la plaquette dans le sens de rotation, la position de l'orifice d'injection du fluide sous basse pression étant inchangée.In another embodiment t el shown in Figure 3, the micrometric holes are drilled in the body of the cutting edge and in front of the wafer in the direction of rotation, the position of the under low fluid injection port pressure unchanged.

Les figures 4 et 5 montrent plus en détail l'alimentation du taillant par les fluides. Sur la figure 4 les trous micrométriques sont figurés en 23, tels que percés dans l'épaisseur des plaquettes. Ces trous sont alimentés par la conduite 22, elle-même raccordée au tube central 30 de la tige de foration.Figures 4 and 5 show in more detail the supply of the cutting edge by the fluids. In Figure 4 the micrometric holes are shown at 23, as drilled in the thickness of the plates. These holes are supplied by line 22, which is itself connected to the central tube 30 of the drill rod.

Sur la figure 5 on a représenté le second circuit d'injection à travers l'orifice 24 raccordé à l'espace annulaire situé entre les deux tubes 30 et 31 qui constituent la tige de foration.In Figure 5 there is shown the second injection circuit through the orifice 24 connected to the annular space located between the two tubes 30 and 31 which constitute the drilling rod.

Le taillant est fixé par exemple par vissage sur le tube 31 externe mais il s'appuie sur le tube interne 30 par l'intermédiaire du joint 33. Un dispositif 32 du type à étoiles par exemple rend ces deux tubes solidaires l'un de l'autre.The cutter is fixed for example by screwing on the external tube 31 but it is supported on the internal tube 30 by means of the joint 33. A device 32 of the star type for example makes these two tubes integral with one of the 'other.

La tige de foration représentée sur la figure 6 est constituée de deux tubes concentriques 30 et 31. Le tube central 30 de petit diamètre est destiné au transport de l'eau sous très forte pression. Le tube externe 31 est destiné au transport du fluide sous basse pression. Les dimensions de ces tubes varient en fonction des dimensions du trou à forer. Ainsi par exemple pour un trou de 30 mm, le tube externe a généralement un diamètre extérieur de 25-27 mm et le tube interne un diamètre de 7-8 mm. Pour des trous de 200 mm, le tube externe a généralement un diamètre extérieur de l'ordre de 90 mm et le tube interne un diamètre de l'ordre de 20 mm.The drill rod shown in Figure 6 consists of two concentric tubes 30 and 31. The central tube 30 of small diameter is intended for the transport of water under very high pressure. The external tube 31 is intended for transporting the fluid under low pressure. The dimensions of these tubes vary according to the dimensions of the hole to be drilled. So for example for a 30 mm hole, the outer tube generally has an outer diameter of 25-27 mm and the inner tube a diameter of 7-8 mm. For 2 0 0 mm holes, the outer tube generally has an outer diameter of the order of 9 0 mm and the inner tube a diameter of the order of 20 mm.

Les deux tubes sont rendus solidaires par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de fixation ou serrage convenable, par exemple un dispositif à étoiles 32 tel que représenté sur la figure 7. Les deux tubes sont guidés au centre par les sabots 34.The two tubes are made integral by means of a suitable fixing or clamping device, for example a star device 32 as shown in FIG. 7. The two tubes are guided in the center by the shoes 34.

Les extrémités du tube externe 31 sont filetées de manière que la tige puisse s'adapter sur le moyeu de la foreuse à sa partie arrière (voir figure 8) et recevoir le taillant à sa partie avant.The ends of the outer tube 31 are threaded so that the rod can adapt to the hub of the drill at its rear part (see Figure 8) and receive the cutter at its front part.

La foreuse représentée sur la figure 8 est essentiellement composée d'un moyeu tournant 40 équipé d'un double dispositif d'injection. Ce moyeu est entraîné en rotation par des pignons 41 et 42 en- trainés par un motèur hydraulique 43. L'eau sous haute pression est introduite dans le moyeu 40 par l'intermédiaire d'une aiguille 45 en acier noble soudée sur la platine 46. Cette aiguille est alimentée par un flexible raccordé en 44 sur la platine. L'étanchéité entre l'aiguille et le moyeu est réalisée par un empilage de joints en feutre 47 serrés par un presse-étoupe 48. Des trous 49 pour évacuer les fuites éventuelles sont prévus à la partie inférieure de la platine et à l'avant du capot.The drilling machine shown in FIG. 8 is essentially composed of a rotating hub 40 equipped with a double injection device. This hub is rotated by pinions 41 and 42 driven by a hydraulic motor 43. Water under high pressure is introduced into the hub 40 by means of a needle 45 of noble steel welded to the plate 46 This needle is supplied by a hose connected at 44 to the plate. The seal between the needle and the hub is achieved by a stack of felt seals 47 tightened by a cable gland 48. Holes 49 to evacuate any leaks are provided at the bottom of the plate and at the front of the hood.

A l'autre extrémité du moyeu 40 vient se fixer la tige de 'foration constituée par les deux tubes concentriques 30 et 31. L'injection haute pression est donc de cette façon raccordée au tube interne 30 qui est lui-même maintenu par le tube externe 31 vissé dans le moyeu, l'étanchéité étant assurée par le joint 33.At the other end of the hub 40 is fixed the drill rod constituted by the two concentric tubes 30 and 31. The high pressure injection is therefore in this way connected to the internal tube 30 which is itself held by the tube external 31 screwed into the hub, the seal being ensured by the seal 33.

L'injection basse pression s'effectue latéralement. Dans ce but le carter avant de la foreuse est équipée d'une bague flottante 50 soutenue par des joints 52. La bague flottante se guide sur le moyeu et l'étanchéité est assurée par les joints 51. Les goujons 54 assurent la fixation du capot 53. Le fluide d'injection circule à travers le capot 53 puis dans la bague 51 et le moyeu 40 par l'intermédiaire de l'orifice 55. Dans la tige de foration, le fluide injecté sous basse pression se déplace dans la section annulaire entre les tubes 30 et 31.Low pressure injection takes place laterally. For this purpose, the front casing of the drilling machine is equipped with a floating ring 50 supported by seals 52. The floating ring is guided on the hub and the seal is ensured by the seals 51. The studs 54 ensure the fixing of the cover. 53. The injection fluid circulates through the cover 53 then in the ring 51 and the hub 40 via the orifice 55. In the drilling rod, the fluid injected under low pressure moves in the annular section between tubes 30 and 31.

A la partie arrière de la foreuse sont situés les orifices d'alimentation en huile pour le moteur et les orifices d'injection. L'arrivée d'huile moteur s'effectue par l'orifice 60 tandis que le retour de cette huile s'effectue par l'orifice 61. Un orifice 62 est prévu pour le drainage des éventuelles fuites d'huile moteur.At the rear of the drill are the oil supply ports for the engine and the injection ports. The engine oil is supplied through the orifice 60 while the return of this oil is carried out through the orifice 61. An orifice 62 is provided for the drainage of any engine oil leaks.

L'injection de fluide basse pression s'effectue par l'orifice 63 tandis que l'orifice 44 sert à l'introduction d'eau sous très forte pression.The injection of low pressure fluid is carried out through the orifice 63 while the orifice 44 is used for the introduction of water under very high pressure.

Lorsque l'appareil fonctionne, les plaquettes et le film d'eau sous haute pression provenant de(s) trou(s) micrométrique(s) servent à la coupe. Lorsqu'on utilise de l'eau sous basse pression comme fluide d'injection secondaire, celle-ci sert à la fois pour l'abattage des poussières et pour leur évacuation hors du trou. Dans les cas de minerais solubles par contre, où la quantité d'eau doit être limitée, on a de préférence recours à une injection d'air sous basse pression.When the appliance is operating, the platelets and the film of high pressure water coming from micrometric hole (s) are used for cutting. When low pressure water is used as the secondary injection fluid, it is used both for the removal of dust and for its removal from the hole. In the case of soluble ores, on the other hand, where the quantity of water must be limited, an injection of air under low pressure is preferably used.

Celui-ci sert uniquement au nettoyage des trous forés, l'abattage des poussières étant assuré par l'eau sous haute pression projetée par le(s) trou(s) micrométrique(s).This is used only for cleaning the drilled holes, the dust suppression being ensured by the high pressure water projected by the micrometric hole (s).

Dans la foration des roches semi-dures et dures, l'emploi de ce nouveau type de foreuse rotative permet de réaliser une économie importante sur le coût des taillants et des tiges de foration au mètre foré. On diminue également le coût d'achat et d'entretien de la foreuse, par comparaison avec les machines rotopercutantes habituellement utilisées pour ce type d'opérations. Enfin le confort du travail est amélioré, le niveau sonore étant abaissé de 20 décibels environ.In the drilling of semi-hard and hard rocks, the use of this new type of rotary drilling machine makes it possible to achieve a significant saving on the cost of the cutters and the drilling rods per meter drilled. The cost of purchasing and maintaining the drill is also reduced, in comparison with the rotary percussion machines usually used for this type of operation. Finally, working comfort is improved, the noise level being lowered by around 20 decibels.

Claims (10)

1) Procédé de foration à l'aide de foreuses rotatives comportant un taillant constitué par un corps de taillant muni de plaquettes caractérisé par le fait que l'on protège la ou les plaquettes par des jets de fluide ayant une pression de 1000 à 4000 bars dirigés parallèlement à l'axe de foration.1) Method of drilling using rotary drills comprising a cutter constituted by a cutter body provided with plates characterized by the fact that the plate or plates are protected by jets of fluid having a pressure of 1000 to 4000 bars directed parallel to the drilling axis. 2) Foreuse rotative comportant un taillant constitué par un corps de taillant muni de plaquettes caractérisé par le fait que le taillant est percé d'au moins une ouverture micrométrique pour l'injection d'un fluide sous très haute pression.2) Rotary drilling machine comprising a cutter constituted by a cutter body provided with plates characterized by the fact that the cutter is pierced with at least one micrometric opening for the injection of a fluid under very high pressure. 3) Foreuse selon la revendication 2 caractérisé par le fait que le(s) trou(s) micrométrique(s) est (sont) percé(s) sur l'arête de foration de la (ou des) plaquette(s).3) A drill according to claim 2 characterized in that the (s) hole (s) micrometric (s) is (are) drilled (s) on the drilling edge of the (or) plate (s). 4) Foreuse selon la revendication (2) caractérisé par le fait que le(s) trou(s) micrométrique(s) est (sont) percé(s) dans le corps du taillant en avant de la (ou des) plaquette(s) dans le sens de rotation.4) drilling machine according to claim (2) characterized in that the (s) hole (s) micrometric (s) is (are) drilled (s) in the body of the cutter in front of the (or) insert (s) ) in the direction of rotation. 5) Foreuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4 caractérisée par le fait que le taillant, équipé d'au moins une plaquette est percé d'au moins un orifice d'injection d'un fluide sous basse pression, cet orifice étant percé dans le corps du taillant et précédant la plaquette dans le sens de rotation.5) drill according to any one of claims 2 to 4 characterized in that the cutter, equipped with at least one plate is pierced with at least one injection port of a fluid under low pressure, this orifice being drilled in the body of the cutter and preceding the insert in the direction of rotation. 6) Foreuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5 caractérisée par le fait que la tige de foration est constituée de deux tubes concentriques, le tube central communiquant avec le(s) trou(s) micrométrique(s) et le tube externe communiquant avec l'orifice d'injection du fluide sous basse pression.6) drill according to any one of claims 2 to 5 characterized in that the drill rod consists of two concentric tubes, the central tube communicating with the (s) hole (s) micrometric (s) and the outer tube communicating with the low pressure fluid injection orifice. 7) Foreuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6 caractérisée par le fait que le moyeu comporte un dispositif central pour l'introduction du fluide sous forte pression et un dispositif latéral pour l'injection d'un fluide sous basse pression.7) drilling machine according to any one of claims 2 to 6 characterized in that the hub comprises a central device for the introduction of the fluid under high pressure and a lateral device for the injection of a fluid under low pressure. 8) Foreuse rotative selon la revendication 7 caractérisée par le fait que le dispositif central d'injection comporte un système d'aiguille et joints à empilage et le dispositif d'injection latérale comporte un système de bague flottante et joints.8) Rotary drilling machine according to claim 7 characterized in that the central injection device comprises a needle system and stacking seals and the lateral injection device comprises a floating ring system and seals. 9) Foreuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8 caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte un moyeu à double injection, une tige de foration constituée par deux tubes concentriques relié chacun à l'un des dispositifs d'injection du moyeu et un taillant avec au moins une plaquette percée d'au moins un trou micrométrique.9) drilling machine according to any one of claims 2 to 8 characterized in that it comprises a double injection hub, a drilling rod formed by two concentric tubes connected each to one of the hub injection devices and a cutter with at least one plate pierced with at least one micrometric hole. 10) Foreuse selon la revendication 9 caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte un taillant, avec au moins une plaquette, percé d'au moins un orifice supplémentaire pour l'injection d'un fluide sous basse pression.10) A drill according to claim 9 characterized in that it comprises a cutting edge, with at least one plate, pierced with at least one additional orifice for the injection of a fluid under low pressure.
EP80400293A 1979-03-08 1980-03-04 Rotary drilling machine and drilling method using this machine Expired EP0017518B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80400293T ATE1469T1 (en) 1979-03-08 1980-03-04 DRILLING MACHINE AND DRILLING METHOD USING THIS MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7905922 1979-03-08
FR7905922A FR2450936A1 (en) 1979-03-08 1979-03-08 NEW ROTARY DRILLING MACHINE HAVING A SIZE PROTECTED BY A VERY HIGH PRESSURE FLUID FILM

Publications (2)

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EP0017518A1 true EP0017518A1 (en) 1980-10-15
EP0017518B1 EP0017518B1 (en) 1982-08-18

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EP80400293A Expired EP0017518B1 (en) 1979-03-08 1980-03-04 Rotary drilling machine and drilling method using this machine

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US (1) US4359115A (en)
EP (1) EP0017518B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS56491A (en)
AT (1) ATE1469T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3060765D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2450936A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA801055B (en)

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DE3124125A1 (en) * 1981-06-19 1983-01-05 Guido Oberdorfer Wap-Maschinen, 7919 Bellenberg High pressure spray gun
EP0189024A1 (en) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-30 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft (Vew) Drill bit
EP0239328A2 (en) * 1986-03-24 1987-09-30 Smith International, Inc. Drill bits

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FR2538442B1 (en) * 1982-12-23 1986-02-28 Charbonnages De France SIZE FOR ROTARY JET ASSISTED BY JET
FR2558891B1 (en) * 1984-02-01 1986-11-07 Charbonnages De France ROTARY DRILLING SIZE ASSISTED BY HIGH PRESSURE JETS
US4624327A (en) * 1984-10-16 1986-11-25 Flowdril Corporation Method for combined jet and mechanical drilling
WO1990015220A1 (en) * 1989-06-09 1990-12-13 William Lister Rock drilling bit
US5542486A (en) * 1990-09-04 1996-08-06 Ccore Technology & Licensing Limited Method of and apparatus for single plenum jet cutting
US5291957A (en) * 1990-09-04 1994-03-08 Ccore Technology And Licensing, Ltd. Method and apparatus for jet cutting
US5199512A (en) * 1990-09-04 1993-04-06 Ccore Technology And Licensing, Ltd. Method of an apparatus for jet cutting
GB9412917D0 (en) * 1994-06-28 1994-08-17 Bbl Nozzles
US5862871A (en) * 1996-02-20 1999-01-26 Ccore Technology & Licensing Limited, A Texas Limited Partnership Axial-vortex jet drilling system and method
CN105888540B (en) * 2014-05-08 2018-04-06 中国庆华能源集团有限公司 A kind of drilling method of drilling
CN105909172A (en) * 2016-04-22 2016-08-31 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 Rock horizontal inclined hole dust-free drilling and static explosion construction method

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EP0189024A1 (en) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-30 Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft (Vew) Drill bit
EP0239328A2 (en) * 1986-03-24 1987-09-30 Smith International, Inc. Drill bits
EP0239328A3 (en) * 1986-03-24 1988-12-07 Smith International, Inc. Drill bits

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE1469T1 (en) 1982-09-15
ZA801055B (en) 1981-07-29
JPS56491A (en) 1981-01-06
US4359115A (en) 1982-11-16
FR2450936A1 (en) 1980-10-03
EP0017518B1 (en) 1982-08-18
FR2450936B1 (en) 1983-03-25
DE3060765D1 (en) 1982-10-14

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