EP0017019A1 - Transformer or inductance coil with a coil with tappings - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A transformer or inductor having a layered winding, with taps being provided in the one winding layer, especially the outermost layer, characterized in that the winding is wound with a number of turns per winding layer and a plurality of parallel mutually insulated conductors as a helical winding including cross-joints or twists, wherein each of said conductors is extended in each winding layer, and all winding portions (7, 7', 7", 7'") are provided with identical tapping configuration.

Description

The invention relates to a winding for transformers and chokes, which is provided with taps.

In the case of transformers with tapped cylinder windings, z. B. a step winding as a coil that extends over the entire axial height of the main winding and is tapped at its ends (cf. KÜCHLER, Die Transformatoren, 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, page 205 ff.). This type of tapping requires a relatively high amount of winding and wiring, since the step winding can only be wound separately, and possibly also requires different wire material, so that an interruption in the winding process is necessary. Numerous connections also have to be led out and redirections wired. In addition, the pitch of a step winding is relatively high; thin step windings with a relatively large pitch are difficult to build short-circuit proof.

Compared to the prior art, there is therefore the task of specifying a tapped winding for transformers or chokes, which does not give rise to any particular short-circuit strength problems, which can be wound without changing the wire material and which can be provided with connections in a simple manner.

The solution to this problem is made possible by a winding for transformers and chokes, in which the winding is wound with a number of turns per winding layer and a plurality of parallel, mutually insulated wires as a spiral winding with crossovers or twists, in which each of the wires in each winding layer is guided and in which the tap connections are all attached in the same winding position. The windings according to the invention are primarily intended for high-voltage windings, since these are mainly provided with taps. However, the application of the invention is in no way limited to such windings.

In order to obtain a uniform current distribution over the parallel branches (wires) of the winding, it is necessary to provide the taps of the different winding sections all in the same position. Tapping in the external position has the advantage that the tapping points are easy to attach. A disadvantage, however, can be that the wires leading to the outside of the interruptions have to be fixed with special precautions or measures. On the other hand, if the taps are located in one of the inner layers, the loose ends of the turns are held by the winding layer (s) wound over it. Furthermore, due to u. a. can be better controlled by short-circuit forces. To simplify the circuit, it is further proposed that the winding sections of the tapped winding layer consisting of several turns be provided with the same tapping configuration.

In the invention, use is made, for example, of the helical winding known per se, in which m parallel wires with a number of turns n after every 11 Cycles are cyclically interchanged in the order, the necessary outcrossings and twists are regularly distributed over the height. For the outcrossings, m - 1 gaps of corresponding width must be left blank. According to the invention, the turns consisting of g turns m are divided into one winding layer and provided with a plurality of taps for connection to a diverter.

. Since the non-current-carrying winding parts are distributed over the entire height of the winding when the turns are switched off, asymmetries in the flow are largely avoided.

• Figur 1 A eine Wicklung in schematischer Darstellung, bestehend aus m = 4 parallelen, gegeneinander isolierten Drähten und n = 32 Windungen pro Wicklungslage, bei denen die Anzapfungen in der äußersten Wicklungslage angebracht sind;
• Figur 1' eine Wicklung in schematischer Darstellung, mit sechs Anzapfungen;
• Figur 1 B die Wicklung gemäß Figur 1 A in einer anderen Darstellungsart;
• Figur 1 C zeigt die Ansicht auf eine Abwicklung der äußersten Wicklungslage mit den Anschlußstellen;
• Figuren 2 A/B eine Wicklung analog der gemäß den Figuren 1 a/B, jedoch mit Anzapfungen in einer tieferliegenden Wicklungslage;
• Figur 2 C zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Wicklung gemäß Figur 2 A im Bereich der Anzapfungen;
• Figur 3 zeigt eine Wicklung mit m = 6 und n = 60;
• Figur 4 A zeigt eine Variante der Wicklung als eine zyklische Wendelwicklung;
• Figur 4 B zeigt einen Teil der Abwicklung der äußersten Wicklungslage einer Wicklung gemäß Figur 4 A.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained on the basis of the figures. These show:

• FIG. 1A shows a winding in a schematic representation, consisting of m = 4 parallel wires insulated from one another and n = 32 turns per winding layer, in which the taps are fitted in the outermost winding layer;
• Figure 1 'shows a winding in a schematic representation, with six taps;
• 1 B shows the winding according to FIG. 1 A in another type of representation;
• Figure 1 C shows the view of a development of the outermost winding layer with the connection points;
• 2 A / B a winding analogous to that according to FIGS. 1 a / B, but with taps in a lower-lying winding position;
• FIG. 2C shows a section through the winding according to FIG. 2A in the region of the taps;
• Figure 3 shows a winding with m = 6 and n = 60;
• FIG. 4 A shows a variant of the winding as a cyclic spiral winding;
• FIG. 4B shows part of the development of the outermost winding layer of a winding according to FIG. 4A.

The winding arrangement shown schematically in FIG. 1A represents an external spiral winding with four parallel wires. Such a winding is used, for example, for a nominal power of N = 2,000 kVA and U = 6,000 V. In general, the current strengths in the case of windings of this type are in the range greater than 200 A. The individual wires a, b, c, d form the four winding layers, the wires being guided as a spiral winding with cross-overs 5, 5 ', 5 " winding sections are thus constructed, each having 11 turns. The outer winding layer 6 also has four winding sections 7, 7 ', 7 ", 7"'. These winding sections in the outermost winding layer are divided and provided with four taps 8-11, which, as shown for example in Figure 1A, are suitable for connection to a diverter 12. The actual technology for switching and connecting the tap connections is known per se and can be found, for example, in the book by KÜCHLER cited at the beginning.

In FIG. 1B, the individual conductors are labeled a-b-c-d to clarify the winding structure, each winding being labeled with the consecutive numbers 1 ... 32. It can clearly be seen that each conductor comes to rest in the outermost winding position and is tapped there with the taps 8-11. The outcrossings can be seen between the turns 8 - 9 and 16 - 17.

1 C serves to further clarify the structure. From the development of the outer winding layer according to FIG. 1 C, the figure shows a view with the connection points for the taps 8-11, a sub refraction 14 and a cross-out point 16. For the further winding sections, the picture continues downwards. It can be seen that the wire sections, which can be seen in the top view, for the turns 1-8 are formed by the conductors d; the subsequent turns 9, 10 ... are formed by the conductors a.

The invention can also be implemented by means of taps which are not installed in the outermost, but in a lower-lying winding layer. FIG. 2A shows a spiral winding with the wires a, b, c, d, in which the taps 8 ', 9', 10 ', 11' are not applied in the outermost layer, but in a lower layer. The winding configuration corresponds to that of FIG. 1A. A corresponding diverter can therefore also be used.

Correspondingly, it is provided in the illustration according to FIG. 2B that the taps are brought out from the inside of the winding. This type of winding has the advantage that the tapping points are supported by the winding layers above.

Figure 2 C shows a sectional view along the line C ... C in Figure 2 B. On the winding cylinder 20 there are spacer bars 21 to which the winding layers a to d are applied. In the area of the taps, spacers 22 are attached distributed over the periphery of the winding cylinder. These spacers allow the wires of the taps 9 ', 10' to be guided to the outside and not to be squeezed.

At this point it should be noted that instead of four taps, a different number of taps can be made, e.g. B. six, as shown in Figure 1 ' is shown. By selecting the number of taps and their various connection options, the voltage values can be adjusted quasi-continuously.

In FIG. 3, in a continuation of the principle of the invention, as shown in FIGS. 1A-C, a winding with n = 60 turns per winding layer and m = 6 parallel, mutually insulated wires for a winding arrangement is chosen as an example.

The principle of the invention can be extended to all types of alternating windings. FIGS. 4 A and B show a cyclic spiral winding in which parallel wires of one turn are interchanged both in the radial and in the axial orientation and change places at fixed intervals by means of twists.

There are a total of 64 turns per winding layer in the example, each of the eight wires being guided into the outer winding layer for approximately eight turns.

In total, the conductor bundle has eight wires (branches) a, b ... h, in the example shown the branch d, which is on the outside, is first connected to the taps 18, 19. The twisting points are also shown. In the next winding section, a corresponding tap configuration is connected to branches c. This structure continues over the entire winding. It should be noted that in this case too, the wires lying in a lower winding position can be provided with taps.

FIG. 4B shows part of a development of a cyclic spiral winding, with taps 18, 19 are recognizable. The twists and interruptions are also clearly shown.

In all of the exemplary embodiments shown, the tapping connections are all mounted in the same winding position, it being ensured that each of the wires is guided in each winding position.

Claims (4)

1. winding for transformers and chokes, which is provided with taps, characterized in that the winding with a number of turns per winding layer and several parallel, mutually insulated wires is wound as a spiral winding with crossovers or twists, in which each of the wires in each Winding position is guided and in which the tapping connections (8, 9, 10, 11, 18, 19) are all attached in the same winding position. 2. Winding according to claim 1, characterized in that all tap connections are attached in the outer winding layer. 3. Winding according to claim 1, characterized in that all winding sections are provided with the same tap configuration. 4. Winding according to claim 1, characterized in that the winding sections consisting of several turns (7, 7 ', 7 ", 7' '') are divided in the tapped winding layer and with, for example, four or six taps for connection to one or more Diverter (12) are provided.

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