EP0013902B1 - Process and apparatus for the manufacture of velvet needle-felted webs - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the manufacture of velvet needle-felted webs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0013902B1
EP0013902B1 EP80100098A EP80100098A EP0013902B1 EP 0013902 B1 EP0013902 B1 EP 0013902B1 EP 80100098 A EP80100098 A EP 80100098A EP 80100098 A EP80100098 A EP 80100098A EP 0013902 B1 EP0013902 B1 EP 0013902B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
wound
fiber
fleece
needles
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EP80100098A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0013902A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Dilo
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Oskar Dilo Maschinenfabrik KG
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Oskar Dilo Maschinenfabrik KG
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Priority to AT80100098T priority Critical patent/ATE2689T1/en
Publication of EP0013902A1 publication Critical patent/EP0013902A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • D04H11/08—Non-woven pile fabrics formed by creation of a pile on at least one surface of a non-woven fabric without addition of pile-forming material, e.g. by needling, by differential shrinking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing velor needle felt webs by processing, d. H. Needles, a nonwoven fabric by means of felting needles for the purpose of solidifying the same and subsequent needling of the pre-consolidated nonwoven fabric by means of fork needles forming fiber pile loops.
  • a machine or system for producing such velor needle felt webs consists of the carding machine, the cross or cross layer, a pre-needle machine, a main needle machine, a velor needle machine and the necessary facilities for post-treatment of the mechanically processed material web.
  • the invention has for its object to propose a method by means of which a high quality velor needle felt material can be produced, which is in no way inferior to the velor materials produced by other methods and compared to the previously known velor needle felt material a much more favorable fiber distribution in terms of Has pole and bottom material and which is considerably less complex to implement.
  • a high quality velor needle felt material can be produced, which is in no way inferior to the velor materials produced by other methods and compared to the previously known velor needle felt material a much more favorable fiber distribution in terms of Has pole and bottom material and which is considerably less complex to implement.
  • Such a web material is the same as all other velor material webs and can compete with them in terms of the quality of the product.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a machine suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • velor needle felt webs in such a way that at least at least one nonwoven web consisting of several layers is helically wound into a tube rotating about its axis and continuously moving in the axial direction, the individual layers of the nonwoven tape partially overlapping each other so that the wound tube is then smaller than the width along a tube section adjoining the inlet edge of the nonwoven tape, as seen in the tube pull-off direction, which is smaller, preferably up to about half smaller of the nonwoven tape, is solidified in a manner known per se by means of felting needles and that then from the upper or outside loose fiber layer of the wound tube, the fibers forming the pile loops are also pressed in a known manner by means of fork needles through the pre-consolidated lower or inner fiber layer.
  • the individual layers of a nonwoven fabric tape are offset from one another and placed on top of one another in the direction in which the tube is drawn off.
  • the individual layers are placed at an acute angle to one another at an acute angle with respect to the cylindrical bearing surface of the hose.
  • the above-mentioned lateral offset of the layers when the nonwoven tape is built up must be so large that the inclined edge surface of the nonwoven tape is substantially parallel to the support surface when the tube is formed or adjoins the oblique edge surface of the previous turn.
  • the method proposed according to the invention offers the essential advantage that the fiber material wound into a tube is only solidified with respect to a certain height in order to form the soil and that the loose fiber material located above this pre-consolidated and sufficiently dense fiber layer is largely pushed through the pre-consolidated fiber layer to form the pile becomes.
  • the area in which the fleece wound into a tube is processed can be relatively small, since due to the rotation of the tube with simultaneous axial movement, the fiber material is adequately processed, which in turn requires relatively little equipment and a much lighter construction the machine requires.
  • the machine for carrying out the method according to the invention has a shaft which is arranged in a stationary manner on a frame and which is provided with a lamellar web wound onto it with a uniform pitch and fastened thereon, which is opposite to it with at least one radially movable to the shaft, with felt and Fork needles equipped needle bar is arranged.
  • a nonwoven tape feed device and at least one hose rotating and feeding device consisting of an endless conveyor belt are assigned to the shaft designed in the aforementioned manner.
  • the endless conveyor belt is guided over at least two deflecting rollers, a strand of which rests under tension on the outside of the hose, so that the hose is entrained and rotated due to friction when the conveyor belt moves.
  • two needle bars are assigned to the shaft covered with a lamella web, so that two nonwoven webs can also be fed to form the tube, which can increase the performance of the machine.
  • a tubular shaft 12 is fastened horizontally to a frame of the machine 11 (not shown in detail), on the outer surface of which is spiraled out with a slope that corresponds to the distance between the needles in the needle bar a steel strip existing slat web 13 is wound and fastened.
  • the upper and lower needle stations 14a and 14b are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, which in principle have the same structure, which is therefore only described in more detail below with reference to the upper needle station 14a.
  • the needle bar 15 which extends over a certain length of the shaft 12, carries two groups of needles one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, namely the felting needles 16 and behind them the velor or fork needles 17.
  • the needles 16 and 17 are passed through openings in the hold-down plate 18, between which and the nonwoven web 19 is fed to the outer edges of the lamella webs 13.
  • the needle bar 15 is carried by one or more rockers 20 which are mounted on an axis 21.
  • the needle bar 15 is set in a swinging up and down motion, the needles with their free ends of the layered fleece built up over the lamellae 13 of the shaft 12 25 penetrate in a manner known per se and on the one hand solidify the area of the fiber fleece 25 adjacent to the lamella 13 or on the other hand through the fibers from the outer, loose layer of the fleece to form the pile loops push through the solidified base layer.
  • the nonwoven web 19 is fed to the needle stations 14 via the guide plate 26.
  • the feed speed of the nonwoven web 19 is synchronous with the speed of rotation of the fiber material tube 27 formed around the shaft 12 with its fins 13, which tube is rotated constantly uniformly with the aid of the tube turning device.
  • This consists of the two endless conveyor belts 28, 29, which are deflected via the two upper rollers 30, 31 and the lower rollers 32, 33 and tensioned by means of rollers 34 and 35 and bear against the fiber material tube 27 under appropriate pretension and against them press on the lamella webs 13 and take them with them as a result of the friction effect according to their own movement, the direction of which is marked by arrows.
  • the lamellae 13 consist of a spirally wound web and in the second part of the needle station 14 the pole loops are pressed into the space between two adjacent lamellae, when the fiber material hose 27 is rotated, it is automatically moved axially with a corresponding rotation corresponding to the gradient of the lamella web 13.
  • the previously described machine 11 is assigned a carding machine 41 with a pile divider 42 which divides the card web 43 emitted by the carding machine into card webs 44a to 44e.
  • the card web laying device 45 deflects the card webs 44a to 44e in the manner shown and the individual card webs 44a to 44e towards one another in such a way that the band lying above the bottom card web lies offset with respect to the bottom card web so that the nonwoven web 46 formed in this way extends there are five mutually offset layers which have a tapered edge region 47 or 48 on both sides, as can be seen from FIG. 3.
  • the pile belts 44a to 44e or the nonwoven web 46 formed from them are deposited on the conveyor belt 49, which feeds them to the nonwoven web feed and guiding device 51, which ensures that the nonwoven web 46 is stacked in the manner to form the fiber material hose 27 that the individual layers of the nonwoven web 46 are inclined at an acute angle and an evenly high fiber material layer with a uniform, homogeneous fiber distribution is obtained, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, which schematically shows the structure or the layering of the fiber material tube 27.
  • This type of formation or layering of the fiber material to be needled and by the arrangement of the needling zone in the area of the entry of the nonwoven web 46 into the machine 11 ensures that the needles of the needle group 16 serving to pre-consolidate the base layer 61 only the lower or inner one Detect layer 61, but not the fibers lying in the upper or outer loose layer 62, which are detected by the velor or fork needles of the needle groups 17 when the fleece band 46 runs in and the hose 27 continues to move, and by the lower or inner layer 61 to form the pole loops and be pushed into the spaces between the individual lamellae 13.
  • FIG. 3 is only schematic insofar as in the area of the needling zone and behind it the nonwoven material of the tube 27 effectively takes on a different shape, i. H. that the surface sinks and the material thickness becomes smaller because on the one hand it solidifies and on the other hand the fibers have been pressed through the solidified layer as pile loops.
  • Fig. 3 the theoretical structure of the fiber material from which the fiber material tube 27 is formed is primarily to be shown.
  • the fiber material tube 27 formed in the manner described is, as can be seen from FIG. 4, either immediately after its formation or after further treatment of its outside, for example by applying a coating, cut open in a manner known per se by means of a cutting device 71 which is rotatably mounted and is rotated synchronously with the hose in order to obtain mutually parallel edges 71, 72 of the flat-lying velor needle felt web 73.
  • the web 73 is finally wound up into a bale 76 with the aid of the winding device 75 which can be rotated about the hose axis 74.

Abstract

The invention refers to a method for the production of velour needlefelt webs by processing a fiber fleece bonded through needling, using velour or fork needles forming pile loops. At least one fiber fleece band which consists of several layers is helically wound to form a tube which continuously develops in an axial direction. The tube rotates about its own axis, wherein the individual layers of the fleece band partly overlap on each wind and the lower or inner-lying layers of the wound tube are bonded in a width which is smaller, preferably up to half the width of the width of the fleece band in a known manner using felting needles and from the upper or outer-lying loose fiber layer of the wound tube, the fibers forming the pile loops are pushed through the pre-bonded lower or inner-lying fiber layer in a known manner using fork needles. The finished processed tube is cut open in the axial direction, said flat and the so-formed material web is wound up. sp This is a divisional of a previous application Ser. No. 06/108,041 filed Dec. 28, 1979, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,378,618 granted Apr. 5, 1983.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Velour-Nadelfilzbahnen durch Bearbeiten, d. h. Nadeln, eines Faservlieses mittels Filznadeln zwecks Verfestigung desselben und anschließendes Nadeln des vorverfestigten Faservlieses mittels Faserflorschlingen bildenden Gabelnadeln.The invention relates to a method for producing velor needle felt webs by processing, d. H. Needles, a nonwoven fabric by means of felting needles for the purpose of solidifying the same and subsequent needling of the pre-consolidated nonwoven fabric by means of fork needles forming fiber pile loops.

Es ist bereits bekannt, Velour-Nadelfilzbahnen durch Anwendung der Nadeltechnik herzustellen. Man ist hierbei bisher in der Weise vorgegangen, daß eine von einer Krempelanlage gelieferte, längsorientierte Faserflorbahn mit Hilfe eines Querlegers zick-zack-förmig zu einem mehrlagigen voluminösen, querorientierten Vlies aufgebaut bzw. getäfelt wird, welches der weiteren Bearbeitung unterzogen wird. Die vorerwähnte Art der Herstellung des weiterzuverarbeitenden Vlieses bedingt einen ungleichmäßigen Vliesaufbau, insbesondere eine unerwünschte Zunahme der Stärke des Vlieses im Bereich der Ränder.It is already known to produce velor needle felt webs using the needle technique. So far, one has proceeded in such a way that a longitudinally oriented fibrous web supplied by a carding machine is zigzag-shaped with the help of a transverse layer to form a multilayered voluminous, transversely oriented fleece, which is subjected to further processing. The aforementioned type of manufacture of the nonwoven to be processed requires an uneven nonwoven structure, in particular an undesirable increase in the thickness of the nonwoven in the area of the edges.

Überdies ist von Nachteil, daß beim Vernadeln eines derartigen Vlieses durch das Einschrumpfen der Materialbahn die Randdicke weiter zunimmt, was ein Beschneiden der Bahn erfordert, wodurch nicht unerhebliche Abfallmengen anfallen. Die weitere Bearbeitung eines derartigen Vlieses erfolgt in der Weise, daß dieses zunächst zwecks Verfestigung genadelt und daß anschließend mit Hilfe von Gabelnadeln der Flor gebildet wird, indem aus dem bereits in etwa gleichmäßig verfestigten Vlies die Faserflorschlingen herausgedrückt werden..Moreover, it is disadvantageous that when needling such a fleece, the shrinking of the material web further increases the edge thickness, which requires the web to be trimmed, as a result of which not inconsiderable amounts of waste are generated. The further processing of such a fleece takes place in such a way that it is first needled for consolidation and that the pile is then formed with the help of fork needles, by pressing the fiber pile loops out of the roughly uniformly consolidated fleece.

Diese Arbeitsweise hat einige wesentliche Nachteile sowohl herstellungstechnischer Art als auch hinsichtlich der Qualität des Endprodukts.This way of working has some significant disadvantages, both in terms of manufacturing technology and in terms of the quality of the end product.

Da die die Florschlingen bildenden Fasern aus dem notwendigerweise in seiner ganzen Stärke verfestigten Faservlies herausgestoßen werden müssen und da dieses Vlies bereits eine beträchtliche Verdichtung erfahren hat, ist eine erhebliche Arbeit aufzuwenden, um den Flor zu bilden. Dies bedingt eine hohe Antriebsleistung der Maschine sowie eine außerordentlich steife Maschinenkonstruktion, die die auftretenden hohen Kräfte aufnehmen kann. Da das Endprodukt vornehmlich als Bodenbelag dienen soll, muß die Bahn eine gewisse Mindestbreite haben. Entsprechend breit ist das Gestell der Maschine auszulegen, so daß bei den üblichen Bahnbreiten wegen der erforderlichen Steifigkeit der in Betracht kommenden Maschinenteile ein enormer konstruktiver Aufwand unvermeidbar ist.Since the fibers forming the pile loops have to be pushed out of the nonwoven fabric, which is necessarily consolidated in its full strength, and since this nonwoven fabric has already undergone considerable compaction, considerable work has to be done to form the pile. This requires a high drive power of the machine as well as an extraordinarily rigid machine construction that can absorb the high forces that occur. Since the end product should primarily serve as a floor covering, the web must have a certain minimum width. The frame of the machine must be designed to be correspondingly wide, so that with the usual web widths, because of the required rigidity of the machine parts in question, an enormous amount of design effort is unavoidable.

Weiterhin ist von Nachteil, daß die Maschinenleistung auch dadurch begrenzt ist, daß infolge der hohen Reibleistung beim Nadeln des Faservlieses, insbesondere bei der Florbildung, Erwärmungen der Werkzeuge und Maschinenteile auftreten, die sich häufig ungünstig auf das Fasermaterial, aber auch auf die Maschine selbst auswirken.Another disadvantage is that the machine performance is also limited by the fact that due to the high friction when needling the nonwoven fabric, in particular when forming the pile, heating of the tools and machine parts occur, which often have an unfavorable effect on the fiber material, but also on the machine itself .

Schließlich ist im Hinblick auf das Endprodukt von Nachteil, daß sich aus dem vorverfestigten Faservlies nach der vorbekannten Methode nur etwa 25 bis 30% des Fasermaterials zur Bildung des Flors bzw. der Polschlingen aus dem Vlies herausdrücken lassen, was einen wegen zu geringer Poldichte sehr mageren Flor ergibt, der eine nur sehr begrenzte Anwendung ermöglicht.Finally, with regard to the end product, it is disadvantageous that only about 25 to 30% of the fiber material for forming the pile or pile loops can be pressed out of the nonwoven fabric from the pre-consolidated nonwoven fabric, which makes one very lean due to the pile density being too low Flor results, which allows a very limited application.

Eine Maschine bzw. Anlage zur Herstellung derartiger Velour-Nadelfilzbahnen besteht aus der Krempelanlage, dem Quer- oder Kreuzleger, einer Vornadelmaschine, einer Hauptnadelmaschine, einer Velournadelmaschine und den notwendigen Einrichtungen zur Nachbehandlung der mechanisch bearbeiteten Materialbahn. Diese Aufzählung verdeutlicht den bisher notwendigen erheblichen apparativen Aufwand, wobei zu berücksichtigen ist, daß die einzelnen Maschinen bzw. Geräte eine der Breite der Materialbahn angepaßte Breite aufweisen müssen.A machine or system for producing such velor needle felt webs consists of the carding machine, the cross or cross layer, a pre-needle machine, a main needle machine, a velor needle machine and the necessary facilities for post-treatment of the mechanically processed material web. This list clarifies the considerable outlay in terms of apparatus that was previously necessary, whereby it must be taken into account that the individual machines or devices must have a width that is adapted to the width of the material web.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, mit dessen Hilfe ein qualitativ hochwertiges Velour-Nadelfilzmaterial herstellbar ist, das in keiner Weise den nach anderen Verfahren hergestellten Velourmaterialien nachsteht und gegenüber dem bisher bekannten Velour-Nadelfilzmaterial eine wesentlich günstigere Faserverteilung in bezug auf das Pol- und Bodenmaterial aufweist und welches apparativ erheblich weniger aufwendig durchführbar ist. Vorzugsweise soll im günstigsten Falle erreichbar sein, daß bis etwa 70% der Fasern des Faservlieses im Polmaterial und nur etwa 30% im Bodenmaterial liegen. Ein derartiges Bahnmaterial ist allen anderen Velour-Materialbahnen gleichartig und vermag mit ihnen in bezug auf die Qualität des Erzeugnisses zu konkurrieren.The invention has for its object to propose a method by means of which a high quality velor needle felt material can be produced, which is in no way inferior to the velor materials produced by other methods and compared to the previously known velor needle felt material a much more favorable fiber distribution in terms of Has pole and bottom material and which is considerably less complex to implement. In the best case, it should preferably be possible for up to about 70% of the fibers of the nonwoven to be in the pile material and only about 30% in the base material. Such a web material is the same as all other velor material webs and can compete with them in terms of the quality of the product.

Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt darin, eine für die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens geeignete Maschine vorzuschlagen.Another object of the invention is to propose a machine suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, zum Herstellen von Velour-Nadelfilzbahnen in der Weise zu verfahren, daß zunächst wenigstens ein aus mehreren Lagen bestehendes Faservliesband schraubenlinienförmig zu einem sich um seine Achse drehenden, in axialer Richtung kontinuierlich weiterbewegenden Schlauch gewickelt wird, wobei sich die einzelnen Lagen des Vliesbandes je Windung einander teilweise überlappen, daß dann der gewickelte Schlauch längs eines sich an die in Schlauchabzugsrichtung gesehen hinten liegende Einlaufkante des Vliesbandes anschließenden Schlauchabschnittes, der kleiner, vorzugsweise bis zu etwa um die Hälfte kleiner, ist als die Breite des Vliesbandes, in an sich bekannter Weise mittels Filznadeln verfestigt wird und daß dann aus der oberen bzw. außenliegenden lockeren Faserschicht des gewickelten Schlauches die die Polschlingen bildenden Fasern in gleichfalls bekannter Weise mittels Gabelnadeln durch die vorverfestigte untere bzw. innenliegende Faserschicht hindurchgedrückt werden.To achieve the object, it is proposed according to the invention to proceed for the production of velor needle felt webs in such a way that at least at least one nonwoven web consisting of several layers is helically wound into a tube rotating about its axis and continuously moving in the axial direction, the individual layers of the nonwoven tape partially overlapping each other so that the wound tube is then smaller than the width along a tube section adjoining the inlet edge of the nonwoven tape, as seen in the tube pull-off direction, which is smaller, preferably up to about half smaller of the nonwoven tape, is solidified in a manner known per se by means of felting needles and that then from the upper or outside loose fiber layer of the wound tube, the fibers forming the pile loops are also pressed in a known manner by means of fork needles through the pre-consolidated lower or inner fiber layer.

Um ein möglichst gleichmäßig starkes und homogenes, zu einem Schlauch gewickeltes Faservlies zu erhalten, werden die einzelnen Lagen eines Faservliesbandes zur Abzugsrichtung des Schlauches entgegengesetzt zueinander versetzt und aufeinandergelegt. Beim Wikkein des Schlauches aus dem so gebildeten Faservliesband sind die einzelnen Lagen gegenüber der zylindrischen Auflagefläche des Schlauches unter einem spitzen Winkel geneigt aufeinander abgelegt.In order to obtain a nonwoven fabric that is as uniformly strong and homogeneous as possible and wound into a tube, the individual layers of a nonwoven fabric tape are offset from one another and placed on top of one another in the direction in which the tube is drawn off. When the hose is made of the nonwoven fabric band formed in this way, the individual layers are placed at an acute angle to one another at an acute angle with respect to the cylindrical bearing surface of the hose.

Der vorerwähnte seitliche Versatz der Lagen beim Aufbauen des Vliesbandes muß so groß sein, daß die geneigte Randfläche des Vliesbandes bei der Bildung des Schlauches im wesentlichen parallel zu dessen Auflagefläche liegt bzw. an die schräge Randfläche der vorhergehenden Windung anschließt.The above-mentioned lateral offset of the layers when the nonwoven tape is built up must be so large that the inclined edge surface of the nonwoven tape is substantially parallel to the support surface when the tube is formed or adjoins the oblique edge surface of the previous turn.

Der in der beschriebenen Weise gebildete und bearbeitete Schlauch, dessen Außenseite in der üblichen Weise noch behandelt und bearbeitet bzw. mit Schichtmaterial belegt werden kann, wird schließlich in Abhängigkeit von seiner Drehung aufgeschnitten, so daß eine Bahn mit parallelen Kanten entsteht, welche flachgelegt und aufgewickelt wird.The hose formed and processed in the manner described, the outside of which can still be treated and processed or coated with layer material in the usual manner, is finally cut open depending on its rotation, so that a web is formed with parallel edges, which is laid flat and wound up becomes.

Das erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Verfahren bietet den wesentlichen Vorteil, daß das zu einem Schlauch aufgewickelte Fasermaterial nur hinsichtlich einer bestimmten Höhe zwecks Bildung des Bodens verfestigt wird und daß das über dieser vorverfestigten und ausreichend dichten Faserlage befindliche lockere Fasermaterial weitgehend zur Bildung des Flors durch die vorverfestigte Faserlage hindurchgedrückt wird. Der Bereich, in welchem das zu einem Schlauch gewickelte Vlies bearbeitet wird, kann relativ klein sein, da durch die Drehung des Schlauches bei gleichzeitiger axialer Bewegung bedingt, eine ausreichende Bearbeitung des Fasermaterials erfolgt, was wiederum einen relativ geringen apparativen Aufwand und eine wesentlich leichtere Konstruktion der Maschine erfordert.The method proposed according to the invention offers the essential advantage that the fiber material wound into a tube is only solidified with respect to a certain height in order to form the soil and that the loose fiber material located above this pre-consolidated and sufficiently dense fiber layer is largely pushed through the pre-consolidated fiber layer to form the pile becomes. The area in which the fleece wound into a tube is processed can be relatively small, since due to the rotation of the tube with simultaneous axial movement, the fiber material is adequately processed, which in turn requires relatively little equipment and a much lighter construction the machine requires.

Die Maschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung weist einen an einem Gestell ortsfest angeordneten Schaft auf, welcher mit einem schraubenlinienförmig auf diesen mit gleichmäßiger Steigung aufgewickelten und auf ihm befestigten Lamellensteg versehen ist, welchem gegenüber wenigstens ein radial zum Schaft bewegbarer, mit Filz- und Gabelnadeln bestückter Nadelbalken angeordnet ist. Dem in vorerwähnter Weise ausgebildeten Schaft ist im Arbeitsbereich der Nadeln des Nadelbalkens eine Faservliesband-Zuführeinrichtung sowie wenigstens eine aus einem endlosen Förderband bestehende Schlauchdreh- und -vorschubeinrichtung zugeordnet. Bei letzterer ist das endlose Förderband über wenigstens zwei Umlenkwalzen geführt, wobei ein Trum desselben auf der Außenseite des Schlauches unter Spannung anliegt, so daß bei Bewegung des Förderbandes der Schlauch infolge Reibung mitgenommen und gedreht wird.The machine for carrying out the method according to the invention has a shaft which is arranged in a stationary manner on a frame and which is provided with a lamellar web wound onto it with a uniform pitch and fastened thereon, which is opposite to it with at least one radially movable to the shaft, with felt and Fork needles equipped needle bar is arranged. In the working area of the needles of the needle bar, a nonwoven tape feed device and at least one hose rotating and feeding device consisting of an endless conveyor belt are assigned to the shaft designed in the aforementioned manner. In the latter, the endless conveyor belt is guided over at least two deflecting rollers, a strand of which rests under tension on the outside of the hose, so that the hose is entrained and rotated due to friction when the conveyor belt moves.

Vorteilhafterweise sind dem mit einem Lamellensteg besetzten Schaft zwei Nadelbalken zugeordnet, so daß auch zwei Faservliesbänder zur Bildung des Schlauches zugeführt werden können, wodurch sich die Leistungsfähigkeit der Maschine steigern läßt.Advantageously, two needle bars are assigned to the shaft covered with a lamella web, so that two nonwoven webs can also be fed to form the tube, which can increase the performance of the machine.

Weitere Merkmale und Einzelheiten der erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Maschine gehen aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels hervor, welches in den Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellt ist. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch die Maschine in schematischer Darstellung;
  • Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht auf die schematisch dargestellte Maschine;
  • Fig. einen Schnitt durch einen Teil aus mehreren Schichten gebildeten, geneigt übereinanderliegenden Fasermaterials, aus welchem der Fasermaterialschlauch gebildet wird;
  • Fig.4 eine Aufsicht auf die der Maschine nachgeschaltete Schneidwickelvorrichtung.
Further features and details of the machine designed according to the invention are evident from the subclaims and the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment, which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. It shows
  • 1 shows a cross section through the machine in a schematic representation.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine shown schematically;
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a part of a plurality of layers formed, inclined fiber material lying one above the other, from which the fiber material tube is formed;
  • 4 shows a plan view of the cutting winding device connected downstream of the machine.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, ist an einem nicht im Detail dargeste!!ten Gestell der Maschine 11 ein rohrförmiger Schaft 12 im vorliegenden Fall horizontal befestigt, auf dessen Außenfläche spiralförmig mit einer Steigung, die dem Abstand der Nadeln im Nadelbalken entspricht, ein aus einem Stahlband bestehender Lamellensteg 13 aufgewickelt und befestigt ist. Oberhalb und unterhalb des Schaftes 12 sind in Längsrichtung des Schaftes die obere sowie die untere Nadelstation 14a bzw. 14b angeordnet, welche prinzipiell den gleichen Aufbau haben, der deshalb nachstehend nur anhand der oberen Nadelstation 14a näher beschrieben ist. Der sich über eine bestimmte Länge des Schaftes 12 erstreckende Nadelbalken 15 trägt in Schaftlängsrichtung hintereinanderliegend zwei Gruppen von Nadeln, nämlich die Filznadeln 16 und dahinterliegend die Velour- oder Gabelnadeln 17. Die Nadeln 16 und 17 sind durch Öffnungen in dem Niederhalterblech 18 hindurchgeführt, zwischen welchem und den Außenkaten der Lamellenstege 13 das Faservliesband 19 zugeführt wird. Der Nadelbalken 15 wird von einer oder mehreren Schwingen 20 getragen, die an einer Achse 21 gelagert sind. Über die Pleuelstange 22, den Schwinghebel 23 und die in axiale Schwingungen versetzte Schub- bzw. Zugstange 24 wird der Nadelbalken 15 in auf- und abschwingende Bewegung versetzt, wobei die Nadeln mit ihren freien Enden das über den Lamellen 13 des Schaftes 12 aufgebaute geschichtete Vlies 25 in an sich bekannter Weise durchdringen und dabei einerseits den den Lamellen 13 benachbarten Bereich des Faservlieses 25 verfestigen bzw. andererseits aus der außenliegenden lockeren Schicht des Vlieses die Fasern zur Bildung der Polschlingen durch die verfestigte Grundschicht hindurchdrücken.As can be seen from FIG. 1, in the present case, a tubular shaft 12 is fastened horizontally to a frame of the machine 11 (not shown in detail), on the outer surface of which is spiraled out with a slope that corresponds to the distance between the needles in the needle bar a steel strip existing slat web 13 is wound and fastened. Above and below the shaft 12, the upper and lower needle stations 14a and 14b are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, which in principle have the same structure, which is therefore only described in more detail below with reference to the upper needle station 14a. The needle bar 15, which extends over a certain length of the shaft 12, carries two groups of needles one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, namely the felting needles 16 and behind them the velor or fork needles 17. The needles 16 and 17 are passed through openings in the hold-down plate 18, between which and the nonwoven web 19 is fed to the outer edges of the lamella webs 13. The needle bar 15 is carried by one or more rockers 20 which are mounted on an axis 21. Via the connecting rod 22, the rocker arm 23 and the push or pull rod 24 set in axial vibrations, the needle bar 15 is set in a swinging up and down motion, the needles with their free ends of the layered fleece built up over the lamellae 13 of the shaft 12 25 penetrate in a manner known per se and on the one hand solidify the area of the fiber fleece 25 adjacent to the lamella 13 or on the other hand through the fibers from the outer, loose layer of the fleece to form the pile loops push through the solidified base layer.

Das Faservliesband 19 wird über das Leitblech 26 den Nadelstationen 14 zugeführt. Die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des Faservliesbandes 19 ist synchron der Drehgeschwindigkeit des um den Schaft 12 herum mit seinen Lamellen 13 gebildeten Fasermaterialschlauchs 27, der mit Hilfe der Schlauchdreheinrichtung ständig gleichförmig gedreht wird. Diese besteht aus den beiden endlosen Förderbändern 28, 29, welche über die beiden oberen Walzen 30, 31 bzw. die unteren Walzen 32, 33 umgelenkt und mittels Walzen 34 bzw. 35 gespannt werden und unter entsprechender Vorspannung an dem Fasermaterialschlauch 27 anliegen und diesen gegen die Lamellenstege 13 andrücken und dabei infolge Reibwirkung entsprechend ihrer eigenen Bewegung mitnehmen, deren Richtung durch Pfeile markiert ist. Da die Lamellen 13 aus einem spiralförmig gewickelten Steg bestehen und im zweiten Teil der Nadelstation 14 die Polschlingen in den Zwischenraum zwischen je zwei benachbarten Lamellen hineingedrückt sind, wird bei Drehung des Fasermaterialschlauchs 27 dieser automatisch bei entsprechender Drehung entsprechend der Steigung des Lamellensteges 13 axial weiterbewegt.The nonwoven web 19 is fed to the needle stations 14 via the guide plate 26. The feed speed of the nonwoven web 19 is synchronous with the speed of rotation of the fiber material tube 27 formed around the shaft 12 with its fins 13, which tube is rotated constantly uniformly with the aid of the tube turning device. This consists of the two endless conveyor belts 28, 29, which are deflected via the two upper rollers 30, 31 and the lower rollers 32, 33 and tensioned by means of rollers 34 and 35 and bear against the fiber material tube 27 under appropriate pretension and against them press on the lamella webs 13 and take them with them as a result of the friction effect according to their own movement, the direction of which is marked by arrows. Since the lamellae 13 consist of a spirally wound web and in the second part of the needle station 14 the pole loops are pressed into the space between two adjacent lamellae, when the fiber material hose 27 is rotated, it is automatically moved axially with a corresponding rotation corresponding to the gradient of the lamella web 13.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, ist der zuvor beschriebenen Maschine 11 eine Krempelmaschine 41 mit einem Florteiler 42 zugeordnet, welcher die von der Krempelmaschine abgegebene Florbahn 43 in Florbänder 44a bis 44e zerteilt. Die Florbandlegeeinrichtung 45 lenkt die Florbänder 44a bis 44e in dargestellter Weise um und die einzelnen Florbänder 44a bis 44e in der Weise aufeinander ab, daß das jeweils über dem unteren Florband liegende Band gegenüber dem unteren Florband versetzt aufliegt, so daß das so gebildete Faservliesband 46 aus fünf gegeneinander versetzten Schichten besteht, die an beiden Seiten einen sich verjüngenden Randbereich 47 bzw. 48 aufweisen, wie dies aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the previously described machine 11 is assigned a carding machine 41 with a pile divider 42 which divides the card web 43 emitted by the carding machine into card webs 44a to 44e. The card web laying device 45 deflects the card webs 44a to 44e in the manner shown and the individual card webs 44a to 44e towards one another in such a way that the band lying above the bottom card web lies offset with respect to the bottom card web so that the nonwoven web 46 formed in this way extends there are five mutually offset layers which have a tapered edge region 47 or 48 on both sides, as can be seen from FIG. 3.

Die Florbänder 44a bis 44e bzw. das aus ihnen gebildete Faservliesband 46 wird auf dem Förderband 49 abgelegt, welches es der Vliesbandzuführ- und -leiteinrichtung 51 zuführt, die dafür sorgt, daß das Faservliesband 46 in der Weise zur Bildung des Fasermaterialschlauchs 27 geschichtet abgelegt wird, daß die einzelnen Lagen des Faservliesbandes 46 spitzwinklig schräg geneigt liegen und eine gleichmäßig hohe Fasermaterialschicht mit gleichmäßiger, homogener Faserverteilung erhalten wird, wie dies insbesondere aus Fig. 3 hervorgeht, die schematisch den Aufbau bzw. die Schichtung des Fasermaterialschlauches 27 erkennen läßt. Durch diese Art der Bildung bzw. Schichtung des zu nadelnden Fasermaterials und durch die Anordnung der Nadelungszone im Bereich des Einlaufs des Faservliesbandes 46 in die Maschine 11 wird erreicht, daß die der Vorverfestigung der Grundschicht 61 dienenden Nadeln der Nadelgruppe 16 nur die untere bzw. innere Schicht 61 erfassen, nicht jedoch die in der oberen bzw. äußeren lockeren Schicht 62 liegenden Fasern, die bei Einlauf des Vliesbandes 46 und bei Weiterbewegung des Schlauchs 27 von den Velour- bzw. Gabelnadeln der Nadelgruppn 17 erfaßt und durch die untere bzw. innere Schicht 61 zur Bildung der Polschlingen hindurch und in die Zwischenräume zwischen den einzelnen Lamellen 13 gestoßen werden.The pile belts 44a to 44e or the nonwoven web 46 formed from them are deposited on the conveyor belt 49, which feeds them to the nonwoven web feed and guiding device 51, which ensures that the nonwoven web 46 is stacked in the manner to form the fiber material hose 27 that the individual layers of the nonwoven web 46 are inclined at an acute angle and an evenly high fiber material layer with a uniform, homogeneous fiber distribution is obtained, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, which schematically shows the structure or the layering of the fiber material tube 27. This type of formation or layering of the fiber material to be needled and by the arrangement of the needling zone in the area of the entry of the nonwoven web 46 into the machine 11 ensures that the needles of the needle group 16 serving to pre-consolidate the base layer 61 only the lower or inner one Detect layer 61, but not the fibers lying in the upper or outer loose layer 62, which are detected by the velor or fork needles of the needle groups 17 when the fleece band 46 runs in and the hose 27 continues to move, and by the lower or inner layer 61 to form the pole loops and be pushed into the spaces between the individual lamellae 13.

Die Darstellung in Fig. 3 ist insofern nur schematisch, als im Bereich der Nadelungszone und hinter dieser das Faservliesmaterial des Schlauches 27 effektiv eine andere Form annimmt, d. h. daß die Oberfläche absinkt und die Materialstärke geringer wird, weil es einerseits verfestigt und andererseits die Fasern als Polschlingen durch die verfestigte Schicht hindurchgedrückt worden sind. In Fig. 3 soll aber in erster Linie der theoretische Aufbau des Fasermaterials dargestellt werden, aus dem der Fasermaterialschlauch 27 gebildet wird.The illustration in FIG. 3 is only schematic insofar as in the area of the needling zone and behind it the nonwoven material of the tube 27 effectively takes on a different shape, i. H. that the surface sinks and the material thickness becomes smaller because on the one hand it solidifies and on the other hand the fibers have been pressed through the solidified layer as pile loops. In Fig. 3, however, the theoretical structure of the fiber material from which the fiber material tube 27 is formed is primarily to be shown.

Der in der beschriebenen Weise gebildete Fasermaterialschlauch 27 wird, wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich, entweder unmittelbar nach seiner Bildung oder gegebenenfalls nach weiterer Behandlung seiner Außenseite, beispielsweise durch Aufbringung einer Beschichtung, an sich bekannter Art mittels einer Schneideinrichtung 71 aufgeschnitten, die drehbar gelagert ist und synchron mit dem Schlauch gedreht wird, um einander parallele Kanten 71, 72 der flachliegenden Velour-Nadelfilzbahn 73 zu erhalten. Die Bahn 73 wird schließlich mit Hilfe der um die Schlauchachse 74 drehbaren Wickelvorrichtung 75 zu einem Ballen 76 aufgewickelt.The fiber material tube 27 formed in the manner described is, as can be seen from FIG. 4, either immediately after its formation or after further treatment of its outside, for example by applying a coating, cut open in a manner known per se by means of a cutting device 71 which is rotatably mounted and is rotated synchronously with the hose in order to obtain mutually parallel edges 71, 72 of the flat-lying velor needle felt web 73. The web 73 is finally wound up into a bale 76 with the aid of the winding device 75 which can be rotated about the hose axis 74.

Claims (11)

1. Method for the production of velour needlefelt webs by processing a fiber fleece bonded by needling, using fork needles forming pile loops, characterized in that at least one fiber freece band consisting of several layers is helically wound to form a tube rotating about its axis and continuously advancing in an axial direction, wherein the individual layers of the fleece band partly overlap on each wind, that the wound tube is bonded in a known manner, using felting needles, along a tube portion adjacent to the fleece band infeed edge situated in the rear as viewed from the tube doffing direction, said tube portion being smaller, preferably smaller by up to approximately onehalf, than the width of the fleece band, and that subsequently, from the upper or outer-lying fiber layer of the wound tube the fibers forming the pile loops are pushed through the pre-bonded lower or inner-lying fiber layer in a known manner using fork needles, and wherein the finished processed tube is cut 'pen in an axial direction, laid flat and the so-formed web is wound up.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the web strips forming the individual layers of a fiber fleece band are superposed in staggered relationship to each other in the opposite direction to the axial direction of motion of the tube.
3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the individual layers of the fiber fleece band are, on winding for formation of the fiber material tube, laid up in superposition in staggered relationship to each other at an acute angle relative to the cylindrical supporting surface, wherein the lateral displacement of the layers of the fiber fleece band is so great on the building up of the fiber material tube that the inclined edge surface of the fleece band lies parallel to the cylindrical supporting surface, and always the same number of fleece band layers lie on top of each other for the purpose of a constant tube wall thickness.
4. Machine for carrying out the method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by a shaft (12) assembled standfest in a frame, with a lamella plate (13) helically wound and attached on the shaft at a constant pitch, and being associated to at least one needle beam (15) equipped with felting and fork needles (16, 17) and capable of being moved radially towards the shaft (12), wherein at least one fleece band feeding device (49, 51) and at least one tube turning and feeding device consisting of one endless belt (28, 29) running over two diverting rolls (30, 32; 31, 33), the one half of said turning and feeding device lying under tension against the outside of the tube (27), are associated to the shaft (12) in the working area of the needles of the needle beam (15).
5. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that two needling devices (14a, 14b) are associated to the shaft (12) provided with a lamella plate (13).
6. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the fleece band feeding device (49, 51) is adjustable, in an axial direction of the tube (27), relative to the working area of the needles (16, 17).
7. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide elements of the web strip layering device (45) are laterally adjustable for the individual web strips (44a-44e) to be superposed in a staggered relationship to each other.
8. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotation speed of the diverting rolls (30; 33) is infinitely variable.
9. Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the diverting rolls (30, 33) driving the conveyor belts (28, 29) of the tube turning and feeding device and the drive rolls of the conveyor belts (49) of the fleece bands (46) to be wound can be driven individually with adjustable speed or can be coupled together.
10. Machine according to claim 4, characterized by a tube cutting device (71) rotatably mounted on the shaft (12) and rotating synchronously with the tube (27).
11. Machine according to claim 10, characterized by a web winding device (75) rotating synchronously with the tube (27).
EP80100098A 1979-01-11 1980-01-09 Process and apparatus for the manufacture of velvet needle-felted webs Expired EP0013902B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80100098T ATE2689T1 (en) 1979-01-11 1980-01-09 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF VELOR NEEDLE FELT WEBS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2900935A DE2900935C2 (en) 1979-01-11 1979-01-11 Method and device for producing velor needle-punched nonwoven webs
DE2900935 1979-01-11

Publications (2)

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EP0013902A1 EP0013902A1 (en) 1980-08-06
EP0013902B1 true EP0013902B1 (en) 1983-03-02

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EP80100098A Expired EP0013902B1 (en) 1979-01-11 1980-01-09 Process and apparatus for the manufacture of velvet needle-felted webs

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US (2) US4378618A (en)
EP (1) EP0013902B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS55128063A (en)
AT (1) ATE2689T1 (en)
DE (1) DE2900935C2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0013902A1 (en) 1980-08-06
US4454637A (en) 1984-06-19
US4378618A (en) 1983-04-05
DE2900935A1 (en) 1980-07-24
DE2900935C2 (en) 1986-10-16
JPS55128063A (en) 1980-10-03
ATE2689T1 (en) 1986-03-15

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