EP0011058A1 - Process for galvanizing selected areas of a metal article and galvanized articles produced by this process - Google Patents

Process for galvanizing selected areas of a metal article and galvanized articles produced by this process Download PDF

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EP0011058A1
EP0011058A1 EP79870021A EP79870021A EP0011058A1 EP 0011058 A1 EP0011058 A1 EP 0011058A1 EP 79870021 A EP79870021 A EP 79870021A EP 79870021 A EP79870021 A EP 79870021A EP 0011058 A1 EP0011058 A1 EP 0011058A1
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cement
article
water
undergoes
bath
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German (de)
French (fr)
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Désiré Danese
Eugène Pantusa
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/024Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by cleaning or etching
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C2/022Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas by heating
    • C23C2/0224Two or more thermal pretreatments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the local coating of a base metal with a molten metal coating and more particularly relates to a process for the galvanization of strips or strips of ferrous metal, on one side; the invention also extends to the products obtained by this process.
  • the aims pursued during the coating on a single face of metal strips or sheets are well known and have been described in American patents 3,121,019 and 3,149,987.
  • the coating on a surface is in particular desirable for obtaining corrosion resistance properties of zinc on one side of the metal, while the other side retains its initial surface without coating to allow inter alia the adhesion of the paint or the spot welding.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method by which a selected part or parts only of a piece of metal can be galvanized and the invention relates more specifically to a method of galvanizing only one side of a metal sheet.
  • the process can be practiced either as a batch process on individual sheets or as a continuous process on a tape. In each case, the steps performed on the material are the same.
  • the metal is first cleaned so that its surface is suitable for receiving the zinc.
  • the parts of the metal which are not to be galvanized are then coated with a mask material which is dried.
  • the metal is heated and immersed in the zinc and when the zinc coating has solidified, the mask material is removed.
  • the surface which was previously covered by the mask material is clean and suitable for any other treatment which may be necessary.
  • a material serving as a suitable protective mask must however meet the following requirements in order to allow effective use: it must be inexpensive, easy to apply and have good adhesion to the substrate during galvanization while being easily removable after galvanization.
  • the material must withstand high temperatures, that is to say a minimum temperature of about 450-500 °, which is the temperature of liquid zinc and preferably at a temperature of 900 ° C, view of protecting the metal against oxidation during possible subsequent heat treatments (for example tempering).
  • the material serving as a mask must also not pollute the zinc bath and remain free of zinc in order to avoid excessive entrainment of the zinc out of the galvanizing bath.
  • it must allow easy and inexpensive installation of the necessary equipment in existing galvanizing lines.
  • the present invention provides a process in which an article of ferrous metal, preferably a strip or sheet, is coated on the surface to be protected with an aqueous suspension of cement, after which said article is successively dried and heated to a temperature -above the zinc melting point, moved into the molten zinc bath and finally undergoes a cleaning step to remove the cement.
  • Cement is understood to mean a finely ground mineral material generally consisting of alumina, silica, lime, iron oxide and magnesia which have been calcined in an oven, which when mixed with water forms a plastic mass or paste which hardens by chemical reaction, freezing and crystallization. Any type of conventional cement is suitable, Portland cement being particularly suitable due to its high availability.
  • the particle size of the cement that is used will preferably be less than 74 ⁇ m and preferably between 0.25 pm and 75 pm.
  • the mask material In order to facilitate the coating of the mask material on the metal substrate, it will be prepared in the form of a relatively fluid paste with water in which various other additives can be added.
  • various other additives can be added.
  • hydrochloric acid appeared to be particularly useful.
  • Other additives such as binding agents for promoting the adhesion of mask material to the substrate, as well as viscosity modifiers, etc. are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • a mixture containing 140 ml of water, 140 ml of 10% hydrochloric acid and 200 g of Portland cement is generally recommended, since it will adhere easily to the substrate.
  • the application as a mask can be carried out using suitable equipment such as a brush, a roller or by spraying.
  • This coating operation is preferably carried out after the material of the substrate which is to be treated has been previously pickled, preferably using hydrochloric acid and / or degreased.
  • the drying and heating step can be carried out by any suitable means such as a heating oven operating at a suitable temperature.
  • the article to be treated is heated before it is introduced into the molten zinc bath to a temperature approaching the temperature of the molten zinc bath.
  • the product After galvanizing, the product can be cooled in an atmosphere of protective gas such as nitrogen.
  • the removal of the material serving as a mask can be carried out by any mechanical or physico-mechanical technique such as air blowing, dry brushing, washing with water, with or without simultaneous brushing.
  • the article having undergone local galvanization can undergo a final rinsing step, for example using cold water.
  • a solvent which is preferably a water-immiscible solvent can be added to the rinsing water.
  • the cement which has been applied to the metal part dries and adheres properly to the substrate, which allows its handling and transport as well as its introduction into the bath.
  • the adhesion is such that by scraping the cement using a suitable tool, a complementary local surface can be released for subsequent galvanization.
  • This technique can be useful for making corrections or for making it possible to galvanize localized surfaces in a relatively large field having received a material serving as a mask.
  • the method is particularly suitable for the continuous coating of a steel strip or sheet, but is not limited thereto.
  • One side of a strip of metal which has undergone pickling receives a coating of a preparation containing 140 ml of water, 140 ml of 10% hydrochloric acid and 200 g of Portland cement.
  • the coating is such that the metal is covered with 170 g of dry matter per square meter.
  • the sheet is then heated to approximately 400 ° C and enters a bath of molten zinc at a temperature of approximately 44O-46O ° C.
  • the sheet is removed from the bath after one minute and rinsed under a stream of water with simultaneous brushing.
  • the galvanized metal sheet has a shiny surface on the side which has not been galvanized, while the other side has received a uniform coating of a layer of zinc having the usual quality which is observed for galvanizing on two sides.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Abstract

The article, made of ferrous metal, preferably a band or strip, receives a coating of an aqueous suspension of cement on the surface intended to be protected from the galvanisation and is then dried, heated to a temperature above the melting point of zinc and moves into the bath of molten zinc. It finally undergoes a cleaning stage to remove the cement deposit forming the mask and, optionally a final rinsing. The articles obtained in this way may be steel bands galvanised on only one face, intended for use in the motor vehicle industry. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour le revêtement local d'un métal de base par un revêtement métallique fondu et concerne plus particulièrement un procédé pour la galvanisation de bandes ou de feuillards de métal ferreux, sur un seul côté; l'invention s'étend également aux produits obtenus par ce procédé.The present invention relates to a process for the local coating of a base metal with a molten metal coating and more particularly relates to a process for the galvanization of strips or strips of ferrous metal, on one side; the invention also extends to the products obtained by this process.

Les buts poursuivis lors du revêtement sur une seule face de bandes de métal ou de feuilles sont bien connus et ont été décrits dans les brevets américains 3,121,019 et 3,149,987. Le revêtement sur une surface est en particulier souhaitable pour obtenir des propriétés de résistance à la corrosion du zinc sur une face du métal, tandis que l'autre face conserve sa surface initiale sans revêtement pour permettre entre autre l'adhérence de la peinture ou la soudure par points.The aims pursued during the coating on a single face of metal strips or sheets are well known and have been described in American patents 3,121,019 and 3,149,987. The coating on a surface is in particular desirable for obtaining corrosion resistance properties of zinc on one side of the metal, while the other side retains its initial surface without coating to allow inter alia the adhesion of the paint or the spot welding.

La présente invention vise à fournir un procédé par lequel une partie ou des parties choisies seulement d'une pièce de métal peuvent être galvanisées et l'invention concerne plus spécifiquement un procédé de galvanisation d'une face seulement d'une feuille de métal. Le procédé peut être mis en pratique soit sous forme d'un procédé discontinu sur des feuilles individuelles soit sous forme d'un procédé continu sur une bande. Dans chaque cas, les étapes effectuées sur le matériau sont les mêmes.The present invention aims to provide a method by which a selected part or parts only of a piece of metal can be galvanized and the invention relates more specifically to a method of galvanizing only one side of a metal sheet. The process can be practiced either as a batch process on individual sheets or as a continuous process on a tape. In each case, the steps performed on the material are the same.

Selon l'invention, le métal est d'abord nettoyé de manière que sa surface convienne pour recevoir le zinc. Les parties du métal qui ne doivent pas subir la galvanisation reçoivent ensuite un revêtement d'une matière servant de masque qui est séchée. Ensuite, le métal est chauffé et plongé dans le zinc et lorsque le revêtement de zinc s'est solidifié, la matière servant de masque est éliminée. La surface qui était antérieurement recouverte par la matière servant de masque est propre et convient pour tout autre traitement qui peut être nécessaire.According to the invention, the metal is first cleaned so that its surface is suitable for receiving the zinc. The parts of the metal which are not to be galvanized are then coated with a mask material which is dried. Then, the metal is heated and immersed in the zinc and when the zinc coating has solidified, the mask material is removed. The surface which was previously covered by the mask material is clean and suitable for any other treatment which may be necessary.

Différentes matières servant de masque ont été proposées dans le passé. Une matière servant de masque de protection convenable doit cependant répondre aux exigences suivantes afin de permettre une utilisation efficace : elle doit être bon marché, facile à appliquer et présenter une bonne adhérence au substrat lors de la galvanisation tout en étant facilement éliminable après galvanisation. De plus, la matière doit résister à des températures élevées, c'est-à-dire à une température minimale d'environ 450-500°, qui est la température du zinc liquide et de préférence à une température de 900°C, en vue de protéger le métal contre l'oxydation lors de traitements thermiques ultérieurs éventuels (par exemple un revenu). La matière servant de masque ne doit également pas polluer le bain de zinc et rester exempte de zinc en vue d'éviter un entraînement trop important du zinc hors du bain de galvanisation. Finalement, il doit permettre une installation facile et bon marché de l'équipement nécessaire dans des lignes de galvanisation existantes.Various materials serving as a mask have been proposed in the past. A material serving as a suitable protective mask must however meet the following requirements in order to allow effective use: it must be inexpensive, easy to apply and have good adhesion to the substrate during galvanization while being easily removable after galvanization. In addition, the material must withstand high temperatures, that is to say a minimum temperature of about 450-500 °, which is the temperature of liquid zinc and preferably at a temperature of 900 ° C, view of protecting the metal against oxidation during possible subsequent heat treatments (for example tempering). The material serving as a mask must also not pollute the zinc bath and remain free of zinc in order to avoid excessive entrainment of the zinc out of the galvanizing bath. Finally, it must allow easy and inexpensive installation of the necessary equipment in existing galvanizing lines.

La présente invention fournit un procédé dans lequel un article de métal ferreux, de préférence une bande ou une feuille, subit un revêtement sur la surface à protéger par une suspension aqueuse de ciment, après quoi ledit article est successivement séché et chauffé à une température au-dessus du point de fusion du zinc, déplacé dans le bain de zinc fondu et subit finalement une étape de nettoyage pour éliminer le ciment.The present invention provides a process in which an article of ferrous metal, preferably a strip or sheet, is coated on the surface to be protected with an aqueous suspension of cement, after which said article is successively dried and heated to a temperature -above the zinc melting point, moved into the molten zinc bath and finally undergoes a cleaning step to remove the cement.

On entend par ciment, une matière minérale finement broyée généralement constituée d'alumine, de silice, de chaux, d'oxyde de fer et de magnésie qui ont été calcinés dans un four, qui lorsqu'elle est mélangée avec de l'eau forme une masse ou une pâte plastique qui durcit par réaction chimique, prise en gel et cristallisation. Tout type de ciment classique convient, le ciment Portland étant particulièrement adéquat par suite de sa grande disponibilité.Cement is understood to mean a finely ground mineral material generally consisting of alumina, silica, lime, iron oxide and magnesia which have been calcined in an oven, which when mixed with water forms a plastic mass or paste which hardens by chemical reaction, freezing and crystallization. Any type of conventional cement is suitable, Portland cement being particularly suitable due to its high availability.

. La granulométrie du ciment que l'on utilise sera de préférence inférieure à 74 pm et de préférence entre 0,25 pm et 75 pm.. The particle size of the cement that is used will preferably be less than 74 μm and preferably between 0.25 pm and 75 pm.

En vue de faciliter le revêtement de la matière servant de masque sur le substrat métallique, celle-ci sera préparée sous forme d'une pâte relativement fluide avec de l'eau dans laquelle différents autres additifs peuvent être ajoutés. L'addition d'acide chlorhydrique est apparue particulièrement utile. D'autres additifs tels que des agents liants destinés à promouvoir l'adhérence de matière servant de masque sur le substrat, de même que des agents de modification de viscosité, etc relèvent également de la présente invention.In order to facilitate the coating of the mask material on the metal substrate, it will be prepared in the form of a relatively fluid paste with water in which various other additives can be added. The addition of hydrochloric acid appeared to be particularly useful. Other additives such as binding agents for promoting the adhesion of mask material to the substrate, as well as viscosity modifiers, etc. are also within the scope of the present invention.

Un mélange contenant 140 ml d'eau, 140 ml d'acide chlorhydrique à 10 % et 200 g de ciment Portland est généralement recommandable, du fait qu'il adhérera facilement au substrat.A mixture containing 140 ml of water, 140 ml of 10% hydrochloric acid and 200 g of Portland cement is generally recommended, since it will adhere easily to the substrate.

L'application de la manière servant de masque peut se réaliser à l'aide d'un équipement convenable tel qu'une brosse, un rouleau ou par pulvérisation. Cette opération de revêtement s'effectue de préférence après que la matière du substrat qui doit être traitée a été préalablement décapée, de préférence à l'aide d'acide chlorhydrique et/ou dégraissée.The application as a mask can be carried out using suitable equipment such as a brush, a roller or by spraying. This coating operation is preferably carried out after the material of the substrate which is to be treated has been previously pickled, preferably using hydrochloric acid and / or degreased.

L'étape de séchage et de chauffage peut s'effectuer par n'importe quels moyens convenables tels qu'un four de chauffage fonctionnant à une température convenable.The drying and heating step can be carried out by any suitable means such as a heating oven operating at a suitable temperature.

De préférence, l'article qui doit être traité est chauffé avant son introduction dans le bain fondu de zinc à une température approchant la température du bain de zinc fondu.Preferably, the article to be treated is heated before it is introduced into the molten zinc bath to a temperature approaching the temperature of the molten zinc bath.

Après galvanisation, le produit peut être refroidi dans une atmosphère de gaz protecteur tel que l'azote.After galvanizing, the product can be cooled in an atmosphere of protective gas such as nitrogen.

L'élimination de la matière servant de masque peut s'effectuer par n'importe quelle technique mécanique ou physico-mécanique telle que soufflage d'air, brossage à sec, lavage à l'eau, avec ou sans brossage simultané.The removal of the material serving as a mask can be carried out by any mechanical or physico-mechanical technique such as air blowing, dry brushing, washing with water, with or without simultaneous brushing.

Après élimination de la matière servant de masque, l'article ayant subi une galvanisation locale peut subir une étape de rinçage final, par exemple en utilisant de l'eau froide. En vue d'éviter toute oxydation sur les parties non galvanisées de la pièce, un solvant qui est de préférence un solvant non-miscible à l'eau peut être ajouté à l'eau de rinçage.After removal of the mask material, the article having undergone local galvanization can undergo a final rinsing step, for example using cold water. In order to avoid any oxidation on the non-galvanized parts of the part, a solvent which is preferably a water-immiscible solvent can be added to the rinsing water.

Après chauffage, le ciment qui a été appliqué sur la pièce métallique, sèche et adhère convenablement au substrat, ce qui permet sa manipulation et son transport ainsi que son introduction dans le bain. L'adhérence est telle qu'en grattant le ciment à l'aide d'un outil convenable, une surface locale complémentaire peut être libérée pour une galvanisation ultérieure.After heating, the cement which has been applied to the metal part, dries and adheres properly to the substrate, which allows its handling and transport as well as its introduction into the bath. The adhesion is such that by scraping the cement using a suitable tool, a complementary local surface can be released for subsequent galvanization.

Cette technique peut être intéressante pour réaliser des corrections ou pour rendre possible la galvanisation de surfaces localisées dans un champ relativement important ayant reçu une matière servant de masque.This technique can be useful for making corrections or for making it possible to galvanize localized surfaces in a relatively large field having received a material serving as a mask.

Le procédé convient tout particulièrement pour le revêtement continu d'une bande ou d'une feuille d'acier mais n'y est pas limité.The method is particularly suitable for the continuous coating of a steel strip or sheet, but is not limited thereto.

En vue d'illustrer plus en détail l'invention, un mode d'exécution spécifique de l'invention sera décrit ci-après en référence au schéma opératoire du procédé de l'invention, représenté à la figure 1 annexee.In order to illustrate the invention in more detail, a specific embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the operating diagram of the method of the invention, shown in Figure 1 attached.

ExempleExample

Un côté d'une bande de métal qui a subi un décapage reçoit un revêtement d'une préparation contenant 140 ml d'eau, 140 ml d'acide chlorhydrique à 10 % et 200 g de ciment Portland.One side of a strip of metal which has undergone pickling receives a coating of a preparation containing 140 ml of water, 140 ml of 10% hydrochloric acid and 200 g of Portland cement.

Le revêtement est tel que le métal est recou- vert de 170 g de matière sèche par mètre carré. La feuille est ensuite chauffée à approximativement 400°C et pénètre dans un bain de zinc fondu à une température d'environ 44O-46O°C. La feuille est retirée du bain après une minute et rincée sous un courant d'eau avec brossage simultané.The coating is such that the metal is covered with 170 g of dry matter per square meter. The sheet is then heated to approximately 400 ° C and enters a bath of molten zinc at a temperature of approximately 44O-46O ° C. The sheet is removed from the bath after one minute and rinsed under a stream of water with simultaneous brushing.

La feuille de métal galvanisé présente une surface brillante sur la face qui n'a pas été galvanisée, tandis que l'autre face a reçu un revêtement uniforme d'une couche de zinc présentant la qualité habituelle que l'on observe pour la galvanisation sur deux faces.The galvanized metal sheet has a shiny surface on the side which has not been galvanized, while the other side has received a uniform coating of a layer of zinc having the usual quality which is observed for galvanizing on two sides.

Claims (10)

1. Procédé pour la galvanisation locale d'un article en métal ferreux, de préférence sous forme d'une feuille ou d'une bande caractérisé en ce que ledit article subit un revêtement sur la surface à protéger par une suspension aqueuse de ciment, après quoi ledit article est successivement séché et chauffé à une température au-dessus du point de fusion du zinc, déplacé dans le bain de zinc fondu et subit finalement une étape de nettoyage pour éliminer le ciment.1. Method for the local galvanization of a ferrous metal article, preferably in the form of a sheet or a strip, characterized in that said article undergoes a coating on the surface to be protected with an aqueous suspension of cement, after whereby said article is successively dried and heated to a temperature above the melting point of zinc, moved into the bath of molten zinc and finally undergoes a cleaning step to remove the cement. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le ciment est du ciment Portland.2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the cement is Portland cement. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que la granulométrie du ciment est inférieure à 74 um et est de préférence comprise entre 0,25 um et 74 pm.3. Method according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the particle size of the cement is less than 74 µm and is preferably between 0.25 µm and 74 µm. 4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que ladite suspension est une pâte fluide avec de l'eau contenant de l'acide chlorhydrique.4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that said suspension is a fluid paste with water containing hydrochloric acid. 5. Procédé selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que ladite suspension est un mélange contenant 140 ml d'eau, 140 ml d'acide chlorhydrique à 10 % et 200 g de ciment Portland.5. Method according to claim 4 characterized in that said suspension is a mixture containing 140 ml of water, 140 ml of 10% hydrochloric acid and 200 g of Portland cement. 6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisé en ce que l'article à traiter est chauffé avant son introduction dans le bain de zinc fondu à une température proche de la température du bain de zinc fondu.6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the article to be treated is heated before its introduction into the molten zinc bath to a temperature close to the temperature of the molten zinc bath. 7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 caractérisé en ce que, après élimination de la matière servant de masque, l'article ayant subi une galvanisation locale subit une étape de rinçage final à l'aide d'eau.7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that, after elimination of the material serving as a mask, the article having undergone local galvanization undergoes a final rinsing step using water. 8. Procédé selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce qu'un solvant, de préférence un solvant qui n'est pas miscible avec l'eau est ajouté à l'eau de rinçage.8. Method according to claim 7 characterized in that a solvent, preferably a solvent which is not miscible with water is added to the rinsing water. 9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des reven-1 à 8 caractérisé en ce qu'après chauffage, le ciment subit un grattage local à l'aide d'un outil, afin de rendre adéquate pour une galvanisation ultérieure, une surface locale complémentaire.9. Method according to any one of reven-1 to 8 characterized in that after heating, the cement undergoes local scraping using a tool, in order to make suitable for subsequent galvanization, a complementary local surface . 10. Articles, caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont obtenus par un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.10. Articles, characterized in that they are obtained by a process according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
EP79870021A 1978-09-13 1979-09-06 Process for galvanizing selected areas of a metal article and galvanized articles produced by this process Ceased EP0011058A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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BE6046604 1978-09-13
BE6046604A BE870460A (en) 1978-09-13 1978-09-13 METALLIZATION TREATMENT PROCESS AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED

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EP0011058A1 true EP0011058A1 (en) 1980-05-14

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US (1) US4264652A (en)
EP (1) EP0011058A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5538999A (en)
BE (1) BE870460A (en)
CA (1) CA1135573A (en)
ZA (1) ZA794843B (en)

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JP2002257045A (en) * 2001-03-02 2002-09-11 Toyota Industries Corp Piston type compressor
DE102010009616A1 (en) * 2010-02-27 2011-09-01 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Method of making or repairing a component and cover coating
US11077728B2 (en) 2018-04-03 2021-08-03 Sti Holdings, Inc. Tooling and method for galvanizing kingpin coupler
CN114214687A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-22 芜湖双翼液压件有限公司 Hydraulic valve rod and sectional function sectional treatment process thereof

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US3149987A (en) * 1961-12-11 1964-09-22 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of coating metals
FR1327962A (en) * 1962-04-27 1963-05-24 United States Steel Corp Method and composition for protecting steel against deposition of molten coating metal
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BE870460A (en) 1979-03-13
ZA794843B (en) 1980-09-24
CA1135573A (en) 1982-11-16
US4264652A (en) 1981-04-28
JPS5538999A (en) 1980-03-18

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