EP0010382A2 - Use of treated niobium or tantalum as a connector, such a connector and a cathodic protection system using such a connector - Google Patents
Use of treated niobium or tantalum as a connector, such a connector and a cathodic protection system using such a connector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0010382A2 EP0010382A2 EP79302109A EP79302109A EP0010382A2 EP 0010382 A2 EP0010382 A2 EP 0010382A2 EP 79302109 A EP79302109 A EP 79302109A EP 79302109 A EP79302109 A EP 79302109A EP 0010382 A2 EP0010382 A2 EP 0010382A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- niobium
- connector
- saline solution
- tantalum
- treated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 seawater Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical class FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/52—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
- H01R13/523—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases for use under water
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
Definitions
- This invention relates to the use of treated niobium or tantalum as a connector and such a . connector and has particular reference to the treatment of niobium or tantalum to improve its resistance to a previously unknown crevice corrosion attack.
- niobium is chosen as a particularly suitable material for such a connector for a number of reasons.
- the purpose of the connector is to permit a dismantlable connection to be made in an electrical line feeding positive current to an underseas anode in an impressed current cathodic protection system.
- Niobium is chosen as a particularly suitable material for such an electrical connector as it is normally recognised that niobium can be connected and operated as an anode in a saline solution, such as seawater, without corroding at anodic voltages less than approximately 100 volts.
- a saline solution such as seawater
- the anodic properties of niobium are well-known and it is well-known that niobium forms a resistant and insulating niobium oxide film at applied voltages of up to 100 volts.
- niobium ie columbium
- niobium is used in place of titanium where titanium is said to be susceptible to crevice attack.
- the specification does not draw the conclusion that pickling and anodisation of the niobium is necessary.
- niobium is itself resistant to crevice corrosion without the need for any treatment of it.
- crevice corrosion of materials is well-known for materials such as steel - see, for example, a paper published by W D France Jr in a symposium presented at the Seventy-Fourth Annual Meeting of the American Society for Testing and Materials, 27 June to 2 July 1971, published as ASTM Special Technical Publication 516, pages 164 to 196 - there was no indication that niobium was a material which could suffer such a corrosion.
- the paper goes on to say that hydrofluoric acid attacks niobium only slowly but the rate of attack can be increased if the niobium is touched with platinum. Alternatively, the rate of attack can be increased by adding nitric acid to the hydrofluoric acid. It is believed that the niobium forms complex fluorides or oxy-fluorides.
- the paper concludes by saying that the known resistance of niobium to the action of chemical agents gives rise to the conclusion that the niobium oxide which forms on the metal constitutes an effective protective oxide.
- the paper ends by stating that in. the absence of complexing substances the metal niobium is virtually non-corrodable.
- niobium or tantalum having been treated in a manner known per se by pickling to remove contamination and surface oxide films, and subsequently forming an oxide film on its surface, as a connector in a saline solution.
- the present invention also provides for the use of niobium in which the oxide is formed by anodisation in a manner known per se.
- the connector may be used when anodically polarised in the saline solution.
- the saline solution may be an aqueous saline solution and the niobium may be polarised at a voltage in the range 30-100 volts.
- the present invention further provides a niobium or tantalum member exposed, in use, to a saline solution and having been treated by pickling to remove contaminated surface oxide films and subsequently having formed on its surface an oxide film.
- the present invention further provides a cathodic protection system incorporating such a connector.
- a piece of extruded niobium was partially covered with a piece of plastics tape and was inserted in a hot saline solution and connected as an anode at 50 volts. It was found that after a short period of time white niobium oxide corrosion products were to be found adjacent the piece of plastics tape.
- Two similar pieces of niobium were then treated in the following manner.
- a first piece was treated by a method not in accordance with the present invention. It was pickled-in a solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid and then washed in water. The material was then again wrapped in tape and connected as an anode at 44 volts in a saline solution containing 250g/l NaCl at a pH of 2. Again, corrosion products were found on the surface.
- the second piece of niobium was then pickled in a hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid mixture to remove 40 microns of niobium, washed in water and subseqently anodised in an ammonium sulphate solution at 40 volts to form an anodic film on the surface of the niobium.
- third and fourth samples of extruded niobium were merely anodised in aqueous NaCl containing 20g/l and 220g/l NaCl at 40 volts and covered with plastics tape. These samples were then tested in accordance with the first-mentioned sample. This sample, again not in accordance with the present invention, was also found to corrode.
- the connectors were particularly useful for cathodic protection installations.
Landscapes
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
- Filters And Equalizers (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
The use of niobium or tantalum treated in a manner known per se by pickling and anodisation as a connector in a saline solution. Also an electrical connector formed of niobium or tantalum having been treated by pickling and oxidation.
Description
- This invention relates to the use of treated niobium or tantalum as a connector and such a . connector and has particular reference to the treatment of niobium or tantalum to improve its resistance to a previously unknown crevice corrosion attack.
- It has already been proposed to use niobium as a connector, particularly for use in a saline solution such as seawater. Such a connector is described in detail in British published Application No 2 001 807A. Niobium is chosen as a particularly suitable material for such a connector for a number of reasons. The purpose of the connector is to permit a dismantlable connection to be made in an electrical line feeding positive current to an underseas anode in an impressed current cathodic protection system.
- The electrical connector proposed in Patent Specification No 2 001 807A has a number of distinct advantages over previous electrical connectors in that it is easily dismantlable and assemblable and by comparison to previous connectors is comparatively inexpensive. Niobium is chosen as a particularly suitable material for such an electrical connector as it is normally recognised that niobium can be connected and operated as an anode in a saline solution, such as seawater, without corroding at anodic voltages less than approximately 100 volts. The anodic properties of niobium are well-known and it is well-known that niobium forms a resistant and insulating niobium oxide film at applied voltages of up to 100 volts. Above that voltage, known as the breakdown voltage, the film fails and the material corrodes rapidly. Before the present invention, however, it was considered that bulk niobium was self-passivating at voltages below the breakdown voltage. Unexpectedly, however, it was found that when connectors formed of niobium were tested they could, in certain conditions, corrode rapidly. Why this should happen was not to be found in any literature known to the applicants. An answer to the problem has now been found and basically the solution, which forms one feature of the present invention, is to pre-treat the niobium by pickling to remove contamination and surface oxide films and subsequently to form ah oxide film on the surface of the niobium.
- As a result of investigations carried out by the applicants it has been found that such a pre-treatment is known per se but has only been proposed as a method of forming a smooth surface, for example in the treatment of superconductor cavity resonators.
- Thus, in British Patent Specification No 1 335 165 there is described the treatment of the internal niobium surface of a superconducting cavity resonator by pickling in a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid and subsequently anodising the resonator surface in an aqueous ammonia solution. There is no indication, however, from this prior patent specification that the material so treated is particularly suitable for use as a connector in a saline solution or that such a material would be resistant to corrosion. It is apparent, therefore, that the inventors have discovered an unexpected property of niobium when treated in a manner known per se. The fact that the niobium is, when in use, connected as an anode and yet can suffer from corrosion, increases the novelty of the invention insofar as a pre-treatment comprising pickling and anodisation substantially prevents corrosion at a later date.
- It has also been found, as a result of work carried out by the inventors, that pickling alone is not sufficient, nor is anodisation alone sufficient. Thus, it is necessary to have the combination of steps before the beneficial effects of the invention are to be found.
- It is, of course, well-known to anodise niobium, as is described, for example, in British Patent Specification No 1 228 939 or US Patent Specification No 3 496 076, and it is also known to pickle and subsequently anodise niobium for use as a superconducting cavity resonator as is described in British Patent Specification No 1 335 165 referred to above.
- It appears that the particular problem associated with the use of niobium as a connector occurs when the niobium is located in a saline solution and is connected anodically. Thus, when niobium is inserted in a cold saline solution but is not connected as an anode it does not corrode. However, when connected as an anode, in certain circumstances it has been found that corrosion can occur. To the best of the inventors' knowledge this fact was never known prior to the making of the present invention.
- In US Patent Specification No 3 730 856 there is described a method of anodising titanium or niobium to remove surface ion contamination so as to improve the corrosion resistance of chemical plant where the metal surfaces are in contact with hydrogen. However, there is no reference to the particular advantages to be obtained from using pickled and anodised niobium as a connector in a saline environment.
- It has also been proposed - see, for example, British Patent Specification No 1 430 185, to reduce the susceptibility of titanium to crevice corrosion by abrading and pickling in hydrofluoric and nitric acid mixtures to remove ion surface contamination. However, this specification does not point out the advantages of the present treatment of niobium.
- In US Patent Specification No 3 876 136 niobium (ie columbium) is used in place of titanium where titanium is said to be susceptible to crevice attack. The specification does not draw the conclusion that pickling and anodisation of the niobium is necessary. In other words, from this specification it will be concluded that niobium is itself resistant to crevice corrosion without the need for any treatment of it.
- In US Patent Specification No 3 469 975 it is stated that the problem of containing halide solutions is complicated by the complete unpredictability of susceptibility (of materials) to crevice corrosion. This reference is to be found in column 2, lines 1 to 3, of the specification. In lines 27 to 32 there is further reference to the complete unpredictability of materials to crevice corrosion.
- Although crevice corrosion of materials is well-known for materials such as steel - see, for example, a paper published by W D France Jr in a symposium presented at the Seventy-Fourth Annual Meeting of the American Society for Testing and Materials, 27 June to 2 July 1971, published as ASTM Special Technical Publication 516, pages 164 to 196 - there was no indication that niobium was a material which could suffer such a corrosion. Furthermore, in a publication by the Centre Belge d'Etude de la Corrosion published in Brussels, June 1957, reference NZ.55 JVM.144, entitled "Electrochemical Resistance of Niobium" by-J Van Muylder, N de Zoubor and M Pourbaix it is stated that the resistance of niobium to corrosion is that of a refractory metal, unattacked in air, oxygen and water, that it is not attacked by normal acids, such as hydrochloric, sulphuric and nitric acids or their mixtures, that aqua regia has no action and that the same is true of caustic alkali solutions. Because it is so inert to reactive chemicals it is necessary to use fused caustic alkalis or alkaline carbides or their complex solutions to attack it.
- The paper goes on to say that hydrofluoric acid attacks niobium only slowly but the rate of attack can be increased if the niobium is touched with platinum. Alternatively, the rate of attack can be increased by adding nitric acid to the hydrofluoric acid. It is believed that the niobium forms complex fluorides or oxy-fluorides.
- The paper concludes by saying that the known resistance of niobium to the action of chemical agents gives rise to the conclusion that the niobium oxide which forms on the metal constitutes an effective protective oxide. The paper ends by stating that in. the absence of complexing substances the metal niobium is virtually non-corrodable.
- Thus, contrary to the prior art discussed above, it has been found that the treatment of niobium known per se can give unexpected increases in the resistance of niobium to crevice corrosion, particularly when anodically connected as an electrical connector in a saline solution.
- By the present invention there is provided the use of niobium or tantalum, having been treated in a manner known per se by pickling to remove contamination and surface oxide films, and subsequently forming an oxide film on its surface, as a connector in a saline solution. The present invention also provides for the use of niobium in which the oxide is formed by anodisation in a manner known per se. The connector may be used when anodically polarised in the saline solution. The saline solution may be an aqueous saline solution and the niobium may be polarised at a voltage in the range 30-100 volts. The present invention further provides a niobium or tantalum member exposed, in use, to a saline solution and having been treated by pickling to remove contaminated surface oxide films and subsequently having formed on its surface an oxide film.
- . The present invention further provides a cathodic protection system incorporating such a connector.
- By way off example the treatment of niobium and the advantages to be obtained thereby will be described below.
- A piece of extruded niobium was partially covered with a piece of plastics tape and was inserted in a hot saline solution and connected as an anode at 50 volts. It was found that after a short period of time white niobium oxide corrosion products were to be found adjacent the piece of plastics tape. Two similar pieces of niobium were then treated in the following manner. A first piece was treated by a method not in accordance with the present invention. It was pickled-in a solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid and then washed in water. The material was then again wrapped in tape and connected as an anode at 44 volts in a saline solution containing 250g/l NaCl at a pH of 2. Again, corrosion products were found on the surface.
- The second piece of niobium was then pickled in a hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid mixture to remove 40 microns of niobium, washed in water and subseqently anodised in an ammonium sulphate solution at 40 volts to form an anodic film on the surface of the niobium.
- This sample was then partially wrapped with a plastics tape and treated in the manner of the first sample mentioned above. This piece of niobium, which had been treated in accordance with the present invention, was found to suffer no attack whatsoever.
- By way of comparison third and fourth samples of extruded niobium were merely anodised in aqueous NaCl containing 20g/l and 220g/l NaCl at 40 volts and covered with plastics tape. These samples were then tested in accordance with the first-mentioned sample. This sample, again not in accordance with the present invention, was also found to corrode.
- It can thus be seen that the combination of pickling and forming the oxide layer - which could be formed by air oxidation of the niobium - leads to unexpected improvements in the corrosion resistance of niobium when used as a connector, particularly as an electrical connector in a saline solution, such as seawater. It will be realised that hot water was used to accelerate the effect of corrosion. Tantalum behaves in a similar manner to niobium, having a similar normal breakdown potential.
- The connectors were particularly useful for cathodic protection installations.
Claims (7)
1. Use of niobium or tantalum, having been treated in a manner known per se by pickling to remove contamination and surface oxide films and subsequently forming an oxide film on its surface, as a connector in a saline solution.
2. Use of niobium as claimed in Claim 1 in which the oxide is formed by anodisation in a manner known per se.
3. Use of niobium as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 in which the connector is anodically polarised in the saline solution.
4. Use of niobium as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3 in which the saline solution is an aqueous saline solution and in which the niobium is anodically polarised at a voltage in the region of 10 to 100 volts.
5. An electrical connector including a niobium or tantalum member exposed, in use, to a saline solution and having been treated by pickling to remove contamination and surface oxide films and subsequently forming an oxide film on its surface.
6. An electrical connector as claimed in Claim 5 in which the oxide film is formed by anodisation.
7. A cathodic protection system incorporating an electrical connector as claimed in Claim 6 or Claim 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4070878 | 1978-10-16 | ||
| GB7840708 | 1978-10-16 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0010382A2 true EP0010382A2 (en) | 1980-04-30 |
| EP0010382A3 EP0010382A3 (en) | 1980-05-14 |
| EP0010382B1 EP0010382B1 (en) | 1983-07-13 |
Family
ID=10500372
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP79302109A Expired EP0010382B1 (en) | 1978-10-16 | 1979-10-04 | Use of treated niobium or tantalum as a connector, such a connector and a cathodic protection system using such a connector |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0010382B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5554579A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5164379A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1154713A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2965863D1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO793212L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ191803A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12261386B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2025-03-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Auto-insulating concentric wet-mate electrical connector for downhole applications |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11069995B1 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-07-20 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Single self-insulating contact for wet electrical connector |
| US10985495B1 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-04-20 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | High voltage connector with wet contacts |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3378471A (en) * | 1965-06-17 | 1968-04-16 | Gen Electric | Anodized tantalum and niobium and method of forming an oxide coating thereon |
| US3502552A (en) * | 1965-11-30 | 1970-03-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for anodic oxidation of titanium and its alloys |
| DE2106628C3 (en) * | 1971-02-12 | 1974-02-14 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin U. 8000 Muenchen | Process for the surface treatment of superconducting niobium cavity resonators |
| US3730856A (en) * | 1971-02-26 | 1973-05-01 | Ici Ltd | Electrolytic preparation of valve group metal equipment for use in chemical plants |
| DE2239425C3 (en) * | 1972-08-10 | 1978-04-20 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Process for the electrolytic treatment of niobium surfaces for alternating current applications |
| ZA783792B (en) * | 1977-07-26 | 1979-07-25 | Marston Excelsior Ltd | Electrical connector |
-
1979
- 1979-10-04 EP EP79302109A patent/EP0010382B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-04 DE DE7979302109T patent/DE2965863D1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-05 NO NO793212A patent/NO793212L/en unknown
- 1979-10-09 NZ NZ191803A patent/NZ191803A/en unknown
- 1979-10-10 AU AU51643/79A patent/AU5164379A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1979-10-15 CA CA000337562A patent/CA1154713A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-15 JP JP13278179A patent/JPS5554579A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12261386B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2025-03-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Auto-insulating concentric wet-mate electrical connector for downhole applications |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1154713A (en) | 1983-10-04 |
| NZ191803A (en) | 1983-02-15 |
| AU5164379A (en) | 1980-04-24 |
| EP0010382A3 (en) | 1980-05-14 |
| EP0010382B1 (en) | 1983-07-13 |
| DE2965863D1 (en) | 1983-08-18 |
| NO793212L (en) | 1980-04-17 |
| JPS5554579A (en) | 1980-04-21 |
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