EP0010133A1 - Central hot-water heating system - Google Patents

Central hot-water heating system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0010133A1
EP0010133A1 EP79103059A EP79103059A EP0010133A1 EP 0010133 A1 EP0010133 A1 EP 0010133A1 EP 79103059 A EP79103059 A EP 79103059A EP 79103059 A EP79103059 A EP 79103059A EP 0010133 A1 EP0010133 A1 EP 0010133A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating water
control system
heating
heating system
central heating
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Ceased
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EP79103059A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dieter Joachim Leinenbach
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0010133A1 publication Critical patent/EP0010133A1/en
Priority to US06/179,524 priority Critical patent/US4358052A/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/02—Hot-water central heating systems with forced circulation, e.g. by pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F24H1/41—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes in serpentine form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot water central heating system with a boiler, which encloses a combustion chamber, and with a control system for the heating water, which is provided with the fire gases and which is provided with a cold water inlet and with an electric water outlet (inlet), in which a circulation pump is arranged.
  • the control system for the heating water is arranged on the walls of the combustion chamber, so that the fire gases rise unhindered and, at the most, exit laterally into the flue duct under a congestion on the upper control system installed on the cover side.
  • the invention has for its object to increase the efficiency of the transition between the fire gases and the water to be heated in a hot water central heating system.
  • the invention provides that the Hcizwasser control system consists of at least two superimposed floors of communicating, zigzag-shaped pipes, the parallel, straight pipe sections of which cross each other in stages, that the heating water control system largely covers the cross-section of the fire chamber fills, and that a pressure relief valve is arranged in the heating water outlet before the circulation pump.
  • Such a heating water control system represents a flow resistance for the fire gases, by means of which the speed of the fire gases is reduced and a heat transfer by convection, ie by direct exposure of the fire system to the control system, is increased.
  • a backwash also be adjusted gas flap an adequate speed of the flue gases without danger.
  • the pressure relief valve in the heating water outlet in front of the circulation pump prevents the formation of steam within the heating water control system of the boiler in the event that the heat supply is greater than the requested heat output due to a fault in the thermostat-controlled control.
  • the pressure relief valve also makes it possible that the system bezw without overflow. does not need a surge tank.
  • the heating water heating system according to the invention becomes particularly compact and effective if the pipeline levels are close to one another when the pipes touch each other at the crossing points, and are optionally soldered to one another.
  • the control system then represents an easy-to-use and installable unit, just as a direct heat flow can take place within the material of the pipelines to the upper floors, which prevents overheating of the lower floors of the control system.
  • the size of the passage opening den between the intersecting parallel pipe sections depends on the distance between these pipe sections. Since, at narrow distances, relatively sharp pipe bends are required between the straight pipe sections, which oppose the heating water with a considerable flow resistance, the invention provides that the parallel straight pipe sections of each floor are offset from one another in two height levels and the bends between the ge straight pipe sections are inclined at an acute angle to the horizontal. In this way, the straight pipe sections are given a small distance in the vertical projection, ie transverse to the upward flow of the fire gases, whereas the bends between the straight pipe sections can be given a larger radius.
  • Such a heating water control system can also be constructed in several floors according to the invention.
  • Oil-fired central heating boilers usually work with a burner with a nozzle, which is only switched on intermittently by a thermostat-controlled control.
  • the high flow resistance that in accordance with the invention provides an instantaneous heating control system, and increase the heat efficiency of the F ire gases let it now, the boiler is arranged with a pot-like with oil stoves known burners with a eiz- in H water-flow thermostats continuously regulated oil supply to provide.
  • Such continuous controls for oil stoves are known per se (DE-PS 19 04 539), but the thermostat is arranged in the convection space of the stove.
  • the heating water control system with a high flow resistance to the fire gases leads to such a reduction in the exhaust gas temperature that the minimum exhaust gas temperatures prescribed by the authorities can be fallen below.
  • These prescribed minimum temperatures apply to flue gas chimneys of conventional design, for example for masonry chimneys or chimneys made of artificial stone.
  • a relatively high flue gas temperature has been set and prescribed due to poor efficiency of the heat transfer within the heating boiler in order to counteract the destruction of the chimney by condensation which condenses down.
  • due to the worldwide increase in the cost of heating fuels it appears primarily that the heat content of the fuel should be optimally used.
  • the invention also consists in that the exhaust gas fireplace of the heating system according to the invention is provided with a corrosion-resistant lining, for example wise with an inside enamelled tube.
  • the investment costs for this are bearable at high fuel costs, since exhaust gas temperatures of far less than 373 K can be achieved by the invention.
  • the central heating system consists of a boiler 1, which encloses a combustion chamber 2, in which the fire gases rising from a pot-like oil burner 3 flow through a hot water control system 4.
  • the control system 4 has a cold water inlet 5 and a heating water outlet 6, which is also referred to as a "flow".
  • a flue gas flap 7 is arranged, to which an exhaust gas duct 8 is connected. This leads into an exhaust gas chimney 9.
  • a pressure relief valve 11 with an outlet 13 going into a collecting container 12 is arranged in front of a circulation pump 10. This valve blows off when the pressure in the control system 4 exceeds a predetermined maximum value, for example due to the formation of steam.
  • the heating water outlet 6 there is an adjustable thermostat 14 which monitors the temperature of the heating water.
  • the water circuit is indicated by arrows in FIG.
  • the pot-like oil burner 3 is continuously supplied with heating oil from the oil tank 15 via a suction pump 16.
  • the quantity control takes place via a controller 17 in accordance with the desired heating water temperature set on the thermostat 14, which is represented by the signal line 18.
  • Such a modulated quantity control for heating oil is known in room oil stoves and need not be described in detail.
  • the heating water-control system 4 is composed in the embodiment according F Ig.1 and 2, etc., 22 of a plurality of superimposed floors A, B, C, D of communicating with each other, are zigzag-bent tubes in Fig.1 only four pipes days are shown, the total height of the guidance system 4 is indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • the control system is thus a compact package of intersecting, close-lying tubes and is supported as such on supports 23 above the burner 3 and can be easily removed upwards for cleaning when the lid
  • the heating water control system 4 fills almost the entire cross section of the combustion chamber 2. In cross section, the control system 4 is larger than the diameter of the burner 3, so that the fire gases rise essentially through the through openings 25 formed by the crossing tubes.
  • the pipeline levels A , B, C, D, etc. are laid close to one another with contact at the crossing points of the pipes.
  • a heating water control system 4 exposes it the burner 3 rising fire gases against a considerable flow resistance, so that the heat transfer between the fire gases and from bottom to top takes place exclusively via the pipes 22 communicating with each other essentially by convection. In this way, such a low exhaust gas temperature can be set that a conventional exhaust gas fireplace would be affected by condensation.
  • the exhaust pipe 8 leads into an exhaust chimney 9 which is lined with a pipe 30 enamelled on the inside. This enamelled pipe is corrosion-resistant against condensation.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The flow resistance of a control system 4 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 cannot be increased arbitrarily by closer spacing of the straight pipe sections, because then the pipe bends would have to be made with a relatively small radius.
  • the exemplary embodiment of a guidance system according to FIGS. 3 and 4 was created. After this, the tubes 32 are still bent in a zigzag shape, but in such a way that the parallel, straight tube sections 32a are offset from one another in two height planes and the bends 32b between the straight tube sections 32a are inclined at an acute angle to the horizontal. Analogously to FIG. 4, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows two pipe levels connected via a riser 33, each of which can be addressed as a pipe level despite the series of straight pipe sections 32a arranged in two different horizontal planes.
  • the control system has a cold water inlet 5 and a heating water outlet 6. It should be noted that in FIG. 3 the straight tube sections 32a of the lower level run at right angles to those of the upper level, that is to say they intersect.

Abstract

A central hot-water heating system with a pipe system (4), flowed through by water, which is made of interconnecting pipes (A, B, C, D) which intersect in tiers and which to a great extent fills in cross-section the firebox (2) of a boiler (1) and sets great flow resistance against the fire gases in order to reduce the exhaust gas temperature. A pressure-limiting valve (11) before the circulating pump (10) protects the heating-water conduction system (4) against too high a pressure caused by steam formation. As a result of the low exhaust gas temperature which can be reached, a corrosion-resistant lining of the exhaust flue (9) by means of an internally enamelled pipe (30) is recommended. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Warmwasser-Zentralheizungsanlage mit einem Kessel, der einen Feuerraum umschließt, und mit einem von den Feuergasen beaMiächlagten Leitsystem für das Heizwasser, das mit einem Kaltwasser-Zulauf und mit einem IIeizwasser-Ablauf (Vorlauf) versehen ist, in dem eine Umwälzpumpe angeordnet ist. Normalerweise ist das Leitsystem für das Heizwasser an den Wandungen des Feuerraumes angeordnet, sodaß die Feuergase ungehindert hochsteigen und höchsten unter einem Stau an dem oberen, deckelseitig verlegten Leitsystem seitlich in den Abzugskanal austxreten. Durch Drosseln des Abzugsquerschnittes mittels einer Rauchgasklappe kann man zwar die Geschwindigkeit der Rauchgase drosseln, jedoch gerade dann, wenn höchste Heizleistung gefordert und die Klappe voll geöffnet ist, ist die Wärmeausnutzung der Feuergase schlecht, da sie ihre Wärme überwiegend durch Strahlung und nur zum geringen Teil durch Kon- vektion abgeben.The invention relates to a hot water central heating system with a boiler, which encloses a combustion chamber, and with a control system for the heating water, which is provided with the fire gases and which is provided with a cold water inlet and with an electric water outlet (inlet), in which a circulation pump is arranged. Normally, the control system for the heating water is arranged on the walls of the combustion chamber, so that the fire gases rise unhindered and, at the most, exit laterally into the flue duct under a congestion on the upper control system installed on the cover side. By throttling the exhaust cross-section using a flue gas flap, the speed of the flue gases can be throttled, but especially when the highest heating output is required and the flap is fully open, the heat utilization of the flue gases is poor, since they heat their heat mainly through radiation and only to a small extent Make vection by K on-.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Wirkungsgrad des Überganges zwischen den Feuergasen und dem zu erwärmenden Wasser bei einer Warmwasser-Zentralheizungsanlage zu erhöhen. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung vor, daß das Hcizwasser-Leitsystem aus mindestens zwei übereinanderliegenden Etagen von miteinander kommunizierenden, zickzackförmig gebogenen Rohren besteht, deren zueinander parallele, gerade Rohrabschnitte sich etagenweise kreuzen, daß das Heizwasser-Leitsystem den Querschnitt des Feucrraumes zum größten Teil ausfüllt, und daß im Heizwasser-Ablauf vor der Umwälzpumpe ein Druckbegrenzungsventil angeordnet ist. Ein derartiges Heizwasser-Leitsystem stellt für die Feuergase einen Strömungswiderstand dar, durch den die Geschwindigkeit der Feuergase herabgesetzt und ein Wärmeübergang durch Konvektion, d.h. durch direkte Beaufschlagung des Leitsystems mit den Feuergasen, erhöht wird. Je nach Wahl der Rohrabstände innerhalb einer Rohrleitungsetage und den hiervon bestimmten Durchtrittsöffnungen für die Feuergase sowie je nach Anzahl der übereinanderliegenden Rohretagen kann im Zusammenwirken mit der Rauchgasklappe eine angemessene Geschwindigkeit der Feuergase ohne Gefahr eines Rückstaues eingestellt werden. Das Druckbegrenzungsventil im Heizwasser-Ablauf vor der Umwälzpumpe verhinert Dampfbildung innerhalb des Heizwasser-Leitsystems des Kessels für den Fall, daß durch einen Fehler in der thermostatgesteuerten Regelung die Wärmezufuhr größer ist als die angeforderte Wärmeleistung. Das Druckbegrenzungsventil ermöglicht es insoweit auch, daß die Anlage ohne Überlauf bezw. ohne Druckausgleichsbehälter auskommt.The invention has for its object to increase the efficiency of the transition between the fire gases and the water to be heated in a hot water central heating system. To achieve this object, the invention provides that the Hcizwasser control system consists of at least two superimposed floors of communicating, zigzag-shaped pipes, the parallel, straight pipe sections of which cross each other in stages, that the heating water control system largely covers the cross-section of the fire chamber fills, and that a pressure relief valve is arranged in the heating water outlet before the circulation pump. Such a heating water control system represents a flow resistance for the fire gases, by means of which the speed of the fire gases is reduced and a heat transfer by convection, ie by direct exposure of the fire system to the control system, is increased. Depending on the choice of tube spacing within a pipeline floor and therefrom certain passage openings for the flue gases and, depending on the number of superimposed tubes days can, in cooperation with the R a backwash also be adjusted gas flap an adequate speed of the flue gases without danger. The pressure relief valve in the heating water outlet in front of the circulation pump prevents the formation of steam within the heating water control system of the boiler in the event that the heat supply is greater than the requested heat output due to a fault in the thermostat-controlled control. The pressure relief valve also makes it possible that the system bezw without overflow. does not need a surge tank.

)Das Heizwasser-Leizsystem gemäß der Erfindung wird besonders kompakt und wirkungsvoll, wenn die Rohrleitungs-Etagen unter Berührung der Rohre an den Kreuzungsstellen dicht aufeinander liegen, gegebenenfalls miteinander verlötet sind. Das Leitsystem stellt dann eine leicht zu handhabende und einzubauende ;Einheit dar, wie auch über die Berührungsstellen ein direkter Wärmefluß innerhalb des Materials der Rohrleitungen zu den oberen Etagen erfolgen kann, wodurch eine Überhitzung der unteren Etagen des Leitsystems verhindert wird.) The heating water heating system according to the invention becomes particularly compact and effective if the pipeline levels are close to one another when the pipes touch each other at the crossing points, and are optionally soldered to one another. The control system then represents an easy-to-use and installable unit, just as a direct heat flow can take place within the material of the pipelines to the upper floors, which prevents overheating of the lower floors of the control system.

Wie bereits ausgeführt, hängt die Größe der Durchtrittsöffnung-Den zwischen den sich kreuzenden parallelen Rohrabschnittenvon dem Abstand dieser Rohrabschnitte voneinander ab. Da bei engen Abständen verhältnismässig scharfe Rohrbögen zwischen den gerade verlaufenden Rohrabschnitte erforderlich sind, die dem Heizwasser einen beträchlichen Strömungswiderstand entgegensetzen, sieht die Erfindung vor, daß die zueinander parallelen geraden Rohrabschnitte einer jeden Etage in zwei Höhenebenen versetzt zueinander verlaufen und die Bögen zwischen den geraden Rohrabschnitten unter einem spitzen Winkel zur Horizontalen geneigt verlaufen. Auf diese Weise erhalten die geraden Rohrabschnitte in der senkrechten Projektion, d.h. quer zur aufwärtsgehenden Strömung der Feuergase, einen kleinen Abstand, wohingegen den Bögen zwischen den geraden Rohrabschnitten ein größerer Radius gegeben werden kann. Auch ein solches Heizwasser-Leitsystem kann erfindungsgemäß in mehreren Etagen aufgebaut werden.As already stated, the size of the passage opening den between the intersecting parallel pipe sections depends on the distance between these pipe sections. Since, at narrow distances, relatively sharp pipe bends are required between the straight pipe sections, which oppose the heating water with a considerable flow resistance, the invention provides that the parallel straight pipe sections of each floor are offset from one another in two height levels and the bends between the ge straight pipe sections are inclined at an acute angle to the horizontal. In this way, the straight pipe sections are given a small distance in the vertical projection, ie transverse to the upward flow of the fire gases, whereas the bends between the straight pipe sections can be given a larger radius. Such a heating water control system can also be constructed in several floors according to the invention.

ölbefeuerte Zentralheizungskessel arbeiten normalerweise mit einem Brenner mit Düse, der durch eine thermostatgesteuerte Regelung nur intermittierend eingeschaltet wird. Der hohe Strömungswiderstand, den ein Heizwasser-Leitsystem gemäß der Erfindung bietet, sowie die gesteigerte Wärmeausnutzung der Feuergase lassen es nunmehr zu, den Heizkessel mit einem bei ölöfen bekannten topfartigen Brenner mit über einen im Heiz- wasser-Ablauf angeordneten Thermostaten kontinuierlich geregeltem ölzulauf zu versehen. Derartige kontinuierliche Regelungen für Öl-Zimmeröfen sind an sich bekannt (DE-PS 19 04 539), wobei jedoch der Thermostat im Konvektionsraum des Ofens angeordnet ist.Oil-fired central heating boilers usually work with a burner with a nozzle, which is only switched on intermittently by a thermostat-controlled control. The high flow resistance that in accordance with the invention provides an instantaneous heating control system, and increase the heat efficiency of the F ire gases let it now, the boiler is arranged with a pot-like with oil stoves known burners with a eiz- in H water-flow thermostats continuously regulated oil supply to provide. Such continuous controls for oil stoves are known per se (DE-PS 19 04 539), but the thermostat is arranged in the convection space of the stove.

Das Heizwasser-Leitsystem mit hohem Strömungswiderstand gegenüber den Feuergasen führt zu einer derartigen Senkung der Abgastemperatur, daß die behördlich vorgeschriebenen Mindest-Abgastemperaturen unterschritten werden können. Diese vorgeschrieben Mindesttemperaturen gelten für Abgaskamine konventioneller Bauart, z.B. für gemauerte oder aus Kunststein zusammengesetzte Kamine. Es wurde daher bisher notgedrungen durch einen schlechten Wirkungsgrad des Wärmeüberganges innerhalb des Heizungskessels eine relativ hohe Abgastemperatur eingestellt und vorgeschrieben, um einer Zerstörung des Kamins durch sich niederschlagendes Kondenswasser zu begegnen. Aufgrund der weltweiten Verteuerung der Heiz-Brennstoffe jedoch erscheint es vorrangig, in erster Linie den Wärmeinhalt des Brennstoffes optimal auszunutzen. Die Erfindung besteht aus dieser Sicht auch darin, daß der Abgaskamin der Heizungsanlage gemäß der Erfindung mit einer korrosionsbeständigen Auskleidung versehen wird, beispielsweise mit einem innen emaillierten Rohr. Die Investitionskosten hierfür sind bei hohen Brennstoffkosten tragbar, da durch die Erfindung Abgastemperaturen von weitaus weniger als 373 K erreicht werden können.The heating water control system with a high flow resistance to the fire gases leads to such a reduction in the exhaust gas temperature that the minimum exhaust gas temperatures prescribed by the authorities can be fallen below. These prescribed minimum temperatures apply to flue gas chimneys of conventional design, for example for masonry chimneys or chimneys made of artificial stone. Up to now, therefore, a relatively high flue gas temperature has been set and prescribed due to poor efficiency of the heat transfer within the heating boiler in order to counteract the destruction of the chimney by condensation which condenses down. However, due to the worldwide increase in the cost of heating fuels, it appears primarily that the heat content of the fuel should be optimally used. From this point of view, the invention also consists in that the exhaust gas fireplace of the heating system according to the invention is provided with a corrosion-resistant lining, for example wise with an inside enamelled tube. The investment costs for this are bearable at high fuel costs, since exhaust gas temperatures of far less than 373 K can be achieved by the invention.

In der Zeichnung sind zwei Ausführungsbeispiele_einer Warmwasser-Zentralheizungsanlage gemäß der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigen

  • Fig.1 eine schematische Darstellung der Anlage mit einem ölbefeuerten Heizungskessel,
  • Fig.2 eine Draufsicht auf ein Heizwasser-Leitsystem mit sich kreuzenden, dicht aufeinanderliegenden Rohrleitungsetagen, und
  • Fig.3 mit 4 ein abgewandeltes Leitsystem.
The drawing shows two exemplary embodiments of a hot water central heating system according to the invention. Show it
  • 1 shows a schematic representation of the system with an oil-fired heating boiler,
  • 2 shows a plan view of a heating water control system with intersecting, closely lying pipeline levels, and
  • 3 with 4 a modified control system.

Die Zentralheizungsanlage besteht aus einem Kessel 1, der einen Feuerraum 2 umschließt, in dem die aus einem topfartigen ölbrenner 3 aufsteigenden Feuergase ein Warmwasser-Leitsystem 4 durchströmen. Das Leitsystem 4 hat einen Kaltwasser Zulauf 5 und einen Heizwasser-Ablauf 6, der auch als "Vorlauf" bezeichnet wird. In dem oberen Bereich des Kessels 1 ist eine Rauchgasklappe 7 angeordnet, an die sich ein Abgaskanal 8 anschließt. Dieser führt in einen Abgaskamin 9. Im Heizwasser-Ablauf 6 ist vor einer Umwälzpumpe 10 ein Druckbegrenzungsventil 11 mit einem in einen Auffangbehälter 12 gehenden Abfluß 13 angeordnet. Dieses Ventil bläst ab, wenn der Druck im Leitsystem 4 beispielweise durch Dampfbildung einen vorgegebenen Höchstwert überschreitet. Ferner liegt in dem Heizwasser-Ablauf 6 ein die Temperatur des Heizwassers überwachender einstellbarer Thermostat 14. Der Wasser-Kreislauf ist in Fig.1 durch Pfeile angedeutet. Der topfartige ölbrenner 3 wird aus dem ölbehälter 15 über eine Saugpumpe 16 kontinuierlich mit Heizöl versorgt. Die Mengenregelung erfolgt über einen Regler 17 entsprechend der am Thermostaten 14 eingestellten, gewünschten Heizwassertemperatur, was durch die Signalleitung 18 dargestellt ist. Eine derartige modulierte Mengenregelung für Heizöl ist bei Zimmer-Ölöfen bekannt und braucht nicht im Einzelnen beschrieben zu werden.The central heating system consists of a boiler 1, which encloses a combustion chamber 2, in which the fire gases rising from a pot-like oil burner 3 flow through a hot water control system 4. The control system 4 has a cold water inlet 5 and a heating water outlet 6, which is also referred to as a "flow". In the upper region of the boiler 1, a flue gas flap 7 is arranged, to which an exhaust gas duct 8 is connected. This leads into an exhaust gas chimney 9. In the heating water outlet 6, a pressure relief valve 11 with an outlet 13 going into a collecting container 12 is arranged in front of a circulation pump 10. This valve blows off when the pressure in the control system 4 exceeds a predetermined maximum value, for example due to the formation of steam. Furthermore, in the heating water outlet 6 there is an adjustable thermostat 14 which monitors the temperature of the heating water. The water circuit is indicated by arrows in FIG. The pot-like oil burner 3 is continuously supplied with heating oil from the oil tank 15 via a suction pump 16. The quantity control takes place via a controller 17 in accordance with the desired heating water temperature set on the thermostat 14, which is represented by the signal line 18. Such a modulated quantity control for heating oil is known in room oil stoves and need not be described in detail.

Zwischen der Saugpumpe 16 und dem Regler 17 ist ein Zweiwegeventil 19 angeordnet, dessen Elektromagnet 19a über die Steuerleitung 20 nur dann erregt wird, wenn die Umwälzpumpe 10 in Betrieb ist. Bei Stromausfall'schaltet das Zweiwegeventil 19 unter der Kraft der Feder 19b automatisch um und sperrt die Ölleitung 21 ab.There is a two-way between the suction pump 16 and the controller 17 Valve 19 arranged, the electromagnet 19a is excited via the control line 20 only when the circulation pump 10 is in operation. In the event of a power failure, the two-way valve 19 automatically switches under the force of the spring 19b and shuts off the oil line 21.

Das Heizwasser-Leitsystem 4 besteht im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.1 und 2 aus einer Mehrzahl von übereinanderliegenden Etagen A, B, C, D usw. von miteinander kommunizierenden, zickzackförmig gebogenen Rohren 22. In Fig.1 sind nur vier Rohretagen dargestellt, wobei die Gesamthöhe des Leitsystems 4 durch strichpinktierte Linien angedeutet ist. Das Leitsystem ist somit ein kompaktes Paket von sich kreuzenden, dicht aufeinanderliegenden Rohren und ist als solches auf Stützen 23 oberhalb des Brenners 3 abgestützt und kann zur Reinigung leicht nach oben ausgebaut werden, wenn der DeckelThe heating water-control system 4 is composed in the embodiment according F Ig.1 and 2, etc., 22 of a plurality of superimposed floors A, B, C, D of communicating with each other, are zigzag-bent tubes in Fig.1 only four pipes days are shown, the total height of the guidance system 4 is indicated by dash-dotted lines. The control system is thus a compact package of intersecting, close-lying tubes and is supported as such on supports 23 above the burner 3 and can be easily removed upwards for cleaning when the lid

24 des Kessels 1 abgenommen wird. Man erkennt aus Fig.1, daß das Heizwasser-Leitsystem 4 nahezu den gesamten Querschnitt des Feuerraumes 2 ausfüllt. Im Querschnitt ist das Leitsystem 4 größer als der Durchmesser des Brenners 3, sodaß die Feuergase im wesentlichen durch die von den sich kreuzenden Rohren gebildeten Durchtrittsöffnungen 25 aufsteigen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.1 sind die Rohrleitungs-Etagen A,B,C,D usw. unter Berührung an den Kreuzungsstellen der Rohre dicht aufeinanderliegend verlegt.24 of the boiler 1 is removed. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the heating water control system 4 fills almost the entire cross section of the combustion chamber 2. In cross section, the control system 4 is larger than the diameter of the burner 3, so that the fire gases rise essentially through the through openings 25 formed by the crossing tubes. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the pipeline levels A , B, C, D, etc. are laid close to one another with contact at the crossing points of the pipes.

In Fig.2 erkennt man an gegenüberliegenden Ecken des im Querschnitt etwa quadratischen Leitsystems 4 zwei über 270° gehende Rohrbogen 26 und 27. Diese Rohrbögen stellen jeweils den Anschluß einer Rohrleitungs-Etage an die nächsthöhere Etage dar, die - wie aus Fig.1 ersichtlich ist - bei diesem "Etagenwechsel" leicht schräng aufwärts verlaufen,Der Rohrbogen 26 ist durch eine Linie 28 unterteilt, was bedeutet, daß dieser Rohrbogen sowohl den Zulauf einer unteren Etage C aus der darunter befindlichen Etage B als auch den Ablauf der darüberliegenden Etage D zur nächsthöheren Etage darstellt. Der Bogen 27 ist nur Übergang aus der Etage C in die nächsthöhere Etage D.In FIG. 2, at opposite corners of the control system 4, which is approximately square in cross-section, two pipe elbows 26 and 27 extending over 270 ° can be seen is - with this "change of floor" slightly inclined upward, the pipe bend 26 is divided by a line 28, which means that this pipe bend both the inflow of a lower floor C from floor B below and the outlet of floor D above represents the next higher floor. The arch 27 is only a transition from floor C to the next higher floor D.

Ein Heizwasser-Leitsystem 4 nach Fig.1 und 2 setzt den aus dem Brenner 3 hochsteigenden Feuergasen einen erheblichen Strömungswiderstand entgegen, sodaß der Wärmeübergang zwischen den Feuergasen und dem von unten nach oben ausschließlich über die etagenweise miteinander kommunizierenden Rohre 22 im wesentlichen durch Konvektion erfolgt. Hierdurch kann eine derartig niedrige Abgastemperatur eingestellt werden, daß ein konventioneller Abgaskamin durch Kondenswasser in Mitleidenschaft gezogen würde. Um dem abzuhelfen, führt das Abgasrohr 8 in einen Abgaskamin 9, der mit einem innen emaillierten Rohr 30 ausgekleidet ist. Dieses emaillierte Rohr ist gegen Kondenswasser korrosionsbeständig.A heating water control system 4 according to Fig.1 and 2 exposes it the burner 3 rising fire gases against a considerable flow resistance, so that the heat transfer between the fire gases and from bottom to top takes place exclusively via the pipes 22 communicating with each other essentially by convection. In this way, such a low exhaust gas temperature can be set that a conventional exhaust gas fireplace would be affected by condensation. To remedy this, the exhaust pipe 8 leads into an exhaust chimney 9 which is lined with a pipe 30 enamelled on the inside. This enamelled pipe is corrosion-resistant against condensation.

Der Strömungswiderstand eines Leitsystems 4 nach Fig.1 und 2 lässt sich durch engere Abstände der geraden Rohrabschnitte deswegen nicht beliebig steigern, weil dann die Rohrbögen mit relativ kleinem Radius ausgeführt werden müssten. Um diesen Bögen einen größeren Radius geben zu können, wurde das Ausführungsbeispiel eines Leitsystems nach Fig.3 und 4 geschaffen. Hiernach sind die Rohre 32 nach wie vor zickzackförmig gebogen, jedoch derart, daß die zueinander parallelen, geraden Rohrabschnitte 32a in zwei Höhenebenen versetzt zueinander und die Bögen 32b zwischen den geraden Rohrabschnitten 32a unter einem spitzen Winkel zur Horizontalen geneigt verlaufen. In Fig.3 sind analog zu Fig.4 zwei über eine Steigleitung 33 verbundene Rohrleitungs-Etagen dargestellt, von denen jede trotz der in zwei verschiedenen Horizontalebenen angeordneten Serien von geraden Rohrabschnitten 32a als Rohrleitungs-Etage angesprochen werden kann. Das Leitsystem hat einen Kaltwasser-Zulauf 5 und einen Heizwasser-Ablauf 6 . Zu bemerken ist, daß in Fig.3 die geraden Rohrabschnitte 32a der unteren Etage rechtwinkelig zu denjenigen der oberen Etage verlaufen, also sich kreuzend.The flow resistance of a control system 4 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 cannot be increased arbitrarily by closer spacing of the straight pipe sections, because then the pipe bends would have to be made with a relatively small radius. In order to be able to give these arches a larger radius, the exemplary embodiment of a guidance system according to FIGS. 3 and 4 was created. After this, the tubes 32 are still bent in a zigzag shape, but in such a way that the parallel, straight tube sections 32a are offset from one another in two height planes and the bends 32b between the straight tube sections 32a are inclined at an acute angle to the horizontal. Analogously to FIG. 4, FIG. 3 shows two pipe levels connected via a riser 33, each of which can be addressed as a pipe level despite the series of straight pipe sections 32a arranged in two different horizontal planes. The control system has a cold water inlet 5 and a heating water outlet 6. It should be noted that in FIG. 3 the straight tube sections 32a of the lower level run at right angles to those of the upper level, that is to say they intersect.

Claims (6)

1. Warmwasser-Zentralheizungsanlage mit einem Kessel, der einen Feuerraum umschließt, und mit einem von den Feuergasen beaufschlagten Leitsystem für das Heizwasser, das mit einem Kaltwasser-Zulauf und mit einem Heizwasser-Ablauf (Vorlauf) versehen ist, in dem eine Umwälzpumpe angeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Heizwasser-Leitsystem (4) aus mindestens zwei übereinanderliegenden Etagen (A,B,C,D) von miteinander kommunizierenden zickzackförmig gebogenen Rohren (22,160) besteht, dessen zueinander parallele, gerade Rohrabschnitte sich etagenweise kreuzen,
daß das Heizwasser-Leitsystem den Querschnitt des Feuerraums (2) zum größten Teil ausfüllt,
und daß im Heizwasser-Ablauf (6) vor der Umwältpumpe (10) ein Druckbegrenzungsventil (11) angeordnet ist. 1st Hot water central heating system with a boiler that encloses a combustion chamber and with a control system for the heating water that is exposed to the fire gases, which is provided with a cold water inlet and with a heating water outlet (flow), in which a circulation pump is arranged,
characterized in that the heating water control system (4) consists of at least two superposed floors (A, B, C, D) of communicating zigzag-shaped pipes (22, 160), the parallel, straight pipe sections of which intersect in layers,
that the heating water control system largely fills the cross-section of the combustion chamber (2),
and that a pressure relief valve (11) is arranged in the heating water outlet (6) upstream of the circulation pump (10). 2. Zentralheizungsanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohrleitungs-Etagen (A,B,C,D) unter Berührung an den Kreuzungsstellen der Rohre dicht aufeinanderliegen.2. Central heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipeline floors (A, B, C, D) lie close to one another with contact at the crossing points of the pipes. 3. Zentralheizungsanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zueinander parallelen Rohrabschnitte (32a) einer jeden Etage in zwei Höhenebenen versetzt zueinander verlaufen und die Bögen (32b) zwischen den geraden Rohrabschnitten unter einem spitzen Winkel zur Horizontalen geneigt verlaufen (Fig.3 und 4).3. Z entralheizungsanlage according to claim 1, characterized in that the mutually parallel tube sections (3 2a) of each floor in two height levels are added to each other and the sheets (32b) between the straight pipe sections at an acute angle to the horizontal are inclined (Fig. 3 and 4). 4. Zentralheizungsanlage nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, für ölfeuerung, gekennzeichnet durch einen bei Ölöfen bekannten topfartigen Brenner (3) mit über einen im Heizwasser-Ablauf (6) angeordneten Thermostaten (14) kontinuierlich geregeltem Ölzulauf.4. Central heating system according to one or more of the preceding claims, for oil firing, characterized by a pot-like burner (3) known from oil stoves with a continuously regulated oil supply via a thermostat (14) arranged in the heating water outlet (6). 5. Zentralheizungsanlage nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abgaskamin (8) mit einer korrosionsbestängigen Auskleidung (30) versehen ist.5. Central heating system according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust gas fireplace (8) is provided with a corrosion-resistant lining (30). 6. Zentralheizungsanlage nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auskleidung aus einem innen emaillierten Rohr (30) besteht.6. Central heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that the lining consists of an internally enamelled tube (30).
EP79103059A 1978-10-16 1979-08-21 Central hot-water heating system Ceased EP0010133A1 (en)

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US06/179,524 US4358052A (en) 1979-08-21 1980-08-19 Hot-water central heating system

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US95132678A 1978-10-16 1978-10-16
US951326 1978-10-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1984004956A1 (en) * 1983-06-07 1984-12-20 Dieter Joachim Leinenbach Low temperature heating boilers for central heating, with continuously regulated fuel supply

Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK85995C (en) * 1954-07-30 1958-08-04 Harald Nielsen Water pipe boiler.
DE1922389A1 (en) * 1968-05-02 1969-11-13 Schiedel Kamin Betonwerk Multi-layered prefabricated chimney component - with moisture diffusion insulating layer between inside pipe and sheath interior
DE1940585A1 (en) * 1968-08-16 1970-08-27 Laurenz Otte & Co Kg Kesselbau Device for heating liquids
DE1904539C3 (en) * 1969-01-30 1972-10-26 Jega Friedrichsthaler Eisen Control for oil-fired heaters
FR2284098A1 (en) * 1974-09-04 1976-04-02 Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng HEAT TRANSFER TUBES DEVICE IN A HEATING OVEN
DE7809597U1 (en) * 1978-03-31 1978-09-14 Hitzler, Hans, 8263 Burghausen DEVICE FOR THE USE OF WASTE HEAT IN BOILER HEATING
FR2389842A1 (en) * 1977-05-02 1978-12-01 Coquet Pierre Hot water central heating boiler - has two heating coils with timed changeover valves regulating flow
FR2411373A1 (en) * 1977-12-08 1979-07-06 Sirie Jean Continuously fired domestic boiler - consists of refractory bricks in corrugated sheet metal cladding with flue formed as copper coil
DE2801361A1 (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-07-19 Dieter Joachim Leinenbach Hot water boiler with flue gas ducts - has stacked hot water pipe layers in hot flue gas stream

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK85995C (en) * 1954-07-30 1958-08-04 Harald Nielsen Water pipe boiler.
DE1922389A1 (en) * 1968-05-02 1969-11-13 Schiedel Kamin Betonwerk Multi-layered prefabricated chimney component - with moisture diffusion insulating layer between inside pipe and sheath interior
DE1940585A1 (en) * 1968-08-16 1970-08-27 Laurenz Otte & Co Kg Kesselbau Device for heating liquids
DE1904539C3 (en) * 1969-01-30 1972-10-26 Jega Friedrichsthaler Eisen Control for oil-fired heaters
FR2284098A1 (en) * 1974-09-04 1976-04-02 Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng HEAT TRANSFER TUBES DEVICE IN A HEATING OVEN
FR2389842A1 (en) * 1977-05-02 1978-12-01 Coquet Pierre Hot water central heating boiler - has two heating coils with timed changeover valves regulating flow
FR2411373A1 (en) * 1977-12-08 1979-07-06 Sirie Jean Continuously fired domestic boiler - consists of refractory bricks in corrugated sheet metal cladding with flue formed as copper coil
DE2801361A1 (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-07-19 Dieter Joachim Leinenbach Hot water boiler with flue gas ducts - has stacked hot water pipe layers in hot flue gas stream
DE7809597U1 (en) * 1978-03-31 1978-09-14 Hitzler, Hans, 8263 Burghausen DEVICE FOR THE USE OF WASTE HEAT IN BOILER HEATING

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1984004956A1 (en) * 1983-06-07 1984-12-20 Dieter Joachim Leinenbach Low temperature heating boilers for central heating, with continuously regulated fuel supply

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