EP0009576B1 - Raisable island - Google Patents

Raisable island Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0009576B1
EP0009576B1 EP79102892A EP79102892A EP0009576B1 EP 0009576 B1 EP0009576 B1 EP 0009576B1 EP 79102892 A EP79102892 A EP 79102892A EP 79102892 A EP79102892 A EP 79102892A EP 0009576 B1 EP0009576 B1 EP 0009576B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
platform
jack
bearing means
bearing
lowered
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79102892A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0009576A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Schiemichen
Werner Zimmermann
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Deutsche Babcock AG
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Deutsche Babcock AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0009576A1 publication Critical patent/EP0009576A1/en
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Publication of EP0009576B1 publication Critical patent/EP0009576B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
    • E02B17/024—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform shock absorbing means for the supporting construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/04—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction
    • E02B17/08—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a jack-up platform, the platform of which is provided with lifting and lowering support legs which are supported on a substructure lowered on the seabed and which are guided in two bearings arranged at a vertical distance in the platform.
  • Such lifting islands are known from DE-A-2545219. They are intended for certain marine tasks or watercraft used off-shore drilling.
  • the support legs of the platform are lowered onto the substructure that was previously lowered onto the sea floor. lowered and then the platform on the fixed support legs is lifted out of the water until the required height above sea level is reached.
  • Placing the support legs on the substructure is always a critical operation. In unfavorable sea conditions, the platform swinging up and down with the waves can hit the substructure several times with the extending support legs before it is finally fixed. This can cause considerable damage to the substructure and the support legs.
  • a shock absorber in the form of a resiliently supported on the support leg ring is attached to the lower end of each support leg. This ring surrounds the support surface of the support leg on the substructure and projects beyond it in the axial direction. With this design, however, essentially only shocks in the vertical direction are absorbed. In unfavorable sea conditions, the support legs are impacted horizontally, which cannot be absorbed by the above-mentioned shock absorbers.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a jack of the type mentioned in such a way that blows acting laterally on the support legs can be absorbed, but that, on the other hand, safe guidance of the support legs within the platform is not impaired.
  • the one bearing is movable about a pivot point D, which is the center of this bearing and that the other bearing is designed to be radially compliant when the support legs are lowered and as a substantially rigid centering device when the platform is raised. Thanks to this bearing, each support leg can swing around a pivot point. The deflections that occur during this oscillation are absorbed by the only radially flexible bearing. The flexibility of this bearing is eliminated by adjustment when the support legs stand firmly on the substructure and the platform on the support legs is slowly raised. In this case, firm guidance between the support legs and platform is achieved.
  • the bearing which is designed to be flexible on all sides, can consist of half-shells which are spring-supported. However, in order to be able to safely absorb the blows, it is proposed in an embodiment of the invention that this bearing is formed from individual circumferentially spaced segments which are made of an elastically deformable material and which are connected at the rear via a steel plate to the platform .
  • the radially resilient bearing has walls made of a resilient material, which enclose an interior space which is divided into segments which can be filled with either a compressed or an incompressible, flowable medium.
  • the interior is filled with air before the support legs are put on so that the walls of the bearing can give way. After the support legs have been put on, the air in the interior is replaced by water. As a result, the support legs are guided tightly when the platform is raised.
  • the bearing which is radially flexible when the support legs are lowered consists of several bearing shells arranged over the circumference of each support leg, which are supported on piston rods by hydraulic cylinders arranged horizontally within the platform, the pistons of which are lowered when the Give up the support legs freely and are evenly loaded when lifting the platform.
  • the jack-up platform shown consists of the platform 1 and the support legs 2 which can be raised and lowered.
  • the support legs 2 are supported in the working position of the platform 1 on a previously lowered substructure 3 resting on the seabed.
  • Platform 1 is self-swimming and is towed by ocean-going tugs to the intended place of erection at sea. During the alignment of the platform 1 over the substructure 3 and during the lowering of the support legs 2, the platform 1 floats on the sea surface and is raised and lowered more or less depending on the height of the waves.
  • the hydraulic drive for lowering the support legs 2 and later lifting the platform 1 consists of several evenly cylinders 4 arranged around each support leg 2.
  • the cylinders 4 are connected to a lower support of the platform 1. They are supported so that they can pivot about two mutually perpendicular horizontal axes.
  • the piston rods of the cylinders 4 are articulated on a ring 5.
  • the ring 5 is to be clamped to the support leg 2 via a hydraulically actuated lever device 6. Below the ring 5 there is another ring 7 which is also to be clamped to the support leg 2.
  • the piston rods of the cylinders 4 are retracted with the ring 5 clamped, as a result of which the platform 1 is raised relative to the support legs 2.
  • the platform 1 is clamped to the support leg 2 via the ring 7.
  • the piston rods of the cylinder 4 are extended. Then the retraction and extension of the piston rods of the cylinders 4 and the mutual clamping of the rings 5 and 7 are repeated until the platform 1 has reached the desired position above sea level.
  • each support leg 2 is guided in two resilient bearings 8 and 9.
  • the bearing 8 arranged in the upper part of the platform 1 is flexible on all sides. In this way, the support leg 2 guided in the bearing 8 can perform oscillating movements about the pivot point D, which corresponds to the center point of the bearing 8.
  • the bearing 8 is formed from individual segments 10 which are arranged at a distance in the circumferential direction around the support leg 2.
  • the segments 10 consist of an elastically deformable material, e.g. B. made of rubber.
  • the segments 10 On their rear side, the segments 10 with a steel plate 11 z. B. connected by gluing. The steel plate 11 is attached to the platform 1.
  • the segments 10 are enclosed by a shell 12 on the side facing the support leg 2.
  • a sliding surface 13 resting on the support leg 2 is embedded in the shell 12.
  • the sliding surface 13 has a low coefficient of friction.
  • the bearing 9 arranged in the lower part of the platform 1 can only yield in the radial direction.
  • the bearing 9 is formed by two superimposed closed rings, the walls 14 of a resilient material, for. B. made of rubber.
  • the walls 14 enclose an interior 15, which is divided into segments, optionally with an incompressible. Medium such as water or a compressible medium such as air.
  • the supply and removal of water takes place through a lower connection 16 and the supply and removal of air through an upper connection 17, which are guided through the rear wall 14 of the bearing 9.
  • the walls of the bearing 9 are reinforced by plates 18 and 19.
  • the width of the plate 19 is smaller than the width of the bearing 9.
  • a sliding surface 13 with a low coefficient of friction is embedded in the plate 18 facing the support leg 2.
  • the segments of the interior 15 of the bearing 9 are filled with air. Thanks to the compressibility of the air, the bearing 9 can yield elastically in the radial direction. If the support legs 2 have been placed on the substructure 3 and the platform 2 is to be raised, the air is completely displaced from the segments of the interior 15 by water. In this case, the bearing 9 is completely unyielding and acts like a centering device. In this way, firm guidance of the support legs 2 is achieved.
  • the lower radially flexible bearing is replaced by a centering device, which consists of several, in the present case four, bearing shells 20 arranged distributed over the circumference of the support leg 2.
  • Each bearing shell 20 is supported on the piston rods of two actuating cylinders 21.
  • the actuating cylinders 21 act in the radial direction and are fastened horizontally on the platform 1.
  • the actuating cylinders 21, which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in their respective end positions, can yield movements of the support leg 2 in the radial direction by approximately 600 mm.
  • the cylinder spaces of two opposing actuating cylinders 21 or actuating cylinder groups are each connected via a connecting line in which a throttle and shut-off valve is arranged.
  • a throttle and shut-off valve is arranged.
  • the shut-off valve in the connecting line is closed.
  • the piston of the actuating cylinder 21, the bearing shells 20 of which have moved furthest outward, are pressurized with pressure medium.
  • the excess pressure medium is discharged from the piston chambers of the actuating cylinders on the opposite side of the support leg 2 into a storage container. If the support leg 2 has assumed its vertical position, all valves for the supply and discharge of pressure medium are blocked. All Actuating cylinders 21 are then evenly acted on, so that a flexible deflection of the lower bearing of the support leg is now switched off.
  • the actuating cylinders can also be switched so that they work against a pressure accumulator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hubinsel, deren Plattform mit heb- und senkbaren Stützbeinen versehen ist, die auf einer auf dem Meeresboden abgesenkten Unterkonstruktion abgestützt sind und die in zwei auf vertikalem Abstand in der Plattform angeordneten Lagern geführt sind.The invention relates to a jack-up platform, the platform of which is provided with lifting and lowering support legs which are supported on a substructure lowered on the seabed and which are guided in two bearings arranged at a vertical distance in the platform.

Derartige Hubinseln sind aus der DE-A-2545219 bekannt. Sie sind für bestimmte seebauliche Aufgaben oder Off-shore-Bohrungen eingesetzte Wasserfahrzeuge bestimmt. Um die Arbeitsposition sicherzustellen, werden die Stützbeine der Plattform auf die zuvor auf dem Meeresboden abgesenkte Unterkonstruktion ab- . gesenkt und dann die Plattform an den fest aufsitzenden Stützbeinen aus dem Wasser hervorgehoben, bis die erforderliche Höhe über dem Meeresspiegel erreicht ist. Das Aufsetzen der Stützbeine auf die Unterkonstruktion ist immer eine kritische Operation. Die mit den Wellen auf- und abschwingende Plattform kann bei ungünstigen Seeverhältnissen mehrfach mit den ausfahrenden Stützbeinen auf die Unterkonstruktion aufstoßen, ehe sie endgültig feststeht. Das kann zu beträchtlichen Schäden an der Unterkonstruktion und den Stützbeinen führen.Such lifting islands are known from DE-A-2545219. They are intended for certain marine tasks or watercraft used off-shore drilling. To ensure the working position, the support legs of the platform are lowered onto the substructure that was previously lowered onto the sea floor. lowered and then the platform on the fixed support legs is lifted out of the water until the required height above sea level is reached. Placing the support legs on the substructure is always a critical operation. In unfavorable sea conditions, the platform swinging up and down with the waves can hit the substructure several times with the extending support legs before it is finally fixed. This can cause considerable damage to the substructure and the support legs.

Um ungünstigen zu verhindern, ist der Vorschlag gemacht worden, daß am unteren Ende eines jeden Stützbeines ein Stoßdämpfer in Form eines sich federnd am Stützbein abstützenden Ringes angebracht ist. Dieser Ring umgibt die Auflagefläche des Stützbeines auf der Unterkonstruktion und überragt es in axialer Richtung. Mit dieser Ausführung werden aber im wesentlichen nur Stöße in senkrechter Richtung aufgefangen. Bei ungünstigen Seeverhältnissen wirken auf die Stützbeine auch in horizontaler Richtung Schläge, die von den genannten Stoßdämpfern allein nicht aufgefangen werden können.To prevent unfavorable, the proposal has been made that a shock absorber in the form of a resiliently supported on the support leg ring is attached to the lower end of each support leg. This ring surrounds the support surface of the support leg on the substructure and projects beyond it in the axial direction. With this design, however, essentially only shocks in the vertical direction are absorbed. In unfavorable sea conditions, the support legs are impacted horizontally, which cannot be absorbed by the above-mentioned shock absorbers.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Hubinsel der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß auch seitlich auf die Stützbeine wirkende Schläge aufgefangen werden können, daß aber andererseits eine sichere Führung der Stützbeine innerhalb der Plattform nicht beeinträchtigt wird.The invention has for its object to further develop a jack of the type mentioned in such a way that blows acting laterally on the support legs can be absorbed, but that, on the other hand, safe guidance of the support legs within the platform is not impaired.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das eine Lager um einen Drehpunkt D beweglich ist, der der Mittelpunkt dieses Lagers ist und daß das andere Lager beim Absenken der Stützbeine radial nachgiebig und beim Heben der Plattform als eine im wesentlichen starre Zentriereinrichtung ausgebildet ist. Dank dieser Lagerung kann jedes Stützbein um einen Drehpunkt pendeln. Die bei dieser Pendelung auftretenden Ausschläge werden von dem nur radial nachgiebigen Lager aufgefangen. Die Nachgiebigkeit dieses Lagers wird durch Verstellung aufgehoben, wenn die Stützbeine fest auf der Unterkonstruktion aufstehen und die Plattform an den Stützbeinen langsam angehoben wird. In diesem Fall ist eine feste Führung zwischen den Stützbeinen und Plattform erreicht.This object is achieved in that the one bearing is movable about a pivot point D, which is the center of this bearing and that the other bearing is designed to be radially compliant when the support legs are lowered and as a substantially rigid centering device when the platform is raised. Thanks to this bearing, each support leg can swing around a pivot point. The deflections that occur during this oscillation are absorbed by the only radially flexible bearing. The flexibility of this bearing is eliminated by adjustment when the support legs stand firmly on the substructure and the platform on the support legs is slowly raised. In this case, firm guidance between the support legs and platform is achieved.

Das allseitig nachgiebig ausgebildete Lager kann aus Halbschalen bestehen, die federnd abgestützt sind. Um jedoch die Schläge sicher auffangen zu können, wird in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß dieses Lager aus einzelnen in Umfangsrichtung auf Abstand angeordneten Segmenten gebildet ist, die aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material bestehen und die an ihrer Rückseite über eine Stahlplatte an der Plattform verbunden sind.The bearing, which is designed to be flexible on all sides, can consist of half-shells which are spring-supported. However, in order to be able to safely absorb the blows, it is proposed in an embodiment of the invention that this bearing is formed from individual circumferentially spaced segments which are made of an elastically deformable material and which are connected at the rear via a steel plate to the platform .

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das radial nachgiebig ausgebildete Lager Wände aus einem nachgiebigen Material auf, die einen Innenraum umschließen, der in Segmente unterteilt ist, die wahlweise mit einem kömpresstbten oder einem inkompressiblen, fließfähigen Medium füllbar sind. Dabei ist der Innenraum vor dem Aufsetzen der Stützbeine mit Luft gefüllt, so daß die Wände des Lagers nachgeben können. Nach dem Aufsetzen der Stützbeine wird die Luft in dem Innenraum durch Wasser ersetzt. Dadurch wird während des Anhebens der Plattform eine straffe Führung der Stützbeine erreicht. Die gleiche Wirkung wird bei einer Hubinsel erzielt, bei der das beim Absenken der Stützbeine radial nachgiebige Lager aus mehreren, über den Umfang jedes Stützbeines angeordneten Lagerschalen besteht, die auf Kolbenstangen von innerhalb der Plattform horizontal angeordneten hydraulischen Zylindern abgestützt sind, deren Kolben beim Absenken der Stützbeine frei nachgeben und beim Heben der Plattform gleichmäßig beaufschlagt sind.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the radially resilient bearing has walls made of a resilient material, which enclose an interior space which is divided into segments which can be filled with either a compressed or an incompressible, flowable medium. The interior is filled with air before the support legs are put on so that the walls of the bearing can give way. After the support legs have been put on, the air in the interior is replaced by water. As a result, the support legs are guided tightly when the platform is raised. The same effect is achieved with a jack, in which the bearing which is radially flexible when the support legs are lowered consists of several bearing shells arranged over the circumference of each support leg, which are supported on piston rods by hydraulic cylinders arranged horizontally within the platform, the pistons of which are lowered when the Give up the support legs freely and are evenly loaded when lifting the platform.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Hubinsel,
  • Fig. 2 die Einzelheit Z nach Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 die Draufsicht auf eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung und
  • Fig. 4 den dazu gehörenden Längsschnitt.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. It shows
  • 1 is a lifting island,
  • 2 shows the detail Z of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of another embodiment of the invention and
  • Fig. 4 shows the associated longitudinal section.

Die dargestellte Hubinsel besteht aus der Plattform 1 und den heb- und senkbaren Stützbeinen 2. Die Stützbeine 2 stützen sich in der Arbeitsposition der Plattform 1 auf einer auf dem Meeresboden ruhenden zuvor abgesenkten Unterkonstruktion 3 ab.The jack-up platform shown consists of the platform 1 and the support legs 2 which can be raised and lowered. The support legs 2 are supported in the working position of the platform 1 on a previously lowered substructure 3 resting on the seabed.

Die Plattform 1 ist selbstschwimmend und wird von Hochseeschleppern zu dem vorgesehenen Errichtungsort auf See geschleppt. Während des Ausrichtens der Plattform 1 über der Unterkonstruktion 3 und während des Absenkens der Stützbeine 2 schwimmt die Plattform 1 auf der Meeresoberfläche und wird dabei je nach der Höhe der Wellen mehr oder weniger stark angehoben und wieder abgesenkt.Platform 1 is self-swimming and is towed by ocean-going tugs to the intended place of erection at sea. During the alignment of the platform 1 over the substructure 3 and during the lowering of the support legs 2, the platform 1 floats on the sea surface and is raised and lowered more or less depending on the height of the waves.

Der hydraulische Antrieb für das Absenken der Stützbeine 2 und das spätere Anheben der Plattform 1 besteht aus mehreren gleichmäßig um jedes Stützbein 2 angeordneten Zylindern 4. Die Zylinder 4 sind mit einem unteren Träger der Plattform 1 verbunden. Dabei sind sie so abgestützt, daß sie um zwei zueinander senkrechte waagerecht liegende Achsen schwenken können. Die Kolbenstangen der Zylinder 4 greifen gelenkig an einem Ring 5 an. Der Ring 5 ist über eine hydraulisch zu betätigende Hebelvorrichtung 6 mit dem Stützbein 2 zu verklammern. Unterhalb des Ringes 5 ist ein weiterer ebenfalls mit dem Stützbein 2 zu verklammernder Ring 7 vorgesehen.The hydraulic drive for lowering the support legs 2 and later lifting the platform 1 consists of several evenly cylinders 4 arranged around each support leg 2. The cylinders 4 are connected to a lower support of the platform 1. They are supported so that they can pivot about two mutually perpendicular horizontal axes. The piston rods of the cylinders 4 are articulated on a ring 5. The ring 5 is to be clamped to the support leg 2 via a hydraulically actuated lever device 6. Below the ring 5 there is another ring 7 which is also to be clamped to the support leg 2.

Stehen die Stützbeine 2 mit ihren Auflageflächen auf den entsprechenden Gegenlagern der Unterkonstruktion 3 auf, so werden die Kolbenstangen der Zylinder 4 bei verklammertem Ring 5 eingezogen, wodurch die Plattform 1 gegenüber den Stützbeinen 2 angehoben wird. Ist die in der Fig. dargestellte Stellung der Zylinder 4 erreicht, so wird die Plattform 1 über den Ring 7 mit dem Stützbein 2 verklammert. Nach Lösen der Verklammerung des Ringes 5 werden die Kolbenstangen der Zylinder 4 ausgefahren. Danach wird das Einziehen und Ausfahren der Kolbenstangen der Zylinder 4 und das wechselseitige Verklammern der Ringe 5 und 7 wiederholt, bis die Plattform 1 die gewünschte Stellung oberhalb des Meeresspiegels erreicht hat.If the support legs 2 stand with their contact surfaces on the corresponding counter bearings of the substructure 3, the piston rods of the cylinders 4 are retracted with the ring 5 clamped, as a result of which the platform 1 is raised relative to the support legs 2. Once the position of the cylinders 4 shown in the figure has been reached, the platform 1 is clamped to the support leg 2 via the ring 7. After releasing the clamping of the ring 5, the piston rods of the cylinder 4 are extended. Then the retraction and extension of the piston rods of the cylinders 4 and the mutual clamping of the rings 5 and 7 are repeated until the platform 1 has reached the desired position above sea level.

Während des Absenkens der Stützbeine 2 bei schwimmender Plattform 1 wirken durch die wellenbedingte Bewegung der Plattform 1 unkontrollierbare Schläge in waagerechter Richtung auf die Stützbeine. Diese Schläge können Beschädigungen der Führungen der Stützbeine 2 innerhalb der Plattform 1 bewirken. Um diese Schläge auffangen zu können, ist jedes Stützbein 2 in zwei nachgiebig ausgebildeten Lagern 8 und 9 geführt. Das im oberen Teil der Plattform 1 angeordnete Lager 8 ist allseitig nachgiebig ausgebildet. Auf diese Weise kann das in dem Lager 8 geführte Stützbein 2 Pendelbewegungen um den Drehpunkt D, der dem Mittelpunkt des Lagers 8 entspricht, ausführen. Das Lager 8 ist aus einzelnen Segmenten 10 gebildet, die in Umfangsrichtung um das Stützbein 2 auf Abstand angeordnet sind. Die Segmente 10 bestehen aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material, z. B. aus Gummi. Auf ihrer rückwärtigen Seite sind die Segmente 10 mit einer Stahlplatte 11 z. B. durch Verkleben verbunden. Die Stahlplatte 11 ist an der Plattform 1 befestigt. Auf der dem Stützbein 2 zugewandten Seite sind die Segmente 10 von einer Schale 12 umschlossen. In die Schale 12 ist eine am Stützbein 2 anliegende Gleitfläche 13 eingelassen. Die Gleitfläche 13 weist einen geringen Reibungsbeiwert auf.During the lowering of the support legs 2 when the platform 1 is floating, the wave-related movement of the platform 1 causes uncontrollable impacts on the support legs in a horizontal direction. These blows can damage the guides of the support legs 2 within the platform 1. In order to be able to absorb these blows, each support leg 2 is guided in two resilient bearings 8 and 9. The bearing 8 arranged in the upper part of the platform 1 is flexible on all sides. In this way, the support leg 2 guided in the bearing 8 can perform oscillating movements about the pivot point D, which corresponds to the center point of the bearing 8. The bearing 8 is formed from individual segments 10 which are arranged at a distance in the circumferential direction around the support leg 2. The segments 10 consist of an elastically deformable material, e.g. B. made of rubber. On their rear side, the segments 10 with a steel plate 11 z. B. connected by gluing. The steel plate 11 is attached to the platform 1. The segments 10 are enclosed by a shell 12 on the side facing the support leg 2. A sliding surface 13 resting on the support leg 2 is embedded in the shell 12. The sliding surface 13 has a low coefficient of friction.

Das im unteren Teil der Plattform 1 angeordnete Lager 9 kann nur in radialer Richtung nachgeben. Das Lager 9 ist durch zwei übereinanderliegende in sich geschlossene Ringe gebildet, deren Wände 14 aus einem nachgiebigen Material, z. B. aus Gummi, bestehen. Die Wände 14 umschließen einen Innenraum 15, der in Segmente aufgeteilt ist, die wahlweise mit einem inkompressiblen. Medium wie Wasser oder einem kompressiblen Medium wie Luft gefüllt sind. Die Zu- bzw. Abfuhr von Wasser erfolgt durch einen unteren Stutzen 16 und die Zu- bzw. Abfuhr der Luft durch einen oberen Stutzen 17, die durch die hintere Wand 14 des Lagers 9 geführt sind. Die Wände des Lagers 9 sind durch aufgelegte Platten 18 und 19 verstärkt. Dabei ist die Breite der Platte 19 geringer als die Breite des Lagers 9. In die dem Stützbein 2 zugewandten Platte 18 ist eine Gleitfläche 13 von geringem Reibungsbeiwert eingelassen.The bearing 9 arranged in the lower part of the platform 1 can only yield in the radial direction. The bearing 9 is formed by two superimposed closed rings, the walls 14 of a resilient material, for. B. made of rubber. The walls 14 enclose an interior 15, which is divided into segments, optionally with an incompressible. Medium such as water or a compressible medium such as air. The supply and removal of water takes place through a lower connection 16 and the supply and removal of air through an upper connection 17, which are guided through the rear wall 14 of the bearing 9. The walls of the bearing 9 are reinforced by plates 18 and 19. The width of the plate 19 is smaller than the width of the bearing 9. A sliding surface 13 with a low coefficient of friction is embedded in the plate 18 facing the support leg 2.

Während des Absenkens der Stützbeine 2 sind die Segmente des Innenraums 15 des Lagers 9 mit Luft gefüllt. Dank der Kompressibilität der Luft kann das Lager 9 in radialer Richtung elastisch nachgeben. Haben die Stützbeine 2 auf der Unterkonstruktion 3 aufgesetzt und soll die Plattform 2 angehoben werden, so wird die Luft aus den Segmenten des Innenraums 15 durch Wasser vollständig verdrängt. In diesem Fall ist das Lager 9 völlig unnachgiebig und wirkt wie eineZentriervorrichtung. Auf diese Weise wird eine feste Führung der Stützbeine 2 erreicht.During the lowering of the support legs 2, the segments of the interior 15 of the bearing 9 are filled with air. Thanks to the compressibility of the air, the bearing 9 can yield elastically in the radial direction. If the support legs 2 have been placed on the substructure 3 and the platform 2 is to be raised, the air is completely displaced from the segments of the interior 15 by water. In this case, the bearing 9 is completely unyielding and acts like a centering device. In this way, firm guidance of the support legs 2 is achieved.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 3 und 4 ist das untere radial nachgiebige Lager durch eine Zentriereinrichtung ersetzt, die aus mehreren, im vorliegenden Fall vier, über den Umfang des Stützbeines 2 verteilt angeordneten Lagerschalen 20 besteht. Jede Lagerschale 20 ist auf den Kolbenstangen zweier Stellzylinder 21 abgestützt. Die Stellzylinder 21 wirken in radialer Richtung und sind horizontal auf der Plattform 1 befestigt. Die Stellzylinder 21, die in den Fig. 3 und 4 in ihren jeweiligen Endstellungen dargestellt sind, können Bewegungen des Stützbeines 2 in radialer Richtung um etwa 600 mm nachgeben.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the lower radially flexible bearing is replaced by a centering device, which consists of several, in the present case four, bearing shells 20 arranged distributed over the circumference of the support leg 2. Each bearing shell 20 is supported on the piston rods of two actuating cylinders 21. The actuating cylinders 21 act in the radial direction and are fastened horizontally on the platform 1. The actuating cylinders 21, which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in their respective end positions, can yield movements of the support leg 2 in the radial direction by approximately 600 mm.

Die Zylinderräume zweier gegenüberliegender Stellzylinder 21 oder Stellzylindergruppen sind jeweils über eine Verbindungsleitung, in der ein Drossel- und Absperrventil angeordnet ist, verbunden. Bei einem Pendeln des Stützbeines 2 wird das Druckmedium, das aus dem Stellzylinder 21 auf der betreffenden Seite entweicht, über diese Verbindungsleitung in die Stellzylinder 21 auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Stützbeines 2 gefördert. Das in der Verbindungsleitung liegende Drosselventil sorgt für eine Dämpfung der Pendelbewegung.The cylinder spaces of two opposing actuating cylinders 21 or actuating cylinder groups are each connected via a connecting line in which a throttle and shut-off valve is arranged. When the support leg 2 swings, the pressure medium which escapes from the actuating cylinder 21 on the relevant side is conveyed via this connecting line into the actuating cylinder 21 on the opposite side of the support leg 2. The throttle valve in the connecting line dampens the pendulum motion.

Stehen die Stützbeine 2 auf der Unterkonstruktion 3 auf, so wird das Absperrventil in der Verbindungsleitung geschlossen. Der Kolben desjenigen Stellzylinders 21, dessen Lagerschalen 20 sich am weitesten nach außen bewegt haben, werden mit Druckmedium beaufschlagt. Gleichzeitig wird das überschüssige Druckmedium aus den Kolbenräumen der Stellzylinder auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Stützbeines 2 in einen Speicherbehälter abgelassen. Hat das Stützbein 2 seine senkrechte Stellung eingenommen, so werden alle Ventile für die Zufuhr und Abfuhr von Druckmedium gesperrt. Alle Stellzylinder 21 sind dann gleichmäßig beaufschlagt, so daß jetzt ein nachgiebiges Ausweichen des unteren Lagers des Stützbeines ausgeschaltet ist. Anstelle der beschriebenen hydraulischen Steuerung können die Stellzylinder auch so geschaltet sein, daß sie gegen einen Druckspeicher arbeiten.If the support legs 2 stand on the substructure 3, the shut-off valve in the connecting line is closed. The piston of the actuating cylinder 21, the bearing shells 20 of which have moved furthest outward, are pressurized with pressure medium. At the same time, the excess pressure medium is discharged from the piston chambers of the actuating cylinders on the opposite side of the support leg 2 into a storage container. If the support leg 2 has assumed its vertical position, all valves for the supply and discharge of pressure medium are blocked. All Actuating cylinders 21 are then evenly acted on, so that a flexible deflection of the lower bearing of the support leg is now switched off. Instead of the hydraulic control described, the actuating cylinders can also be switched so that they work against a pressure accumulator.

Claims (6)

1. Jack-up platform structure comprising a platform (1) with raisable and lowerable legs (2) which are supported on a substructure (3) lowered to the bottom of the sea and which are guided in two bearing means (8, 9) vertically spaced in the platform (1), characterized in that the bearing means (8) is movable around a fulcrum D constituting its center and that the other bearing means (9) is radially yielding when the legs (2) are being lowered and forms a substantially rigid centering device when the platform (1) is being raised.
2. Jack-up platform structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing means (8) is formed by individual segments (10) which are spaced in circumferential direction, consist of an elastically deformable material and are connected, on their rear side, to the platform (1) by means of a steel plate (11).
3. Jack-up platform structure according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the said other bearing means (9) exhibits walls (14) consisting of a yielding material and annularly enclosing an inner space (15) which is divided into segments optionally chargeable with a compressible or an incompressible fluid.
4. Jack-up platform structure according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the yielding bearing means (8, 9) are provided with a low friction sliding surface (13) on their side facing the leg (2).
5. Jack-up platform structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing means (9) radially yielding when the legs (2) are being lowered consists of several bearing brasses (20) arranged on the circumference of each leg and abutted against piston rods of hydraulic cylinders (21) which are horizontally arranged within the platform (1) and are provided with pistons freely yielding when the legs (2) are being lowered and evenly loaded when the platform (1) is being raised.
6. Jack-up platform structure according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the piston chambers of two opposite positioning cylinders (21) are connected by a line which is provided with a throttle and isolating valve.
EP79102892A 1978-09-29 1979-08-10 Raisable island Expired EP0009576B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2842499A DE2842499C2 (en) 1978-09-29 1978-09-29 Jack-up platform
DE2842499 1978-09-29

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EP0009576A1 EP0009576A1 (en) 1980-04-16
EP0009576B1 true EP0009576B1 (en) 1983-06-15

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EP79102892A Expired EP0009576B1 (en) 1978-09-29 1979-08-10 Raisable island

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US (1) US4318640A (en)
EP (1) EP0009576B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5555715A (en)
DE (1) DE2842499C2 (en)
DK (1) DK393779A (en)
FI (1) FI66953C (en)
IE (1) IE48846B1 (en)
NO (1) NO152460C (en)

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JPS623892U (en) * 1985-06-20 1987-01-10
US5092712A (en) * 1990-06-07 1992-03-03 Jerome Goldman Inclined leg jack-up platform with flexible leg guides
US5743677A (en) * 1996-03-29 1998-04-28 Oil States Industries, Inc. Subsea multi-segmented pile gripper
GB2319004B (en) * 1996-11-04 2001-03-07 Roy Malcolm Bennnett Offshore jack-up platform with inclined legs
PL2770112T3 (en) * 2013-02-20 2016-08-31 Overdick Gmbh & Co Kg Lifting device for offshore platforms
DE102013004222A1 (en) 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 Teemu J. T. Kiviniemi Jack-up ship with at least one buoyant body extending longitudinally in the direction of travel
DE202013010071U1 (en) 2013-11-06 2013-12-16 Teemu J. T. Kiviniemi Watercraft of the Small Waterplane Area type

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK393779A (en) 1980-03-30
FI66953C (en) 1984-12-10
NO792698L (en) 1980-04-01
DE2842499C2 (en) 1982-04-08
EP0009576A1 (en) 1980-04-16
FI792856A (en) 1980-03-30
US4318640A (en) 1982-03-09
IE791856L (en) 1980-03-29
JPS5555715A (en) 1980-04-23
NO152460B (en) 1985-06-24
JPS6260534B2 (en) 1987-12-16
DE2842499A1 (en) 1980-04-10
NO152460C (en) 1985-10-02
FI66953B (en) 1984-08-31
IE48846B1 (en) 1985-05-29

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