EP0008137B1 - Thermal radiation heating cathode structure - Google Patents

Thermal radiation heating cathode structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0008137B1
EP0008137B1 EP79200341A EP79200341A EP0008137B1 EP 0008137 B1 EP0008137 B1 EP 0008137B1 EP 79200341 A EP79200341 A EP 79200341A EP 79200341 A EP79200341 A EP 79200341A EP 0008137 B1 EP0008137 B1 EP 0008137B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cathode
disc
insulating rods
cathode structure
ring
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Expired
Application number
EP79200341A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0008137A1 (en
Inventor
Andre Wolfram
Peter Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent Deutschland AG
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Alcatel SEL AG
Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
International Standard Electric Corp
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Application filed by Alcatel SEL AG, Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG, International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical Alcatel SEL AG
Priority to AT79200341T priority Critical patent/ATE2705T1/en
Publication of EP0008137A1 publication Critical patent/EP0008137A1/en
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Publication of EP0008137B1 publication Critical patent/EP0008137B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/04—Cathodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cathode structure for radiation-heated cathodes of a cathode ray tube, in particular a picture tube, in which the cathode essentially consists of a disk carrying the emission layer.
  • the decisive factors for the time behavior when heating up a cathode are the heat transfer from the heating element to the cathode and the heat capacity of the cathode structure itself.
  • heat transfer occurs exclusively through heat radiation and heat conduction, with heat radiation predominating.
  • Rapid heating cathodes are known for example from DE-AS 2313911.
  • the cathode structure consists of a cylindrical cathode tube, on which a cap is placed, which carries the emission layer.
  • the cathode tube is fastened in a second cylinder tube, and a coiled heating wire with an insulating layer is inserted into the cathode tube.
  • the heat capacity of the insulating layer of the heating wire delays the heating of the cathode when it is heated.
  • the construction with a double cylinder tube also gives the cathode a thermal inertia that increases the heating time.
  • the heating wire with its center of radiant heat can be arranged in the cathode tube with difficulty in a reproducible manner, as a result of which temperature differences from cathode to cathode shorten the life of the cathode.
  • the heating element is designed as a self-supporting radiant heater and the cathode essentially only consists of a round disk carrying the emission layer with a comparatively to the previously known arrangements low heat capacity.
  • the cathode disc is attached to specially shaped suspension elements, the shape of which is intended to prevent thermal stresses and the resulting change in the distance between the cathode and Wehnelt electrode when heated.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a cathode structure for a radiation-heated cathode which, even in mass production, enables a reproducible distance from cathode to Wehnelt electrode and keeps this distance within the required tolerances even when heated.
  • the holding elements are insulating rods which are displaceable along their axes and are arranged in at least one plane parallel to the cathode disk.
  • Such a cathode fastening also has the advantage of reducing the thermal capacity of the cathode due to the low conductivity of thin insulating rods and thereby shortening the heating-up time.
  • An insulating rod attachment for electrode structures is e.g. B. from DE-OS 1 800 953 known.
  • an auxiliary cathode is attached to a main cathode via insulating rods.
  • the structure specified there does not allow close tolerances to be adhered to.
  • the sheet metal part 1 represents only a part of the Wehnelt electrode, namely the part which is located directly around the electron beam outlet opening. This can be both a Wehnelt electrode for a system that generates only one electron beam and a system that generates several electron beams, for example for an in-line color picture tube.
  • the cathode disk 2 covered on the Wehnelt electrode side with emission mass is held here in a ring 4 with three insulating rods 3, for example made of quartz glass.
  • the ring itself is welded to the Wehnelt electrode.
  • the distance between cathode 2 and Wehnelt electrode 1, which is important for the function of the tube, is essentially determined by ring 4 and cathode disk 2.
  • the insulating rods 3 are displaceable along one of their ends along the rod axes, so that when they are heated they can move along the rod axes in their holding part. This can also mean simplification in production.
  • a radiant heater 5 is arranged in the middle under the cathode disc 2 as close as possible, but only so tight that contact with the cathode parts is avoided.
  • the radiant heater 5 can be self-supporting and only fastened with its connecting wires, or it is carried by other means known to the person skilled in the art.
  • Fig. 2 the cathode fastening parts of the embodiment of Fig. 1 are shown again from the side of the radiant heater, not shown. It is shown how the three insulating rods 3 can be arranged against each other at angles of 120 ° and radially to the cathode disk.
  • the electrical supply line to the cathode disk 2 has not been shown, since its design options are known from the prior art.
  • insulating rods 3 are held here by means of simple wire rings 7 welded to the cathode disk 2 and by the ring 4 such that they can be displaced along the rod axes.
  • angle elements 8 are attached to the ring 4 in front of the ends of the insulating bars 3. Instead of the four angle elements 8, a ring projecting around all ends of the insulating rods 3 can also be used.
  • Fig. 4 shows again the embodiment of Fig. 3 from the side of the heater, not shown.
  • the two insulating rods 3 crossed under the center of the cathode disc 2 are arranged here at an angle of 90 ° to one another and in two planes parallel to the cathode disc 2 with a spacing of the planes of at least one insulating rod diameter.
  • the distance between these levels can also be selected to be smaller if bracing of the insulating rods 3 against one another is desired.

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  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)

Abstract

1. Cathode structure for radiation-heated cathodes of an cathode ray tube, especially a picture tube, in which the cathode consists primarily of a disc carrying the emitting layer which is connected with a ring (4) via holding elements (3) which are arranged radially to the cathode disc, form angles with each other and project away from the cathode disc with their ends, characterized in this, that the holding elements are insulating rods which are arranged displaceably along their axes and, in at least one plane, parallel to the cathode disc.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kathodenaufbau für strahlungsgeheizte Kathoden einer Kathodenstrahlröhre, insbesondere einer Bildröhre, bei der die Kathode im wesentlichen aus einer die Emissionsschicht tragenden Scheibe besteht.The invention relates to a cathode structure for radiation-heated cathodes of a cathode ray tube, in particular a picture tube, in which the cathode essentially consists of a disk carrying the emission layer.

Schon seit einiger Zeit ist man stark bemüht die Anheizzeit für Kathoden besonders von Fernsehbildröhren zu verkürzen, da durch diese Anheizzeit die Wartezeit nach dem Einschalten eines Fernsehgerätes bis zum Erscheinen des Bildes auf dem Bildschirm bestimmt wird.For some time now, efforts have been made to shorten the heating time for cathodes, especially of television picture tubes, since this heating time determines the waiting time after switching on a television set until the picture appears on the screen.

Die ausschlaggebenden Faktoren für das Zeitverhalten beim Anheizen einer Kathode sind der Wärmeübergang vom Heizelement zur Kathode und die Wärmekapazität des Kathodenaufbaus selbst.The decisive factors for the time behavior when heating up a cathode are the heat transfer from the heating element to the cathode and the heat capacity of the cathode structure itself.

In einer evakuierten Röhre geschieht der Wärmeübergang ausschließlich durch Wärmestrahlung und Wärmeleitung, wobei Wärmestrahlung überwiegt.In an evacuated tube, heat transfer occurs exclusively through heat radiation and heat conduction, with heat radiation predominating.

Schnellheizkathoden sind beispielsweise aus der DE-AS 2313911 bekannt. Der Kathodenaufbau besteht dabei aus einem zylindrischen Kathodenrohr, auf das eine Kappe aufgesetzt ist, die die Emissionsschicht trägt. Das Kathodenrohr ist in einem zweiten Zylinderrohr befestigt, und in das Kathodenrohr ist ein gewendelter und mit einer Isolierschicht versehener Heizdraht eingeschoben.Rapid heating cathodes are known for example from DE-AS 2313911. The cathode structure consists of a cylindrical cathode tube, on which a cap is placed, which carries the emission layer. The cathode tube is fastened in a second cylinder tube, and a coiled heating wire with an insulating layer is inserted into the cathode tube.

Die Wärmekapazität der Isolierschicht des Heizdrahtes verzögert aber die Aufwärmung der Kathode beim Anheizen. Auch erhält die Kathode durch die Konstruktion mit doppeltem Zylinderrohr eine die Anheizzeit erhöhende Wärmeträgheit. Außerdem hat sich in der Praxis bei den bekannten Anordnungen gezeigt, daß der Heizdraht mit seinem Heizstrahlungsschwerpunkt nur schwer reproduzierbar im Kathodenrohr angeordnet werden kann, wodurch die Lebensdauer der Kathode verkürzende Temperaturunterschiede von Kathode zu Kathode entstehen.The heat capacity of the insulating layer of the heating wire delays the heating of the cathode when it is heated. The construction with a double cylinder tube also gives the cathode a thermal inertia that increases the heating time. In addition, it has been shown in practice in the known arrangements that the heating wire with its center of radiant heat can be arranged in the cathode tube with difficulty in a reproducible manner, as a result of which temperature differences from cathode to cathode shorten the life of the cathode.

Aus der DE-OS 2 614 270 ist eine Anordnung bekannt, die diese Erkenntnisse berücksichtigt, indem dort das Heizelement als freitragender Heizstrahler ausgebildet ist und die Kathode im wesentlichen nur noch aus einer die Emissionsschicht tragenden runden Scheibe mit einer vergleichsweise zu den schon früher bekannten Anordnungen geringen Wärmekapazität besteht.From DE-OS 2 614 270, an arrangement is known which takes these findings into account, in that the heating element is designed as a self-supporting radiant heater and the cathode essentially only consists of a round disk carrying the emission layer with a comparatively to the previously known arrangements low heat capacity.

Die Kathodenscheibe ist hier an besonders geformten Aufhängeelementen befestigt, deren Form Wärmespannungen und die daraus meist resultierende Veränderung des Abstandes Kathode-Wehneltelektrode bei Erwärmung verhindern soll.The cathode disc is attached to specially shaped suspension elements, the shape of which is intended to prevent thermal stresses and the resulting change in the distance between the cathode and Wehnelt electrode when heated.

Es wurden jedoch Schwierigkeiten festgestellt, einerseits diese komplexe Anordnung in der Massenfertigung mit genauem Abstand Kathode-Wehneltelektrode reproduzierbar herzustellen und andererseits diese Anordnung so zu konstruieren, daß dieser Abstand auch bei Erwärmung innerhalb der gewünschten Toleranzen bleibt.However, difficulties were found on the one hand to reproducibly produce this complex arrangement in mass production with an exact distance between cathode and Wehnelt electrode and on the other hand to construct this arrangement in such a way that this distance remains within the desired tolerances even when heated.

Aus der DE-OS 2442510 ist ein Kathodenaufbau mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 bekannt. Bei diesem erfolgt die Halterung der Kathodenscheibe mittels dünner Drähtchen, welche einerseits an der Kathodenscheibe, andererseits an einem Ring befestigt sind. Über die Befestigung des Ringes selbst ist nichts ausgesagt. Die Befestigungsart des Ringes und die Ausbildung der dünnen Drähtchen, welche für den praktischen Aufbau einer für die Massenfertigung geeigneten Kathode entscheidend sind, sind gleichfalls keine genauen Angaben gemacht. Insbesondere ist nicht erkennbar, wie die für die Elektrodenabstände in einem Elektronenstrahlerzeugersystem geforderten Toleranzen eingehalten werden können. Es handelt sich beim Gegenstand der DE-OS 2 442 510 um das Prinzip einer strahlungsgeheizten Kathode. Eine zur Lösung der Toleranzprobleme geeignete technische Lösung ist aus diesem Prinzip nicht ohne weiteres zu erkennen.From DE-OS 2442510 a cathode structure with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known. In this case, the cathode disk is held by means of thin wires which are fastened on the one hand to the cathode disk and on the other hand to a ring. Nothing is said about the attachment of the ring itself. The type of fastening of the ring and the formation of the thin wires, which are crucial for the practical construction of a cathode suitable for mass production, are likewise not given exactly. In particular, it is not clear how the tolerances required for the electrode spacings in an electron gun system can be maintained. The subject of DE-OS 2 442 510 is the principle of a radiation-heated cathode. A technical solution suitable for solving the tolerance problems cannot easily be recognized from this principle.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Kathodenaufbau für eine strahlungsgeheizte Kathode anzugeben, der auch in der Massenproduktion einen reproduzierbaren Abstand von Kathode zur Wehneltelektrode ermöglicht und diesen Abstand auch bei Erwärmung innerhalb der geforderten Toleranzen hält..The object of the invention is to provide a cathode structure for a radiation-heated cathode which, even in mass production, enables a reproducible distance from cathode to Wehnelt electrode and keeps this distance within the required tolerances even when heated.

Die Aufgabe wird bei einem Kathodenaufbau nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, daß die Halteelemente Isolierstäbe sind, die längs ihrer Achsen verschiebbar und in mindestens einer Ebene parallel zur Kathodenscheibe angeordnet sind.The object is achieved in a cathode structure according to the preamble of claim 1 in that the holding elements are insulating rods which are displaceable along their axes and are arranged in at least one plane parallel to the cathode disk.

Eine solche Kathodenbefestigung hat überdies den Vorteil, durch die geringe Leitfähigkeit dünner Isolierstäbe die Wärmekapazität der Kathode herabzusetzen und dadurch die Anheizzeit zu verkürzen.Such a cathode fastening also has the advantage of reducing the thermal capacity of the cathode due to the low conductivity of thin insulating rods and thereby shortening the heating-up time.

Eine Isolierstabbefestigung bei Elektrodenaufbauten ist z. B. aus der DE-OS 1 800 953 bekannt. Beim dort beschriebenen Aufbau ist eine Hilfskathode über Isolierstäbe an einer Hauptkathode befestigt. Der dort angegebene Aufbau läßt jedoch nicht das Einhalten enger Toleranzen zu.An insulating rod attachment for electrode structures is e.g. B. from DE-OS 1 800 953 known. In the construction described there, an auxiliary cathode is attached to a main cathode via insulating rods. However, the structure specified there does not allow close tolerances to be adhered to.

Bei mehreren durchgehenden Isolierstäben besteht auch die Möglichkeit, diese sich kreuzend anzuordnen.If there are several continuous insulating bars, it is also possible to arrange them crossing.

Anhand der folgenden Abbildungen wird die Erfindung an Ausführungsbeispielen noch näher erläutert. Eszeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine Kathodenbefestigung mit drei Isolierstäben,
  • Fig. 2 die Kathodenbefestigung nach Fig. 1 von der Seite des nicht gezeigten Heizstrahlers,
  • Fig. 3 eine Kathodenbefestigung mit zwei sich kreuzenden durchgehenden Isolierstäben,
  • Fig. 4 die Kathodenbefestigung nach Fig. 3 von der Seite des nicht gezeigten Heizstrahlers.
The invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments with the aid of the following figures. It shows
  • 1 is a cathode attachment with three insulating rods,
  • 2 shows the cathode attachment according to FIG. 1 from the side of the radiant heater, not shown,
  • 3 shows a cathode fastening with two intersecting continuous insulating rods,
  • Fig. 4 shows the cathode attachment according to Fig. 3 from the side of the heater, not shown.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäß aufgebaute Kathode. Das Blechteil 1 stellt nur einen Teil der Wehneltelektrode dar, und zwar den Teil, der sich unmittelbar um die Elektronenstrahlaustrittsöffnung befindet. Hierbei kann es sich sowohl um eine Wehneltelektrode für ein System, das nur einen Elektronenstrahl erzeugt, als auch um ein System, das mehrere Elektronenstrahlen beispielsweise für eine In-Line-Farbbildröhre erzeugt, handeln. Die auf der Wehneltelektrodenseite mit Emissionsmasse bedeckte Kathodenscheibe 2 wird hier mit drei Isolierstäben 3 beispielsweise aus Quarzglas in einem Ring 4 gehalten. Der Ring ist seinerseits an der Wehneltelektrode angeschweißt. Der für die Funktion der Röhre wichtige Abstand Kathode 2 zu Wehneltelektrode 1 wird im wesentlichen durch den Ring 4 und die Kathodenscheibe 2 bestimmt.1 shows a section through a cathode constructed according to the invention. The sheet metal part 1 represents only a part of the Wehnelt electrode, namely the part which is located directly around the electron beam outlet opening. This can be both a Wehnelt electrode for a system that generates only one electron beam and a system that generates several electron beams, for example for an in-line color picture tube. The cathode disk 2 covered on the Wehnelt electrode side with emission mass is held here in a ring 4 with three insulating rods 3, for example made of quartz glass. The ring itself is welded to the Wehnelt electrode. The distance between cathode 2 and Wehnelt electrode 1, which is important for the function of the tube, is essentially determined by ring 4 and cathode disk 2.

Zur Vermeidung von Wärmespannungen sind die Isolierstäbe 3 an einem ihrer Enden längs der Stabachsen verschiebbar, so daß bei Erwärmung sich diese in ihrem Halteteil längs der Stabachsen bewegen können. Dies kann auch eine Vereinfachung bei der Herstellung bedeuten.To avoid thermal stresses, the insulating rods 3 are displaceable along one of their ends along the rod axes, so that when they are heated they can move along the rod axes in their holding part. This can also mean simplification in production.

So dicht wie möglich, jedoch nur so dicht, daß eine Berührung mit den Kathodenteilen vermieden wird, ist ein Heizstrahler 5 mitten unter der Kathodenscheibe 2 angeordnet. Der Heizstrahler 5 kann freitragend und nur mit seinen-Anschlußdrähten befestigt sein, oder er wird durch andere dem Fachmann bekannte Mittel getragen.A radiant heater 5 is arranged in the middle under the cathode disc 2 as close as possible, but only so tight that contact with the cathode parts is avoided. The radiant heater 5 can be self-supporting and only fastened with its connecting wires, or it is carried by other means known to the person skilled in the art.

In Fig. 2 werden die Kathodenbefestigungsteile des Ausführungsbeispiels aus Fig. 1 noch einmal von der Seite des nicht gezeigten Heizstrahlers dargestellt. Es wird dabei gezeigt, wie die drei Isolierstäbe 3 gegeneinander in Winkeln von 120° und radial zur Kathodenscheibe angeordnet werden können.In Fig. 2, the cathode fastening parts of the embodiment of Fig. 1 are shown again from the side of the radiant heater, not shown. It is shown how the three insulating rods 3 can be arranged against each other at angles of 120 ° and radially to the cathode disk.

Auf eine Darstellung der elektrischen Zuleitung zur Kathodenscheibe 2 wurde verzichtet, da ihre Ausführungsmöglichkeiten nach dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind.The electrical supply line to the cathode disk 2 has not been shown, since its design options are known from the prior art.

Der wesentliche Unterschied des Ausführungsbeispiels in Fig. 3 zu dem in Fig. 1 liegt darin, daß hier statt der drei Isolierstäbe 3 zwei durchgehende verwendet werden, die sich unter der Kathodenscheibe 2 kreuzen, und zwar derart, daß sich vier radial von der Kathodenscheibe wegragende Enden ergeben. Die Isolierstäbe 3 werden hier mittels einfacher an die Kathodenscheibe 2 angeschweißter Drahtringe 7 und durch den Ring 4 derart gehalten, daß sie längs der Stabachsen verschiebbar sind. Um ein Herausrutschen der eingebauten Isolierstäbe 3 zu verhindern, werden Winkelelemente 8 auf dem Ring 4 vor den Enden der Isolierstäbe 3 angebracht. Statt der vier Winkelelemente 8 kann auch ein um alle Enden der Isolierstäbe 3 ragender Ring verwendet werden.The main difference of the embodiment in Fig. 3 to that in Fig. 1 is that here instead of the three insulating rods 3 two continuous are used, which intersect under the cathode disc 2, in such a way that four protrude radially from the cathode disc Ends. The insulating rods 3 are held here by means of simple wire rings 7 welded to the cathode disk 2 and by the ring 4 such that they can be displaced along the rod axes. In order to prevent the built-in insulating bars 3 from slipping out, angle elements 8 are attached to the ring 4 in front of the ends of the insulating bars 3. Instead of the four angle elements 8, a ring projecting around all ends of the insulating rods 3 can also be used.

Fig. 4 zeigt noch einmal das Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 3 von der Seite des nicht gezeigten Heizstrahlers. Die beiden unter dem Mittelpunkt der Kathodenscheibe 2 gekreuzten Isolierstäbe 3 sind hier unter einem Winkel von 90° zueinander und in zwei Ebenen parallel zur Kathodenscheibe 2 mit einem Abstand der Ebenen von mindestens einem lsolierstabdurchmesser angeordnet. Man kann den Abstand dieser Ebenen auch kleiner wählen, wenn eine Verspannung der Isolierstäbe 3 gegeneinander erwünscht ist.Fig. 4 shows again the embodiment of Fig. 3 from the side of the heater, not shown. The two insulating rods 3 crossed under the center of the cathode disc 2 are arranged here at an angle of 90 ° to one another and in two planes parallel to the cathode disc 2 with a spacing of the planes of at least one insulating rod diameter. The distance between these levels can also be selected to be smaller if bracing of the insulating rods 3 against one another is desired.

Claims (2)

1. Cathode structure for radiation-heated cathodes of an cathode ray tube, especially a picture tube, in which the cathode consists primarily of a disc carrying the emitting layer which is connected with a ring (4) via holding elements (3) which are arranged radially to the cathode disc, form angles with each other and project away from the cathode disc with their ends, characterised in this, that the holding elements are insulating rods which are arranged displaceably along their axes and, in at least one plane, parallel to the cathode disc.
2. Cathode structure according to claim 1, characterised in this, that there are at least two insulating rods (3) which cross each other.
EP79200341A 1978-08-12 1979-06-26 Thermal radiation heating cathode structure Expired EP0008137B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79200341T ATE2705T1 (en) 1978-08-12 1979-06-26 CATHODE CONSTRUCTION FOR RADIATION HEATED CATHODE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782835489 DE2835489A1 (en) 1978-08-12 1978-08-12 CATHODE STRUCTURE FOR RADIANT HEATED CATHODE
DE2835489 1978-08-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0008137A1 EP0008137A1 (en) 1980-02-20
EP0008137B1 true EP0008137B1 (en) 1983-03-02

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EP79200341A Expired EP0008137B1 (en) 1978-08-12 1979-06-26 Thermal radiation heating cathode structure

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AT (1) ATE2705T1 (en)
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19800773C1 (en) * 1998-01-12 1999-07-29 Siemens Ag Indirectly heated cathode with long life especially for X=ray tubes for examination of materials

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1800953A1 (en) * 1968-08-15 1970-02-26 Siemens Ag Indirectly heated reserve cathode
NL7003279A (en) * 1970-03-07 1971-09-09
DE2442510A1 (en) * 1974-09-05 1976-03-18 Licentia Gmbh Indirectly heated cathode for electron tubes - has heating filament in shell-shaped housing of elliptical shell sections

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DE2835489A1 (en) 1980-02-21
ATE2705T1 (en) 1983-03-15
DE2964951D1 (en) 1983-04-07
EP0008137A1 (en) 1980-02-20

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