EP0005194B1 - Method and apparatus for the conical expanding of metal tubes - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the conical expanding of metal tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0005194B1
EP0005194B1 EP19790101119 EP79101119A EP0005194B1 EP 0005194 B1 EP0005194 B1 EP 0005194B1 EP 19790101119 EP19790101119 EP 19790101119 EP 79101119 A EP79101119 A EP 79101119A EP 0005194 B1 EP0005194 B1 EP 0005194B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
tube
mandrel
elastic ring
expanding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19790101119
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0005194A2 (en
EP0005194A3 (en
Inventor
Ottmar Scheck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mepag Metall und Plastik Packung & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Mepag Metall und Plastik Packung & Co GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Mepag Metall und Plastik Packung & Co GmbH filed Critical Mepag Metall und Plastik Packung & Co GmbH
Publication of EP0005194A2 publication Critical patent/EP0005194A2/en
Publication of EP0005194A3 publication Critical patent/EP0005194A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0005194B1 publication Critical patent/EP0005194B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/16—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction
    • B21C37/18—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction conical tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/02—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
    • B21D51/10—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects conically or cylindrically shaped objects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved method for conically expanding metal tubes and to an apparatus for carrying out this method.
  • GB-PS No. 898 387 describes a process for the production of conical tubes, which consists in placing cylindrical tubes in a conically shaped matrix and then this by means of pressure transmission through a rubber envelope which is in contact with the inner surface of the tube to be expanded is in contact, expands.
  • a cylindrical tube is placed on a mandrel which is equipped with an externally conical stopper through which compressed air, which is prevented from escaping, can be supplied for expansion.
  • compressed air is introduced, whereby the filling opening of the tube is sealed by the conical stopper and this is mechanically pushed into the tube when compressed air is introduced in the rhythm of the expansion process until it is placed against the conically shaped inner wall the die has a conical shape.
  • a method for the conical expansion of metal tubes consists in that a cylindrical metal, in particular aluminum tube is pushed with its open end onto a sleeve which surrounds a mandrel and has spring tension. Now the tube is inserted into an internally conically shaped, movable die and is moved with this die in the direction of an elastic ring that hermetically seals the dome or an elastic sleeve that hermetically seals the mandrel until the elastic ring or the sleeve on the inside of the open end of the tube. Compressed air is now introduced through the openings in the mandrel, a portion of the compressed air exiting through openings in the side wall of the sleeve, acts on the inner tube wall and thus expands it.
  • this device consists of a die (1) which is conically shaped on the inside and has air outlet openings (2).
  • the tube (3) to be deformed which in the drawing has already been applied to a mandrel (4), is located in the die (1) and on a sleeve (5) which is arranged on the mandrel (4) and is axially displaceable Return spring (6).
  • the mandrel (4) is on his End equipped with a compressed air connection, which is connected by a hollow shaft (7) with outlet channels (8).
  • the wall of the sleeve (5) also has outlet channels (9), the outlet openings of the dome and the sleeve having to be dimensioned such that sufficient pressure can be exerted through the opening (9) of the sleeve to deform the tube ( 3), but on the other hand there is sufficient pressure in the space (10) between the mandrel (4) and the sleeve (5) to overcome the spring action of the sleeve (5) and this in the direction of the on the mandrel (4), for example by means of a clamping sleeve (11), attached elastic ring or a sleeve (12), the preferably bevelled end (13) of the sleeve (5) engaging in the sleeve or the ring (12) in such a way that it widens is and lies on the inside of the tube (3) and this follows sealingly to the rhythm of the expansion process.
  • the right side of the drawing (1 ') shows the device according to the invention in the rest position, while on the left side the device is shown in the working position (1 ").
  • FIG. 1 a represents a section from FIG. 1, the mode of operation of the elastic ring or the sleeve (12) being made even clearer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein verbessertes Verfahren zum konischen Aufweiten von Metalltuben sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The present invention relates to an improved method for conically expanding metal tubes and to an apparatus for carrying out this method.

An ihrem offenen Ende komisch aufgeweitete Metalltuben sind erstmals in der GB-PS Nr. 898 387 beschrieben worden. Gegenüber den herkömmlichen zylindrischen Tuben weisen diese Tuben den Vorteil auf, daß sie ineinander gesteckt werden können und damit raumsparend zu verpacken und zu transportieren sind.Comically flared metal tubes at their open ends have been described for the first time in GB-PS No. 898 387. Compared to the conventional cylindrical tubes, these tubes have the advantage that they can be inserted one into the other and are therefore space-saving to pack and transport.

Die Herstellung derartiger Tuben durch das konische Aufweiten konventioneller zylindrischer Metalltuben ist prinzipiell nach zwei verfahren möglich:

  • Zum einen mittels eines Spreizdorns, wie er beispielsweise in den DE-ASen Nr. 1 964 187 und 2 208 826 beschrieben ist.
The production of such tubes by the conical expansion of conventional cylindrical metal tubes is possible in principle in two ways:
  • Firstly, by means of an expanding mandrel, as described, for example, in DE-A No. 1 964 187 and 2 208 826.

Alternativ dazu beschreibt die bereits erwähnte GB-PS Nr. 898 387 ein Verfahren zur Herstellung konischer Tuben, das darin besteht, daß man zylindrische Tuben in eine konisch geformte Matrize einbringt und diese dann mittels Druckübertragung durch eine Gumihülle, die mit der Innenfläche der aufzuweitenden Tube in Berührung steht, aufweitet.Alternatively, GB-PS No. 898 387, already mentioned, describes a process for the production of conical tubes, which consists in placing cylindrical tubes in a conically shaped matrix and then this by means of pressure transmission through a rubber envelope which is in contact with the inner surface of the tube to be expanded is in contact, expands.

Eine Weiterentwicklung dieses Verfahrens bzw. eine-entsprechende Vorrichtung sind Gegenstand der DE-PSen Nr. 2 012 701 und 2131 504.A further development of this method and a corresponding device are the subject of DE-PS No. 2 012 701 and 2131 504.

Dieses letztgenannte Verfahren arbeitet in folgender Weise:This latter process works in the following way:

Eine zylindrische Tube wird auf einen Dorn aufgebracht, der mit einem außen konischen Stopfen, durch den am Entweichen gehinderte Druckluft zum Aufweiten zuführbar ist, ausgestattet ist. Nach der Einführung in eine innen konische Matrize wird Druckluft eingeführt, wobei die Füllöffnung der Tube durch den konischen Stopfen abgedichtet wird und dieser bei der Einführung von Druckluft im Rhythmus de Aufweitvorganges mechanisch in die Tube nachgeschoben wird, bis diese durch Anlegen an die konisch ausgebildete Innenwand der Matrize eine konische Form angenomen hat.A cylindrical tube is placed on a mandrel which is equipped with an externally conical stopper through which compressed air, which is prevented from escaping, can be supplied for expansion. After the introduction into an internally conical die, compressed air is introduced, whereby the filling opening of the tube is sealed by the conical stopper and this is mechanically pushed into the tube when compressed air is introduced in the rhythm of the expansion process until it is placed against the conically shaped inner wall the die has a conical shape.

Der Nachteil dieses Systems besteht darin, daß keine exakte Abdichtung durch den Stopfen zu erzielen ist, vor allem dann nicht, wenn, was häufig vorkommt, Unebenheiten am offenen Ende de zylindrischen Ausgangstube vorhanden sind.The disadvantage of this system is that the plug cannot provide an exact seal, especially if, as is often the case, there are bumps at the open end of the cylindrical exit tube.

Dies hat zur Folge, daß neben einem erhöhten Verbrauch an Preßluft der Winkel der Aufweitung der Tube unregelmäßig wird, was wiederum zu Störungen beim Ineinanderstapeln der Tuben führt. Außerdem kann durch das zwangsläufig erfoderliche mechanische Nachschieben des Stopfens in der Endphase des Aufweitvorganges der Tubenrand zwischen die Außenwand des Stopfens und die Matrize eingeklemmt werden, was bei der Lösung der Verbindung zu einer unregelmäßigen Ausgestaltung des Tubenrandes führt.The result of this is that, in addition to an increased consumption of compressed air, the angle of the expansion of the tube becomes irregular, which in turn leads to disturbances when the tubes are stacked one inside the other. In addition, the inevitable mechanical pushing of the stopper in the final phase of the expansion process can clamp the tube edge between the outer wall of the stopper and the die, which leads to an irregular configuration of the tube edge when the connection is released.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bzw. die zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens angewandte Vorrichtung werden diese Nachteile vermieden.These disadvantages are avoided by the method according to the invention or the device used to carry out this method.

Dieses. Verfahren zum konischen Aufweiten von Metalltuben besteht darin, daß eine zylindrische Metall-, insbesondere Aluminiumtube mit ihrem offenen Ende auf eine einen Dorn umschließende, Federspannung aufweisende Hülse geschoben wird. Nunmehr wird die Tube in eine innen konisch ausgebildete, bewegliche Matrize eingebracht und mit dieser Matrize in Richtung eines den Dom luftdicht umschließenden elastischen Ringes bzw. einer den Dorn luftdicht umschließenden elastischen Manschette soweit verschoben, bis der elastiche Ring an bzw. die Manschette an der Innenseite des offenen Endes der Tube anliegt. Nunmehr wird durch die im Dorn befindlichen Öffnungen Druckluft eingeführt, wobei ein Teil der Druckluft durch in der Seitenwand der Hülse befindliche Öffnungen austritt, auf die innere Tubenwand einwirkt und diese damit aufweitet. Gleichzeitig wird durch die Druckluft innerhalb eines zwischen Hülse und Dorn gelegenen Zwischenraumes ein solcher Druck ausgeübt, daß die Hülse unter Überwindung einer Federkraft axial in Richtung des elastischen Ringes verschoben wird und diesen spreizt, wodurch der selbe mit seiner Außenfläche an die Innenwand der Tube angepreßt wird und sie im Rhythmus der konischen Aufweitung abdichtet. Sobald die Außenwand der nunmehr konisch aufgeweiteten Tube die konisch ausgestaltete Innenwand der Matrize erreicht hat, ist der Verformungsvorgang beendet, die Druckluft wird abgebaut und die Hülse stellt sich durch die Federwirkung in ihre Ausgansglage zurück, wodurch auch die Dichtung durch den elastischen Ring aufgehoben wird.This. A method for the conical expansion of metal tubes consists in that a cylindrical metal, in particular aluminum tube is pushed with its open end onto a sleeve which surrounds a mandrel and has spring tension. Now the tube is inserted into an internally conically shaped, movable die and is moved with this die in the direction of an elastic ring that hermetically seals the dome or an elastic sleeve that hermetically seals the mandrel until the elastic ring or the sleeve on the inside of the open end of the tube. Compressed air is now introduced through the openings in the mandrel, a portion of the compressed air exiting through openings in the side wall of the sleeve, acts on the inner tube wall and thus expands it. At the same time, such a pressure is exerted by the compressed air within an intermediate space between the sleeve and the mandrel that the sleeve is axially displaced in the direction of the elastic ring, overcoming a spring force, and expands it, whereby the outer surface of the ring is pressed against the inner wall of the tube and seals them in the rhythm of the conical expansion. As soon as the outer wall of the now flared tube has reached the conically shaped inner wall of the die, the deformation process is complete, the compressed air is released and the sleeve returns to its starting position due to the spring action, whereby the seal is also lifted by the elastic ring.

Durch dieses erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird eine vollständige Abdichtung auch bei am Tubenrand vorhandenen Unebenheiten des zylindrischen Ausgangswerkstückes erzielt, wodurch in jedem Fall eine gleichmäßige Aufweitung der Tube erreicht werden kann. Auf diese Weise können beim Ineinanderstapeln der Tuben keine Störungen auftreten.With this method according to the invention, a complete seal is achieved even if the cylindrical starting workpiece is uneven on the edge of the tube, whereby a uniform expansion of the tube can be achieved in any case. In this way, no interference can occur when stacking the tubes.

Im folgenden wird nunmehr die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erläutert:The device for carrying out the method according to the invention is now explained below:

Gemäß Figur 1 besteht diese Vorrichtung aus einer Matrize (1), die in ihrer Innenseite konisch geformt ist und Luftaustrittsöffnungen (2) aufweist. Die zu verformende Tube (3), die in der Zeichnung bereits auf einen Dorn (4) aufgebracht ist, befindet sich in der Matrize (1) und auf einer Hülse (5), die am Dorn (4) axial verschiebbar angeordnet ist und eine Rückholfeder (6) aufweist. Der Dorn (4) ist an seinem Ende mit einem Druckluftanschluß ausgestattet, der durch einen hohlen Schaft (7) mit Austrittskanälen (8) verbunden ist. Die Wandung der Hülse (5) weist ebenfalls Austrittskanäle (9) auf, wobei die Austrittsöffnungen des Doms und der Hülse so dimensioniert sein müssen, daß durch die Öffnung (9) der Hülse ein ausreichender Druck ausgeübt werden kann, um die Verformung der Tube (3) zu gewährleisten, andererseits jedoch in dem Zwischenraum (10) zwischen Dorn (4) und Hülse (5) ein genügend hoher Druck besteht, um die Federwirkung der Hülse (5) zu überwinden und diese in Richtung des am Dorn (4), beispielsweise mittels einer Spannhülse (11), angebrachten elastischen Ringes bzw. einer Manschette (12) zu schieben, wobei das vorzugsweise abgeschrägte Ende (13) der Hülse (5) so in die Manschette bzw. den Ring (12) eingreift, daß dieser aufgeweitet wird und an der Innenseite der Tube (3) anliegt und dieser im Rhythmus der Aufweitvorgangs dichtend folgt.According to FIG. 1, this device consists of a die (1) which is conically shaped on the inside and has air outlet openings (2). The tube (3) to be deformed, which in the drawing has already been applied to a mandrel (4), is located in the die (1) and on a sleeve (5) which is arranged on the mandrel (4) and is axially displaceable Return spring (6). The mandrel (4) is on his End equipped with a compressed air connection, which is connected by a hollow shaft (7) with outlet channels (8). The wall of the sleeve (5) also has outlet channels (9), the outlet openings of the dome and the sleeve having to be dimensioned such that sufficient pressure can be exerted through the opening (9) of the sleeve to deform the tube ( 3), but on the other hand there is sufficient pressure in the space (10) between the mandrel (4) and the sleeve (5) to overcome the spring action of the sleeve (5) and this in the direction of the on the mandrel (4), for example by means of a clamping sleeve (11), attached elastic ring or a sleeve (12), the preferably bevelled end (13) of the sleeve (5) engaging in the sleeve or the ring (12) in such a way that it widens is and lies on the inside of the tube (3) and this follows sealingly to the rhythm of the expansion process.

Die rechte Seite der Zeichnung (1') zeigt dabei die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in Ruhestellung, während auf der linken Seite die Vorrichtung in Arbeitsstellung (1") wiedergegeben ist.The right side of the drawing (1 ') shows the device according to the invention in the rest position, while on the left side the device is shown in the working position (1 ").

Die Figur 1 a stellt einen Ausschnitt aus de Figur 1 dar, wobei die Wirkungsweise des elastischen Ringes bzw. der Manschette (12) noch besser verdeutlicht wird.FIG. 1 a represents a section from FIG. 1, the mode of operation of the elastic ring or the sleeve (12) being made even clearer.

Claims (4)

1. Method for the conical expanding of metal tubes by introducing the cylindrical metal tube (3) being on a mandrel (4) fitted with compressed air supplies into a movable die being conically shaped in the interior and expanding said tube conically by compressed air, characterized by bringing the tube (3) with its open end onto an axially movable sleeve (5) having spring tension which embraces the mandrel (4) and moving it with the die (1) towards an elastic ring (12) or an elastic collar (12) embracing the mandrel (4) air-tight until said elastic ring or collar (12) is fitted close with its exterior surface to the interior surface of the open end of said tube (3), then introducing compressed air through the openings (8) in the mandrel (4) exerting pressure through the openings (9) in the side wall of the sleeve (5) onto the interior tube walls and expanding it under overcoming of the spring tension axially towards the elastic ring or collar (12) moving it with its end according to the rhythm of the conical expansion until the exterior surface of the conical expanded tube (3) has attained the interior surface of said die (1).
2. Apparatus for the conical expanding of metal tubes, comprising a die (1) being conically shaped in the interior and having air outlets (2), and a mandrel (4) having a joint for compressed air inlet on its end and having a hollow shaft (7) being in communication with circumferential outlets (8), characterized by an axially movable sleeve (5) being arranged on the mandrel (4) and surrounded by the tube (3) to be expanded and having a return spring (6) and a side wall with at least one outlet (9), whereby the outlets of the mandrel and the sleeve are arranged in such a manner to exert enough pressure through the opening(s) (9) of the sleeve to perform expansion of the tube (3) but also keep enough pressure in the space (10) between mandrel (4) and sleeve (5) to overcome the spring tension of sleeve (5) and to move said sleeve (5) in direction of an elastic ring or collar (12) surrounding the mandrel (4) air-tight, e.g. by an elastic sleeve (11), and the end (3) of the sleeve (5) penetrating into the collar or ring (12) to expand it adjoining hermetically to the interior surface of the tube (3) and spreading according to the rhythm of the expanding process.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, whereby the end (13) of the sleeve (5) penetrating into the elastic ring (12) during the expanding process is bevelled outside.
4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, whereby the end of the elastic ring (12) directed to the sleeve (5) is bevelled inside.
EP19790101119 1978-05-10 1979-04-12 Method and apparatus for the conical expanding of metal tubes Expired EP0005194B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT3394/78 1978-05-10
AT339478A AT354224B (en) 1978-05-10 1978-05-10 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR CONICAL EXPANSION OF METAL TUBES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0005194A2 EP0005194A2 (en) 1979-11-14
EP0005194A3 EP0005194A3 (en) 1979-12-12
EP0005194B1 true EP0005194B1 (en) 1980-11-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790101119 Expired EP0005194B1 (en) 1978-05-10 1979-04-12 Method and apparatus for the conical expanding of metal tubes

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EP (1) EP0005194B1 (en)
AT (1) AT354224B (en)
DE (1) DE2960043D1 (en)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2731827A (en) * 1956-01-24 loomis
FR2046012A5 (en) * 1969-03-18 1971-03-05 Scalgp

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Publication number Publication date
DE2960043D1 (en) 1981-02-05
ATA339478A (en) 1979-05-15
EP0005194A2 (en) 1979-11-14
AT354224B (en) 1979-12-27
EP0005194A3 (en) 1979-12-12

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