EP0004803A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur automatischen Erzeugung von Schnee - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur automatischen Erzeugung von Schnee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0004803A2
EP0004803A2 EP79400170A EP79400170A EP0004803A2 EP 0004803 A2 EP0004803 A2 EP 0004803A2 EP 79400170 A EP79400170 A EP 79400170A EP 79400170 A EP79400170 A EP 79400170A EP 0004803 A2 EP0004803 A2 EP 0004803A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
snow
ambient air
value
detectors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79400170A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0004803A3 (en
EP0004803B1 (de
Inventor
Daniel Marius Jean Armand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PASQUIER ARMAND RENE
Original Assignee
Pasquier Armand Rene
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pasquier Armand Rene filed Critical Pasquier Armand Rene
Publication of EP0004803A2 publication Critical patent/EP0004803A2/de
Publication of EP0004803A3 publication Critical patent/EP0004803A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0004803B1 publication Critical patent/EP0004803B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water
    • F25C2303/0481—Snow making by using means for spraying water with the use of compressed air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical sector of artificial snow cover for tracks for sports use.
  • Snow generators have been used to spray water in droplets entrained by an air flow over several tens of meters. During their movement, they freeze to become crystals constituting snow.
  • the heat to be removed from the water is absorbed by the ambient air and by the evaporation of part of the droplets.
  • the ambient air temperature must therefore be negative and its relative humidity as low as possible.
  • certain spraying means make it possible to vary the size of the droplets making it possible to make them as small as possible at high temperatures close to 0 ° C.
  • Existing snow generators spray the water and protect the droplets in the ambient air. They differ mainly by their spraying means. Some use high-speed compressed air, which mixes with water in a nozzle, sprays and projects the droplets. Others spray the water by sprinklers arranged on an O-tube or by centrifugation; the droplets are entrained by an air flow created by a fan.
  • snow cannons These different snow generators, called snow cannons, are arranged on the track and are moved on it so that the snow produced is distributed evenly on the track.
  • Compressed air guns require two supplies: one for compressed air and the other for water, fluids brought in by flexible pipes connected to pipes located along the runway. The quantities of compressed air involved make its production very expensive. Fan cannons require a water supply and some require an electrical supply. Their weight makes them difficult to handle on the ground.
  • the staff must be very competent and very vigilant despite the difficult working conditions. If the settings are incorrect, the snow will either be too dry, therefore difficult to compact and insufficiently resistant to wear by the skis, or too wet then turning into unpleasant and dangerous ice to ski. It often happens that at the end of the day it cannot be predicted whether the night temperature will be low enough. Officials hesitate to mobilize the necessary personnel who will wait in vain all night for the temperature close to 0 ° C to drop below -4 ° C. The binding operating conditions, the inci operating teeth due to frost and night work entail a very high operating cost.
  • the droplets must be dispersed in a large volume of air which must be renewed.
  • the spray seat is punctual on existing guns which requires the production of a high flow of air at the spray seat so that the droplets are quickly dispersed in a turbulent air space which nevertheless remains very limited and which thereby limits the flow of freezable water.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks. To this end, it relates to a fully automated method of making snow by which the putting into operation or stopping of existing snow cannons or of the snow generator, object of the present invention, the regulation of the flow rate of water to be frozen, if necessary, the adjustment of the spraying means and the adjustment of any means for increasing evaporation are subject to the natural elements on which they depend and which are the temperature, the relative humidity, the speed and direction of movement of the ambiant air. Provision is also made for servo-control of the anti-freeze means in the pipe over the orifices and on the moving parts, servo-control of the motorized drain valve and possibly servo-operation of the fans to increase the air renewal. and the operation of the means for contaminating the droplets with glaciogenic particles.
  • the invention also includes the apparatuses which allow the implementation of such a method and which consist at least on the one hand of a regulation-compensation assembly comprising the temperature measurement detectors rature of the ambient air, its relative humidity, its speed and direction of movement, the water flow measurement detector, possibly a humidity detector of the crystal cloud or of the snow produced or of the density of the manufactured snow, one or more separate or non-progressive regulators-compensators with proportional and / or integral behavior or all-or-nothing or floating action, the adjustment control members or interlocking and tripping and, linked to the latter, on the other hand means for automatic adjustment of the water flow rate, spraying means, anti-freeze means, draining means as well as optional means such as a system for producing glaciogenic particles, means for increasing the rate of renewal of the ambient air.
  • a regulation-compensation assembly comprising the temperature measurement detectors rature of the ambient air, its relative humidity, its speed and direction of movement, the water flow measurement detector, possibly a humidity detector of the crystal cloud or of
  • Figure 1 shows the diagram illustrating the variation of the water content of 1000 m 3 of saturated air in function tion of temperatures
  • the amount of heat to subtract from the water to freeze it is its heat of fusion, i.e. 80 Kcàl / kg. While the droplets are freezing, the temperature of the droplet-crystal-air-water vapor mixture is constant and equal to 0 ° C.
  • Figure 1 shows the variation in water content per 1000 m 3 of saturated air, as a function of temperatures.
  • 1 0 0 0 m at O ° C, 100% saturated can contain 4.87 kg of water vapor.
  • dQ dQa + dQ evap.
  • dQ 2971 (1 - e) + (167 xe + 264) t per 1000 m 3 of air at temperature -t and whose relative humidity is e.
  • the invention provides, as a variant, the establishment, as laws of variation to be introduced into the electronic compensating regulator, of curves whose equations would be deduced from that of the actual curve of variation of the water vapor content per unit of volume. depending on its temperature.
  • FIG. 3 A first embodiment of the method appears in FIG. 3 representing the water supply to a spraying boom 1 by a discharge motor pump 2.
  • An electronic regulation-compensation assembly 3 will be provided. rer the setting of the flow rate of water to be frozen corresponding to the ambient air flow rate determined by its normal speed at the mean section 5 of the droplet mist, normal speed measured by the anemometric detector 4 and the wind vane detector 6.
  • the adjustment of the pumped water flow rate is obtained by the valve 7 arranged on a bypass 8.
  • This valve is actuated by a servo-motor 9 called a control member which receives an electrical signal from the regulator-compensator 3 corresponding to each temperature and relative humidity of the air, a set value of the water flow according to the laws of correspondence represented by the curves 10 of figure 2.
  • the air temperature is measured by the temperature detector 11 and its relative humidity by the detector 13; their electrical signal is transmitted to the regulator-compensator 3.
  • a first improvement provides that the water flow is controlled by the flow meter detector 12a which measures it and which sends a signal corresponding to the regulator-compensator 3; the latter compares it to the set value and translates into a control signal the difference between this set value, varying with total cold, and the actual value measured by the flow meter 12a.
  • This control signal is amplified by the compensating regulator 3 which sends it in the form of a control order to the drive motor 9 actuating the adjustment valve 7 in order to make the correction necessary for the cancellation of this difference.
  • the regulator-compensator 3 controls the switching on or off all-or-nothing of the water supply member which is the discharge motor pump 2 in figure 3, but which can be the regulating valve in the case of a gravity feed.
  • FIG. 4 is presented another example of water supply by discharge provided by a variable-flow motor-pump obtained by a rotational speed variator 14.
  • the latter receives the control commands from the regulator-compensator 3 for switching it on or off, for its speed variation causing the setpoint variation of the water flow as a function of the air temperature and humidity, finally for regulating the water flow to a value given instruction.
  • the member for adjusting the water flow rate can be a three-way distribution valve 17 actuated by a servo motor 18, controlled by the regulator 3.
  • a motorized three-way valve can regulate, vary the flow and supply the snow generators 1; it is also possible to add to it one or more motorized valves which will also be controlled by the regulator-compensator 3, by continuous or discontinuous action.
  • the means of water supply by discharge will generally be located near the water catchment sites. Water will circulate in a pipe between this point and the sprayer boom 1.
  • the regulator-compensator 3 regulates the water flow by progressive action with proportional-integral behavior. It is possible to use a flow control system with discontinuous "all-or-nothing" or “floating” action, or with only “proportional” or “integral” behavior with or without “derivative” behavior. If it is with discontinuous action, it can be envisaged that the stroke of the adjustment valve could take on predetermined positions, corresponding to values of this determined total cold; the variation will be in staircase.
  • the regulator-compensator 3 can cumulatively control the total opening or closing of the valves 19 arranged in parallel so that it orders by all-or-nothing action on the members 20, l opening of a number of valves 19 allowing a flow rate corresponding to the total cold measured by the detectors 11 and 13 to pass.
  • the electronic regulation-compensation assembly can be made up of a single device ensuring all the functions of switching on or off the various materials, regulation and compensation for the displacement of the set value of the water flow. It can also consist of several interconnected devices. For example, the flow regulation, the switching on or off functions are ensured by a regulator with which a compensator is associated which acts on the measuring bridge of the regulator by supplying it with the set value according to the laws of correspondence. Other combinations can be envisaged depending on the materials used.
  • the regulation-compensation assembly is located either near the sprayer boom 1, or near the water pumping system.
  • the measurement detectors are placed on or in the element object of the measurement.
  • the transmission of the measurement signals is done by conductors, by radio wave or by light wave.
  • the installation is put into operation when the flow rate of sprayable water which can be frozen will be, for example, at least 25 liters / hour for 1000 m / h of air.
  • the other quantities can be defined on the basis of this data.
  • the installation begins to operate when the air temperature is 0 ° C and the relative humidity is less than or equal to 30%, or even when at a relative humidity of 90%, the temperature decreasing, reaches -4.1 ° C.
  • the latter can be defined either by approximate evaluation and considered as constant, or by the determination of the speed Vu 21 deduced from the speed V 22 by the measurements of the detectors 4 and 6.
  • the variation of the air flow causes a variation in the set value of the water flow rate which results in a translation parallel to the axis of the flow rates of the correspondence curves and of their concurrency point 23, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the anemometric detector 4 When the speed of movement of the ambient air is such that the crystal mist is entrained outside the area to be snowed, the anemometric detector 4 will control the stopping of the installation or prohibit its starting up.
  • a variant of the invention provides for measuring the "wet" temperature, that is to say that indicated by a thermometer, the bulb of which would be covered with gauze saturated with water and placed in an air flow bringing continuously l ambient air on the wick of gauze to maintain the phenomenon of evaporation.
  • the "wet" temperature detector translates the total cold due to heat exchanges with the air and to evaporation.
  • a single law of correspondence represented by a single curve is introduced into the regulator-compensator 3.
  • the wet temperature detector will replace the two detectors 11 and 13.
  • a variant of the regulation system can be implemented by using a characteristic of the snow produced as a quantity to be adjusted, for example its humidity or its density also called density.
  • the latter is measured by the density detector 12b placed properly. It can be recorded by direct or indirect measurement.
  • the density detector 12b sends the measurement signal to the regulator 3 which compares it with a value fixed in advance, called the reference value, by example a density of 0.4.
  • the regulator 3 measures the difference between the measured value and the set value, translates it into an electrical signal, amplifies it and sends it as a control signal from the regulating member, for example the valves 7, 17, 19 or the variator 14 which will modify the water flow rate in order to obtain the desired snow density 0.4.
  • This quantity is also representative of total cold.
  • a flow detector 12a can be added which sends a signal to the regulator 3 so that it checks the value of the corrected flow.
  • Apparatus 36 described below ensures the engagement or triggering of accessory apparatus and in particular the means for increasing the freezing performance. It receives a control signal from the flow meter 12a.
  • the regulator-compensator 3 acts on the member for adjusting the water flow (valve or variator 14 of the motor-pump) in two ways.
  • the first consists of the regulator-compensator 3 acting on the flow regulating member, to vary the water flow as a function of total cold according to the laws of correspondence of FIG. 2 by exploiting the signals from the detectors 4, 6, 11 and 13 in accordance with the description which was made above.
  • the second is for the regulator-compensator 3 to act on the regulating member to ensure the regulation of the water flow as a function of a characteristic of the snow, for example its density in accordance with the description which was made previously;
  • the density detector 12b supplies the regulator-compensator 3 with the signal of the measurement carried out which will be compared with the set value set in advance and the difference of which will be translated into an adjustment signal in order to cancel this difference.
  • the flow detector 12a allows the regulator-compensator 3 to control the value of the actual flow.
  • the present invention also includes an apparatus for manufacturing snow made up of a spraying boom 1 shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6.
  • This boom can be made up of several pipes connected either in bypass and in antennas as in Figures 3 , 5 and 6 or a mesh network as in Figure 7. It can also consist of a single pipe arranged in a rectilinear manner as in Figure 8 or arranged in a serpentine as in Figure 9 or arranged in any other configuration.
  • This ramp is arranged above the ground at a height allowing the droplets to freeze during their fall to the ground.
  • the pipe (s) is supported by a metal frame support or by a carrying cable fixed to pylons or rocky escarpments as seen in Figure 10. It can be installed above a track by being carried by cables themselves moored to pylons as seen in Figure 11. It can be permanently installed or be removable.
  • the snow thus produced can be stored in one or more heaps to then be taken up by a transport device in order to be transferred to the slopes. It can also be manufactured directly on the track as seen in Figure 11.
  • the spraying of water is obtained either by nozzles 25 fixed to the water pipe or, as in FIG. 12B, by holes 26 of small diameter obtained by drilling the pipe.
  • these are continuously heated during the period of operation, by an electrical resistor 27 whether or not wound around the pipe.
  • Its power supply is controlled from the regulator-compensator 3 via a relay-contactor device 28 shown in Figure 3. After stopping the installation a delay device keeps the electrical supply to the resistor for a time allowing the pipe to drain completely.
  • the pipeline can be wrapped with a thermal insulation coating 29 as shown in FIG. 12B.
  • the water line will be arranged so that its profile has only one low point at the location of which will be arranged a motorized drain valve 30. Its control member 31 will open or close it completely by receiving a signal from the regulator-compensator 3.
  • the invention also includes the improvements making it possible to increase the freezing performance. These are the fans 24 already described. It is also possible to install an enclosure 32 shown in FIG. 10, in a fine-meshed net completely or partially encircling the area to be snowed in order to vertically direct the movement of air and protect the mist of droplets from the wind which could cause it. outside the area to be snowed. To reduce the duration of supercooling state of the droplets, it is envisaged to diffuse glaciogenic particles brought in pneumatic transport by the pipe 33. The operation of this device is controlled by the regulator-compensator 3.
  • the invention provides a variant for controlling the accessory equipment using as information the water supply of the spraying means.
  • a water circulation detector for example the flow meter 12a or another flow meter or a pressure gauge placed near the spraying means, is connected to an apparatus 36. The latter under the action of the signal from the circulation detector of water 12a controls the switching on or off of devices 24 and 33, of the drain valve 30 of the electrical supply of the anti-freeze resistance 27 and of the compressor 34. The adjustment of the compressed air flow will remain controlled by the regulator-compensator 3.
  • the present invention provides for the adjustment of the water flow rate and of their accessory means, of the various existing snow cannons.
  • the operation of the compressed air snow gun (s) 43 is made fully automatic by virtue of the regulation-compensation assembly 3.
  • a water pipe 37 is installed.
  • a compressed air line 38 fitted with fittings 39 and 40 placed at regular intervals to which flexible pipes 41 and 42 are connected supplying the snow cannon 43.
  • a multi-pair conductor 44 along which are provided next to the connections 39 and 40 sockets 45 to which are connected measurement detectors 4, 6, 11 and 13.
  • the latter transmit their electrical measurement signals to the regulation-compensation assembly 3 which will act on the regulating member 7 of the water flow and on that of the compressed air flow 46 and which will ensure the engagement or tripping of the motor-pump 2 and the air compressor 47.
  • the adjustment of the compressed air flow can also be carried out by the action of the regulator-compensator 3 which will engage cumulatively, as a function of the temperatures and ambient air humidity, several compressors.
  • a fan snow cannon 48 also operates in a fully automatic manner thanks to the regulation-compensation assembly.
  • the fan 49 creates the air flow for driving the droplets; it is actuated by an electric motor 50 or by a heat engine.
  • the barrel is supplied with water in a manner identical to the example in FIG. 14.
  • An electric cable 51 supplies the motor 50 and any accessories for the snow cannon 48.
  • the regulator-compensator 3 varies the water flow rate. It will also cause the switching on or off of the contactor relay 52 enabling the cable 51 to be electrically supplied.
  • the different variants of regulation-compensation and the different variants of water supply can apply to the operation of existing snow cannons which can be used on the slopes to snow them directly but which can also be used for the constitution of a or several piles of snow in a chosen place.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
EP19790400170 1978-03-31 1979-03-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur automatischen Erzeugung von Schnee Expired EP0004803B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7810688 1978-03-31
FR7810688A FR2421353A1 (fr) 1978-03-31 1978-03-31 Procede et dispositif de fabrication automatique de neige

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EP0004803A2 true EP0004803A2 (de) 1979-10-17
EP0004803A3 EP0004803A3 (en) 1979-10-31
EP0004803B1 EP0004803B1 (de) 1983-04-27

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DE (1) DE2965263D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2421353A1 (de)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0018280A2 (de) * 1979-04-20 1980-10-29 Le Froid Industriel York S.A. Hochdruckschneekanone und Batterie solcher Schneekanonen
EP0089590A1 (de) * 1982-03-22 1983-09-28 Stig L. Albertsson Maschine zum Erzeugen von Schnee
FR2573854A1 (fr) * 1984-11-27 1986-05-30 York Froid Ind Perfectionnement aux dispositifs d'alimentation de canons a neige dans les installations d'enneigement artificiel de pistes de ski
US4593854A (en) * 1984-04-25 1986-06-10 Albertsson Stig L Snow-making machine
US4597524A (en) * 1982-03-22 1986-07-01 Albertsson Stig L Snow making machine
FR2579732A1 (fr) * 1985-03-27 1986-10-03 Ene Ste Civile Dispositifs et procedes de fabrication de neige artificielle
EP0206705A1 (de) * 1985-06-19 1986-12-30 Louis Handfield Maschine zur Schneerzeugung
FR2609327A1 (fr) * 1987-01-06 1988-07-08 Delas Sa Entreprise Procede perfectionne de fabrication de neige artificielle
WO1989012793A1 (en) * 1988-06-22 1989-12-28 Clulow Malcom George Snow making equipment
FR2634663A1 (fr) * 1988-07-29 1990-02-02 Lagier Jacques Installation d'enneigement artificiel pour pistes de ski
WO1991011669A1 (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-08-08 Ratnik Industries, Inc. Automated snow-making system
EP0461160A1 (de) * 1989-03-01 1991-12-18 FRENCH, Andrew Boyd Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von ersatzschnee
US5180106A (en) * 1990-04-24 1993-01-19 Turbines S.M.S. Inc. Snow making machine
EP0605824A1 (de) * 1992-12-23 1994-07-13 Manfred Weinrich Schneekanone
FR2700835A1 (fr) * 1993-01-26 1994-07-29 Technip Cie Procédé et installation de production de neige.
EP0787960A2 (de) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-06 Luciano Marcantoni Hochleistungsschnee-Erzeuger
ES2125128A1 (es) * 1995-03-09 1999-02-16 Antonio Casado Y Cia S A A C Y Sistema de produccion de nieve artificial.
WO2003036198A1 (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-05-01 Acer Snowmec Limited Snow making
EP4095464B1 (de) 2021-05-28 2023-11-08 Technoalpin Holding S.p.A. System und verfahren für die emission von künstlichem schnee mit windverfolgbarkeit

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI67444C (fi) * 1982-12-17 1985-03-11 Waertsilae Oy Ab Foerfarande foer framstaellning av modellis
FR2703264B1 (fr) * 1993-03-30 1995-07-28 York France Sa Buse de pulvérisation et dispositif de pulvérisation d'un mélange d'eau et d'air utilisant ladite buse.

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1337141A (fr) * 1962-06-15 1963-09-06 Amf Overseas Corp Générateur de neige
FR1437437A (fr) * 1964-01-31 1966-05-06 Rohrenwerk U Pumpenfabrik Rudo Dispositif pour produire de la neige artificielle
FR1599765A (de) * 1967-09-08 1970-07-20
US3543906A (en) * 1967-08-21 1970-12-01 Edward J Buxton Solenoid controlled printing hammer mechanism

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3513906A (en) * 1968-12-19 1970-05-26 Dexter Richards Snow making machine for ski trails and the like

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1337141A (fr) * 1962-06-15 1963-09-06 Amf Overseas Corp Générateur de neige
FR1437437A (fr) * 1964-01-31 1966-05-06 Rohrenwerk U Pumpenfabrik Rudo Dispositif pour produire de la neige artificielle
US3543906A (en) * 1967-08-21 1970-12-01 Edward J Buxton Solenoid controlled printing hammer mechanism
FR1599765A (de) * 1967-09-08 1970-07-20

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0018280A2 (de) * 1979-04-20 1980-10-29 Le Froid Industriel York S.A. Hochdruckschneekanone und Batterie solcher Schneekanonen
EP0018280A3 (en) * 1979-04-20 1981-01-07 Le Froid Industriel York S.A. High pressure snow gun and battery of such snow guns
EP0089590A1 (de) * 1982-03-22 1983-09-28 Stig L. Albertsson Maschine zum Erzeugen von Schnee
US4597524A (en) * 1982-03-22 1986-07-01 Albertsson Stig L Snow making machine
US4593854A (en) * 1984-04-25 1986-06-10 Albertsson Stig L Snow-making machine
FR2573854A1 (fr) * 1984-11-27 1986-05-30 York Froid Ind Perfectionnement aux dispositifs d'alimentation de canons a neige dans les installations d'enneigement artificiel de pistes de ski
EP0187563A1 (de) * 1984-11-27 1986-07-16 Le Froid Industriel York S.A. Speisevorrichtungen für Schnee-Erzeuger in Anlagen für künstliche Schneeversorgung von Skipisten
WO1986005864A1 (fr) * 1985-03-27 1986-10-09 Pierre Chanel Dispositif et procede de fabrication de neige artificielle
FR2579732A1 (fr) * 1985-03-27 1986-10-03 Ene Ste Civile Dispositifs et procedes de fabrication de neige artificielle
US4836446A (en) * 1985-03-27 1989-06-06 Pierre Chanel Device and method for producing artificial snow
EP0206705A1 (de) * 1985-06-19 1986-12-30 Louis Handfield Maschine zur Schneerzeugung
FR2609327A1 (fr) * 1987-01-06 1988-07-08 Delas Sa Entreprise Procede perfectionne de fabrication de neige artificielle
WO1989012793A1 (en) * 1988-06-22 1989-12-28 Clulow Malcom George Snow making equipment
GR890100412A (en) * 1988-06-22 1990-05-11 George Malkom Clulow Snow production equipment
US5230218A (en) * 1988-06-22 1993-07-27 Clulow Malcolm G Snow making equipment
FR2634663A1 (fr) * 1988-07-29 1990-02-02 Lagier Jacques Installation d'enneigement artificiel pour pistes de ski
EP0461160A1 (de) * 1989-03-01 1991-12-18 FRENCH, Andrew Boyd Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von ersatzschnee
EP0798520A3 (de) * 1989-03-01 1998-10-14 Technologies International Pty Limited Polar Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee
EP0461160A4 (en) * 1989-03-01 1992-01-15 Andrew Boyd French Snowmaking method and device
EP1065456A1 (de) * 1989-03-01 2001-01-03 Polar Technologies International Pty Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schnee
WO1991011669A1 (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-08-08 Ratnik Industries, Inc. Automated snow-making system
US5180106A (en) * 1990-04-24 1993-01-19 Turbines S.M.S. Inc. Snow making machine
EP0605824A1 (de) * 1992-12-23 1994-07-13 Manfred Weinrich Schneekanone
FR2700835A1 (fr) * 1993-01-26 1994-07-29 Technip Cie Procédé et installation de production de neige.
US5445320A (en) * 1993-01-26 1995-08-29 Technip Method of and equipment for snow production
EP0609140A1 (de) * 1993-01-26 1994-08-03 Compagnie Francaise D'etudes Et De Construction "Technip" Verfahren und Anlage zur Schnee-Erzeugung
ES2125128A1 (es) * 1995-03-09 1999-02-16 Antonio Casado Y Cia S A A C Y Sistema de produccion de nieve artificial.
EP0787960A2 (de) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-06 Luciano Marcantoni Hochleistungsschnee-Erzeuger
EP0787960A3 (de) * 1996-02-02 1998-10-14 Luciano Marcantoni Hochleistungsschnee-Erzeuger
WO2003036198A1 (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-05-01 Acer Snowmec Limited Snow making
US7062926B2 (en) 2001-10-23 2006-06-20 Acer Snowmec Limited Snow making
US7269959B2 (en) 2001-10-23 2007-09-18 Acer Snowmec Limited Snow making
EP4095464B1 (de) 2021-05-28 2023-11-08 Technoalpin Holding S.p.A. System und verfahren für die emission von künstlichem schnee mit windverfolgbarkeit

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FR2421353A1 (fr) 1979-10-26
FR2421353B1 (de) 1980-10-03
EP0004803A3 (en) 1979-10-31
EP0004803B1 (de) 1983-04-27
DE2965263D1 (en) 1983-06-01

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