EA042809B1 - METHOD FOR WATER PURIFICATION AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a water purification method that improves the biological and chemical composition of the medium to be purified. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method.

Known methods for purifying liquid media, such as drinking water, are relatively difficult to implement and require complex devices in which the purification of the liquid is carried out separately in terms of its biological and chemical composition. In addition, in the prior art, liquids are processed in a homogenized state of matter and at a pressure equal to or greater than ambient pressure. Therefore, complex, large and expensive installations are required, the size of which increases rapidly with the volume of the treated liquid.

The present invention is based on the task of creating a water purification method in which the disadvantages of the known solutions are eliminated. The objective of the invention is also to create a device for implementing the above method.

The solution of the mentioned problem of the present invention is achieved due to the features set forth in the distinctive part of the independent claims. 1 and 3 claims. The details of the invention are disclosed in the respective dependent claims.

The invention is further described in detail as a non-limiting embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a water purification device, FIG. 2 shows part of the device illustrated in FIG. 1.

The purification process begins with the supply of water to be purified, having a first flow rate Q1 and an inlet pressure p1, through the supply line 1. The homogenized liquid is sent through a downstream filtering means 2 in which large particles are removed from the water and the water is purified in the stream. At the outlet of the filtration means 2, the first stage of hydrodynamic cavitation of the purified water occurs, while by reducing the free section of the filtration means 2, the flow rate is reduced to the second speed Q2.

Then, water previously purified in the described manner and having a second flow rate Q2 and pressure p1 is passed through a diffusion means 3 located downstream of the filtering means 2. The dispersion means 3 comprises at least one nozzle through which water enters the cleaning chamber 4 via the supply line 1 . At the outlet of at least one nozzle, hydrodynamic cavitation of the purified water occurs in the purification chamber 4 with the formation of at least one jet of water with a high content of cavitation bubbles. The water flowing out of the chamber 4 creates a lower operating pressure p ₂ in the chamber 4 than the supply water pressure p1 and at the same time lower than the ambient pressure, as a result of which ambient oxygen or air is sucked into the chamber 4.

In chamber 4 there is a strong hydrodynamic cavitation and a simultaneous collapse of the cavitation bubbles, combined with strong aeration under pressure. By collapsing the cavitation bubbles in the reduced pressure environment, a strong dispersion of the liquid, a strong oxidation of contaminants in the water and a predominant removal of gases from the liquid are achieved. Fluid dispersion and reduced pressure cause an increase in the liquid surface in the flow through chamber 4.

Therefore, gases and impurities, which are oxides, are removed from the liquid to be purified. In the changed state of aggregation, which is the result of said hydrodynamic cavitation, a pressure lower than the ambient pressure, and the supply of oxygen or air, the dissociation of liquid molecules occurs, which significantly increases the surface of the liquid to be purified. The result is an excellent disinfection of said liquid and the elimination of various impurities.

Oxygen or air is supplied to the chamber 4 through at least one opening 5 in the wall of the chamber 4, which is located near the dispersion means 3. Accordingly, oxygen or air acts on the dissociated water molecules.

The operating pressure p ₂ in the chamber 4 destroys the cohesive bonds between the molecules of the purified water dispersed in the chamber 4, thereby making the liquid easily exposed to disinfectants. The operating pressure p ₂ depends on the oxygen or air entering the chamber 4 through at least one opening 5 and the cohesive force of the already purified liquid under pressure p ₃ that leaves the chamber 4 in a homogenized state through the outlet line 8. In the present invention it is provided that the pressures p1, p ₂ , p ₃ are in the following ratio: p1>p ₂ and p ₂ <p ₃ <p1.

Oxygen is used as the gas supplied to the chamber 4 through at least one opening 5. In addition, air is used as a mixture of gases supplied to the chamber 4 through at least one opening 5.

At a certain distance downstream relative to the dispersion means 3, there is a means 6 for homogenizing the purified liquid. At a certain distance downstream optionally located additional means 7 homogenization, which is associated with the first means 6 homogenization and which is connected to the outlet line 8 for the release of purified water.

As mentioned above, the invention provides that the diffuser 3 comprises,

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Claims (3)

at least one nozzle, through which cavitation of the purified water is achieved. Each nozzle is made converging in the direction of flow of the liquid being cleaned. In addition, each nozzle preferably has an internal section that tapers linearly in the direction of fluid flow. The length L of the chamber 4, when viewed in the direction of the flow of water to be purified, is approximately equal to the distance H between the lower surface of the dispersion means 3 and the top of an imaginary cone formed by the jet of liquid leaving the nozzle. In one of the preferred embodiments of the device according to the invention, the length L of the chamber 4 is from about 0.8xN to about 1.1xN. The section Az of at least one opening 5 or the sum of all openings 5 for supplying gas to the chamber 4 depends on the second velocity Q2 of the flow of the liquid to be purified flowing through the section At of at least one nozzle or the sum of all nozzles through which the liquid enters into chamber 4. In one of the preferred embodiments of the device according to the invention, the section Az is chosen as a power function of the second flow velocity Q2, i.e. ^00. The exponent n is preferably chosen in the range of about n=½ with a possible deviation of the order of ±15%. For example, it should be noted that at a flow rate of the liquid to be purified Q2=400 l/min, the surface Az of at least one hole 5 and, accordingly, the sum of all holes 5 for supplying gas or a mixture of gases into chamber 4 is 20 mm2 ±15%. The present invention provides that at least one oxygen or air supply port 5 is provided with a blocking means such as a valve or the like. In this way, the amount of oxygen or air supplied to the chamber 4 and the pressure p2 are regulated. In addition, the present invention provides that the homogenizing means 6 has smaller through holes than the filtering means 2 and, accordingly, the additional homogenizing means 7. In addition, the present invention provides that the purified liquid flows out of the chamber 4 through the outlet line 8 by gravity. However, an embodiment is possible in which the outlet line 8 is connected to exchange water with an injection means which forcibly displaces the purified liquid. The method and device for its implementation are widely used in many fields, such as purification of drinking, industrial, agricultural and waste water. The method and apparatus are useful for reducing scale formation, destroying microorganisms in water, killing Legionella bacteria and pesticides in water, removing organic and inorganic contaminants from water, improving the effectiveness of disinfectants added to water, and the like. In addition, the method and device significantly reduce the turbidity of water and improve its taste and smell. In addition, it turned out that the method according to the invention provides the formation of scale in the form of aragonite, and not calcite. CLAIM 1) the supply of water to be treated, having a first flow rate Q1 and an inlet pressure p1 in the supply line, 1. A method of water purification, characterized in that it includes the following stages: 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating pressure p ₂ is lower than the ambient pressure. 2) removal of coarse particles in the filtration medium located downstream of the water and the direction of the flow, 3) implementation of the first stage of hydrodynamic cavitation of the purified water at the outlet of the filtration means, while the water flow slows down to the second speed Q2, 4) directing the water to be purified, having a second flow rate Q2 and an inlet pressure p1, through a dispersion means containing at least one nozzle and located downstream than the filtering means, 5) dispersion of the purified water through at least one nozzle into the water purification chamber, in which the operating pressure p ₂ is maintained, where the second stage of hydrodynamic cavitation takes place, 6) supplying oxygen or air to the water purification chamber through at least one inlet in the chamber, 7) supply of dispersed purified water to the downstream homogenization means, 8) discharge and degassing of purified water having a discharge pressure p3 along the outlet line, while the pressures p1, p ₂ , p ₃ are in the following ratio: p1>p ₂ and p ₂ < p ₃ < p ₁ . 3. A device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1, 2, characterized in that it contains a supply line (1) for supplying purified water with a filtration means (2) located on it, made with the possibility of hydrodynamic cavitation at its outlet, and dispersion means (3) comprising at least one nozzle configured to carry out hydrodynamic cavitation in the cleaning chamber and located downstream relative to -