EA042781B1 - DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND BUFFER DRAINAGE COLLECTOR - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drainage system and a buffer drainage collector (drainage drainage system).

Due to the development of territories, significant damage is caused to the balance of groundwater. In addition, running surface water or rain water must be drained and fed to the treatment plant. Of particular concern are cases of heavy rain, which can lead to flooding in urban areas with great damage. It is in such extreme situations that surface water or rain water must be reliably drained.

It is known to use infiltration devices that allow surface water or rainwater to seep into the ground. Infiltration devices, such as buffer drains, are buried in the ground and can receive large volumes of surface water, which can then drain into the ground.

From EP 1 764 446 A1 it is known to pass rainwater through a storage buffer drainage collector to be laid underground. Under the storage buffer drainage reservoir, a liquid-permeable distribution device should be additionally provided, the surface extent of which is greater than the bearing surface of the storage buffer drainage reservoir. Due to this, the distribution of water received in the storage buffer drainage reservoir over a large surface should be ensured. Due to this, the performance of the storage buffer drainage reservoir is increased.

However, the above-described solution has the disadvantage that a large area must be processed in terms of construction technology in order to accommodate the switchgear. In addition, the capacity of the switchgear is also limited, so that flooding can occur in the event of very heavy rains. In addition, the switchgear may be damaged during laying, where the damage may not be easy to detect and maintenance is expensive.

Based on this, the object of the invention is to effectively prevent flooding in cases of heavy rain. The objective of the invention is primarily to improve the efficiency of infiltration devices. In addition, the object of the invention is primarily to simplify and improve the maintenance of drainage systems. First of all, early detection of problems in the drainage system should be possible.

This problem is solved in the drainage system according to claim 1 of the claims and in the buffer drainage collector according to claim 15 of the claims.

The problem is solved, first of all, in a drainage system containing:

at least one infiltration device, which is designed to receive fluid and allow it to seep into the soil, which is in hydrodynamic connection with at least one infiltration device, a storage device, which is designed to receive fluid from at least one infiltration device and give to the hydrodynamic system, the interface device, which is designed to receive sensor data and send them to the receiving unit, primarily to the server device.

at least one sensor connected with the possibility of data exchange with the interface device, first of all, an environmental sensor, for outputting sensor data, and at least one sensor is made in the form of a salt content sensor.

The use of a salt content sensor makes it possible to monitor the salt content in the medium discharged into the soil, which makes it possible to avoid groundwater overload with salt, especially in winter, when surfaces are treated with reagents.

A multi-stage drainage system is proposed, in which the fluid, if the infiltration device is fully loaded, is directed further into the storage device. In such a multi-stage drainage system, sensor data is recorded and sent to a receiving unit or to a server device. Due to this, the properties of the drainage system can be monitored at any time.

In addition to the salt content sensor, an additional sensor can also be used, in particular an environmental sensor, such as a temperature sensor, a sediment sensor, a flow sensor, a water level sensor, a rainfall sensor and/or a humidity sensor. Environmental sensors within the meaning of the invention can also be other sensors, such as sensors for determining position, position, voltage, or sensors for data binding, etc. It is conceivable that a wide variety of sensor types are used.

Therefore, it is possible to record a large number of different sensor data in order to provide extensive monitoring of the drainage system. With the help of the recorded sensor data, in particular an active rain zone, that is, an area in which there is a particularly high amount of rainfall, can be identified. You can also identify where the system accumulates a lot of water. Thus, it becomes possible to carry out targeted activities in order to improve the state of the system.

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In one embodiment, at least one sensor may be configured to detect and/or output sensor data at a substantially constant rate.

In the context of this application, a substantially constant frequency means a frequency that is constant minus the measurement accuracy. The measurement accuracy can be less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, and particularly preferably less than 1%, of the time interval taken as a basis.

Thus, at least one sensor may be configured to detect sensor data at regular time intervals. This time interval may be, for example, less than exactly one for, less than exactly half a day, less than exactly one hour, less than exactly 30 minutes, less than exactly one minute, less than exactly 30 s, or less than exactly 1 s.

This makes it possible to operate the at least one sensor in a particularly energy efficient manner. In this case, the choice of frequency can be specific to the sensor, since some environmental influences change more slowly, while other environmental influences change faster. That is, the frequency at which the at least one sensor detects and/or outputs sensor data can be determined taking into account environmental influences.

In one embodiment, at least one sensor may be configured to switch between a resting phase and an active phase, wherein the detection and/or output may only be performed in the active phase.

By switching between a resting phase and an active phase, energy can be further saved and the time period between battery replacements can be reduced. In addition, it is possible that sensor data is output only in every second active phase, or in every third active phase. For intermediate storage, at least one sensor may have a memory device. This can further save energy, since the output of sensor data is energy-intensive. In one embodiment, at least one sensor may be communicatively connected to an interface device via a wireless connection. The interface device and the at least one sensor may be connected to each other in an exchanging manner, for example, via a narrow band IoT connection, via a low energy bluetooth connection, or via a long range wide area network connection. In one embodiment, at least one sensor may be connected to the interface device via a wired connection. It may be provided, for example, an Ethernet connection.

At least one sensor and interface device may be located in a star network configuration. In one form of execution, the interface device may contain a SIM card and/or a SIM module for data exchange with the server device.

The at least one sensor or the environmental sensor may have a communication device for outputting sensor data, which may be configured for wireless and/or wired transmission of sensor data.

In one form of execution, at least one sensor can be located in at least one infiltration device and/or storage device, primarily at least partially in the shaft for maintenance of at least one infiltration device and/or storage device. devices.

In the embodiments described, it becomes possible to control the interior of the infiltration device and/or storage device. As a result, it can, for example, be established whether no more water flows off or whether no more water can flow.

In one embodiment, at least one infiltration device may have a first temperature sensor, and the storage device may have a second temperature sensor, wherein the infiltration device and the storage device may be located at different depth levels relative to the ground plane.

With the described embodiment, the ground temperature can be measured at different depth levels. In addition, it is possible to measure the water temperature at different depth levels. This is particularly advantageous in winter, since it can be determined how deep the freezing of the ground has reached.

In one embodiment, the system may comprise an additional sensor configured as a sediment sensor, primarily as an ultrasonic sensor, for detecting sediment in at least one infiltration device.

By providing a sediment sensor for detecting deposits in at least one infiltration device, it can be installed when the infiltration device can no longer perform its function. In this way, the technician can be informed in a simple way that the infiltration device is to be flushed. As a result, maintenance of the infiltration device is simplified.

In one embodiment, the sediment sensor may be located in the approach gallery of at least one infiltration device.

Due to the fact that the deposit sensor is provided in the approach gallery, maintenance of the deposit sensor is particularly easy. In addition, installation is simplified. By

- 2 042781 In addition, the location in the approach gallery is preferable, since the entire infiltration device can be controlled from there. For example, an ultrasonic sensor can detect all of the internal mechanisms of an infiltration device.

In one embodiment, the drainage system may comprise at least one non-return valve in the storage device and/or in the hydrodynamic system, in particular in the sewage system (sewage system), for blocking the backflow-creating fluid, in particular waste water.

With very heavy precipitation, it can happen that, due to the overloading of the hydrodynamic system, backwater occurs, so that fluid or waste water can penetrate into the infiltration device or into the storage device. This is effectively prevented in the infiltration device or storage device by means of a check valve.

In one embodiment, the drainage system may comprise at least one drainage device for draining surface and/or rain water, which may be in hydrodynamic connection with at least one infiltration device.

The drainage device can be provided primarily on the surface of the earth. At least one drainage device can be made, for example, in the form of a permeable ground plate or in the form of a drainage element, and the ground plate and / or drainage element can be designed so that at least one sensor, primarily an environmental sensor.

The drainage element can be designed in such a way that linear and/or point drainage of water is provided. To this end, point and/or linear openings can be provided that pass through the drainage element. Through these openings, rainwater can pass through, and thus the drainage of water is ensured. In one embodiment, point or line openings can pass through the drainage element across the ground plane.

The permeable ground plate or the drainage member has the advantage that rainwater can be efficiently directed towards the infiltration device. There is also no standing rainwater left on the surface of the earth. It is particularly advantageous if a sensor, for example an environmental sensor, can be mounted on the ground plate or else on the drainage element, so that other information, for example in relation to precipitation, can be recorded and transmitted to the interface via the sensor data.

In one embodiment, the ground plate and/or the drainage element may comprise a sensor receptacle, primarily a through hole for accommodating a sensor and/or an environmental sensor.

The through-hole provided in the ground plate is a particularly simple and structurally fast-produced sensor receptacle. This reduces production costs.

In one embodiment, the drainage system comprises a server device that can be communicatively connected to an interface device and is designed to receive sensor data.

A server device can also mean a large number of different servers, which can be located, for example, in a data center. Communication between the interface device and the server device may be via a wireless connection, such as a long range wide area network connection. However, it is also conceivable that a wired communication is used. To this end, the interface device and the server device may have corresponding communication devices. Various air interfaces such as LTE, UMTS or GSM are also considered as wireless interfaces for data transmission.

In one embodiment, the server device may have a computing device that may be configured to set simulation model parameters using sensor data and/or learn the simulation model.

It is particularly advantageous if the server device determines the parameters of the simulation model or learns it, so that the behavior of one and/or a large number or all components of the drainage system, in particular at least one infiltration device and/or storage device, can be determined or predicted. . In this case, the amount of water per unit of time can serve as an input parameter for the simulation model. The amount of water present in the infiltration device may be the output of the simulation model. However, it is also conceivable that other parameters of the infiltration device or storage device are defined as input data or output data of the simulation model.

In one embodiment, the simulation model may indicate the water level in at least one infiltration device and/or storage device depending on the amount of fluid introduced, especially wastewater.

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In addition, the problem is solved, first of all, in a buffer drainage reservoir for use in the drainage system described above as an infiltration device designed to receive a fluid and allow it to seep into the ground, containing:

the lower element of the buffer drainage reservoir, the upper element of the buffer drainage reservoir, spacers through which the lower and upper elements of the buffer drainage reservoir are connected to each other, and at least one salt content sensor is located on the lower and/or upper element of the buffer drainage reservoir to output sensor data.

The above-described, modular buffered drainage sump has the advantage that the sensor can be integrated directly into it. Due to the modular structure, manufacturing is facilitated, since in this way the sensor can be easily installed in the buffer drainage tank. Otherwise, a stable construction is obtained which is particularly suitable for being used in a drainage system, as described above.

Other embodiments follow from the dependent claims.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with the help of examples. The figures show:

fig. 1 - a drainage system in a schematic representation, fig. 2 is a perspective view of a large number of elements of a buffer drainage reservoir, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an element of a buffer drainage collector.

In the following, the same reference signs are used for the same and similar parts.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the drainage system 1. In the event of precipitation, rainwater is received through the gutter 21 and through the pipe 20 for collecting rainwater is directed further into the body 10 of the buffer drainage sump. In the pipe 20 for collecting rainwater is a flow sensor 6, which is designed to determine the amount of water flowing.

The flow sensor 6 is connected via a wireless connection to the interface device 51, which is located on the antenna mast 50. In order to transmit sensor data from the flow sensor 6 to the interface device 51, low power Bluetooth is used in the exemplary embodiment. The flow sensor 6 is designed to be turned on in an active state when rainwater flows through the rainwater collection pipe 20 . If rainwater does not flow through the rainwater collection pipe 20, the flow sensor 6 switches to a passive state in which no sensor data is detected or output. That is, the flow sensor 6 is designed to give an indication of the volumetric flow, that is, the volume of water that flows through the cross section of the rainwater collection pipe 20 in a time interval.

The body 10 of the buffer drainage collector is located with its upper side approximately 80 cm below the ground plane 2. The body 10 of the buffer drainage reservoir contains temperature sensors 11, 11', a salt content sensor 12 and a sediment sensor 14. The temperature sensors 11, 11' are located at different heights of the body 10 of the buffer drainage reservoir from the inside of the side wall. As a result, the temperature difference between the two temperature sensors 11, 11' can be determined. The salt content sensor 12 is configured to detect the salt content of the water which is received into the buffer drainage body 10 .

The buffer catchment body 10 is accessible from above the ground plane 2 through access 13 for maintenance of the buffer catchment. If dirt particles are deposited in the buffer catchment body 10, that is, deposits are formed, then the buffer catchment body 10 can be flushed through the buffer catchment access 13 for maintenance. In order to determine whether there are sediments in the sump body 10, a sediment sensor 14 is provided in the sump maintenance access 13 . In the exemplary embodiment shown, a sediment sensor 14 is used in the form of an ultrasonic sensor 14. The ultrasonic sensor 14 can, for example, measure whether the protective element surrounding the buffer drainage basin body 10 is clogged or is still permeable to water.

All sensors 11, 11', 12 and 14 of the sump body 10 are designed to output sensor data to the interface device 51 .

If the body 10 of the buffer drainage reservoir is filled with water, then the overflow water flows through the connecting conduit 5 into the storage device 30. In the connecting conduit 5, another flow sensor 6' is located, which transmits sensor data regarding the flowing amount of water to the interface device 51.

The storage device 30 collects not only the water overflowing past the buffer drain body 10 but also the water from the buffer drain body 40 . The body 40 of the buffer drainage reservoir is located with its upper side approximately 40 cm below

- 4 042781 plane 2 earth. Above the body 40 of the buffer drainage collector is a ground plate 9, which is made permeable. Rainwater penetrating from above through the ground plate 9 is placed in the body 40 of the buffer drainage reservoir. The buffer drain body 40 also includes a temperature sensor 41 and a salt content sensor 42 . In addition, the sump body 40 has a sediment sensor 44 which is located in the sump maintenance access 43 . In addition, the buffer drain body 40 has a water level sensor 45 that detects the current water level in the buffer drain body and transmits as sensor data to the interface device 51 .

The salt content sensor 42 provided in the body 40 of the buffer drainage reservoir is an advantage, since in winter the footpaths are often kept snow-free with salt, and therefore the waste water has a high salt content. To prevent overloading the groundwater with salt, it is necessary to regularly measure the salt content of the water that is injected into the ground.

The water overflowing through the body 40 of the buffer drainage reservoir is directed through the connection line 5'' into the storage device 30. In the connection line 5'', another flow sensor 6' is provided, which detects the amount of water flowing through the connection line 5'' and transmits it as sensor data. to the interface device 51.

The storage device 30 includes a first temperature sensor 31 and a second temperature sensor 31', which are located on the side wall of the storage device 30 at different heights. In addition, a salt content sensor 32 is provided, which is provided for detecting the salt content of the sewage collected in the storage device 30 . In addition, a water level sensor 33 is provided, which is designed to detect the water level in the storage device 30.

The wastewater flowing through the storage device 30 is led through the connecting pipe 5' into the sewage line 4 and is thus fed into the public sewer system.

In order to prevent that, in cases of heavy rain, the backwater in the sewer system or in the sewage pipe 4 leads to the penetration of faeces and other sewage into the ground water, the storage device 30 is provided with a check valve 34 in the opening of the connecting pipe 5', which is intended so that the backflow in the connecting pipe 5' is shut off so that the sewage from the wastewater line 4 cannot enter the storage device 30. water, which creates a connection with the wastewater pipeline 4, another check valve 8 is also provided.

In addition, the storage device 30 includes a soil moistening unit 35, through which waste water can be discharged to large plants, such as a tree 3. as sensor data to the interface device 51 . In one embodiment, it may be possible to block the soil moistening unit 35 if the soil around the tree 3 is already very wet. For this, a shut-off valve can be provided, which is controlled by an actuator.

On the antenna mast 50, along with the interface device 51 and the antenna 52, a water quantity sensor 53 is provided, which is designed to determine the amount of precipitation. Interface device 51 is communicatively connected to antenna 52 to transmit sensor data to server device 60.

The server device 60 includes a communication device for receiving sensor data. In addition, the server device 60 has a computing device with which sensor data can be analyzed and processed. Thus, in the exemplary embodiment shown, it is provided that the sensor data is used to determine the parameters of the simulation models or to train and train them. A simulation model can be provided, for example, for each of the elements, such as the body 10, 40 of the buffer drainage reservoir, as well as the storage device 30.

In one exemplary embodiment, the simulation model may be implemented as a simple function, such as a polynomial, where the function parameters, such as the degree of the polynomial and/or the coefficients of the polynomial, are determined using the simulation data. In another embodiment, the simulation model may be an artificial neural network or other classifier.

In addition, it is possible to obtain accurate data on the functional capacity of the drainage system 1. For example, by using water level sensors 33, 45, it can be established whether individual elements of the drainage system are overloaded. It can also be determined how much water is still acceptable. In this case, the data from the sediment sensors 14, 44 can also be taken into account, since in the presence of sediments in the storage device 30 or in the bodies 10, 40 of the buffer drainage reservoir, the amount of water received is reduced.

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The simulation data and/or the results of the simulation models can be transmitted via the data exchange device to the mobile terminal device 61. For this, a web server can be implemented on the server 60, through which the mobile terminal device 61 can access the sensor data or the data of the simulation model. . The mobile terminal 61 can be a smartphone or also a personal computer, laptop or tablet. It is also provided that an application is executed in the mobile terminal device 61, which accesses the data stored in the server 60 via the application programming interface.

It is possible that the service technician can receive on his smartphone 61 current and predicted data on the drainage system 1 and carry out appropriate maintenance activities accordingly. To do this, sensor data can be displayed on the dashboard, which provides an overview of the most important indicators. In addition, it is possible that city residents can be informed about possible flooding in a certain area. In addition, it is possible that the server 60 sends alert messages to users of the mobile terminals 61 in the form of push notifications, such as an email, SMS or other message.

In FIG. 2 shows a possible body 10 of a buffer drainage reservoir. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the sump body 10 comprises an upper sump element 18 and a bottom sump element 17 . Elements 17, 18 of the buffer drainage collector are made in the form of truncated cones and placed on top of each other in a mirror image. The elements 17, 18 of the buffer tank are releasably connected to each other via spacers 19. Several elements of the buffer tank together form a body 10 of the buffer tank or a buffer tank 10, which or which is limited, inter alia, by the wall elements 15 of the buffer tank and cover elements 16 of the buffer drainage collector. In the laid state, that is, in the buried state, a water-permeable film, such as fleece, is wound around the body 10 of the buffer drainage collector to protect the body of the buffer drainage collector from penetrating earth mass.

In FIG. 3 shows the body 10 of the buffer drainage reservoir, which is located under the ground plate 70. The ground plate 70 is permeable, for this purpose, small holes are provided passing through the ground plate 70, which run vertically relative to the ground plane. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a moisture sensor 72 is located in one of these openings. The moisture sensor 72 is also intended to detect whether the surface of the ground plate 70 is wet. The humidity sensor 72 is designed to transmit sensor data to an interface device, such as an interface device 51 .

In addition to the holes vertical to the ground plane 2, the ground plate 70 has longitudinal holes 71 which run parallel to the ground plane 2 and have a diameter of about 2/3 of the height of the ground plate 70. Through these longitudinal holes 71, on the one hand, cables can be laid and, on the other hand, waste water can be directed.

Beneath the ground plate 70 is a buffer catchment body 10 that substantially corresponds to the buffer catchment body 10 of FIG. 1 and 2. The buffer catchment body 10 in FIG. 3 has a temperature sensor 11 and a salt content sensor 12. The temperature sensor 11 is releasably attached to the underside of the cover element 16 of the buffer drainage reservoir, for example using a clamp connection. The salt content sensor 12 is detachably attached to the upper side of the bottom element 16' of the buffer drainage sump, primarily using a clamp connection.

List of reference symbols

- drainage system;

- the plane of the earth;

- vegetation/tree;

- sewage pipeline;

, 5', 5'' - connecting pipeline;

, 6', 6'' - flow sensor;

- humidity sensor;

- check valve;

- ground plate;

- the body of the buffer drainage collector;

, 11' - temperature sensor;

- salt content sensor;

- access for maintenance of the drainage reservoir;

- sediment sensor;

- wall element of the buffer drainage collector;

, 16' - cover element of the buffer drainage collector / bottom element of the buffer drain

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Claims (15)

foot collector; 17 - lower element of the buffer drainage collector; 18 - upper element of the buffer drainage collector; 19 - spacer element; 20 - a pipe for collecting rainwater; 21 - gutter; 30 - storage device; 31, 31' - temperature sensor; 32 - salt content sensor; 33 - water level sensor; 34 - check valve; 35 - soil moisture block; 40 - the body of the buffer drainage collector; 41 - temperature sensor; 42 - salt content sensor; 43 - access for maintenance of the drainage reservoir; 44 - sediment sensor; 45 - water level sensor; 50 - antenna mast; 51 - interface device; 52 - antenna; 53 - water quantity sensor; 60 - server; 61 - mobile terminal device; 70 - ground plate; 71 - longitudinal hole; 72 - humidity sensor. CLAIM 1. Drainage system (1), containing: at least one infiltration device (10, 40), which is designed to receive fluid and allow it to seep into the soil, which is in hydrodynamic connection with at least one infiltration device (10, 40) storage device (30), which is designed to receive fluid from at least one infiltration device (10, 40) and give it to the hydrodynamic system (4), interface device (51) that is configured to receive sensor data and send them to the receiving block, first of all, to the server device (60), at least one sensor connected with the possibility of data exchange with the interface device (51) for issuing sensor data, characterized in that at least one sensor is made in the form of a sensor (12, 32, 42) salt content. 2. Drainage system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one sensor is configured to detect and/or output sensor data at a substantially constant frequency. 3. Drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, especially according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one sensor is designed to switch between a resting phase and an active phase, wherein the detection and/or output is performed only in the active phase. 4. Drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one sensor is located in at least one infiltration device (10, 40) and/or storage device (30), first of all, at least at least partially in the shaft for maintenance of at least one infiltration device (10, 40) and/or storage device (30). 5. Drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one infiltration device (10, 40) has a first temperature sensor (11, 11', 41) and the storage device (30) has a second sensor (31, 31') temperature, and the infiltration device (10, 40) and storage device (30) are located in relation to the ground plane (2) at different depth levels. 6. Drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains an additional sensor, made as a sediment sensor (14, 44), primarily as an ultrasonic sensor (14, 44), for detecting deposits in at least one infiltration - 7 042781 device (10, 40). 7. Drainage system (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the sediment sensor (14, 44) is located in the approach gallery (13, 43) of at least one infiltration device (10, 40). 8. Drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one check valve (34, 8) in the storage device (30) and / or in the hydrodynamic system (4), especially in the wastewater system (4), for blocking a backwater-generating fluid, in particular sewage. 9. Drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one drainage device (9, 20) for draining surface and / or rain water, which is in hydrodynamic connection with at least one infiltration device (10, 40 ). 10. Drainage system (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one drainage device (9) is made primarily in the form of a water-permeable ground plate (9) and/or a drainage element, and the ground plate (9) and/or the drainage element is made in order to place at least one sensor (72), first of all, the environmental sensor (72) on its or its surface facing away from the ground. 11. Drainage system (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the ground plate (9) contains a sensor receptacle, primarily a through hole for accommodating the sensor (72). 12. Drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a server device (60), which is connected with the possibility of communication with the interface device (53) and is designed to receive sensor data. 13. Drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, especially according to claim 12, characterized in that the server device (60) has a computing device that is designed to set the parameters of the simulation model using sensor data and / or study the simulation model. 14. Drainage system (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the simulation model indicates the water level in at least one infiltration device (10, 40) and / or storage device (30) depending on the amount of fluid introduced, especially waste water. 15. Buffer drainage collector (10) for use in the drainage system (1) according to one of the preceding paragraphs as an infiltration device (10, 40) designed to receive fluid and allow it to seep into the ground, containing: the lower element (17) of the buffer drainage collector, the upper element (18) of the buffer drainage collector, spacer elements (19), through which the lower and upper elements (17, 18) of the buffer drainage collector are connected to each other, characterized in that on the lower and/or at least one salt content sensor (12, 32, 42) for issuing sensor data is located on the upper element (17, 18) of the buffer drainage collector. -