EA041041B1 - METHOD FOR PREVENTING CHILDREN'S HARMFUL HABITS TO gnaw on writing utensils and bite nails, DEVICES AND SUBSTANCES INTENDED FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to several fields of medicine, namely to school hygiene, orthodontics, preventive medicine, and in addition to stationery. The implementation of the invention will not only create an obstacle for primary school students to the emergence of bad habits - involuntarily lick, suck, bite and gnaw on writing materials (pens, pencils, felt-tip pens, styluses and other foreign objects), nervously gnaw their nails and periungual skin areas at home on the hands, and also help to get rid of these habits for those who have acquired them before, but, most importantly, will create additional conditions for improving the prevention of some common childhood diseases in schoolchildren, such as intestinal infections, helminthic infestations, oral infections, enamel destruction teeth, stomatitis, malocclusion and some others.

Due to the fact that children's habits of biting nails and writing instruments have a common nature, common causes and time of their occurrence in children, and the fact that they lead to the same negative consequences, and also that these bad habits in children very often complement and interchange one another, the inventors consider it necessary to consider and apply the methods and means of counteracting them, proposed below, as one single way to prevent these bad habits, common to combat them.

State of the art

Children's habits of involuntarily licking and biting nails, writing instruments and other foreign objects have been known to people for a long time. Because of their negative effects on human health, these habits are recognized as harmful, so in many countries of the world they have been fighting for many years, which is aimed at developing effective ways to eliminate these childhood habits. Teachers, child psychologists and many parents know that the appearance of bad habits of biting writing instruments, as well as biting one's nails, for various reasons, in most cases, as a rule, occurs en masse among primary school students. According to available statistics, up to 90% of children in primary school periodically lick, suck and gnaw writing instruments and / or bite their nails and periungual skin during classes. Unfortunately, the targeted fight against these bad children's habits in schools today is almost not carried out and is mainly entrusted to parents who are not only not trained to deal with it, but often are unable to do it correctly. All the data obtained indicate that the fight against these bad habits is ineffective today, and sometimes it brings children much more harm instead of benefit - in the form of nervous breakdowns, psychoses, various complexes, etc. At the same time, in many cases, the listed bad habits are fixed in the child and remain with him for the rest of his adult life.

It is known that it is much easier to prevent a bad habit and its consequences than to get rid of it when the habit has already taken root in a person. Therefore, this group of inventions proposed by the authors is aimed, first of all, precisely at preventing the bad habits listed above from being introduced into the lives of children. To do this, compared with others, a fairly simple and effective way to prevent these harmful children's habits is proposed here, carried out with the help of improved and newly created devices and the use of environmentally friendly materials that are safe for human health. The method acts in such a way that it does not allow bad habits to appear in the child, but imperceptibly for him, instead of bad habits, it helps to form and fix in the child's subconscious a desirable and useful habit - not to put writing instruments, your fingers, or other strangers into your mouth. items.

Consider the prior art for the method, devices and substances proposed by the invention:

1. A way to prevent the emergence of bad habits in children.

The closest technical solution chosen as a prototype is the well-known Method for preventing the development of habits of chewing and sucking a writing pen and weaning children from these habits and a device for implementing the method - invention No. 2125854. The device is mounted on a writing pen and allows you to give a sound signal, attracting the patient's attention when trying to insert the end of a writing pen into his mouth (see https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2125854C1/en).

It should be noted that the proposed method is not only expensive, because in order to achieve the desired result, it is necessary to equip all pens and pencils used by the child with such sound devices, but it is also too complicated to implement. Any drop on the floor of a fountain pen equipped with such a device, or other careless handling of it, can lead to an imperceptible failure of the sound device and, therefore, termination of the method. Therefore, the performance of all such devices that each child has should be monitored regularly by someone who must be able to quickly troubleshoot sound devices and replace exhausted power sources in them in time.

It is also obvious that this method will be ineffective when working with younger students, because, having such a toy in their hands and quickly figuring out why it makes beeps, children (especially

- 1 041041 benno boys), gathered in the same school class, will definitely begin to lick it only for their own fun and self-affirmation, in order to deliberately attract the attention of others to themselves (and their heroism) with the sounds of the device. The process of schooling in this case will stop, filled with childish pranks, repetitive sound signals from these devices and nervous breakdowns of teachers. By their nature, children are big naughty ones and they need to be very intimidated or severely punished so that they do not stealthily play with such sound toys that are in their hands.

2. An environmentally friendly writing utensil designed as a way to prevent children from developing bad habits.

Today, the European trend for the use of eco-friendly writing instruments made from natural, completely renewable materials (due to which they do not harm humans and the environment) is extremely popular in the world - Bio-Mix ballpoint pen - https://omnigifts.ru/product/4595, eco handles https://wingprint.m/catalogue/cat/eko-ruchki/ and others like them.

Unfortunately, the environmentally friendly writing instruments that exist today are not adapted and are not designed to prevent children from developing bad habits: licking, sucking and chewing, which we consider as a disadvantage of these writing instruments. To correct this omission, the present invention proposes to use other environmentally friendly materials in the production of cases of writing instruments.

3. Fountain pen (pen) with two refills, designed as a way to prevent children from developing bad habits.

There is a huge variety of types and types of pens:

a) Types and types of pens - https://poisk-podbor.ru/article/articles/vidy-i-tipy-ruchek/19.html;

b) Two-color ballpoint pen - https://patents.google.com/patent/SU261208A1/ru;

c) Research project on the topic Pen yesterday, today, tomorrow - https://infourok.ru/issledovatelskiy-proekt-na-temu-ruchka-vchera-segodnya-zavtra-515586.html;

d) A pen for a first grader: which one to choose? - http://active-mama.com/ruchka-dlya-pervoklassnika.html,

f) Writing accessories - pens - https://knopka.org/stati/ru4ki-statia.html; what are the pens for writing - http: // what are the.

But the authors of the invention could not find a fountain pen among them, which could be chosen as a close analogue and prototype according to technical solutions - with two writing rods, the writing nodes of which are located at both ends of the fountain pen, and designed to prevent children from developing bad habits: licking and chew on writing materials.

4. A device for writing and/or drawing (fountain pen, pencil, felt-tip pen, stylus and other writing utensils designed to prevent children from developing bad habits.

A huge number of various devices for writing and drawing known designs are produced in the world:

(fountain pens - https://vyborok.com/top-reyting-luchshih-ruchek-dlya-pismaA; pencils https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2017125165A/ru?q=simple&q=pencil&oq=simple+pencil, felt-tip pens - http://www.i-staple.ru/articles/rossijskij-rynok-flomasterov.html, styluses https://habr.com/en/post/286024/ etc.), but among them we it was not possible to find close analogues, initially with environmentally friendly coatings and designed to prevent the development of bad habits in children, which could be chosen as a prototype. This invention proposes to correct this shortcoming of the known devices for writing and drawing, for which it is necessary at the factory to apply on the outer surface of the cases suitable writing instruments, reliable and hard coatings made of environmentally friendly materials with an unpleasant taste for children, and designed for the entire service life of the writing instrument.

5. Coating for nails and writing instruments, which has an unpleasant taste for humans and is used to rid children and adults of bad habits. Known so-called. folk remedies of plant origin with a sharp taste (mustard, garlic, hot pepper, etc.), which have long been used as a means to cover children's nails and writing instruments and are designed to discourage rodent children from licking and chewing on foreign objects. The closest analogues of the proposed invention are various bitter varnishes used to combat the habit of biting nails - http://lifenails.ru/lak/lak-protiv-obgryzaniya-nogtej.html.

All these substances, mixtures and varnishes used as coatings for nails and writing instruments have the same disadvantages - too strong an effect on the taste buds and mucous membranes of the child's mouth, which, as a result, sometimes causes nervousness and aggressiveness in the child, leads to allergic reactions. reactions, irritations and damage to the mucous membranes of the child's mouth, the appearance of stomatitis. Children are especially troubled when these potent substances get into the eyes of a child. This is due to the fact that children tend to often rub their eyes at times when they experience mental stress, fatigue, drowsiness, or when they cry. Therefore, it is better for us to avoid the use of such unsafe substances in relation to

- 2 041041 children, even to rid them of bad habits, but to use completely safe products proposed by this invention to cover the nails and writing materials of the child, which spare both the mucous membranes of the child and his nerves.

Another disadvantage of this varnish is that if it is used to cover not only nails, but, for example, writing instruments, then in this case, this coating will have to be applied to writing instruments many times (periodically updating it), each time applying varnish to previously cleaned and prepared surface of all writing instruments used by the child, which is not only quite difficult to track, but also requires additional attention from adults. Therefore, a situation can always happen here when a child uses precisely that writing instrument that has not been processed or does not have a fresh cover.

The same invention provides for applying an environmentally friendly coating with an unpleasant (but gentle to the mucous membranes of the child) taste once and immediately for the entire life of the writing instruments, in the process of manufacturing writing instruments in factory production conditions.

6. A nail biting agent that has an unpleasant taste for humans and is used for a method for preventing the development of bad habits in children. Known closest analogues of the proposed invention are bitter varnishes used to combat the habit of nail biting:

1) Lacquer against nail biting - http://lifenails.ru/lak/lak-protiv-obgryzaniya-nogtej.html;

2) Varnish for children against a bad habit - http://wlooks.ru/lak/dlya-nogtej/chtoby-ne-gryzt/. One of the disadvantages of bitter varnishes, as a remedy for nail biting, is their too strong effect on the taste buds and mucous membranes of the child's mouth, which, as a result, sometimes causes nervousness and aggressiveness in the child, leads to allergic reactions, irritations and damage to the mucous membranes of the mouth. child, the appearance of stomatitis. Small children who have the habit of biting their nails and knowing the results of applying such an overly bitter varnish, at the time of its application, very often begin to resist adults, get nervous and capricious, not wanting to have bitter varnish on their nails. Special troubles arise in a child when substances of bitter varnish get into his eyes. This is due to the fact that children often rub their eyes with their fingers at times when they experience mental stress, fatigue, drowsiness, or when they cry.

The second disadvantage is that the exact composition of these varnishes is often hidden by manufacturers, and therefore it cannot be guaranteed that they are harmless to children. Therefore, children should not use an anti-biting agent with an unknown composition and a strong taste irritant of the mucous membranes of the child, even to get rid of bad habits, when it is possible to use more effective, and more gentle for the child, safe and environmentally friendly products that are proposed by these invention.

7. Adhesive tape with an environmentally friendly healing layer that has an unpleasant taste and is designed to prevent children from developing the above bad habits by applying it to writing instruments, fingernails and any other objects that are attractive to a child, but undesirable for getting into his mouth.

The closest technical solution chosen as a prototype of this invention is a device for preventing finger sucking, containing a tape with a sticky layer on the inner surface, characterized in that an aromatic substance (fir oil) is applied on the second (outer) surface of the tape - https:/ /patents.google.com/patent/RU35712U1/en.

The disadvantage of such a tape is that this aromatic substance will not protect the child from the habit of sucking fingers, and the fir oil applied to the outside of the tape will not only stain all objects that the child touches, but will also remain on them, smearing with adhesive tape and in a short time making it completely ineffective for the designated task.

The essence of the invention

It is known that under certain conditions any conscious action of a person can become a habit if it becomes automatic, i.e. uncontrolled by the human mind. More than 100 years ago, the Russian scientist Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, studying the process of the appearance of conditioned reflexes in laboratory dogs, as well as attempts to replace some conditioned reflexes with others, made an authoritative conclusion that dogs never forget the forms of behavior that have been fixed in them. And the only thing that can be done is to temporarily suppress their habitual behavior [1]. In this aspect, we - people, are almost no different from Pavlov's dogs and, along with conditioned reflexes, also easily acquire bad habits, which we then cannot get rid of for a very long time, especially if these habits are acquired in childhood, are fixed and pass into adulthood human, as automatic actions, uncontrolled by our consciousness.

Given this knowledge, the main task that the authors of the invention set themselves was to develop a method for preventing the emergence of bad habits in children, as well as devices and means for its implementation, and creating such conditions under which children (primarily, all schoolchildren) primary school) instead of a bad habit, a useful habit was initially formed - not to involuntarily put any foreign objects into your mouth.

- 3 041041

Due to the fact that children's habits of biting writing instruments and biting nails have a common nature, causes and time of their occurrence in children, as well as the fact that these bad habits in the process of their appearance and development can complement and replace one another, the authors of the invention consider it is necessary to apply the proposed method of preventing their occurrence in children and introduce it into the educational process of elementary school, as a single mandatory action.

1. The method proposed by the invention for preventing the emergence of bad habits in children of biting writing instruments and biting nails provides for the creation of such conditions when from the very first day the child is at school (and parents, teachers and specialists in this problem know that the appearance of bad habits: lick, sucking, biting and chewing writing instruments, as well as nervously biting the nails and periungual skin on his hands, in most cases, as a rule, occurs en masse in elementary school among first-graders [2, 3, 4]), he had simple and reliable , safe and maximally insurmountable obstacles to the acquisition of these bad habits. At the same time, the authors provided that the proposed method looked natural and did not distinguish some children from others, because only then it would work imperceptibly and painlessly, would not leave any psychological traumas and complexes in children, and would not require a lot of adult attention for its implementation.

The problem has been solved due to the fact that this method of preventing children from developing bad habits of licking and chewing writing instruments (pens, pencils, felt-tip pens, styluses and other items), biting nails and periungual skin on their hands, not only uses the proposed invention and devices, devices and substances intended for this method, but also, which is very important, begins to be used even before these bad habits appear in children. To do this, from the very beginning of the operation of the method, children are provided with: environmentally friendly writing instruments, which are pre-made according to claims 5-6 of the formula; and/or fountain pens made according to claims 7-8 of the formula; and/or writing utensils (devices for writing and/or drawing) manufactured in accordance with claims 9-10 of the formula, on the outer side of which, at the factory, an environmentally friendly coating of substances with an unpleasant taste for humans is applied, in accordance with clauses 11- 12 formulas; and / or writing instruments, on the body of which an adhesive tape is applied, made according to claims 15-17 of the formula; and/or an environmentally friendly anti-biting agent according to claims 13-14 of the formula, which is applied to the nails and periungual skin of children who tend to lick their fingers and bite their nails; and / or adhesive tape, made according to claims 15-17 of the formula, which is applied to the nail phalanges of the fingers of children prone to lick their fingers, bite their nails and periungual skin on their hands. Compared with other known methods of preventing the emergence of bad habits in children, the proposed method has the following advantages: firstly, the method does not attract excessive attention of children, it is less noticeable and does not cause unnecessary unnecessary emotions in children, and is immediately perceived by them as something natural and necessary; secondly, the method does not require much attention and control from adults, which means it saves not only time, but also the nerves of many parents who are not indifferent to their children; thirdly, the method is completely harmless to children, environmentally friendly and reliable in achieving results; fourthly, it is extremely simple and cheap to implement.

Today, a huge number of schoolchildren (especially in the primary grades) during school hours, for various reasons, regularly gnaw their writing materials and/or gnaw their nails and periungual skin on their hands [2, 3]. This suggests that, unfortunately, we still do not have effective ways to combat these bad habits and we are not able to either prevent the development of these bad habits or quickly rid our children of them. But if the Ministry of Education of Russia and / or the Ministry of Health cares about solving this problem, supports and finances the implementation of the All-Russian program for the prevention of these bad habits among schoolchildren, primarily among first-graders, then a high positive effect can be achieved in just a few months, with minimal financial costs. in terms of one student. The implementation of the method will not only save schoolchildren from bad habits, but will be a prevention of a number of the above listed childhood diseases, which means it will help children get sick less, make them healthier and, as a result, this will certainly contribute to their better academic performance in mastering the school curriculum.

Thus, according to the present invention, in comparison with analogues, a relatively simple, inexpensive and effective way to prevent the development of bad habits in children, which ensures the achievement of the set task, is proposed. Preferably, for the proposed method of preventing the emergence of bad habits in children, first, from the writing instruments prepared for the implementation of the method, the most complete set of writing instruments of the student is formed, necessary and sufficient for each individual student of the primary school, then these writing instruments intended for their mandatory daily use child (preferably for exclusive use), are placed in the child's personal school pencil case and at all the student's workplaces where he does his homework, if possible excluding from the student's use all writing instruments that are not intended for the implementation of the method.

Preferably, for the implementation of the proposed method, the bodies of writing instruments and/or nails of a schoolchild with periungual skin areas are treated or impregnated with an environmentally friendly bactericidal composition, or covered with a layer of this composition containing biologically active substances that are soluble in human saliva and have an unpleasant taste for humans: or bitter , or sour, or salty, or various combinations (mixtures) of these and other possible tastes. Preferably, to implement the proposed method, the body of writing instruments and/or nails of schoolchildren with periungual skin areas are treated or impregnated with an environmentally friendly bitter composition, or covered with a layer of this composition, the main component of which is crushed aspen bark and/or its extract; or an environmentally friendly bitter-salty composition, the main components of which are a mixture of crushed aspen bark and / or its extract with table (edible) salt.

2. The proposed environmentally friendly writing utensil (device for writing and / or drawing: pen, pencil, felt-tip pen, stylus, etc.) consists of a body made of environmentally friendly materials and a writing element (for example, a stylus or an ink refill), fixed in the housing, and is intended to implement a method for preventing the emergence of bad habits in children according to claims 1-2 of the formula, as well as to get rid of these bad habits of those people who acquired them earlier. To do this, the case of environmentally friendly writing utensils (or individual parts of the case) is made of natural biodegradable environmentally friendly materials based on natural - plant, and / or animal, and / or mineral renewable resources, contains biologically active substances that are soluble in human saliva and have an unpleasant effect on human taste.

The technical result to which this invention is directed is that after each attempt of the child to lick, suck or gnaw these environmentally friendly writing instruments, unpleasant taste and / or tactile sensations arise in his mouth, which very quickly (after only a few attempts to lick or gnaw such a writing instrument) is fixed in the child’s memory and later, already at an unconscious level, begins to prevent him from developing a bad habit of licking, sucking and chewing any writing instruments, but at the same time contributes to the formation of a useful habit in the child not to put it in his mouth foreign objects.

Preferably, in the proposed environmentally friendly writing instrument, the main component of the material from which its body or individual parts of the body are made is crushed aspen bark and/or aspen bark extract, which give the body of the writing instrument a bitter taste; or the main components of the material from which the body of the writing instrument is made (or its individual parts) are crushed aspen bark, its extract and table (edible) salt, which gives the body of the writing instrument a bitter-salty taste. Compared with others, the proposed environmentally friendly writing utensil is designed to prevent the emergence of bad habits in children, and its body, due to the use of crushed aspen bark, not only has a bitter taste, but also bactericidal properties, which will not allow pathogenic bacteria and viruses to multiply on the surface of such writing utensils. At the same time, the bitterness and other substances contained in the aspen bark will not only help children not acquire the bad habit of licking and chewing writing instruments, but will not cause harm, but will have a beneficial effect on the child's body [5, 6, 7].

3. The proposed pen (pen) with two writing rods, consists of a body and two writing rods, which are placed in the body of the pen in such a way that their writing nodes are located at opposite ends of the pen, i.e. A fountain pen has one writing unit at each end.

Preferably, the proposed fountain pen with two writing rods is used as a device for preventing the development of bad habits in children according to claims 1-4 of the formula, and its body (or individual parts of its body) is made of environmentally friendly biodegradable material or has a coating of this material containing biologically active substances that are soluble in human saliva and have an unpleasant taste for humans.

The problem was solved due to the fact that at each end of the body of the proposed fountain pen there is one of the writing units, the writing rods fixed in it, and also due to the fact that the body of the fountain pen is made of environmentally friendly materials (or contains a coating of such materials) that are unpleasant for humans. taste. Each person, involuntarily putting any end of the proposed fountain pen into his mouth to gnaw, suck or lick it, will immediately feel in his mouth unpleasant tactile and taste sensations from the writing unit of the fountain pen and the unpleasant taste of its body. And since after each attempt by a child to lick, suck or gnaw such a fountain pen, unpleasant taste and tactile sensations arise in his mouth, very quickly (after just a few such attempts) this unpleasant sensation that occurs in his mouth is fixed in the child’s memory, which in the future, already at an unconscious level, prevents the emergence of

- 5 041041 the bad habit of licking, sucking and chewing on any writing instruments, but it contributes to the formation of a good habit in the child - not to put foreign objects in his mouth.

4. The proposed device for writing and/or drawing (fountain pen, pencil, felt-tip pen, stylus, and other writing utensils) consists of a body and a writing element (for example, a stylus or ink rod) fixed in the body and is used as a device for the method prevention of the appearance in children of bad habits according to claims 1-4 of the formula, as well as to get rid of these bad habits for those who acquired them earlier. To do this, the writing instrument body (or individual parts of the body) is coated with natural biodegradable environmentally friendly materials that have an unpleasant taste for humans, for example, containing natural bitterness.

The technical result to which this invention is directed is that after each attempt by the child to lick, suck or gnaw such writing instruments, unpleasant taste and / or tactile sensations arise in his mouth, which is fixed in the memory of the child and further prevents the emergence of a bad habit in him of licking, sucking and chewing writing instruments, but it contributes to the formation of a useful habit in the child - not to put foreign objects in his mouth.

Preferably, in the proposed device for writing and/or drawing, the main component of the coating material of its body, or individual parts of the body, is crushed aspen bark and/or aspen bark extract; either the main components of the body coating material (or its individual parts) are crushed aspen bark and table (edible) salt, or the main components of the body coating material (or its individual parts) are crushed aspen bark, its extract and table (edible) salt.

5. An environmentally friendly coating for nails and writing materials of a student with an unpleasant taste is proposed, which contains biologically active substances, has bactericidal properties and is used for the method of preventing the appearance of bad habits in children according to claims 1-4 of the formula, for which this coating is applied to nails and periungual skin of children's hands and / or on the body of writing instruments and / or on the second (outer) side of the adhesive tape according to any of claims 13-15 of the formula and / or on any other foreign objects that children and adults tend to unnecessarily (or out of habit) to gnaw, lick or involuntarily put into one's mouth.

Preferably, the coating for nails and writing materials has a composition, the main component of which is crushed aspen bark and/or aspen bark extract, which gives the coating a bitter taste; or the main components of the coating composition are: crushed aspen bark and / or its extract and table (edible) salt, which gives the coating a bitter-salty taste.

The problem was solved due to the fact that after each attempt of the child to lick, suck or bite nails and writing instruments with the proposed coating, he has unpleasant taste and / or tactile sensations in his mouth, which is fixed in the child’s memory and prevents him from developing a bad habit licking, sucking and biting your nails and writing instruments, but contributes to the formation of a useful habit - not to put foreign objects in your mouth.

6. An environmentally friendly remedy against nail biting is proposed, which has an unpleasant taste for humans, has bactericidal properties, contains biologically active substances and is used for the method of preventing the occurrence of bad habits in children according to claim 1 of the formula, for which this remedy is applied to the nails and periungual skin areas of the child's hands and / or any other objects that children unnecessarily (or out of habit) tend to gnaw, lick or simply put into their mouths without reason.

Preferably, the anti-biting agent is curative (is wound healing and relieves inflammation on the fingers), has a composition, the main component of which is crushed aspen bark and / or its extract, which give the agent a bitter taste; or the main components of the nail biting remedy are crushed aspen bark, its extract and table (edible) salt, which gives the nail biting remedy a bitter-salty taste. The problem was solved due to the fact that after each attempt of the child to lick or suck his fingers, bite his nails or periungual skin areas treated with the proposed agent, unpleasant taste and / or tactile sensations appear in his mouth, which is fixed in the child’s memory and prevents the occurrence of he has a bad habit, but contributes to the formation of a useful habit in a child - not to put foreign objects in his mouth.

7. The adhesive tape proposed by the invention consists of a base and two coatings, each of which is applied to one side of the base of the adhesive tape. One side of the base of the adhesive tape is coated with a layer of glue (adhesive), which is usually used for medical adhesive tapes, designed for high-quality gluing of the tape to human skin. And on the second side of the base of the adhesive tape (which, after sticking the tape, becomes external), a coating is applied from a layer of an environmentally friendly composition containing biologically active substances, which has bactericidal properties and an unpleasant taste for humans. This adhesive tape, first of all, is intended for a method for preventing the appearance of bad habits in children according to claims 1-4 of the formula and is applied to written applications.

- 6 041041 accessories and / or on the nail phalanges of the fingers of children and / or on any other objects that are attractive to children, but undesirable for getting into their mouths. At the same time, the plasticity of the environmentally friendly layer with an unpleasant taste applied on the adhesive tape is selected in such a way as to ensure its performance - not to allow it to be smeared from the adhesive tape, or to crack or chip off it during operation.

The problem was solved due to the fact that after each attempt of the child to lick, suck and gnaw his nails and / or writing instruments and / or any other objects with the proposed adhesive tape applied to them, he has unpleasant taste and / or tactile sensations in his mouth , which is fixed in the memory of the child and prevents him from developing a bad habit, but contributes to the formation of a useful habit in the child - not to put foreign objects in his mouth.

In addition, this enhanced malodorous adhesive tape can be used in veterinary medicine for maintaining animal fixation bandages, from which sick animals often try to free themselves by tearing and shedding the bandages with their teeth. In this case, adhesive tape is simply applied over the fixing dressings. Preferably, this adhesive tape has a plastic, environmentally friendly coating or a bitter composition, the main component of which is ground aspen bark and/or its extract; or a bitter-salty composition, the main component of which is a mixture of crushed aspen bark and / or its extract with edible salt.

Preferably, this adhesive tape, for the convenience of its use, as well as the individual characteristics and preferences of the consumer, has various forms of release: in the form of a roll or in a contoured non-cell packaging, it differs in taste and concentration (strength) of the composition of an environmentally friendly coating soluble in human saliva, located on the second (outer) side of its base, as well as on the sticky side, it has a protective layer of film or paper.

Implementation of the invention

The success of the proposed method for preventing the emergence of bad habits in children of biting writing instruments and biting nails largely depends on adults (teachers and parents) - on how seriously they take care of the problem of the possible appearance of these bad habits in their children and how responsibly they will treat the implementation of the proposed here is the way.

In all other respects, the proposed method for preventing the emergence of bad habits in children is very simple and is carried out as follows: first, from the industrially manufactured writing instruments according to claims 5-10 of the claims, it is necessary to form a set of student writing instruments necessary and sufficient for the student. Then these writing instruments, intended for mandatory daily use by the child, are placed in his personal school pencil case and, preferably, at all those workplaces of the student where the child will do his homework. Further, adults will only need to periodically monitor the availability and performance of these writing utensils in the student and, in the event of loss, breakdown or end of the writing resource of individual samples, promptly restore the completeness of the student's writing utensils, replacing obsolete samples with new ones and preferably excluding the possibility of the child having those writing utensils, which are not intended to implement the method. And children in the process of schooling and using these writing instruments, when they involuntarily put any parts of the writing instruments into their mouths, each time they will definitely feel an unpleasant taste on their lips and / or in their mouths, which will attract their attention and make them consciously Stop licking or chewing on your writing utensils.

Taking into account the fact that primary school students, while biting and sucking writing instruments, sometimes swallow caps from pens, which often leads the child to asphyxia, the authors propose to completely abandon caps for writing instruments made in accordance with claims 5-10 of the claims (see. an article about swallowing caps by children - Why is there a hole in the cap http://vse-krugotn.ru/zachetn-v-kolpachke-ot-ruchki-dyrka/). The lack of caps on fountain pens is perfectly compensated by the fact that the student's set of writing materials is kept by the child in a sealed personal pencil case adapted for this. Since the bad habits of biting writing instruments and nervously biting nails mainly appear in children at the same time (in the first months of school) and for the same reasons [2, 3, 4], and also Since these habits can sometimes complement and interchange one another, it is advisable to carry out measures to prevent them simultaneously. To do this, in addition to writing instruments made according to claims 5-10 of the claims, schoolchildren are provided with an anti-biting agent (made according to claims 13-14 of the formula) and/or adhesive tape made according to claims 15-17 of the formula.

Then, at the lessons on the Fundamentals of Life Safety (OBZh), which are held in Russia for schoolchildren, starting from the 1st grade, it will be necessary to devote some time to explain to children the issues of people developing bad habits of biting nails and writing materials and the harm

- 7 041041 which these habits cause to human health. In addition, at the lessons of life safety for first-graders, it is necessary to conduct practical exercises on the use of anti-nail biting agents with explanations of when and how children need to apply these agents on their fingers on their own. Also, at first, the primary school teacher will need to be a little more attentive to the children and control their use (especially those who are prone to this habit) of nail biting remedies.

As the main substance with a bitter taste for the implementation of a method for preventing bad habits, the inventors consider it necessary to use crushed aspen bark, which must be collected and harvested in accordance with certain rules [5, 8]. Aspen bark is an environmentally friendly product, a storehouse of substances useful for human and animal life, and therefore it has long been used in folk medicine in many countries of the world for the prevention and treatment of many human diseases and is actively used in the form of feed and medicinal additives for livestock. In addition, aspen bark contains natural bitterness, due to which it has its own rather unpleasant bitter taste, which is necessary for us to implement the method proposed by the invention for preventing bad habits in children.

The authors of the invention harvested aspen bark, in full accordance with the known rules for its collection and drying [5, 8]. After that, the aspen bark was finely ground in a coffee grinder and used to manufacture a batch of prototypes of all devices, according to claims 5-17 of the claims of this invention.

We have made pencil and fountain pen barrels, writing instrument barrel coatings, bitter jelly nail biters, and adhesive tape coatings applied to the outside of its backing. At the same time, the material prepared from aspen bark, used for various devices and means proposed by the invention, had not only a different consistency, but also differed in composition. For the manufacture of bodies of environmentally friendly writing instruments, coatings for writing instruments, formulations for applying to children's nails and adhesive tape, in addition to the main working substance - crushed aspen bark and / or its extract, we used various environmentally friendly adhesives (casein and egg, as well as their mixtures), various food plasticizers (for example, food glycerin), solvents (water, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol and mixtures thereof), as well as food (cooking) salt.

The use by children of this method of preventing the emergence of bad habits of biting writing instruments and biting nails, using the devices and means proposed by the invention according to claims 5-17 of the formula, despite the simplicity and low cost of the method, showed its high reliability and efficiency. At the same time, it should be taken into account that all used writing instruments, bitter compositions for nails and sticky tape with a bitter coating were made by the authors of the invention not in a well-established industrial production, but in a handicraft way at home. Prefabricated according to claims 5-17 of the formula, writing implements, bitter nail compositions and bitter-coated adhesive tape will certainly be even more convenient to use and more effective in implementing a method for preventing bad habits in children. Conclusion: the claimed invention is feasible and achieves the desired technical result.

Bibliography

1. Pavlov I.P. Selected works: Eksmo, 2015, p. 736;

2. Kulinich G.G. Bad habits of schoolchildren: addiction prevention: grades 1-4 - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2008, p. 226;

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4. My son, a first-grader, gnaws pens in class, help with advice [Electronic resource] // School Forum, 2012. URL: https://www.nn.ru/community/nashi_deti/school/?do=read&thread=2203797&topic_id=48639661 (date of access: 05/10/2018);

5. Aspen bark: medicinal properties and contraindications, cooking recipes. [Electronic resource]//Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants, 2016. URL: http://herbalpedia.ru/articles/kora-osiny/ (date of access: 10.05.2018);

6. Treatment with aspen bark - decoctions and tinctures - [Electronic resource] // Without doctors, 2017. URL: https://bezmedikov.m/travi/kora-osiny-lechebnye-svojstva.html (date of access: 05/10/2018) ;

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Claims (7)

[Website] - URL: http://lechenie-parazitov.ru/parazity/kora-osmy-ot-parazitov-kak-prmimat/ (accessed: May 10, 2018). CLAIM 1. An environmentally friendly writing utensil for preventing the appearance and getting rid of bad habits of licking, sucking and chewing writing utensils, consisting of a body made of environmentally friendly materials and a writing element fixed in the body, where the body or its individual parts are made of crushed bark aspen and / or its extract, or a mixture of crushed aspen bark and table salt, or a mixture of crushed aspen bark, aspen bark extract and table salt. 2. A fountain pen or a pen with two writing rods to prevent the appearance and get rid of bad habits of licking, sucking and chewing writing instruments, consisting of a body and two writing rods fixed in the body in such a way that their writing nodes are located at opposite ends of the body, where the body or its separate parts are made of crushed aspen bark and/or its extract, or a mixture of crushed aspen bark and table salt, or a mixture of crushed aspen bark, aspen bark extract and table salt. 3. A device for writing and/or drawing to prevent the emergence and get rid of bad habits of licking, sucking and chewing on writing instruments, consisting of a body and a writing element fixed in the body, where the body of the device or its individual parts is coated with environmentally friendly materials that have an unpleasant taste for humans, in which the main component of the coating material is crushed aspen bark and / or aspen bark extract, or a mixture of crushed aspen bark and table salt, or a mixture of crushed aspen bark, its extract and table salt. 4. An anti-biting agent that has an unpleasant taste for humans, to rid children and adults of the habit of biting and biting nails on the hands, where the main component of its composition is crushed aspen bark and / or aspen bark extract or a mixture of crushed aspen bark, its extract and table salt. 5. Adhesive tape, consisting of a base and a layer of glue located on one side of the base of the adhesive tape and located on the opposite side of the base of the adhesive tape of a plastic coating of a bitter composition, the main component of which is ground aspen bark and / or its extract, or a bitter-salty composition , the main component of which is a mixture of crushed aspen bark and / or its extract with edible salt. 6. Coating for nails and writing utensils, which has an unpleasant taste for humans, to rid children and adults of bad habits of biting writing utensils and biting fingernails, in which the main component of the composition is crushed aspen bark and / or aspen bark extract, or a mixture crushed aspen bark, its extract and table salt. 7. A method for preventing the emergence in children of bad habits of biting writing instruments and biting fingernails, in which the body of the writing instrument and/or nails with periungual areas of the student's skin are covered with a layer of composition, the main component of which is crushed aspen bark and/or its extract, or a mixture of crushed aspen bark, its extract with table salt. Eurasian Patent Organization, EAPO Russia, 109012, Moscow, Maly Cherkassky per., 2