EA040499B1 - FISH PASSING DEVICE FOR MIGRANTING FISH - Google Patents

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

At the most general level, embodiments of the present invention relate to the construction of a river system, and more specifically to the creation of such channels that do not disturb the river system, which allow migratory fish to spawn in the upper river even in the case of reservoir development. However, more specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to a hydraulic flow generating device according to the preamble of the independent claim characterizing such a hydraulic flow generating device. Embodiments of the present invention also relate to a fish pass for migrating fish to implement a system that uses the specified device.

State of the art

Human needs associated with the construction of energy stations for the production of energy and the use of energy from renewable sources, as a result, cause direct damage to nature, as well as to the sources for the existence of nature itself.

Migratory fish species, especially salmonids, eels and/or the like, which migrate upstream to their birthplaces to spawn, encounter barriers in such rivers where the riverbed is dammed for use in commercial power generation or other energy sources. stations.

The passage through such an energy station is blocked if no water conduit is built. Even if such a conduit existed, the path of migratory fish juveniles back downstream could be difficult if the fish had to pass through the turbine tunnels. The fish can be injured and thus prone to disease. On the other hand, it is possible for the fish to pass through a fish-way that passes the waste water of the turbine tunnels, as does a ladder fish-way, which is very expensive to build and also leaves a mark on the landscape. In addition, fish can be injured in shallow pools when fish jump from one pool to another, creating a high risk of disease.

On the other hand, for example, salmon species are not attracted to go to great depths, which makes it somewhat difficult for juveniles to return through turbine tunnels or pass through tunnels.

In FIG. 1 shows an example of a prior art fish ladder that assists migrating fish 114 upstream and thereby bypasses a dam 116 that crosses a river channel 117A, 117B. As shown in FIG. 1, fish ladder 100 is a very heavy structure that does not fit well (if at all) into the landscape, but is expensive to build due to the pouring of concrete with reinforcement and foundation work, including also materials that are badly needed in the construction of such large structures. The assembly of such a structure also takes a long time with all the excavation potentially messing up the landscape 115 and potentially also the water area downstream near the fish ladder.

In the example of FIG. 1 fish ladder 100 is designed so that its design passes the water flow of the channel 117A, 117B (bending the entire line of the channel would be even more expensive if the bypass channel 100 was not made. It is likely that the energy that can be obtained from the water flow 109 could not be used (or used inefficiently or not used at all) during the construction of the structure).

The water (stream 109) that flows along the river bed of site 115 (117A downstream of the dam; 117B upstream of the dam) partially passes through sections 101A with inflow holes that form a channel 102 with a depth of 103 and which together communicate with the stream 109. A protective mesh 104 covers two such sections, with the mesh also covering the intermediate parts. The design of the fish passage 100 smoothly rises with a slope of 1:18 - 1:30, which is smoother than the vertical rise of the dam 116 from the river bed at the spillway 111, or in the middle of the dam 116. At the same time, the entraining flow 107 of water from upstream of the river channel 117B flows through the fish passage 100 so that the fish 114 finds the entrance 106 to the fish passage 100 to swim through the channel 102 upstream towards the upstream 117B. The inlet sections 101A are provided with small gates, and each section 101A or portion thereof can form a pool in which the fish 114 can rest between climbs of stairs, however, in FIG. 1 also shows a section that is halfway up and operates as a fish resting pool 105 as part of a fish ladder 100.

The disclosed example also shows that the movement of debris can be limited by a spread net 110 at a point downstream or a protective screen at a point upstream at the outlet 113 of the channel 102 of the fish passage. An overflow over the dam 116, to some extent for the purpose of forming an entraining flow 107, as such can be arranged using the design 108, 111 of water discharge

In the left corner of Fig. 1 shows a detail of a fish ladder structure and shows an example of a swim-in section 101A as part of a fish ladder 100 that forms the fish ladder channel 102 structure. The depth 103 of the swim-in section 101A is also shown in FIG.

- 1 040499 fig. 1. The fragment also shows the design of the damper 10p, which works as an inlet of the channel 102.

Ladder fishway, according to known technology, can also be built in the form of a straight conduit, installed so that it rises at an angle from downstream to upstream.

Thus, modern design solutions for hydroelectric power plants lead to the fact that fish reproduction, sport fishing and derivative activities, power plant power generation and landscape aspects are interconnected, although large investments and efforts could be up to some mitigate the aforementioned problems or provide a compromise solution. In addition, in many cases aspects other than energy production are given secondary importance, whereby these aspects suffer from one-sided conditions that are dictated only by the energy production aspects.

Disclosure of invention

The object of the invention is to alleviate the above problems. The technical solution according to the invention (which is also referred to as a fish passage for migratory fish) is a hydraulic flow generating device, by which the above problems can be solved or at least significantly mitigated, so that the aforementioned conflicts of interest regarding the consequences can be resolved. use of river systems or parts of rivers. In addition, the proposed fish pass for migratory fish is exceptionally economical, practically hidden in the landscape, without significant loss in terms of functionality and power generation.

A fish passage for migratory fish, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, is characterized in the characterizing part of the independent claim in which it is disclosed. According to an embodiment of the invention, a fish passage for migratory fish comprises a hydraulic flow generating device as defined in the independent claim relating to a hydraulic flow generating device as defined in the characterizing part of the respective independent claim. A fish passage for migratory fish according to an embodiment of the invention is described in an independent claim relating to said fish passage for migratory fish.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a migratory fish pass channel comprises a riser pipe, an intake pipe, and a branch element for connecting said pipes, said branch element further comprising an entry point for fish access to the channel leading to the riser pipe.

A fish pass for migratory fish is implemented as a means of implementing compact pipelines for hydraulic flow.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic flow generating device comprises a migratory fish passage according to an embodiment of the invention, and is designed to organize the flow of water in a river channel for fish to pass flow barriers, such as a dam, in a direction opposite to the specified flow of water in the river channel; wherein the device for creating a flow contains the first intake pipe for taking water in the upstream of the dam at the water intake point and transferring water to the downstream of the dam to the entry point, where the fish gate is located to provide fish access to the second pipe, the riser pipe, from the specified entry point , and movement of fish in the riser pipe in the water flow upstream of the specified dam to the point of release, and the specified point of water intake is located in the water at a higher level than the specified point of release.

The higher level refers to the height relative to an arbitrary standard level downstream, such as sea level or other suitable standard level, which is used in construction to determine the heights of buildings. Thus, in an embodiment of the invention, a higher level may also mean a location upstream further from the dam, so as to provide a height difference corresponding to the lowering of the river channel and provide a pressure difference, as required by the embodiment.

A flow obstruction is considered to be such an obstruction to the natural flow of water in a river channel through which the flowing water as such cannot pass without a separate passage, such as a channel arranged through a drainage tunnel or similar structure in the river channel. Thus, power station dams are examples of flow barriers that also act as barriers to upstream fish migration to spawn. Fish ladders as a passage through the canal as such were built and continue to be built for the migration of fish upstream to spawning grounds in addition to the vital river channel for the crossing, crossing over the barrier or under the barrier, crossings on the water, moving with the water, crossings on the water , but moving not in a natural riverbed, but in a large structure that can spoil the landscape of the river and / or banks.

The fish ladder as such does not actually prevent the continuous flow of water, on the contrary, being implemented in the form of a serpentine (to save constantly flowing water), it lengthens the distance that the water is forced to pass and also, in a sense, slows down the flow of water between the upper and lower pools dams in the direction from upstream to downstream.

However, a fish ladder is not considered an obstacle to crossing the water or a serious obstacle to the crossing, although the flow in the fish ladder passes along a different channel than the natural river channel.

Provided that the natural flow of the water helps (for example, due to the steep rise of the river channel on average) to create a water intake point at a higher level upstream than the outlet point, the difference in height between the intake point and the outlet point, if necessary, can be used to compensate for flow losses in pipes, i.e. according to an embodiment of the invention, said height difference can be chosen to compensate for flow losses if no other implementation options are available or if one wishes to resort to such an implementation as an alternative to using a pump to compensate for pipe losses (i.e. pressure losses due to for flow resistance) in accordance with suitable embodiments of the invention.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic flow generating device comprises a fish gate at the entry point. Such a fish gate is capable of being moved to an open position in response to a fish presence detection signal in the vicinity of the gate generated by an appropriate sensor. This fish gate as such may be of a known type, but may be used in operation in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. In an embodiment, the fish are categorized based on size such that if a sufficiently large fish is found, the gate will be exceeded. The threshold can be set by the control device.

According to an embodiment of the invention, means are provided for generating a drag flow of water to the downstream of the dam from the upstream of the dam using a drag flow supply path.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the entraining flow of water can be arranged so that it passes from the upstream of the dam to the downstream of the dam along the siphon as such to the entry point or to the area near the entry point. According to an embodiment, entraining water can be brought to the entry point via a entraining flow line with a pump to compensate for flow losses in the pipe caused by pressure drop. According to an embodiment, the entraining flow line may supply water to multiple locations along the inlet line or to multiple locations.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic flow generating device comprises, at the entry point, an ejector element for creating a suction flow into the riser pipe to transfer water from the entry point to the outlet point. According to an embodiment of the invention, the operation of the ejector is forced by a pump that is designed to carry water to the ejector element and/or to increase the operating pressure of the ejector in order to stimulate the suction flow from the ejector into which the fish are directed (by forming a flow) to rise due to the suction from the entry point or entry point area and onward transmission via riser to the outlet point upstream of the dam. According to an embodiment, the ejector design may include a flow constriction region to increase the speed of the suction water.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic flow generating device comprises, in said first pipe between the intake position and the weir or optionally behind the weir before the entry point, a pump designed to compensate for flow losses in at least one of the following pipes: the intake pipe and/ or riser pipe. According to an embodiment of the invention, the pumping power is controlled in terms of flow and/or pressure. According to another embodiment, the control function is designed so that it does not depend on the water level in the upstream of the dam and in the downstream of the dam, however, according to another variant, it depends to some extent on the water level in at least one of these places. Thus, at least to some extent, under prevailing flood or drought conditions, it is possible to compensate for the effect of water depth on water pressure in the fish passage pipes for migratory fish. According to an embodiment, the control device can be used to control the water level and regulate the pump accordingly, if necessary, to maintain the set values.

In accordance with the system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to direct migratory fish to pass through the dam, the system comprises a hydraulic flow generating device and further comprises a siphon pipe extending from the upstream of the dam to the downstream of the dam to create a return channel for migrating fish.

According to an embodiment, the implementation of the siphon and/or device for creating a hydraulic flow in the system used a fish passage device for migratory fish.

The system according to an embodiment of the invention comprises a siphon pipe separate from the entraining water pipe, but according to an embodiment of the invention the water pipe

- 3 040499 entraining flow is at least in contact with or combined with the specified siphon pipe to facilitate the intake of water for entraining flow from the siphon pipe, when the branch of the pipe for supplying water entraining flow is noticeably shorter than the siphon pipe.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a fish gate to open the current when the fish are in the gate area at the upstream end of the siphon pipe.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the system also includes a sensor for the presence of fish in the area of the gate. The sensor may be implemented in accordance with known technologies per se, but adapted for use in embodiments of the invention.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the system may further comprise a dam or other suitable flow barrier, a hydroelectric power plant, a mill or other engineered structure or device of electromechanical construction, water in a river channel and/or a river channel. According to another embodiment, the system may also comprise a pump and/or a device for generating energy for said pump, such as a device for using the mechanical energy of a water flow, a device for generating electricity, a unit and/or a boiler with a firebox, or an internal combustion engine.

According to an embodiment of the invention, in the system, the siphon pipe comprises a mesh structure in its vicinity to guide fish into the siphon pipe and/or to prevent fish from entering the turbine tunnels. In an embodiment, the mesh structure is designed so that the fish cannot bypass the mouth of the siphon pipe and enter the downstream of the dam in a different way.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the system at the location of the siphon pipe contains a bottom structure designed to prevent branches and snags from entering the siphon pipe or turbine tunnels. According to an embodiment of the invention, the system contains a mesh installation that prevents debris from entering the siphon and clogging the siphon. If the garbage is not filtered, then this, for example, can be a large number of leaves from trees. It is also possible to form labyrinth structures from the nets, so that debris and/or snags that are dragged along by the water in the river channel between the surface and the bottom can be captured when the labyrinth structures reach a height from the bottom corresponding to the height of the floating snags and debris. The mesh size of the grids can be adapted to the size of the fish in the river system and/or the litter found in the river system.

According to an embodiment, the net can be replaced with a suitable fish guide. Where appropriate, such a guide may be made of a transparent material and/or in an appropriate part of a perforated material to allow water to pass between the sides of the guide. The perforation can be made in such a size that the fish being passed through are not placed in the holes if such a hit is undesirable.

Other embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims and other examples shown.

The system for generating hydraulic flow according to the invention can use its own internal pressure when the water actually passes the dam at least twice: the first time when a working flow is generated in the intake pipe - a flow that is intended for use at the point of entry, and during the second time in the carrier flow in the riser. In one embodiment, the workflow may be assisted by a pump.

In the simplest embodiment of the invention, the intake pipe is an implementation of a siphon pipe, but according to an embodiment of the invention, flow losses in the intake pipe can be compensated by a pump installed in the pipe. According to an embodiment, the pump capacity can be chosen to compensate for the pressure drop in the riser, to some extent by increasing the pressure in the ejector area, and optionally, according to the water level upstream of the dam and/or downstream of the dam, in depending on the change in pressure difference when the pressure changes at least in one of these places.

According to an embodiment of the invention, with regard to hard-wired equipment, water is taken from the upstream of the dam at the first level, or the first water height, as measured from the first reference height (reference level), and the taken water is transferred to the downstream of the dam through the first pipe, which is very wide; at the same time, in the downstream area there is a second pipe - a riser pipe, which transfers water from the downstream of the dam to the upstream of the dam to the second water level, which is lower than the first water level relative to the specified reference level, and in the downstream area of the dam there is a fish gate designed for a fish opening to allow the fish to enter the riser so that the hydraulic flow in the riser can lift the fish from the downstream of the dam to the upstream of the dam. Thus, when the fish gate is closed, the bypass water flow is substantially and effectively limited by the intensity of the entraining flow. The entraining water flow can be controlled by means of a specialized valve or a group of such valves controlled by a control device. According to another embodiment of the invention, such a valve is controlled remotely by electrical signals and/or a seasonal timer. The entraining current is used to draw the fish closer to the riser. The impact of the bypass water flow on the efficiency of power generation is considered to be insignificant.

Then, through the operation of the ejector and the formation of the current, incoming fish are sucked into the riser through the ejector, move through the riser to the upstream outlet, and are released from the riser to continue their journey to the spawning grounds. In an embodiment, the flow in the riser is boosted by a pump to provide sufficient pressure to create flow in the riser up to a certain height relative to the reference height. To ensure that the most viable fish specimens are capable of spawning and maintaining the fish population, the riser pipe diameter is chosen to match the size of the largest fish found in the river system. According to an embodiment, the riser is selected such that its diameter is at least 1.5 times the size of the largest fish found in the river system, i. e. the maximum size of the fish in the transverse direction relative to the direction in which the fish swims. According to an embodiment, there is a group of risers whose diameters vary according to the specific size of the fish. In such an arrangement, the entry of larger fish into too narrow tubes is limited, for example by guide devices, in order to sort the fish into sizes for a suitable riser tube.

In practice, an appropriate part of the pipes may be buried in the bank or in the bottom of the river channel, when, taking into account the landscape, economic feasibility and especially maintenance, such a solution is considered justified and economically advantageous, but the structure is required to be invisible and / or properly mixed. with landscape. In some cases, industrial facilities may be such that the pipes can be left visible, intentionally in plain sight, however, with the condition that they fit aesthetically into the environment. According to a variant, the pipes used by the fish are made of transparent materials. However, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the buried pipe or part is equipped with a waveguide to make it easier for fish to enter the pipe if such a pipe is buried in the ground or placed in a large dark building. In an embodiment, the water in such pipes can be illuminated with fish lights to make their migration more natural by providing appropriate lighting. The control device can control the luminaires.

The implemented scheme of operation is cost-effective and safe, also for fish, so that the risk of fish disease due to injury is significantly reduced when compared to conventional technology used in fish ladders and/or lifts in fish passes.

In addition, fish can conserve their energy resources while ascending in the current in the riser, so that viable fish tolerate the rise well and are more likely to survive to spawning grounds compared to a situation where the fish are struggling to the limit. It is likely that strong fish in better shape will produce more offspring, which will also be healthier. However, at the same time, weak fish can also pass through the fish ladder, but this is not at all an easy matter. Be that as it may, it is assumed that the subsequent rapid growth of fish resources is also expected as a basis for the development of fishing tourism as a local business.

Additional benefits of implementing a fish channel for migrating fish are, for example, the following:

a fish channel for migratory fish can be installed and, when necessary, inconspicuously blended into the landscape;

pipes are much more economical compared to cast concrete structures;

does not require maintenance;

turbine bypass tunnels are not required for fish to pass through;

the flow through the dam is practically negligible;

noticeable savings in the acquisition and construction, installation is simple and economical;

safe passage upstream for migratory fish;

fish stocks are expected to grow rapidly, fish tolerate the upstream transition well and remain healthy after such a transition.

Fish passage for migratory fish can add value, as will be shown below, but not limited to these aspects:

applicable to already existing dams, so there is no need for expensive special solutions to bypass the turbines;

installation of pipes as such is simple;

cost effective;

fish are healthier and more viable also in the spawning grounds, so that the offspring also become more viable, especially in the long term, when migration to the upper reaches is carried out through the migratory fish channel;

- 5 040499 fish resources are becoming richer for recreational fishing in salmon rivers and/or rivers with other migratory fish;

the local business based on fishing tourism revives.

The term number in this document means any positive integer starting with one, such as one, two, three, ...

The term group refers to integers starting with the number two.

The term contain is used as an open expression in derivative forms as well.

The terms point or location, such as entry point or entry point, means a context-specific point or location, pipe end and/or branch end, particularly in connection with the terms entry point, intake point, outlet point, or location.

The term first and/or second, etc. are used to distinguish objects of one kind from the same objects of another kind, while the number of objects is not limited only by the number of objects named in the expression.

Brief description of the drawings

Embodiments of the present invention will now be discussed in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 shows an example of a fish ladder according to known technical solutions;

fig. 2 depicts an exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrating the operation of a hydraulic flow generating device;

fig. 3 shows an example scheme for implementing a fish pass for migratory fish;

fig. 4 depicts an example of a 3D piping topology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 shows a movable fish channel for migratory fish; an example of a mobile fish pass for migratory fish (MFPU) with free flow at the point of release;

fig. 5A-5C illustrate examples of implementation of the elements of the system according to the invention;

fig. 6 shows an implementation example of a MFPU as a system element in detail;

fig. 6A shows an exemplary fragment of an implemented fish pass for migratory fish;

fig. 6B shows an example of an implemented reflux migratory fish gate (UPFM) for use as an upstream element of the system; moreover, the node provides a point of release and a point of water intake;

fig. 6C depicts an exemplary system implementation using migrating fish entry points such as RPU and RPU as elements of the system;

fig. 6D depicts an exemplary fish pass system for migratory fish;

fig. 6E shows an example of a control device according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6F shows an example of valve system operation and an example of a corresponding timing chart;

fig. 7 depicts an example of the implementation of the anchoring of the RPU (and/or RPUO) to the bottom of the river channel or to the bottom of the tank with the anchoring element as an element of the system;

fig. 8 shows an example layout of a migratory fish passage according to an embodiment of the invention with multiple entry and collection points, each equipped with a group of valves;

fig. 9 depicts an example of a spatial diagram of an embodiment of the invention corresponding to the diagram of FIG. 8;

fig. 10 depicts the release of fish from a migratory fish channel as an example of fish exiting upstream from a release point near a dam;

fig. 11 depicts the release of fish from a migratory fish channel as an example of fish entering the upstream from a remote release point further from the dam;

fig. 12 and 13 depict the implementation of parts of the system used to form a return channel bypassing the turbine leading from upstream to downstream and respectively located near the dam (Fig. 12) and at a more remote location from the dam (Fig. 13); and fig. 14 shows an example of an operating diagram with parts of the system that form a fish return channel bypassing the turbine, the system being implemented with a fish detection sensor located upstream of the dam.

Implementation of the invention

In the various figures, like elements are assigned the same reference numbers, unless explicitly indicated otherwise. Within the same reference number, an object belonging to one embodiment of the invention need not be exactly identical to another similar object assigned the same reference number. On the contrary, from the context

- 6 040499 a person skilled in the art should be able to see the potential difference in application between such options, if such a difference exists. Certain embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other in appropriate part.

Fig. 2 depicts an implemented illustrative object 200 for explaining a device that corresponds to embodiments of the present invention, while the object 200 is a passive illustrative object, as a demonstration version of the device 200 of the migratory fish passage unit, RPU (MFPU, from the English. Migratory Fish Passage Unit) . The demonstration device 200 illustrates a device shown in natural scale and containing the following relevant parts: an intake pipe 1, an entry point 2 for collecting fish that, in the process of migrating upstream, are to be transferred through a riser 3, the riser 3 itself, a dam 4 and a point 5 issues. The term point per se, in connection with entry point 2 and exit point 5, refers to the end portions of the pipes of the completed structure, whereby at least the value of the pipe diameter defines, according to an embodiment, the area or volume that is expected to lie near the end of the pipe. at the indicated points. The intake pipe 1 and riser pipe 3 shown illustrate the migrating fish passage flows that pass the dam 4 between the downstream 217A and the upstream 217B of the river channel.

The exemplary object 200 explains embodiments of the invention, wherein in addition to the pipes and flow directions shown, the object 200 explains the principle of operation at a certain level on a small scale, for example, for purposes of illustration for business meetings.

In FIG. 3 shows an example of a scheme of operation of an implemented fish passage for migratory fish with a RPU according to an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with the depicted example of a structure, this design uses a pump 7 to compensate for flow losses in the pipes.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said pump according to the embodiment of the dam 4 may be located upstream or downstream of the dam 4 or both, in order to provide a certain functional redundancy and/or to obtain pumping power for very long pipelines in structures with extremely long pipes (in which it would be more expensive to install a single pump than two small ones). In this exemplary embodiment, the pump 7 was installed upstream, but could be located at a point closer to the branch of the entrainment feed pipe 10, even (alternatively) near the downstream end of the intake pipe. One aspect of this embodiment is whether the pump 7 is more of a suction type pump or a pressure type pump. According to an embodiment of the invention, both types of pumps can be provided for the purposes of redundancy and diversity in operation, in order to insure operation against interruption and/or malfunctions.

The valve group 99 controls the flow in the lift pipe and the intake pipe in the respective part for the entry of fish and/or water flow. The valves 99 will be discussed below with reference to the operation of the valve system 99 of FIG. 6d. At a proximal location at the riser, the valves shown may be opened, closed, or set between fully open and fully closed positions to control flow in the riser 3 and/or the intake pipe 1 and/or branches from said pipes 1, 3.

Fig. 3 also explains such an embodiment, which includes a control device 301 for controlling the collection of fish specimens, as well as the collection of water samples and/or samples to control the composition of the water, especially from the flow in the riser 3, or to control the flow meter.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the device 301 can be used to measure the flow to control the flow of water or a corresponding pump. The device 301 also illustrates the devices in the sampling of water for the measuring passage 11 (see Fig. 5C). With proper choice of passage design, it is also possible to sample fish specimens, as illustrated by the upstream version of device 301.

In FIG. 3 also shows the approximate diameters of channels and pipes corresponding to the example shown, however, the diameters are not limited to the values shown.

For example, riser pipe 3 in this example is set to 50 mm and intake pipe 1 is set to 200 mm (meaning the diameter). Although each pipe as such is shown to have a constant diameter between the entry point 2 and the exit point 5, it is intended that the embodiments are not limited to the above exemplary values in the device and/or the RPU, or only to a constant diameter. According to an embodiment of the invention, the entraining flow 10 was supplied, for example, using a pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, but this example does not limit the possible embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 3 also illustrates the locations of the downstream 217A and upstream 217B of the dam 4. The natural flow of water in the direction of the riverbed is indicated by the slope of the arrows, with the point of the arrow indicating the respective direction upstream or downstream of the dam 4.

- 7 040499

Fig. 4 illustrates an example of the operation of a realized fish passage device for migratory fish in the downstream area. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, pump 7 (which is not shown) is upstream (see pump 7 and weir 4 in FIG. 3). However, although a pump is not shown, in embodiments where a pump is to be used, in some embodiments, the pump may be located in the dam 4, near or adjacent to the dam, or downstream of the dam. According to FIG. 3, the pump 7 can be designed so that its suction side is on the upstream side and its discharge side is on the downstream side with respect to the inlet pipe 1. The intake point 12 is located upstream of the pump from the inlet pipe 1. Diagram, an example of which shown in Fig. 3 can be used in designs corresponding to FIG. 4, to manage the pipes and pipe layout. The control device can be used to control valves (flaps) and flows.

Fig. 4 explains the functional diagram by showing in three-dimensional form the device according to the present invention, wherein the entry point is formed from a pipe containing two branches. According to an embodiment of the invention, the entry point contains two parts, but according to some other embodiments, the number of branches can be large. According to yet another embodiment, said branches have their own ends which are spaced apart but join together at the riser pipe. The specific example does not limit the other possible options to just the given construction, but the number of branches may be greater than two. Backup risers can also be used according to an embodiment of the invention. According to an embodiment of the invention, two or more entry points can be configured to alternate between open and closed states to allow fish to access the respective riser or branch.

In FIG. 4, the dashed line ellipse illustrates the RPU located downstream of the dam.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the water intake point 12 in FIG. 3 is located close to the surface of the water so that the outlet point 5 can be located lower from the surface, deeper to create a difference in hydraulic pressure between said points.

In FIG. 5 shows equipment according to an embodiment of the invention to show the water flowing freely from the point of discharge, from the end of the riser pipe 3.

The equipment in Fig. 5 is implemented as a device that is similar to a full-scale structure that could be used in a rigidly mounted form on a hydroelectric dam as a fish passage for migratory fish, but in FIG. 5 is scaled down so that it can be transported by car or trailer as shown in FIG. 5. This embodiment conveniently realizes a movable fish passage for migratory fish for use in a small fish farm or for local transportation according to needs and emergencies. A mobile fish passage for migrating fish can be implemented in the corresponding part according to the scheme of FIG. 3, while the pipes, where appropriate, can be made of a flexible or elastic material. The mutual position of the entry point, the water intake point and the outlet point depends on where the mobile device is installed - at the upstream or downstream of the dam. If necessary, a pump may be used so as to provide flows and/or stimulating flows in accordance with the scheme of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 also shows, in relevant part, a version of a mobile embodiment of the turbine bypass path system portion for use in a fish farm.

According to FIG. 5A and 5B and in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, at least one of the water intake point 12 and/or the outlet point 5 is connected to a floating buoy or pontoon so as to directly follow the water level at the corresponding location without fear that the point 12 of the water intake of the intake pipe 1 will be above the surface of the water when the water level drops. Likewise, the entry point 2 can also be made floating by a buoy or pontoon 501 downstream. Examples of such embodiments are shown in FIG. 5A and/or 5B.

In the example in FIG. 5A, the intake point 12 at the end of the pipe is positioned so that it is kept in the water by attaching the intake point 12 to the pontoon 502, and so that the end of the pipe is below the surface of the water. According to another embodiment, the end of the outlet pipe 5 is positioned to be held in the water by being attached to a pontoon below the surface of the water at a certain depth. According to an embodiment of the invention, the pipe end of the intake point 12 is attached to the same pontoon as the pipe end of the discharge point 5, but said ends are fixed so that they are at a constant vertical distance h from each other so that a pressure difference is provided between them. The specified vertical distance can also be obtained by placing the ends of the pipes of points 5 and 12 at a distance from each other so that they stay in the water at the bottom of the river, while the end of the pipe of point 12 is located upstream, and in order to effectively gain distance h along vertical, the location will depend on the slope of the riverbed.

Although, as an embodiment, the RPU assembly relative to dam 4 has been shown in the lower

- 8 040499 downstream, according to another embodiment of the invention, another RPU can be used upstream to keep the end of the pipe at point 5 and/or the end of the pipe at point 12 near its location. With such an embodiment, the upstream pipe connections can be reversed compared to the downstream pipe connections, so that the water flows in the respective part are reversed. A person skilled in the art, having familiarized himself with the embodiments of the present invention, will be able to make connections for this embodiment. In FIG. 5a and/or 5B of the explanation to point 5 and from point 2 illustrate a riser 3 that follows from downstream to upstream according to the example of FIG. 3.

In FIG. 5B, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the pontoon 502 and/or pontoon 501, when deployed, are anchored respectively to a particular pontoon reservoir 504, 503 to support the pipe ends of points 5, 12 or the pipe end of point 2 (at the location of the reservoir 503) below the surface of the water. . According to the invention, the pontoons 503 and/or 504 are flooded to the bottom of the river, so that even if the river is almost completely shallow to a depth at which the average migratory fish of the river system will still be able to swim, the pontoons 501 and/or 502, despite the strong shallowing rivers will still be able to stay afloat in a specific pontoon tank to which the pontoon is tied and remain operational for fish migration. In an embodiment, the pontoon reservoir may also prevent the pontoon or buoy from drifting due to current or wind.

According to another embodiment, anchoring of the RPU can also be done with an anchor attached to the pontoon, as shown in the example of FIG. 7, wherein in very shallow river systems the anchorage is fixed in the tank, but optionally fixed to the river bottom without a tank in such river systems that do not become shallow enough to require a tank at the time of year when migrating fish spawn. The scheme of Fig. 7 explains that the size of the anchor interface can also be quite large, but it is not limited to the size ratios shown in the figure, rather, anchoring as such can be done in a variety of ways to keep the pontoons in the right place, and can also be done using cables.

The pontoon tank can be fitted with suitable fine meshes and/or labyrinths to keep floating debris out, although it can be made free as the tank may need to be cleared of debris and sludge that settles in the tank.

Accordingly, the downstream pontoon 501 can be tied to the pontoon tank 503. The pontoon 501 can serve as a pontoon for the RPU. The abbreviation RPUO in FIG. 5B is used to represent a version of the RPU that is reversed with respect to the directions of flow (as indicated by the letter O in the abbreviation RPU), while pipes are connected in an appropriate way upstream to ensure the operation of the device. Thus, the pontoon 502 can serve as a pontoon for the RPU, which is connected in the opposite way, i. for the RPU. Then the pipe end of the entry point 2 can be fixed at a suitable level below the surface of the water, and migrating fish can enter the fish passage in dry river conditions, even if the water level variations are large. According to an embodiment of the invention, the pontoon 502 may serve as a pontoon for a fish pass in the form of a SRCH, although in FIG. 5A is not labeled as such.

As a possible embodiment, in FIG. 5A, the broken line shows the integration of the elements, while inside the line, a part of the active elements of the pipelines of the fish passage for migrating fish is clearly shown.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the integration touched at least one of the following elements: the end of the pipe at the entry point 2, the end of the pipe at the outlet point 5 and the end of the pipe at the intake point 12, which were integrated into the parts of the pontoons so that the entry point 2 of the lower pontoon 501 the tailwater is separate from the headwater pontoon 502 as such, although connected (or may be connected) by pipe and valves to the headwater pontoon. The dam is marked with index 4.

In FIG. 5A and 5B, said elements 501, 502, 503 and 504 according to the invention are elements of a system formed by using a flow generating device according to an embodiment of the invention. With regard to the implemented RPU and/or RPUO as parts of the implemented device and/or as applied elements of the system, these nodes will be considered according to FIG. 6-6F.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the water intake point 12 at the end of the pipe is connected to its own buoy or pontoon, which is anchored in the appropriate part, for example, to the river bottom and/or to the bottom of the tank 503, 504.

It is known to those skilled in the art from embodiments of such structures that the pontoon can be tethered to a specific position using a bail that extends from the surface feature to the appropriate pontoon structure. Pipes for transporting water, which are part of the elements of the implemented system, can (according to aspects of operation) be equipped with elastic elements for fastening to a buoy or pontoon, so that the water intake point, thanks to elastic elements and / or bending material, can follow the level of the water surface in

- 9 040499 upstream and/or downstream of the dam 4. Similarly, the fish release point 5 may be equipped with a buoy or pontoon and may be in a lower position than the intake point 12 to maintain a hydraulic pressure difference despite water level variations. According to an embodiment, the water intake point 12 and the release point 5 are installed on the same buoy or pontoon, but at different levels, so that the water intake point 12 is closer to the surface of the water than the outlet point 5 (by a distance h, as in FIG. 5A). The pontoon or buoy according to the invention can be implemented as a RPU pontoon and/or as a RPU pontoon.

The intake pipe 1 transfers water to the entry point 2, which in the implemented design is carried out by a pipe 610 which leads to a node 602 from where the fish are fed into a guide pipe 603 which leads to a riser pipe 3; then, due to the ejection suction at the entry point, the fish to be transferred to the riser 3 swim from the downstream, passing the dam, to the upstream, and exit the riser 3 at the outlet point 5. According to an embodiment of the invention, the water point is protected so that fish do not have access to it if it is not safe for the fish, especially when the migration season is in full swing and the fish are expected to migrate upriver. The protection can be removable if the pipes are intended to be used as a return passage for returning fish, for the passage of fish bypassing the turbine.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the intake pipe can be used during the fish return season when the fish return from their spawning grounds; in this case, the pipe can be used as a fish passage that bypasses the turbine tunnels. In this embodiment, the fish can be directed through the proper valves of valve group 99 from the pipe, guiding the fish from upstream to downstream. Valves can be used to control the amount of water that passes through the dam to reduce water loss. This can be achieved by controlling a group of 99 valves over time to allow the fish to pass through the corresponding valves.

Debris or other foreign objects that could enter the pipes and would most likely cause clogging can be filtered from the water that has access to the device from the point 12 of the water intake. Valves of group 99 can control which of the possible branches of pipes are active in such designs, in which there are a number of possible options for using the inlet pipe 1 and/or riser pipe 3 to operate in parallel as parts of a fish passage for migratory fish. There is also the possibility of organizing an entraining flow 10 of water from the intake pipe 1 to attract migrating fish to the entry point 2 so that the instinct can direct the fish to the required passage in the opposite current.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the measuring passage 11, which for example is located upstream (however, it is not intended to limit the measuring passage to the position shown in the example), contains a counter for counting the number of fish moving in the riser. Measuring or counting fish is also considered in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5C. In an embodiment, the fish count is based on an optical signal, such as a light beam from a light source; when the fish crosses the light beam, a pulse is generated that characterizes the length of the fish to be determined, and therefore its size and the numerical value of the fish, when the magnitude of the flow and the speed of the fish can be measured accurately enough on the basis of an optical signal that is in the right place in the transducer converted into an electrical signal, which is further processed in electrical form. The numbers and/or size and/or fish species data may be stored in a database locally and/or via the Internet or other communication network. The signal from the counter, camera and/or image processing device and/or part of such information can be used, for example, to generate a control signal. Alternatively, the count may be in the relevant part based on the acoustic echo from the fish or part thereof.

According to an embodiment, a camera can also be used, so that when the fish pass through the riser 3, the scale applied to the background and/or the virtual scale of the image processing device can be used to reliably estimate the size of the fish. During fish counting, a detector that is used to detect fish, due to the presence of an obstructing fish (i.e. large enough to block the view of other fish that could potentially be in pipe 3 at the same time) in the counting passage, other fish per se may not be detected, however, if the device is capable of detecting potential other fish, then according to the pulse counting embodiment, a dead time correction may be necessary when a dense school of fish appears at the detection point passing the detection device.

According to an embodiment, the camera can be combined, by means of a conventional computer of known type, also with the Internet, to enable the study of fish not only locally at a given location, but also by remote researchers, so that they can use the data obtained through the measuring passage. The setup can be configured to use an appropriate replaceable/openable flange and a water seal that can be used to catch fish specimens to be individually measured and/or released back.

By proper selection of the light source as part of the system for an optical counting device, such as a laser or optionally a white light source, spectrometric absorption measurements can be made using non-invasive optical techniques if the spectrometer and/or optical signal generating components are used. to study fish, and/or analyze water, and/or determine the composition of the water.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the valves 99 form a group of valves and are closing dampers, which as such contain a mechanical part, but according to an embodiment also contain an electronic part, which can be controlled by electrical control signals in order to mechanically act on the passing through flow from the side at least one damper from the valve system 99 when said damper is actuated. In an embodiment, the control signal is a digital signal, or in another embodiment, the control signal is an analog signal. According to an embodiment, the signal may be an optical signal intended to be transmitted to an interface for conversion to an electrical signal. The main signal in optical form may be preferable to the electrical signal in places where, for example, strong magnetic fields are present. According to an embodiment, the control signal transmitting device (transmitter) and the control signal receiving device are compatible in terms of the type of signal they operate on digital or analog. According to an embodiment, wired signaling is preferable in long distance underwater transmission conditions due to underwater radio wave propagation properties if the optical signal cannot propagate long enough distances in water.

Also according to FIG. 3 and/or 5C, the measuring point 11, which can be implemented in the riser 3 before the release point 5, can even be placed in the laboratory of the waterworks, so that the fish in the riser 3 can be photographed and/or filmed, but also determined the size of specimens by non-invasive methods, provided that the pipe has a transparent part, a window, for the use of optical instruments for the specified purpose. Such a measuring point 11 can be equipped with a counter for counting fish. The tubular design of the migratory fish pass system provides convenient options for embodiments of the invention and contributes to the accuracy of the analysis being carried out. From the embodiments of the present invention, it should be clear to the person skilled in the art that the measurement data thus obtained can be transmitted in the form of electronic signals via the Internet or a local network to other participants interested in fish data, which should be analyzed in the appropriate part and stored to the required extent.

According to an embodiment, fish detection can be used to generate a control signal that depends on the number of fish in the pipe, but also a delayed signal to control the measuring passage according to the positions of the fish. Thus, the fish can be photographed, but also, if the fish has an individual electronic marking chip that can be seen under proper conditions, then recognition of said chip can be made, and if the chip was actively collecting information, then such information could be unloaded at measuring site 11. Fish can also be recorded on video. According to an embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to classify fish according to their size relative to an appropriately selected pipe size, so that fish count statistics of a certain size can be obtained more reliably, since the corresponding part is based on figure recognition. You can also make allowance for waiting time when estimating the number of fish if there are many fish in the counting area and the count is based on pulse counts and/or pulse widths.

The measuring point (or points) 11 can also be used to control the composition of the water by taking water samples in the appropriate embodiment, where there is an appropriate valve for taking a water sample. In such a case, it is possible to study, for example, the content of oxygen and/or other gases in the water, water-borne substances and soluble compounds, even trace levels of substances, compounds and/or bacteria or other microorganisms from the samples.

The oxygen content can be used as an indicator of the number of fish in the pipe (in the pipe at the same time), or the indicator thus obtained can be used as a signal to the control device and/or to generate a control signal in order to increase the oxygen content in accordance with the number of fish. . The oxygen content can be effectively increased by increasing the flow of the pump 7 to reduce the average retention of fish in the pipe, as well as by pumping air or oxygen directly into the water of the fish pipe. In a group of risers, provided that each riser is equipped with a measuring passage, it is possible to measure and/or adjust the operating parameters according to the fish in the particular tube.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the resulting oxygen concentration and the resulting sensor signal can be used to control the pump 7 and/or to close or open dampers near the entry point to control the flow of water in the riser.

- 11 040499

Optionally or additionally, the control signal may be based on the concentration of carbon dioxide. The sensor may be optical, and spectroscopic techniques may be used to measure absorption and/or emission spectra, to the extent appropriate.

By using a densitometer, it is also possible to control the turbidity of the water so as to estimate the content of suspended particles carried by the water. Thus, the densitometer signal can be used to generate a control signal to add the proper amount of clean water to the fish system. According to an embodiment of the system, a measurement signal indicative of oxygen concentration, particulate matter concentration, and/or carbon dioxide concentration can be used as a trigger signal to trigger a device in response that increases the supply of air or oxygen to the water when the signal falls below threshold level. Optical windows in the measuring section also facilitate spectroscopic measurements to obtain information about the water carrying substances through an absorption spectrometer or an emission spectrometer in order to control the composition of water and its components. Thus, measurements can be based on elastic and inelastic scattering analysis and/or analysis of the optical transmission of the medium. Light is electromagnetic radiation of the optical range that penetrates into the water and/or travels in it a macroscopically detectable distance, at least a few centimeters, through the water in the measuring section to the detector of the detection device.

Fig. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the invention aimed at providing a fish pass for migratory fish, RPU.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the migratory fish gate may be provided by a migratory fish gate, RPU, as shown in the example of FIG. 6. FIG. 6 shows a RPU, a fish shuttle, which includes at least one pontoon, although the example shows two pontoons. The number, dimensions, shape or dimensions of the pontoon 501 are not limited to the example shown, provided that the assembly in question is able to float on the surface of the water by means of pontoons, and the bell 601 (on the leading pipe 603 with a valve in the form of a damper), forming the entry point, is located at least at least partly below the surface of the water so that the fish can swim into the bell. The dimensions of the socket are indicated by the symbols d (height) and w (width). The dimensions shown in this example may be to scale, but are not required for designs that use different dimensions, aspect ratios, and/or number of tubes 603 that lead to riser 3. the angle β with the direction of the oncoming flow, which is shown by an arrow, and the fragment in the upper right corner depicts the exit side, showing how the direction of the flow that enters the riser pipe 3 (toward pipe 3) is set. In FIG. 6, two pipes 603 are implemented, both of which carry water from the socket 601 to the outlet of the RPU to a point marked to the pipe 3, which will convey the flow to the outlet 5 (see Fig. 5A, 5B and 3) according to the example circuit of Fig. 5A and 5B illustrating the system. The pipes 603 are positioned so as to draw water from the socket in accordance with the position of the valves which, with their shutters 608, are located in the intermediate part 602, which also provides an entraining flow of water by supplying water to the pipe from the flow of the intake pipe 1. Said pipe is arranged so to further branch the flow in accordance with the branches of the pipe and the corresponding valves in order to control branch flows, and also to create an active current to entrain (suction) water into the pipe 603 from the socket 601 and further through the pipe 603 to guide fish in the stream water to the riser pipe 3 and through the pipe 3 to the outlet point 5 (Fig. 3) upstream. The valves of valve group 99 will be discussed in more detail with reference to FIG. 6F.

The entraining flow can be delivered by a group of valves which doses the amount of entraining water. This is shown in a fragment of Fig. 6F in conjunction with the right portion of FIG. 6 with a damper position to separate the projections of the vertical branches of the pipe 610. On the left, a dashed line near 610B indicates the ceiling of the flat channel under the intermediate part 602, so that the channel 610B is arranged to deliver entraining water to the socket 601, and thus to increase the effect of entraining water on fish to enter the bell 601. The intermediate portion 602 in this design example may include two valves internally, so that each controls its conduit 603 in accordance with the presence of fish and/or the scheme implemented according to FIG. 6F.

According to an embodiment of the invention, actuation of the valves can be performed by means of a control signal from a fish gate sensor or according to a timing diagram. According to an embodiment, the valves can be controlled according to a timing diagram such as shown in FIG. 6 for valves V2 and V6. The entraining water flow can be dosed by a group of special valves to control the distribution of the entraining flow of the RPU unit. By using these valves, water is conserved, so that it is not necessary to continuously pour water over the dam 4. At the other end of the RPU there is a chassis 607 with valves that act in the same way as an intermediate block as the intermediate part 602. There are also valves for access control fish into the area of local flow constriction

- 12 040499 (English VCR, Vena Contracta Regime); such valves are shown as an example in FIG. 6F, where the flow from the intake pipe passes through the pipes 603 and continues through the intermediate block 607. According to an embodiment, it is also possible to force the flow towards the block 607 by creating an ejection effect due to the additional water flow supplied through the pipe 610, so that the water in pipe 603 (and the fish at the corresponding valve of the fish passage) can have access to the confuser (eng. VC.Vena Contracta), and through it to the riser pipe 3. The term confuser refers to the area where the flow section is compressed due to the converging element that forms the flow , coming from the RPU to the element with tubular geometry - to the riser pipe 3.

The compression angle, which can also be considered as the flow acceleration angle α, is shown in detail in the upper right corner of FIG. 6. Element 606 is an intermediate connecting element for connecting flows from pipes 603 to the confuser. In appropriate embodiments, the ejection action may be implemented at block 607, and the ejector outlet structure may be used at element 606 to direct the flow into the confuser, with the flow accelerated in the confuser before entering riser 3.

Element 605 illustrates a RPU chassis with pontoon supports 501 and pipe supports 604 603. The above examples of supports do not limit the idea of the invention to the design or number of supports shown.

The dashed line 610B indicates a shallow passage for the auxiliary entraining water flow in a separate passage emerging from the intermediate portion 602 and/or from the valves therein.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the intake pipe 1 can feed the pipe 610 in a suitable part. However, according to a possible variant, the entraining flow of water supplied to the channel 610B can be created using a separate line that comes from the upstream of the dam. In yet another embodiment, such a separate entraining water line can be provided with a pump, or in another embodiment with a pressure pump, so that a rapid supply of water is ensured in order to create as proportionate and justified entraining flow as possible. According to an embodiment, the confuser is symmetrical so that the angle α is the same in both the vertical compression direction and the horizontal compression direction (Fig. 6 shows the horizontal compression direction).

Although some of the parts shown in FIG. 6 have a rectangular geometry, a person skilled in the art should understand that the RPU elements having a rectangular geometry, within the framework of the idea of the present invention, can also be made of other geometries. As an exemplary embodiment of the invention, entry point 2 may be provided in the area of flap valve 608.

Fig. 6A illustrates an implemented RPU design in various views; the top of the figure is a side view showing one tube of the RPU unit. The flap valves 608 open in the direction of the flow, turning to the right (lower edge of the flap rises). The height of the RPU in the example is designated H and the length L, which in the example are respectively 3 and 12 m. It is not necessary that these dimensions are shown to scale, but they do not limit the idea of the invention. On the bottom left is the view from where the fish swim into the FPU in the downstream of the dam (the fish tend to enter the funnel 601).

Fig. 6B illustrates an FPLC assembly located upstream such that the assembly is used to create a floating release point for fish. To clarify the water intake, the drawing shows additional pipes for the RPUO. Collaboration is illustrated in Fig. 5A and 5B. Flap valves, if used in the design, open in the direction of the water flow by pivoting around a hinge located on the top edge of the flap.

Fig. 6C illustrates the passage of fish bypassing the turbine, which uses a RPU to form the fish entry side in the upstream of the dam and another RPU to form the fish exit side in the downstream of the dam. Between the entry point of the fish and the exit point of the fish is a siphon pipe, shown schematically in FIG. 12 and 13. The valves can be actuated in accordance with the signals from the sensors installed according to FIG. 12 and/or 13, as well as in accordance with the diagram of FIG. 6F in the required part for fish entry. It is also possible to close the corresponding valves if the RPU (or RPU) is intended to be used with such valves, i.e. stop unwanted currents, which are related to the entrainment of water, since the siphon pipe is the pipe that leads to the downstream.

According to an embodiment, the downstream and upstream RPU units can be interconnected by means of a siphon pipe, this scheme also providing a fish passage that bypasses the turbine units. The RPU as such can also be implemented downstream, and the flap valves 608 are configured to open in the direction of the flow to allow fish to pass downstream of the considered flow in the pipe, even if the direction of the flow inside the pipe turns out to be opposite to the direction of the river, especially in the riser pipe, which used as lifting, feeding or using currents. Such an RPU node is referred to as an RPU to emphasize that the passage of fish through this element occurs in the opposite direction along

- 13 040499 compared with the RPU, and the direction of flow in it is reversed with respect to the RPU.

In a design variant equipped with valves that take the intake pipe flow to use it as a siphon pipe flow, one RPU unit and one RPU unit can be used to operate the system in both directions. However, the system can also be implemented with specialized RPU and RPUO units in both directions of fish migration. The use of the RPU and/or RPU units in the appropriate part in the proper places provides an easy way to follow the water surface.

In FIG. 6C shows an embodiment in which the flap valves 608 of the downstream RPU assembly can rotate in the opposite direction than the flap valves of the upstream RPU assembly, but in the direction of flow in the pipe. The operation can be controlled by the signals of the presence sensor, which detects the entry of fish. The intake pipe can be used as a siphon pipe, but if the fish move from downstream to upstream, a riser pipe may be required, which in FIG. 6C is not shown. The operation of the flap valves must be ensured as shown in Fig. 6A for the entry of fish in the downstream of the dam during their migration upstream of the river.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle α does not have to be the same for the RPCH and RPCU nodes, but it can be chosen as will be discussed in the example below. In the exemplary embodiments, the angle α is represented by the first angle α1 and the second angle α2, which may be different for a flow that is optimized for minimum loss for the respective specific location and embodiment.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle β does not have to be the same for the RPCH and RPCU nodes, but it can be chosen as will be discussed in the example below. In the exemplary embodiments, the angle β is represented by a first angle β 1 and a second angle β 2 which may be different for a flow that is optimized for minimum loss for the respective specific location and embodiment.

As shown in the implementation example shown in FIG. 6D, in cases where a pump 7 is used to supply water through the intake pipe 1 to the downstream, the siphon pipe can be used in both directions, as shown by the riser pipe 3, especially if there is only one season for upriver migration. or if there are not many fish species that migrate upriver in different seasons. The pump 7 is shown with a broken line, indicating that it may not be necessary at this location to deliver the intake water through the intake pipe 1.

According to an embodiment of the invention, in order to use the siphon pipe as the riser pipe 3, the location 12 of water intake into the intake pipe 1 can be appropriately chosen at a level below the water surface. In the upstream section, the funnel 601 need not be completely below the surface of the water. If the design uses a pump, for example, to reduce the load when the flow direction in the siphon pipe is reversed according to the direction of fish migration before spawning or after spawning, the water level h for the intake point 12 can be selected accordingly. The lower level of the water intake point 12 is shown by means of a pipe 1, which in the upstream is shown below the pontoon 502 in FIG. 6d. The pontoons 501 and 502 in the respective part can be selected according to the prevailing conditions upstream and downstream to keep the corresponding element of the system afloat, the difference between the pontoons 501 and 502 in many cases being related to their location, while the design of the pontoons in many cases is the same, taking into account the fact that the remaining elements of the RPU and RPUO of the system under consideration are practically the same in terms of keeping them afloat. According to an embodiment, at least one pontoon of the system is equipped with a system that makes it possible to adjust the immersion depth of the floating pontoon. This is achieved by equipping the pontoon with a valve that allows water to enter the pontoon, and to realize the possibility of lifting - equipping with a compressed air system, for example, to displace water from the pontoon.

Fig. 6E illustrates a plurality of functions provided for controlling the fish passage system for migratory fish in the corresponding part by such a control device or center, which is organized to control the operation of the elements of the system. The control device of Fig. 6E includes means 630 for reading sensor signals, for example to detect the presence of fish. The control device may also include means 631 for measuring the physical properties of the water, such as upstream and/or downstream temperatures, the composition of the water in the pipe, especially the content of oxygen and/or carbon dioxide. The spectrometer, if used, may be integrated into the system as appropriate, or mounted on an external structure. The controller may also include a timer 632 for measuring and/or setting delays, such as opening and closing valves. Also, a valve group, such as a valve group 99, can be appropriately controlled in an appropriate part. According to an embodiment, the control device may also include means 633 for controlling the operation of the pump, controlling flows, pressures in the pipe by hydraulic injection, and the like. According to options

- 14 040499 to the implementation of the invention, the control device may also contain a microprocessor 634 MP, memory 635, interface means 636 for ADC operations (for DAC operations, where necessary), for converting signals between digital / analog forms, especially with regard to the acquisition of measurement data, as well as to generate control signals for pumps and / or valves in accordance with their type and the need for formation for proper operation. The control device may also include means 637 for controlling the metering point valves and/or water seal, if one is used in the embodiment.

According to an embodiment, the control device may include means 638 for self-checking and alarming if the system's sensors indicate a malfunction (if, for example, a driftwood breaks a pipe, causing a loss of pressure, etc.). The control device also includes a database 639 and a memory 640 for collecting data for microprocessor operations in data analysis and/or signal processing, as well as for exchanging data with external participants, for example, via the Internet. Communication means 641 may be wired, wireless, or optical, as appropriate, to follow the proper communication protocol of the communication network. The control device may also contain means 642 for controlling light sources, especially at the measuring point, and also if the pipes are equipped with a light source, then the device may contain a counter 643 in an appropriate place for counting and/or measuring fish. According to an embodiment, the control device may also include a camera trigger 644 to control the acquisition of photos and/or video. Block 645 represents the infrastructure facilities for controlling the supply of electricity and/or pressures to operate the system elements, as well as the various relays and valves that need to be actuated to support the infrastructure. According to an embodiment of the invention, the control itself can be implemented by a computer program that runs in an appropriate microprocessor, but the system may also contain electromechanical intermediate devices for connecting the control element to the desired system element or part of the system. According to an embodiment of the invention, the control device can be implemented in a variety of ways, from a stand-alone system unit to a system unit integrated into the waterworks computer system. The implementation of the control device as such should be clear to those skilled in the art once the specialists become familiar with the description of the invention and its embodiments. According to an embodiment, the control device may also include means to support equipment control over the Internet, which can be used in the operation of sensors and/or in the delivery of control signals to system elements or parts of the system.

FIG. 6F illustrates the operation of the valves in the RPU embodiment corresponding to FIG. 6-6E. In FIG. 6F, symbols V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8 and V9 designate the valves, and also show the periods (phases) of their opening and closing, which are provided for the water saving operation. The valves in the example of FIG. 6 belong to the group of 99 valves. Light cells in the table indicate that the valve is open, and dark cells indicate that the valve is closed. Valves V2 and V6 operate to supply water to pipes 603 (FIG. 6). When open, these valves circulate water back upstream, provided that V4 and V8 are open, i.e. open for fish to enter the lifting pipe 3 through the guiding volume of the confuser. In order to ensure fish safety, the V4 and V8 valves in this embodiment are flap type valves. Valves V3 and V7 are closure type valves to allow entraining water to be supplied through the appropriate pipe 610 (entrained water line shown in broken line) to the locations of valves V4 and V8 so that the fish can instinctively enter the channel that leads to upstream, i.e. into riser pipe 3. In this embodiment, entrainment water is taken from intake pipe 1 through a branch that supplies entrainment water, adding it to the motive water for the RPU unit to create an ejection effect at the entry point in the bell 601. Valves V1 and V5 are valves folding type, providing fish access to the RPU; wherein said valves are designed such that their shutter pivots around a hinge formed at the top edge so that fish cannot be injured or endangered when passing through the valve. It is believed that entrainment valve V9 should be open at all times when entrainment water flow is required to also create an auxiliary entrainment water flow from the shallow channel 610B below the intermediate portion 602 to increase the fish's instinctive desire to enter the funnel 601 and any of the tubes 603 through appropriate flap valve V1 or V5 when the handheld unit is in operation. According to an embodiment, at least one of valves V3, V7, V9 is a controlled valve, while valves V2 and V6 can also be controlled by switching between open and closed states. According to an embodiment, at least one of them is supplied with water from a line that supplies entraining water through a pump.

According to an embodiment, at least one of the valves V3, V7 and V9 is controlled by an electrical signal and can switch between open and closed states in order to establish the flow of water. Valves V2 and V6 can be actuated to also supply entraining water along with water supply to create an ejection effect. However, if

- 15 040499 valves V1 and V5 are closed, entrained water can be delivered downstream through valve V9, shallow channel 610B and bell 601, so that the fish can find the right gates that lead upriver. Pipes 603 as well as pontoons 501 are not shown in FIG. 6F to more clearly show the details related to the valves.

V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 1 open closed open closed closed open closed open open 2 closed open closed open open closed open closed open 3 open closed open closed closed open closed open open 4 closed open closed open open closed open closed open 5 open closed open closed closed open closed open open 6 closed open closed open open closed open closed open 7 open closed open closed closed open closed open open 8 closed open closed open open closed open closed open

In the table, the phases of the valves V1-V9 are presented as eight combinations. Valves V1, V4, V5 and V8 are implemented as flap valves 608 intended for the entry of fish into the RPU and into the riser pipe 3. Valves V2 and V6 are implemented as shut-off valves, for example, with a diameter of 300 mm. Valves V3 and V7 are implemented as shut-off valves, for example with a diameter of 150 mm. Valve V9 is implemented as a control valve for entraining water flow.

Fig. 7 illustrates an example of the implementation of anchoring the RPU or RPU to the bottom of the river by means of a system element. According to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, concerning the elements of the anchoring device 700 and the intermediate connection 701, which are used to tie the RPU to the bottom of the river and / or the bottom of the tank, the broken line indicates the optional use of the intermediate connection 701, where one would be useful, for example, due to the structure of the river bottom. Such an anchor device 700, as an element of the system, can be lifted from the bottom of the river separately or together with the mounting chassis for the installation of RPU, RPUO and/or pipes, guide nets and/or valves, depending on the situation. For example, in this way it is possible to avoid damage to the system or its elements due to the opening of the ice cover, if there is ice on the river. Concrete, cables, beams, bolts and/or a profile can be used for intermediate connection during fastenings. Quick-release locks may be used to an appropriate extent, especially in those embodiments where the intermediate connection is intended to be established seasonally and/or even temporarily.

Fig. 8 schematically illustrates a fish passage for migratory fish according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8 shows a scheme of operation: a migratory fish passage containing entry points for a variant with multiple fish collection points. The device comprises a group of collection points connected in parallel, corresponding to FIG. 3. In FIG. 8 the fish F is guided by means of a guide device G to the region of the entry point 2 and from there to the riser pipe 3 and along this branch to the exit point 5. The riser pipe in the example of FIG. 8 is implemented as a conduit with parallel inlets, so that one riser receives fish from a group of feeding lines, each of which departs from an entry point. The example also shows that the same intake pipe 1 feeds all four entry points, however, the invention is not limited to the illustrated example of the number of entry points, the number of risers, the number of branches, or the example of pipe topology. Those skilled in the art can modify the pipe and branch structure based on the present invention to provide a flow pattern with a number of entry points for a particular riser flow when the pump capacity and differential pressures are desired. Valves are installed at the branch points of pipes 603 and riser pipe 3. Where applicable, the use of a confuser may be considered as a transition from pipe 603 to riser 3.

In FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the device of FIG. 8 corresponding to an embodiment of the present invention, however, in this case, only three branches of the hydraulic flow device are taken as an example, which form a fish passage device for migratory fish. It is also shown that the RPU is in one branch, and it is not intended to limit the number of RPU only to the example shown. However, the number of branches from the entry points 2 for the subsequent collection of streams or branches of the intake pipe 1 that lead to the entry points is not limited to the example shown, but can be practically any suitable for the structure of the river channel and / or river system in relation to which this structure is applies. According to an embodiment, the river may be of natural origin, may be a man-made structure and/or may be a river whose channel in the relevant part is built artificially, and it may also be a combination of the mentioned types of rivers. For the example in FIG. 9 shows an entraining flow of water.

Fig. 10 shows by way of example a fish passage for migrating fish, with the point 5 of fish release into the river bed being upstream, but close to the dam in this context, in the waterworks reservoir or at the entrance to the reservoir. In this exemplary embodiment, the fish exit at a release point 5 from a migratory fish channel near the dam 4 at a location upstream of the dam. Although the bottom is shown near the exit point 5 in the example, the exit point 5 may be located closer to the surface of the water, especially when a pump 7 is present in the system to compensate for pressure differences and/or pressure losses occurring in the flow. In the exemplary embodiment, the entry points 2 are located at a greater distance along the riverbed than the outlet point 5, however, it is not intended that the embodiments of the invention should be limited only by the topology and/or relative distances shown in the example.

As shown in the exemplary embodiment, the guide device G brings the fish to the bottom, to the entry point 2 near the bottom for the fish to go upstream by means of a RPU installed at the bottom of the river channel. According to an embodiment, the entry point 2 can be arranged downstream close to the surface of the water. In an embodiment, a group of entry points located at different levels in the water can be used so that the fish, following their instinct, can choose which entry point to use. According to an embodiment, the guide device G may be shaped to guide the fish from the bottom to the entry point. The guide device G may be made of a mesh material which is visible to the fish and which the fish will try not to collide with. Although the pump 7 is installed upstream, as in the case of the RPUO example, when necessary, the pump 7 can be installed downstream of the RPU.

Although the guiding device G is shown to be similar in structure to a net, in addition to or in addition to the net, interwoven or transparent materials may be used to guide the fish. It is also possible to manufacture guide devices from transparent materials, equipped with the same type of marks, which can be visible to fish. According to an embodiment, the guide device is made of a perforated transparent material so that water can pass through the side walls of the guide device. According to an exemplary embodiment, the pump 7 is used to create a pressure difference so that at the water intake point 12, water can be taken into the device to deliver it to the RPU and the entry point 2, which can suck water and fish in order to transfer the fish through the riser pipe 3 and release at point 5 release.

Examples of the invention are shown in Fig. 11. In this implementation of a fish passage for migratory fish, the fish release point 5 in the river channel upstream of the dam 4 is further from the dam than in the example shown in FIG. 10. In any case, the release of fish from the migratory fish passage is planned at the point 5 of the release in a place more remote from the dam. This more remote release site may be in the riverbed upstream of the dam reservoir or at the entrance to the reservoir, or even in the pit of the riverbed. The entry point, for example, is implemented near the bottom of the river channel, however, the choice of location is not limited to the option shown. The location at the water level can be chosen according to the fish species living in the river, according to the specific behavior of the fish species.

Fig. 12 and 13 illustrate embodiments of a system based on a migratory fish passage channel, in which the fish passage units of the RPU and/or RPUO are used in the relevant part, by means of a functional diagram, which in the example represents parts of the fish passage system, bypassing the turbine, from upstream to downstream. from a place close to the dam (Fig. 12) and from a place remote from the dam (Fig. 13). In both examples, a fish passage is implemented that bypasses the turbine. In the implemented system (in addition to the fish passage for migratory fish, which corresponds to an embodiment of the invention and through which fish can reach spawning grounds upstream of the dam), there is also a return path downstream through the fish passage, which bypasses the turbine. This fish passage bypassing the turbine is based, according to an embodiment of part of the system, on a siphon pipe, which, according to another embodiment, is constantly in operation when it is installed in the river channel.

However, according to an optional embodiment of the invention, an additional (optional) generator 139 can be installed at the downstream end of the siphon pipe 134, so that when the sensor 132 indicates no fish at the fish gate 133, the water flowing through the siphon pipe is directed to the generator 139 for power generation, but when there are fish at the gate 133, some water with fish is directed to the fish gate so that the fish are not injured in the generator. This can be achieved by a valve that has two positions that can be selected according to a control signal from a sensor and a suitable time.

According to an embodiment of the invention, fish are allowed to congregate at a specific upstream location close to or away from the dam through the use of a mesh structure.

- 17 040499 to guide the fish by means of the guide device 131 to the desired collection point (which can be considered as the point of entry of the upstream) and into the siphon pipe 134, from which the fish are then directed to the downstream fish gate 133, which through the fish passage formed by siphon pipe is located after the dam, so that the upstream sensor 132 activates the fish gate to allow the upstream fish to move through the siphon pipe to the downstream. A sensor can be installed at each end of the siphon pipe, in the pipe itself, or at some other nearby location, to detect fish entry and open the fish gate, in response to the detection of fish with the proper response time to conserve water if needed. In such design options, it is more optimal to keep the fish gate open if there are more fish on the way to the gate in the siphon pipe at the same time than it should be according to a certain criterion. The content of oxygen and/or carbon dioxide in the water of the siphon pipe can be monitored and measured by the same test measurements that were considered in relation to the arrangement of the measuring point in the riser pipe. Thus, it is possible to count the number of fish and/or the number of fish in the siphon pipe controlled by the fish gate.

According to embodiments of the invention, with reference to the examples of FIGS. 12 and/or 13, then in the appropriate part to ensure the access of fish to the siphon pipe in the upstream and/or exit from the siphon pipe in the downstream, fish passage units of the RPU and/or RPUO can be used.

An example of the passage of fish bypassing the turbine is schematically illustrated in FIG. 14.

According to an embodiment of the invention, as elements of the system, the dam 4 comprises a channel that bypasses the turbine and/or a fish channel for migratory fish. In an embodiment, the dam 4 includes a fish pass system for migratory fish. Although in FIG. 14 shows that the path of the siphon pipe 134 passes through the waterworks and even crosses the dam 4, this example does not limit the variants of the siphon pipe route only to the case shown. On the contrary, the details of the laying of the siphon pipe would depend on the local conditions and landscape at the location of the waterworks, which determine the economic, technical and/or aesthetic aspect of the choice.

The guide device 131 prevents fish from entering the turbine. In this version of the design, the water forces the fish to move towards the bottom. Sensor 132 sends control commands to the downstream end of siphon pipe 134. The valve 133, acting as a fish gate, opens and the water draws the fish away from the underside of the net, bypassing the turbine. If there are no fish, then the valve 133 is closed and the water goes to the turbine and/or the boundary part of the total flow goes through the generator 139.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the energy station as an element of the system comprises a fish channel for migratory fish and/or a channel that bypasses the turbine assembly, forming a system that includes the said parts of the system according to the respective embodiments. A hydroelectric power station according to an embodiment of the invention, according to an embodiment of the invention, comprises a dam.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the system comprises at least one of the following components: a guiding device, a grid, a guiding grid, a catching grid, a transparent guiding device, a measuring point for sampling water and/or fish or for part of these functions, a device for counting fish, and /or part of such a device, a control device, a turbine and a generator. According to an embodiment of the invention, the net is a net in the category of nets designed to classify fish by size based on the size of the meshes of the net, which allow fish that are smaller than the size of the net mesh to pass through said meshes. As the meshes of the net (mesh size) become smaller, the size of the fish penetrating the net also decreases. If the net is made of a rigid material, the fish do not fuss and stagnate against the net, but pass through the net, so that fish from the netted area can be counted in the appropriate measuring passage and/or removed from the area as large fish, which in further used, for example, as pet food.

Such a mesh/guide structure may be located at at least one end of the tubes of the migratory fish passage system. According to an embodiment of the invention, a siphon pipe and/or a riser pipe or a suitable branch can be provided for each size of fish to facilitate the study of fish in each class by fraction.

The mesh may be replaced or supplemented, to the extent appropriate, with a suitable guiding device of transparent or opaque material or other suitable structure which transmits light.

The system according to an embodiment of the invention may also comprise one of the following components: a fish proximity sensor and/or part of such a sensor, an automated shutter configured to operate in response to a signal from the fish proximity sensor to open and/or close the shutter. According to an embodiment of the invention, the shutter opening can be additionally used to activate another part of the system and bring it to operational readiness either immediately or with a predetermined delay in accordance with the location of the specified part of the system and its specific function. Accordingly, the fish that triggered the opening of the shutter may be filmed in the area of the measuring passage by a camera system that is installed there, or at another suitable location in the system that contains a camera system for this purpose.

If there are many fish in the pipes that carry water from upstream to downstream, then the migratory fish passage system may comprise at least one of the following components: an oxygen generator and an aeration device to provide oxygen to the water and, accordingly, the fish in the pipes in accordance with with an oxygen and/or carbon dioxide concentration control signal.

Example 1

The fish passage for migrating fish as a device is embodied in the form of a device for creating a hydraulic flow, carried out by means of a RPU, which, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, contains a device for creating a flow for creating an ejection effect (Fig. 6, 606, 607) in the part of the ejector, which is made with the ability to connect the flow from the intake pipe to at least the entry point to provide fish with access to the riser pipe and then to the outlet point through the outlet pipe channel, so that the flow of water from the intake pipe creates an ejection effect in which water is sucked into the pipe 603 ( Fig. 6) and into the riser. According to an embodiment of the invention, at least one RPU and/or at least one RPU is used in a migratory fish pass.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the riser at its beginning or immediately before its connection to the RPU contains a forming element in the form of a confuser or a half of the confuser with an exit angle α (see RPU in Fig. 6) on the outlet side of the RPU, and the confuser is designed so that the taper angle of the riser pipe wall relative to the flow direction creates a local flow constriction near the beginning of the riser pipe and at the place of its beginning. According to an embodiment, said angle α is the angle of compression of the flow or the angle of acceleration of the flow, and in relation to the riser, it can be considered as the angle of water intake. According to an embodiment of the invention, the confuser has a conical shape at its inlet, so that it defines a cone-shaped volume (with an angle which has been called the outlet angle) as implemented in the design of FIG. 6, into which the flow from the RPU exits to further enter the riser. According to an embodiment, the angle α in the example of FIG. 6 is shown schematically according to flow compression, although a different distance may be realized at a different angle than what is schematically shown for pipes 603.

The entry point contains an input component, which in FIG. 6 and 6A is implemented as a bell; wherein the inlet component 601 has a tapered shape with respect to the direction of flow, wherein the constriction angle β of the flare is implemented as a free angle in order to draw water into the RPU at the entry point of the assembly. The shape was chosen to minimize the effects of drag causing turbulence and/or backflow losses, and to minimize the diversion of the water flow from the streamlines.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the minimum value of the compression angle α may be approximately 7°. According to another embodiment of the invention, the minimum value of the compression angle α may be higher than 10°. According to another embodiment of the invention, the minimum value of the compression angle α may be higher than 15°. According to an embodiment of the invention, the maximum value of the compression angle α may be below 40°. According to another embodiment of the invention, the maximum value of the compression angle α may be below 30°. According to another embodiment of the invention, the maximum value of the compression angle α may be below 20°. According to an embodiment of the invention, the compression angle α is selected between a specified minimum value (eg 7°) and a specified maximum value (eg 40°) and is eg 18-28°.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the minimum value of the angle β of the socket can be higher than 10°. According to another embodiment of the invention, the minimum value of the socket angle β may be higher than 15°. According to another embodiment of the invention, the minimum value of the angle β of the socket can be above 25°. According to an embodiment of the invention, the maximum value of the socket angle β can be below 55°. According to another embodiment of the invention, the maximum value of the socket angle β can be below 40°. According to another embodiment of the invention, the maximum value of the socket angle β can be below 35°. According to an embodiment of the invention, the socket angle β is selected between a specified minimum value (eg 10°) and a specified maximum value (eg 55°) and is eg 30-45°.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle between the pipe wall and the direction of flow, in particular the compression angle α and/or the inlet flare angle β, is respectively constant on each side of the reshaping RPU element. According to an embodiment, said

- 19 040499 the consistency is moderate, so that there may be some steps, ridges or other uneven surfaces, such as marks from the manufacture of the machine tool or traces of other processing methods, but according to an embodiment, this surface can be intentionally made rough so that the mucus can stick to and remain on the pipe wall, and just as in automobile engines the surface structure of the cylinder holds engine oil for lubrication, the slime protects the fish from injury if the fish collide with the pipe wall in the confuser or with surrounding surfaces in the riser.

According to an embodiment of the invention, in the mode of local flow constriction in a converging volume, the part of the volume that changes the shape of the flow, at least one of the angles - compression angle α and/or entry point flare angle β - is described by a mathematical function. According to an embodiment, said function is a line of a conic section. In an embodiment, said function is an exponent, and in another embodiment, a series of exponents. According to an embodiment, said function is the line of the longitudinal section of the funnel pipe.

According to an embodiment of the invention, at the element downstream of the ejector section (confuser in flow compression mode), in particular in the region of the critical constriction, the angle α (but also/or in the region of the entry point, the angle β) can be made adaptable by means of a double wall, so that at least one of said walls, which is part of the double wall and faces the constriction of the pipe volume, is made of an elastic material, which allows a section of said walls to adapt to the pressure of the medium in the double wall intermediate volume. Thus, the elasticity of the elastic part of the wall can influence the change in shape, in particular at the point of constriction. The thickness of the wall material near the constriction or at the constriction may be less than in the surrounding locations on the inside of the double wall structure so as to allow at least one angle α to be adaptable so that it can change depending on the pressure between the walls so that the shape of the compressing cone could purposefully change due to the inner wall of the pipe.

According to an embodiment, a confuser, which is a conical element containing at least an inlet cone, is provided to set the flow into the riser pipe from the ejector section. According to an embodiment, the ejector section and the confuser are made in the form of modules and can be separated from each other so that they can be serviced individually. The medium may be water and/or compressed air, or any combination thereof, as appropriate, especially if the correct pressure can be maintained for optimal inlet and outlet angles, for example, by means of a properly selected pump or its bypass valve. flow valve) or a chute (English water bar) in a vertical position.

According to an embodiment of the invention, pipe 610 may include an ejector structure that is attached to the pipe and is otherwise shaped to maintain flow and/or set a certain amount of flow due to the flow and/or pressure in the intake pipe, while the specified flow can be set by the flow in the intake pipe to enter the riser pipe.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the realized use of the ejector structure as such for establishing the flow in the confuser and/or riser stems from the driving energy of the jet acting in the structure on the suction side

The flows in the proper part can also be set by means of a group of ejectors controlled by valves or suitable flow forming elements, by means of which the flows are controlled by means of special valves of the group of valves, which are controlled by switching between fully open and fully closed positions. The group of valves can be implemented according to FIG. 6F, the operation of the valves is controlled in accordance with the depicted timing and/or phase diagram or, when applicable, in the appropriate part according to the control signal of the fish gate sensor.

Example 2

According to embodiments of the invention that use a pump to compensate for pressure losses in the flow and/or other pressure losses, a standby pump can be used in parallel as a spare element to implement the redundancy function in the system. Thus, although in some redundant cases the pumps are forced to work in rotation, one pump can be put on service while the other pump can be in operation or standby as another additional pump in the group of redundant pumps.

According to an embodiment of the invention, said group of pumps may consist of pumps that operate differently, have different designs and/or different principles of operation, in order to provide functional diversity in the group of pumps. The purpose of diversity is to counter potential failures and/or breakdowns among certain types of pumps by ensuring that a pumping operation is performed by a group of pumps.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the principle of functional diversity and/or redundancy is applied to a group of valves that are used to control the flow in the pipe and/or the access of fish to the riser pipe and/or siphon pipe for transport.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the principle of functional diversity and/or redundancy is applied to a plurality of system elements, which, according to an embodiment of the invention, perform the same functional task.

Example 3

According to an embodiment of the invention, the pipe in the implemented form, the riser pipe, the intake pipe, the supply pipe and/or the connecting section leading to other parts of the system, part of the elements of the system, in the appropriate part, are adapted to be mounted on the chassis. According to an embodiment of the invention, the chassis (FIG. 6, 605) is mechanically rigid so that the tubes in the implemented form are not required to be rigid, i.e. self-supporting without chassis structure, in the chassis area. Thus, the structure can, in the appropriate part that forms the RPU or RPU, be lifted away from the river channel and lowered back into the channel when the onset/cessation of ice breaking is expected. According to an embodiment, the chassis is an element of the system, which is provided as an auxiliary to the system and for its assembly. According to an embodiment, although the system contains transportable parts that must be moved according to the seasons, embodiments of the system with a lifting function are considered to be rigidly mounted structures.

Example 4

According to an embodiment of the invention, the chassis is tied to the bottom of the river channel as such (Fig. 7) either directly to the tank (Fig. 5B, 503, 504) or to a special anchor device (Fig. 7, 700). The anchoring device as an element of the system is provided to keep the attached and/or connected parts of the system in a certain position in the river channel, so as to prevent the shift of the RPU and/or RPUO from the intended average position due to the flow of water and/or impacts on the stones of the river bottom, in particular in those embodiments that are used in conjunction with a buoy or pontoon to support pipes or elements of a fish pass system for migratory fish. According to an embodiment of the invention, the anchoring device is made of concrete, stones and/or steel or metal in the proper proportion and/or proportions and shaped appropriately to the shape of the bottom of the river channel to facilitate the removal of the system from the bottom and setting on the bottom. The anchor device can be designed so that it can be reloaded together with other elements of the system within the same lifting operation or sequentially in order of turn to be lifted. According to an embodiment of the invention, although the system contains transportable parts that must be moved in accordance with the seasons, embodiments of the system with a lifting function are considered to be rigidly mounted structures.

Example 5

According to an embodiment of the invention, the entry point comprises a valve, which is one of a group of 99 valves, and allows fish to enter the migratory fish passage so that the fish can be carried upstream, or, if the entry point is upstream, allows fish to pass bypassing the turbine so that the fish can be carried downstream. The valves have been discussed in detail with reference to FIG. 6F. According to an embodiment of the invention, the valve is arranged so that it contains hinges at the upper edge of the shutter, which can be rotated. It is assumed that when the fish collides with the shutter, the latter will not cause damage to the fish, or damage will be minimal due to the direction of rotation of the shutter, if at all.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the shutter is shaped in accordance with the opening for the passage of fish. According to one variant, the damper has a rectangular shape, according to another variant, it has a square shape. According to an embodiment of the invention, the pipe at the point of entry has a square section, so that at the same flow rate, a higher mass flow can be obtained compared to a round pipe, the diameter of which is equal to the side of the square of the square pipe.

Example 6

According to an embodiment of the invention, the intake pipe and the riser pipe are arranged coaxially. According to an embodiment of the invention, the riser pipe is located inside the intake pipe. According to an embodiment, a group of risers may be provided. In such a group, it is not necessary that all pipes have the same diameter, but some of the riser pipes may have a certain special diameter in accordance with the fish living in the river system.

According to an embodiment of the invention, also a fish passage bypassing the turbine, which leads from upstream to downstream, is implemented by means of a intake pipe or a suitable part thereof, if applicable. According to an embodiment, the siphon pipe can also be located in the same intake pipe as the riser pipe, but according to another embodiment, it is laid separately.

- 21 040499

Nesting pipes within others, by way of example, can be advantageous in steep mountain slopes or similar environments where installation is difficult or expensive or where significant space savings are required. In such systems, where RPU and/or RPU nodes are used in the downstream and/or upstream of the dam, pipes, inserts and/or penetrations can be made in accordance with normal connections to connect the RPU and/or RPU nodes according to the purpose of the node in question in designated place.

Example 7

In an embodiment, elements or parts of the system may be coated to prevent mechanical wear. According to an embodiment of the invention, where applicable, a coating may also be made in order to prevent sedimentation. Those skilled in the art familiar with the embodiments of the present invention should be aware of how to apply, for example, a diamond-like coating (DLC, from the English Diamond-Like-Coating) or other suitable coating to a pipe, joints or valves, preventing wear. According to an embodiment of the invention, the pipes can also be made of a material that is resistant to mechanical and/or chemical wear under the conditions of a river system. In particular, for example, the pH of the water can influence the material selection of the various assemblies.

The scope of the embodiments for each claim is defined by the following claims. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the individual features of the embodiments may vary within the inventive concept in accordance with the embodiment under consideration.

Claims (14)

1. A fish pass device for migrating fish, characterized in that it contains a device for creating a hydraulic flow containing at least one fish pass for migrating fish (RPU, RPUO), and the specified device for creating a hydraulic flow contains a riser pipe (3), providing the ability to migrating fish, located downstream in the riverbed, to rise upstream in the riverbed to the point (5) of release, the intake pipe (1) and the branch element, which is a section of the fish passage for migratory fish (FPU, RPUO), intended for connection of said intake pipe (1) and riser pipe (3), wherein the device for creating a hydraulic flow contains at the branch element an entry point (2) for migratory fish to access the channel leading to the riser pipe (3), wherein the riser pipe (3) is provided to set the direction, move in the riser (3) and exit the fish passage for migratory fish at point (5) you start, located upstream relative to the barrier (4) to the flow in the riverbed, and to organize the flow of water through the device for creating a hydraulic flow beyond the barrier (4) to the flow, in the direction opposite to the flow of water in the river channel, the device for creating a hydraulic flow contains an intake pipe ( 1) for taking water from the upstream relative to the barrier (4) to the current, from the point (12) of water intake, and transferring it to the downstream relative to the barrier (4) to the current, to the entry point (2), where the fish gate is located in the fish passage device for migratory fish, to provide fish access to the riser pipe (3) from the specified entry point (2) and movement of the said fish downstream in the specified riser pipe (3) in the direction of the upstream of the river channel to the outlet point (5), and the point (12) the water intake is located in the water at a higher level than the specified outlet point (5). 2. A fish passage device for migratory fish according to claim 1, characterized in that the fish passage gate at the entry point (2) is configured to be moved to the open position in response to a signal for detecting the presence of fish near the gate. 3. A fish passage device for migratory fish according to any one of claims 1, 2, characterized in that, in order to attract fish to the entry point (2), means are provided for creating an entraining flow of water, moreover, these means are configured to supply an entraining flow (10) of water to entry point (2). 4. A fish passage device for migrating fish according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains at the entry point (2) an ejector element (602) to create a suction flow into the riser pipe (3) to transfer water from the point (2 ) entry to point (5) release. 5. A migratory fish passage device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first pipe, as intake pipe (1), contains a pump (7) to compensate at least pressure losses in the water flow in pipe (1). 6. A fish passage device for migrating fish according to claim 5, characterized in that the pump (7) is located at the water intake point (12) or near the water intake point (12) to increase the pressure in the intake pipe (1). 7. A system for passing migratory fish through the dam (4), containing a siphon pipe (134) extending from the upstream (217B) of the dam (4) to the downstream (217A) of the dam (4), to create a return path for migrating fish, when this size of at least one of the pipes and siphon - 22 040499 pipes are specially selected in accordance with the size of fish known for a given river system to move these fish upstream and / or downstream, characterized in that it additionally contains a fish passage device for migrating fish according to any one of claims 1- 6. 8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that it contains at least one shutter (133) for passing fish to open the flow in the pipe by opening the shutter in the direction of flow, when, based on the sensor signal (132), at least one of the following conditions: when the fish is near said gate in the upstream portion of said siphon pipe (134) and is ready to move downstream; when the fish is near said gate in the downstream portion of said siphon pipe (134) and is ready to move downstream and out of the siphon pipe; when the fish is near said gate in the downstream portion of the riser pipe (3) and is ready to enter the riser pipe (3); and/or when the fish is near said gate in an upstream section of the riser pipe (3) to exit the riser pipe (3), and/or when the fish is near such a gate in an intermediate section in the pipe, which is at least at least one of said riser pipe and siphon pipe, between an upstream section and a downstream section of said pipe. 9. The system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises a sensor (132) near said shutter (133) to detect the presence of fish at a distance to initiate the opening of the shutter in accordance with the activation threshold of the shutter (133) to open said pipe . 10. A system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that it comprises, at the end of the pipe, a guide device (G) for the fish, in order to guide the fish into at least one of said pipes, at least one of said pipes and/or to prevent fish from entering the turbine tunnels. 11. The system according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that it contains a bottom structure at the bottom of the river channel to prevent driftwood from entering the turbine tunnels or damaging the elements of the system. 12. The system according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that it further comprises at least one of the following components: a dam, a generator, another flow barrier, a fish ladder, a river water channel, river water, a river channel, fish, caught from the system, a net, a guiding element, a catching net, a sampling interface for water and/or for fish, a part of such a sampling interface, a fish counting device or a part of such a device, a fish imaging device, further comprising a device for capturing stationary image and/or video image capture device, hydroelectric power plant, mill, device for using the energy of the water flow, engineering networks for using the energy of the water flow, pump, installation for generating energy for the specified pump, such as a device for obtaining mechanical energy from the water flow, installation for generating electricity, turbine, turbine tunnel, unit, fish pass for migratory fish (RPU), migrating fish pass with reverse flow (RPU), incinerator, internal combustion engine, fish presence sensor (132) to detect the proximity of fish to the location of the shutter (133), automatic shutter, made with the possibility of opening and /or closing on a signal from a fish presence sensor, indicating the proximity of fish to the location of the shutter. 13. The system according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that it further comprises an aeration device and/or an oxygen generator for providing oxygen to the fish in the system pipe. 14. A fish passage unit (RPU), (RPUO) for migratory fish, configured to form an intake stream in the intake pipe to provide migratory fish, at the entry point, with access to the stream passing into the riser pipe at the branch element, and for the passage of the stream into lifting pipe of the fish passage device for migrating fish according to claim 1, made as an element of the system according to any one of claims 7-13.