EA039735B1 - Door - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a door comprising a door leaf and a guide rail arrangement, in which the guide rail arrangement comprises supplementary rails which cooperate with guide means arranged in the region of an edge, which leads during an opening movement, of a door leaf member which leads during the opening movement, said supplementary rails comprising a third section which linearly extends above the second linearly extending section and approximately in parallel thereto.

Description

The invention relates to doors having a door leaf which can move along a path defined by a guide system between a closed position, in which it is located approximately in a vertical plane, and an open position, in which it is located above human height, preferably in a horizontal plane, which has several links of the door leaf, located one after another in the direction of movement of the door leaf and pivotally connected to each other relative to the hinge axes passing perpendicular to the given trajectory, while the guide system has two guides located in the area of the side edges of the door leaf running parallel to the given trajectory, each of which has a first section extending substantially rectilinearly approximately parallel to the side edge of the gate leaf in the closed position approximately in the direction of gravity, a second section extending substantially rectilinearly approximately parallel to the side edge of the collar 400 mm or more, preferably 420 mm or more, particularly preferably 450 mm or more, in particular 500 mm or more.

Such gates are used to close the openings of buildings having a height of 3.50 m or more, which are found in industrial workshops, warehouses, aircraft hangars, or the like, where appropriate height clearances are needed.

Individual, hinged to each other links of the door leaf, during the opening or closing movement, pass an arcuate section of the guides, in which they change direction between the vertical orientation, which they assume in the closed position, and the generally horizontal orientation, which is assumed in the open position. This makes it possible to move the door leaf without having to provide for this an excessively large space for large area reversible closing elements. At the corresponding gates, the opening movement is usually supported by a balancing system, which generally has a spring system.

The system of springs during the closing movement is strained with the absorption of the potential energy given off by the door leaf. The energy stored in the spring system then serves to maintain the opening movement. To this end, the spring system is usually connected to the door leaf by means of a traction means. The traction means is fixed with one side on the lower edge of the door leaf in the closed position, and with its other end, during the opening movement, it can be wound onto the winding device.

In order to save costs, it has proved expedient to use a traction means in the form of a wire rope. Such a wire rope can be wound on a winding drum located above the arcuate region, while the smooth winding and unwinding of the wire rope is facilitated by the fact that the wire rope during the winding process is guided in a groove extending in a spiral manner around the axis of the drum and is wound with the formation of only one wound layer.

In order to maintain the opening movement, an electric motor drive may also be provided, which is connected to the winding drum and whose dimensions, taking into account the support provided by the spring system, are selected so that the desired opening speed can be created, while the winding drum is driven to rotate around the axis of the drum, due to whereby the wire rope connected to the lower edge of the door leaf is wound on the winding drum, and the door leaf is lifted in its entirety.

With this drive concept, the motor drive is directly connected to the winding drum running coaxially to the winding shaft. It's about the drive shaft. The spring system may have a torsion spring, spiraling around the winding shaft, which is stressed by the closing movement of the door leaf due to the rotation of the winding shaft, during which the wire torso is also unwound from the winding drum.

In another drive concept, the motor drive is connected to a traction means that usually extends over the building opening to be closed, starting from the building opening towards the interior of the building. This traction means can be carried in a drive bar, wherein the motor drive is mounted in the region of the end of the drive bar facing away from the building opening and is connected to the traction means that extends endlessly in a circle in such a way that the traction means is driven in a circulating motion. The endlessly circulating traction means is then connected to a coupling system which, on the other hand, is usually rotatably fixed about an axis of rotation running parallel to the hinge axes on the upper edge of the door leaf in the closed position. In this case, we are talking about a drive with guide rails.

Regardless of the drive concept, the spring system can be designed as a torsion spring system located above the opening of the building, while the winding drum can be installed coaxially with the torsion spring shaft. Appropriate drive systems and spring systems

- 1 039735 may also find use in the framework of this invention. Therefore, within the framework of this invention, it is also possible to refer to known drive concepts and known designs of spring systems, optionally having torsion spring systems located above a building opening.

Regardless of the concept of the drive and the design of the spring system, the individual sections of the door leaf, as already mentioned above, pass through the arcuate section of the guide and experience acceleration there, caused by the so-called polygonal effect. Accordingly, the articulation between the individual sections of the door and the guide system is subjected to accelerating forces which, on the one hand, cause wear and, on the other hand, generate noise. The accelerating forces caused by the polygonal effect depend, on the one hand, on the radius of curvature of the inner guide surface of the arcuate section of the guide, and on the other hand, on the height of the door links in the direction of the side edges. At gates for closing openings of buildings having a height of 3.50 m or more, in order to reduce the number of required links of the door leaf, such links of the door leaf are used that have a height of 750 mm or more, which leads to correspondingly high polygonal accelerations.

In order to reduce the resulting forces, it has already been proposed to increase the radius of curvature of the inner guide surface of the arcuate section, starting from the original about 360 to 400 mm or more. However, this increase in the radius of curvature on the inner guide surface (inner radius) results in an increased area requirement for the entire structure, because a space must be provided above the opening to be closed having a height corresponding to this radius to accommodate the arcuate portion. To eliminate this drawback, it has already been proposed to install in the region of the edge of the uppermost link of the door leaf, which is ahead of the opening when moving, a guide link interacting with the guide system in such a way that the distance from this guide link to the inner limiting surface of the door leaf, facing in the closed position to the closed space, at reaching the closed position was increased so as to bridge the distance between the inner limiting surface of the door leaf and the arcuate section of the guides. Due to this, the vertical orientation of the door leaf in the closed position becomes possible even when the upper edge of the door leaf in the closed position is located between arcuate sections of the guide system located at least partially in the region of the lateral edges of the building opening. To do this, the guide link, which is usually made in the form of a guide roller, is fixed on the uppermost link of the door by means of a holder pivotally connected to the uppermost link of the door with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis of rotation running parallel to the hinge axes. Upon reaching the closed position, this holder rotated relative to the uppermost door link in such a way that the distance between the guide roller or, respectively, the axis of rotation of the guide roller and the inner limiting surface of the door leaf increased.

However, as the radius of curvature of the arcuate section increases, the construction costs and the mechanical load on the rotary holder also increase. Further, with an increasing radius of curvature, the distance bridged by the holder between the inner limiting surface of the door leaf and the guide roller fixed on the uppermost link of the door leaf in the closed position of the door leaf also increases, which leads to instability of the entire structure.

In view of these problems in the prior art, the invention is based on the object of providing gates for closing building openings having a height of 3.50 m or more, which, on the one hand, require only a small installation space above the building opening, and, on the other hand, make it possible to reduce mechanical load during the opening and closing movement.

In accordance with the invention, this problem is solved by improving the known gate of the above-described type, which differs essentially in that the guide system has additional slats that interact with leading guides installed in the region of the leading opening movement of the door leaf link, which have a third straight section passing over the second rectilinearly passing sections approximately parallel to them.

This guide system, specifically known from the field of garage doors for closing the openings of buildings having a height of less than 3.0 m, usually less than 2.50 m, for example from EP 0230999 A2, makes it possible to move the closing of the door leaf, in which lagging behind during movement closing, the edge of the door leaf must not pass through the arched section of the guide system, but with the help of an additional bar it is directed to the closed position, in which the uppermost link of the door leaf, just like the links of the door leaf located below it, are located approximately in a vertical plane.

Within the framework of this invention, it was found that an additional bar of the guide system can be designed and mounted in such a way that even at gates for building openings having a height of more than 3.50 m, it does not interfere with either the movement of the door leaf itself or the winding process associated with the lower edge 2 039735 winding drum, preferably also located at the gate according to the invention above the arcuate section of the guide system, traction means, which, for example, can be made in the form of a wire rope having a diameter of 3 mm or more . Thus, corresponding door leafs having correspondingly high (700 mm or more) door leaf links, along an arcuate section having a radius of curvature in the area of the inner guide surface of more than 400 mm, in particular 500 mm or more, and correspondingly low accelerating forces, with a relatively high speed to open and close without the need to create an excessively large installation space above the opening of the building.

Within the framework of the invention, the uninterrupted winding and unwinding of the traction means of the balancing device that supports the opening movement of the door leaf is facilitated by the fact that the third rectilinearly extending section of the additional bar at its front end, facing in the closed position of the door leaf to the inner limiting surface of the door leaf, facing the door leaf closed by it space, passes into a downwardly sloping end section, which ends at a distance in front of the plane containing the inner limiting surface of the door leaf in the closed position. At the same time, in the closed position of the door leaf, between the inner limiting surface of the door leaf and the front end of the falling down end section of the additional bar facing this inner limiting surface, a space is created in which the traction means passing between the winding drum located above the arcuate section and the lower edge of the door leaf, can move during winding. Due to this, the winding process becomes possible without disturbing the guide system even when the winding drum has such an axial length that in the mounted state it penetrates the plane containing the guide system and extending perpendicular to the axis of the drum. A suitable axial length is needed for the gate according to the invention when the rope length corresponding to the height of the gate is to be wound around it and there is not enough space to increase the radius of the drum. The area between the plane, which in the closed position contains the inner limiting surface of the door leaf, and the end of the additional bar facing this plane is expediently more than 2 cm, preferably more than 5 cm. of the upper gate link in the closed position, this distance is preferably less than 20 cm, in particular 15 cm or less.

When the end section of the additional bar in the closed position ends at a distance in front of the inner limiting surface of the door leaf, this distance must be bridged by means of a holder installed on the inner limiting surface of the door leaf in the region of the upper edge of this limiting surface in the closed position. On the other hand, the corresponding distance between the guide element, installed by means of this holder on the inner limiting surface of the door leaf, and the additional bar in the open position of the door leaf would lead to bending of the leading door leaf link in the movement of the opening relative to the trailing door leaf links and a corresponding fracture. Such a fracture can lead to damage in the region of adjacent edges of successive links of the door leaf.

For this reason, within the scope of the invention, it is particularly preferred that the leading guide means, i.e. the guide means installed in the area of the upper in the closed position edge of the door leaf have a guide element placed in an additional bar, such as, for example, a guide roller, supported for rotation about an axis of rotation, passing approximately parallel to the hinge axes, which is pivotally connected to the leading link gate by means of a holder installed with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis of rotation running parallel to the hinge axes on the gate link advancing during the opening movement. With the help of such a holder, a construction can be implemented, in which the axis of rotation of the guide roller in the first position of rotation of the holder, adopted in the closed position, is located from the inner limiting surface of the leading link of the gate in the direction of the end section of the additional bar at a distance that, when the opening movement of the door leaf due to rotation holder shrinks.

Thus, the distance between the end section of the additional bar facing the inner limiting surface of the door leaf in the closed position and the inner limiting surface of the door leaf itself in the closed position can be bridged by means of a holder, while the distance between the guide element and the limiting surface of the door leaf during the opening movement is shortened in order to avoid breakage in the region of the edges facing each other of successive door leaf links.

The distance between the axes of rotation of the guide rollers of the leading guide means and the inner limiting surface of the door leaf can be particularly easily adjusted in order to avoid breaks in the open position on the one hand, and to bridge the distance between the front end of the end section of the additional bar and the door leaf.

- 3 039735 leaf in the closed position, on the other hand, when the holder is fixed on the forward link of the gate by means of a fastener fixed relative to the inner limiting surface of the leading link of the gate, while the holder is held on the fastener with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis of rotation, preferably passing in the direction passing perpendicular to the inner limiting surface, in a closed position into a closed space with a shift to the inner limiting surface, and / or the position of the fastener relative to the lead link of the door can be selected in some plane containing it, in particular in the direction of the side edges of the door leaf .

In this case, the position of the fastening means relative to the inner limiting surface of the door leaf link can be selected and locked in the selected position. To do this, the fastening link, for example, by means of a screw connection, can be fixed on the inner limiting surface of the door leaf link, while corresponding screws pass through the elongated holes in the fastener, which make it possible to displace the fastener relative to the screws placed in the link of the door leaf and allow caging, when the screws are tightened selectively in the desired position.

Additionally or alternatively, the position of the axis of rotation, relative to which the holder is rotatably held on the fastening means, can be adjustable and/or lockable in a direction extending perpendicular to the inner limiting surface of the door leaf.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the advancing guide means have two guide rollers which are rotatably supported on a carrier relative to axes of rotation running parallel to the hinge axes. In this way, the movement of the door leaf can be stabilized in the region of the leading edge during the opening movement. When the guide rollers of the leading guide means are placed in the closed position in the downwardly sloping end section of the additional bar, and the axis of rotation of the holder is then located under the axis of rotation of the guide rollers, then back-sliding protection can also be provided.

When pressure is applied to the upper edge of the uppermost link in the closed position of the door leaf, the axis of rotation of the guide roller adjacent to the axis of rotation located between the axis of rotation and the other axis of rotation forms an axis of rotation, relative to which the holder, under pressure on the upper edge of the door leaf, rotates in such a way that the adjacent roller hinged axle, the guide roller is forced out to the lower guide surface of the downwardly falling end section, while the other guide roller, located on the side of this axis of rotation facing away from the axis of rotation, is pressed out to the opposite side of the end section of the additional bar, so that the guide rollers are wedged in the end section. section of the additional bar, as a result of which there is a resistance to the movement of the opening with pressure on the upper edge of the uppermost link of the door leaf.

It turned out that this blocking action is particularly effective when the guide plane containing the axis of rotation of the guide rollers makes an obtuse angle with the plane of rotation containing the axis of rotation and adjacent to the axis of rotation or, respectively, the nearest axis of rotation, and this plane of rotation in the closed position, starting from the axis of rotation in the direction of the line of intersection of the guide plane and the plane of rotation, rises steeper than the guide plane, which rises in the closed position, preferably approximately parallel to the tangent to the end section of the additional strip.

In order to avoid kinks in the open position of the door leaf, it has proved expedient that the guiding plane, the swivel plane and the swivel axis are positioned so that the guiding plane in the open position on the side of the pivot axis facing the inner limiting surface of the leading link of the door leaf runs approximately parallel to the inner of the limiting surface, preferably approximately coplanar to it, due to this, the distance between the inner limiting surface of the leading link of the door leaf and the axes of the guide rollers mounted on it is reduced so that the leading link of the door leaf in the open position is located approximately in the same plane as the trailing links of the door leaf , the movement of which is directed by means of a guide roller placed in the second rectilinearly passing section of the guide located below the additional bar. Then it should only be provided that the distance from the axes of rotation of the guide rollers mounted on the lagging links of the door leaf and the inner limiting surface of the corresponding links of the door leaf approximately corresponds to the distance between the third straight section of the guides of the additional bar and the second section of the guides.

As already mentioned at the outset, it is especially advantageous for the doors according to the invention if a balancing device is provided to support the opening movement, which has a traction means connected to the lowest link of the door leaf in the closed position, moreover

- 4 039735 this traction means during the opening movement can be wound on a winding device located above the arcuate section or behind the end of the second rectilinearly extending section facing away from the arcuate section. As with traditional doors, the traction means can, for example, include a traction cable made in the form of a wire rope, and a winding device a winding drum rotating about a drum axis running parallel to the hinge axes, having a guide groove in the side surface that spirals around the drum axis. drum for winding on it during the movement of the opening of the traction cable. When the balancing device has a torsion spring located above the arcuate section of the guide system or behind the end of the second straight section facing away from the arcuate section, the axis of the drum can extend coaxially with the axis of the torsion spring. The torsion spring in this case preferably extends around a torsion spring shaft which is connected without rotation to the winding drum.

Uninterrupted winding and unwinding of the traction cable can be achieved when the section of the traction cable connecting the lowest link of the door leaf with the cable drum during the opening movement at its end facing the cable drum, starting from the region of the cable drum facing the side edge of the door leaf, moves in the direction facing from the side edge of the door leaf of the cable drum area and at the same time reaches and, if necessary, passes a plane penetrating the additional bar and passing perpendicular to the hinge axes. The space required for this is created for the gate according to the invention when the additional bar ends at a distance in front of the inner limiting surface of the door leaf.

Similar to traditional doors, the cable drum of the door according to the invention can also be connected to a torsion spring system located above the arcuate section and stressed during the closing movement, the axis of the drum preferably running approximately parallel to the axis of the torsion spring.

As part of the optimization of the movement properties of the gate according to the invention, it has been found that the accelerations and forces due to the polygonal effect are only slightly reduced when the inner radius of the arc-shaped, in particular circular arc-shaped guide section is greater than 600 mm. Therefore, in order to optimize the movement properties while reducing the space requirement, it has proven to be advantageous if the inner radius of the arcuate portion is less than 800 mm, preferably less than 700 mm, in particular 600 mm or less. In this connection, according to the invention, it is particularly preferred that the inner radius is between 500 and 600 mm.

Of course, the accelerations and forces due to the polygonal effect also depend on the height of the door leaf links. As part of further optimizations, it turned out that the kinematics of the movement of the door leaf while limiting the structural space is particularly satisfactory when the ratio of the inner radius of the arc-shaped, preferably circular arc-shaped section of the guide to the height of at least one link of the door leaf, preferably all links of the door leaf, in the direction , running parallel to its (their) lateral edges, is greater than 0.6, preferably greater than 0.65, particularly preferably 0.665 or greater, in particular 0.68, but less than 0.8, preferably less than 0.75, particularly preferably 0, 7 or less. In this case, the height of the door link is the height of the visible surface of one individual door link in the assembled state in the closed position. In the event that gate links having pinned protective profiles on the upper and lower edges are used, which are described, for example, in EP 370376 A, this does not take into account the height of the ledge installed in the closed position in the recess on the lower edge of the panel located above it, in area of the upper edge of the gate section when determining the height of the gate section. Then the height of the gate link can also be determined so that the height is measured from the top of the recess in which the base element is placed, at the bottom edge of the gate link, to the top of the ledge.

Corresponding to this, the height of the gate section of a gate section located in the closed position between two gate sections is the vertical distance between the hinge pins intended for this gate section in the closed position.

Particularly good results have been achieved with door leaf link heights ranging from 500 to 950 mm, in particular 600-900 mm, particularly preferably 700-800 mm, and inner radii in the range 400-650 mm, in particular 420-600 mm, particularly preferably 480 -530 mm, while the limits from 740 to 760 mm of the height of the link of the door leaf and 500-520 mm of the inner radius turned out to be especially preferable.

As has already been explained above, it is particularly advantageous if a motor drive device connected to the door leaf is provided for carrying out the movement of the door leaf. Optimized by optimizing the inner radius of the rails and the heights of the door leaf links, the kinematics of the door according to the invention can also be used to carry out the opening and closing movement at an increased speed. On the other hand, especially

- 5 039735 in the area of the closing movement, care must be taken that objects and persons are not damaged or injured by the leading edge of the door leaf. Conventional pinch protection devices at high door leaf speeds are too inert to provide sufficient protection. For this reason, the drive device of the gate according to the invention is expediently designed so that the closing movement of the door leaf is automatically braked when the leading edge of the door leaf during the closing movement has a height of less than 2.50 m, below which, in particular, it is necessary to be careful not to hit the leading edge of the door leaf. on people in the trajectory. When the movement of the door leaf in this area is already inhibited, sufficient protection can still be provided with a conventional anti-pinch device.

In addition to or alternatively to slowing down the movement of the door leaf, to protect the gate according to the invention, a system of light gratings can also be provided, with the help of which the space traversed by the leading edge of the door leaf during the closing movement can be monitored, and objects and / or people falling into this space can be registered. As a reaction to the registration of objects and/or people, the movement of the door leaf can be slowed down or stopped by means of a system of light grids.

As already explained in particular, this invention is particularly suitable in the field of gates for closing building openings having a height of 3.50 m or more, in particular 4.0 m or more, and a corresponding door leaf height. However, the invention, insofar as it concerns the creation of space for the movement of the traction cable during the opening movement of the door leaf, can also be advantageously applied to conventional garage doors.

Suitably made in accordance with the invention, the garage door has a door leaf that can move along a trajectory predetermined by the guide system between a closed position, in which it is located approximately in a vertical plane, and an open position, in which it is located above human height in an approximately horizontal plane, which includes several links of the door leaf, located one after another in the direction of movement of the door leaf and hinged to each other relative to the hinge axes passing perpendicular to the given trajectory, while the guide system has two guides located in the area of the side edges of the door leaf running parallel to the given trajectory , each of which has a first section extending substantially straight approximately parallel to the side edge of the door leaf in the closed position approximately in the direction of gravity, and the second section extending essentially straight it is approximately parallel to the lateral edge of the door leaf in the open position, and connecting the rectilinearly passing sections with each other, the arcuate section, while the guide system has additional slats interacting with the leading guides installed in the area of the leading edge of the door link leading when opening. , which have a third rectilinearly passing section passing over the second rectilinearly passing section approximately parallel to it.

The improvement in the field of garage doors is essentially characterized by the fact that this third linearly extending section on its front end facing in the closed position of the door leaf to the inner limiting surface of the door leaf passes into a downwardly sloping end section, which ends at a distance in front of the plane, in the closed position containing the inner limiting surface of the door leaf, and the advanced guide means have a guide element placed in the additional bar, such as, for example, supported with the possibility of rotation about the axis of rotation, passing approximately parallel to the hinge axes, the guide roller, which, by means of a holder mounted on the advance movement of the opening link of the door leaf, mounted on the leading link of the door leaf with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis of rotation running parallel to the hinge axes.

And in this embodiment of the invention, the distance between the plane containing in the closed position the inner limiting surface of the gate leaf and the end of the additional bar facing this plane is preferably more than 2 cm, in particular more than 5 cm, but usually less than 20 cm, in particular less than 15 cm.

It has already been explained above that, in the case of the gate according to the invention, the protection against moving away can be achieved by means of a special installation of guide rollers located in the area of the upper edge of the upper section of the gate by means of a swivel holder. However, additionally or alternatively, the anti-retraction protection can also be achieved with the gate according to the invention by the fact that the additional strip has a base element made in it, preferably in the form of a recess similar to a window, for receiving at least some part of the leading guide means when the closed position is reached. This base element is provided in the area of the end section of the additional bar facing the door leaf in the closed position. The guide means placed in the additional bar can be removed from the base element only after considerable resistance has been overcome. As a result, anti-retraction protection is achieved. The protection against movement can be improved when the locating element is equipped with a system of stops that counteracts the movement of the guide means placed in the locating element in the direction of opening. This system of stops can surround the guide in the region of the base element and, in the closed position of the door leaf, adjoin the axis of the guide means made in the form of guide rollers in the region of the upper edge of the upper link of the door leaf.

In some cases, the lower link of the door leaf in the open position protrudes into the wall opening in the light. This may be due, for example, to the fact that the arcuate section of the guides is at least partially located in the area of the wall opening in the light and the length of the second section of the guides is shorter than the height of the door leaf. But this system can also be due to the fact that the system of traction means designed to lift the sectional door from the closed position to the open position cannot completely lift the lower link of the door leaf into the horizontal plane. Such a system of traction means generally consists of a traction means, for example, in the form of a traction cable or a traction chain, which is connected at one end to the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf, and the other end of which is connected to the traction mechanism by means of guides and / or bypass blocks. . Guides and/or bypass blocks are generally located at a distance from falling, which is less than the radius of the arcuate section of the guides. When the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf reaches the arcuate section of the guides during the opening movement, it enters a position in which the traction means associated with the lower edge and at the same time also the direction of the traction force runs perpendicular to the arcuate section of the guides. The lower edge has then reached its end position during the opening movement, because the lower edge of the door leaf link in the open position can no longer be moved further by the traction means and the traction force transmitted to the lower edge. The lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf of this system is located in its final position in the arcuate section of the guides and blocks the area of the wall opening in the light. However, the door leaf can also intentionally protrude into the clear wall opening in order to reduce the required initial starting torque at the beginning of the opening movement, but in this case, however, in this case, an undesirable reduction in the clear wall opening will also have to be accepted.

In view of the above problems, it has turned out to be particularly expedient for the door according to the invention, when the lower edge of the door leaf in the closed position and lagging behind when lifting, at least upon reaching the open position during the movement of rotation of the lower element of the door leaf having this edge in the lifting direction, can be lifted separately relative to the located in the closed position above it the element of the door leaf and relative to the given trajectory.

Even if the doors just described can make better use of the clear height of the wall opening, it has been found that these doors are subjected to increased wear during prolonged use.

With the gate according to the invention, this disadvantage is preferably overcome by an improvement which is essentially characterized by a restrictive device that restricts the movement of rotation of the lower element of the door leaf in the upward direction, at least along a certain section of the predetermined trajectory.

In this case, the discovered fact is used that by turning the lower edge of the door leaf in the lifting direction, which is desired upon reaching the open position of movement, an additional degree of freedom of movement is introduced, which, in other phases of the movement of the door leaf, can interfere and cause wear. With closed doors, the movement of turning the lower door leaf link in the lifting direction can cause the lower door leaf link to eversion relative to the door leaf link located above it into the space lying in front of the door leaf. This eversion can cause the bottom edge of the lower link of the door leaf to rub against the side seals normally located in the region of the side edges during the opening movement, resulting in increased wear of the side seals. The additional degree of freedom can also result in an uncontrolled pivoting movement of the lower edge of the lower door leaf link that increases wear on the hinges between the door leaf links. According to the invention, this can be prevented by using a restrictive device. In this case, the wear of the gate according to the invention is also reduced when these gates are designed in such a way that they allow better use of the wall opening in the light.

The restrictive device, which is used in preferred embodiments of the invention, can be designed so that it acts not only in the region of the first section of the guides and the first part of the arcuate section of the guides, but also where the lower edge of the lower edge of the lower element of the door leaf is desired to rise, i.e. in the area adjacent to the horizontal arcuate section of the guides of the end region of the arcuate section of the guides. In this area, the limiting device provided according to the invention can be used to prevent the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf from hitting the bypass block or the bypass gear for the traction means. This also improves the operational reliability of the gate according to the invention.

Hereinafter, the link of the door leaf leading during the opening movement/lagging behind during the closing movement is called the upper link of the door leaf. The link lagging behind during the opening movement/leading during the closing movement is called the lower link of the door leaf. If other links of the door leaf are located between the upper and lower link of the door leaf, then they are called intermediate elements.

For sectional doors according to one of the preferred embodiments of the invention, the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf, when reaching the open position, does not follow a predetermined trajectory, which is described by at least one of the intermediate elements when moving from the closed position to the open position, and the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf upon reaching the open position, it can be lifted separately, in contrast to the elements of the door leaf located above it. The lower link of the door leaf can thus move in the direction of the plane in which at least the intermediate elements are located. This plane is located above human growth. This plane may be approximately parallel to the horizontal plane. The lower link of the door leaf can, in the open position, be completely located in the plane of the intermediate elements and can in this case lie completely in the fall area. In this case, the wall opening in the light is completely freed. But the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf can also block some area of the wall opening in the light.

Also, thanks to the separately raised edge, the initial starting torque required for the start of the closing movement can be generated. In the open position of the door leaf, this separately liftable edge of the lower door leaf section is raised further compared to the lower edge of a conventional sectional door. This additional potential energy is converted into additional kinetic energy during the transition to the closed position, whereby the start of the closing movement can be facilitated and/or made possible.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the gate has a first tension device that displaces the separately raised edge of the lower link of the door leaf when moving from the open position to the closed position in a given trajectory. Due to this, a controlled movement of the door leaf can be achieved when moving from an open position to a closed position along a predetermined trajectory. In addition, the first tension device can contribute to the creation of the initial starting torque necessary for the start of the closing movement, since it displaces the lower edge of the door leaf in the direction of a given trajectory. The first tensioning device may be located on the lower edge of the lower element of the door leaf. But it can also be located elsewhere in the sectional door.

Another embodiment of the door according to the invention is characterized in that, in the closed position of the door leaf, the second tension device counteracts the movement of the separately raised edge in a direction orthogonal to the plane of the door leaf. This second tension device can be the same as the first tension device. But it can also be different from the first tensioner. The second tension device may be located on the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf. But it can also be located in another area of the sectional door leaf. By means of the second tensioning device, a satisfactory closing of the lower area of the wall opening in the light can be achieved. In particular, the second tension device can counteract the forcible movement of the lower edge of the lower door leaf link in a direction orthogonal to the door leaf plane, thereby preventing the formation of a gap between the door leaf link and the wall. This can improve the burglary protection of the space enclosed by the sectional door.

In addition, it is possible to counteract, for example, the movement of the lower link of the door leaf carried out by the wind in a direction perpendicular to the wall opening and the noise generation associated with it.

In this embodiment, it is not necessary that the restrictive device is already active in the closed position of the door leaf. It is sufficient if the restrictive device acts in the upper area of the vertical section of the guides and/or only in a certain region of the arcuate section of the guides facing the vertical guide section.

As already mentioned above, the gate according to the invention can be guided along a predetermined path by means of a guide system. In this case, the guide system may have two guides located on opposite edges of the door leaf, and each guide may have at least one vertical section of the guide, passing approximately parallel to the direction of gravity, at least one section of the guide, passing above human height, preferably approximately in horizontal direction, as well as at least one connecting with each other vertical and passing above the human growth section of the guide to the arcuate section of the guides. The section of the guide extending above human height and the arcuate section of the guide can be made separately from each other. But the section of the guide extending above human height and the arcuate section of the guide can also be made in one piece. The section of the guide extending above human height can be oriented approximately horizontally. But it can also form an angle α>0 with the horizontal. Such a system of guides is suitable especially when the space closed by the door leaf has a large height, but a small depth.

For sectional doors according to the invention, on each of the sides of the door leaf link having a separately raised edge facing the guide, at least one guide element can be located on the lower edge of this door leaf link. As a result, the door leaf can be guided in the desired path particularly reliably. Additional guiding elements can be located on the upper edge of the door leaf link. As a result, the guidance of the door leaf along the predetermined path can be further improved.

In another embodiment of the invention, in the open position, the raised edge of the door leaf link in a direction extending perpendicular to it may be at a greater distance from the guide element located on this link of the door leaf than in the closed position, and be raised relative to the guide link upwards. Since the guide element is located in the guide system, the lower edge of the door leaf can be located above the guide system. In the case when the guide element located on the lower link of the door leaf in the open position is located in the arcuate segment of the guides, the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf in the open position can be raised relative to the arcuate segment of the guides.

Another embodiment of the sectional door according to the invention is characterized in that the separately liftable door leaf link is connected to the guide element by means of a lever system, which makes it possible to change the distance between at least one guide element located on this door leaf link and the door leaf link. The hinged (lever) system makes it possible to raise the lower edge of the door leaf and return this edge to a position in which the distance between the guide element and the door leaf element is minimal.

The lever system may have a base element located on the link of the door leaf. The swivel arm of the linkage system can be rotatably connected to the base element. The swivel arm can be connected to a guide element located on this link of the door leaf relative to the axis of rotation.

The locating element may have a locating element base extending substantially parallel to the plane of the link of the door leaf. The base of the base element can be connected to the link of the door leaf. This connection can be made, for example, by means of a screw connection. The locating element may also have first and second side walls of the locating element that extend from the base of the locating element upwards orthogonally thereto and, in the closed position, extend approximately in the direction of gravity. The base element can be made, for example, of metal. The side walls of the basing element and the base of the basing element can be made in one piece.

A pivot arm can be placed in the base element. The pivot arm can be attached to the side walls of the base element. The fastening can be carried out using a rod passing approximately perpendicular to the side walls of the locating element and between them. The rod can be supported in recesses or holes in the side walls of the base element. The rod can be supported with the possibility of rotation.

This swivel arm, pivotally connected by a rod to the base element, can extend from the rod to the lower edge of the link of the door leaf. The pivot arm may have a pivot arm base and pivot arm sidewalls. The base of the pivot arm in a state in which the pivot arm is fully housed in the base member may be adjacent to the base of the base member. The base of the pivot arm can then run parallel to the base of the base element. The side walls of the swing arm may extend orthogonally from the base of the swing arm and extend in a direction connecting the upper and lower edge of the door leaf link.

The pivot arm in the region of the first end can be connected to the rod by the side walls of the pivot arm. Opposite the first end of the pivot arm, the second end of the pivot arm may be connected to the guide member. In the case where the guide member is a roller, the axis of the roller may be located in the tubular section located at the second end of the pivot arm.

The lever system functions as follows: in the guided position, the base of the base element and the base of the pivot arm are adjacent to each other. Then the guide element is located near the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf. Then the lower edge of the lower element of the door leaf is guided in the trajectory specified by the guides. When the door leaf moves from the closed position to the open position, the pivot arm base can move by turning the pivot arm relative to the base element to the rotated position, as far as it is allowed by the restrictive device. In the rotated position, the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf is moved away from the guide element. Then the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf is at a distance from the guide element. As a result of this design of the base element and the pivot arm, the lower edge of the door leaf can only be lifted upwards in relation to the guide element. Dropping down is not possible. If the door leaf moves back from the open position to the closed position, then when the pivot arm is rotated relative to the base element, the lower edge of the lower door leaf link returns from the rotated position to the guided position. Then the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf can return back to the closed position along a predetermined trajectory.

In another embodiment of the invention, the first and/or second tensioning device(s), interacting with the lever system, can (may) displace the separately raised edge of the door leaf link when moving to the closed position into a predetermined trajectory and/or, in the closed position, displace into the position, completely covering the wall opening. When the link of the door leaf, having a separately raised edge, is forced into a predetermined trajectory during the interaction of the first tension device and the lever system when moving to the closed position, the door leaf can move particularly confidently from the open position to the closed position. Also, this interaction of the first tensioner with the lever system can contribute to the creation of the initial starting torque necessary to start the closing movement. It can also suppress the occurrence of noise that occurs due to the fact that the lower edge of the door leaf can move approximately orthogonally to the predetermined path. Due to the interaction of the second tension element with the lever system in the closed position, the lower link of the door leaf can be forced into a position that completely closes the wall opening. As a result, a particularly secure closure of the space covered by the door leaf can be achieved. It can also prevent the occurrence of noise, for example, from the bottom edge of the door leaf element moving back and forth by air pressure orthogonally to the vertical plane. This can also be achieved when the restrictive device is not active in the closed position. In this case, the first tension device and the second tension device may be identical or different from each other. This can also be achieved when the restrictive device is not active in the closed position.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the first and/or second device(s) interference may(may) have a spring element. The first and/or second tensioner(s) may have a torsion spring. Then the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf can be displaced by the force of the spring when moving to the closed position in a given trajectory. In the closed position, the lower edge of the door leaf can be forced out by spring force to a position that completely closes the wall opening. The torsion spring may be located on the pivot of the hinge system. The torsion spring can have three legs. The first and third legs can be made at opposite ends of the torsion spring, made in a cylindrical shape. The second foot can be made approximately in the middle between the first and second (third) foot. The first and third tabs can rest against the pivot arm. In this case, the tabs can rest against the base of the pivot arm. The second foot can be adjacent to the base element. In this case, the second tab can be adjacent to the base of the base element. The second foot can be made U-shaped. With such an arrangement, the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf, when moving from the open position to the closed position, can be particularly reliably displaced into a predetermined trajectory and, in the closed position, be displaced into a position that completely closes the wall opening.

In another embodiment of the invention, the traction means lifting the door leaf from the closed position to the open position may be connected with one of its ends to the lower edge of the door leaf, and with its other end connected to the balancing device, and the traction means may counteract the first tension device.

The traction means may be, for example, a chain or cable. The traction means can be guided in the closed position of the door leaf, starting from the lower edge of the door leaf, in a vertical upward direction. When a balancing device, such as, for example, a system of torsion springs, is located in the region of the end of the horizontal guide section facing away from the arcuate section of the guides, the traction means can be guided through a bypass element installed in the fall area and extend, starting from the bypass element, in an approximately horizontal direction, or, respectively, parallel to the section of the guides passing above human height to the balancing device. The bypass element can be a chain sprocket, and the traction means in the first region, which faces the lower edge of the door leaf, can be made in the form of a chain. In the second area, which faces the balancing device, the traction means can be made in the form of a cable. The traction means may be made of metal.

With the gate according to the invention, it is possible to arrange a bypass element made, for example, in the form of a chain sprocket, near the fall and, for example, to fasten it to a door frame holding a vertical guide segment and/or having a wall opening or an adjacent wall. It does

- 10 039735 stable fastening of the bypass element in the area of already existing structural elements or walls. This system at the gate according to the preferred embodiments of the invention is possible without compromising the clearance in height, when the lower edge of the lower door leaf link can be lifted separately, and this turning movement in the direction of uplift is not impaired by the guide roller located in the region of the lower edge, as is the case with traditional gate. With these doors, the traction force of the traction means, as explained above, acts perpendicular to the arcuate section of the guides when the bypass element is located near the wall opening. Then the continuation of the opening movement is no longer possible.

The counterbalancing device serves to facilitate the opening movement by pushing the door leaf towards the open position at least in the closed position.

The balancing device can also prevent an uncontrolled closing movement, which takes into account the current safety regulations. The balancing device may include a mechanical spring, such as a tension spring or a torsion spring, which acts on the door leaf through the traction means. The balancing device is usually stressed by gravity during the closing movement of the door leaf under the weight of the door leaf. The spring tension created in this way then supports the opening movement.

The following describes the movement of the door leaf of a sectional door from the closed position to the open position, while the door leaf is lifted by means of a traction means. In this case, the traction means acts on the lower edge of the door leaf so as not to excessively load the hinge joints of the door leaf links during the opening movement. Furthermore, with this system, it is possible for the individual sections of the door to bear against each other during the opening or closing movement and to be held together by a traction means attached to the lower edge of the door leaf. The traction means is guided along the bypass blocks so that during the entire opening movement of the door leaf, a force acts on the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf, which is directed approximately parallel to the upward direction of gravity. In the closed position of the door leaf, the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf is displaced to a position that completely closes the wall opening during the interaction of the hinge system and the second tension element (which may be identical to the first tension device). The lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf is located next to the guide element located on this link of the door leaf. The guide element can be made, for example, in the form of a roller. The guide element is located in the guide system and is guided by it.

So, the link of the door leaf is lifted by the traction means upwards. Then the guide element, located on the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf, due to the forced direction of the vertical segment of the guide moves approximately in a vertical direction upwards. Due to the interaction of the first tension element, for example a torsion spring, with the hinge system, the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf also follows the trajectory of the guide element. The bottom edge of the bottom link of the door leaf and the guide element together follow this vertical path until the guide element enters the arcuate segment of the guide. Due to the forced guidance by the arcuate guide segment, the guide element continues to follow the arcuate path of the guide system. However, at the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf, the traction force of the traction means continues to act approximately parallel to the upward direction of gravity. Since the hinge system allows the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf to rotate upwards relative to the guide element, therefore, the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf rises as soon as and as far as the restrictive device allows. Then the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf in the vertical direction is at a distance from the guide element. This frees up a wider wall opening in the light. The upper link of the door leaf and the intermediate elements are located in this state in a position above the height of a person, given by the segment of the guide passing above the height of a person.

This opening movement may be supported by a tensioned balancing device. The traction means, when lifting the door leaf, if necessary with the support of a counterbalancing device, can counteract the first tension device. This tensioning device can be tensioned by the traction force of the traction device. This preload force can contribute to the creation of the initial starting torque necessary to start the closing movement, thereby making it possible or, accordingly, supporting the transition of the door leaf from the open to the closed position.

In addition to the taller rail segment, a second taller rail segment can be positioned above the first taller rail segment. In this second guide segment extending above human height, at least the upper edge of the upper link of the door leaf can be placed. As a result, the fall height can be further reduced. While

- 11 039735 in the open position of the door leaf, the intermediate elements lie approximately in the same plane, the lower link of the door leaf is inclined relative to this plane. The lower link of the door leaf makes some acute angle β with the plane of the intermediate elements. For conventional sectional doors without a separately raised edge, the lower door leaf link lies in the plane defined by the upper edge of the lower door leaf link and the guide element located in the arched track segment. For sectional doors according to the invention, which have a separately raised edge, the lower edge of the door leaf is shifted upwards relative to the guide element. In this case, the acute angle β, which the lower link of the door leaf makes with the plane of the intermediate elements, decreases. Therefore, a wider wall opening in the light is released.

The restrictive device, which is used in preferred embodiments of the invention, can be designed particularly compactly when it has restrictive elements that move together during the movement of the door leaf. In this case, it is possible to refuse to create a restrictive device that extends over the entire height of the door leaf in the area of the wall opening.

In this regard, it has proved to be particularly advantageous if a traction means, such as a roller chain, for example, is connected to the lower edge of the door leaf by means of a coupling device mounted on the lower edge in such a way that it can be rotated about a pivot axis running parallel to the hinge axes, this pivot axis being closed. position is preferably located under the axis of the lever, relative to which the swivel lever together with the guide roller can be rotated in relation to the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf. Mounting the connecting device with the possibility of rotation allows it, under the action of the pull of the traction means, when it reaches the open position, to rotate in the opposite direction to the lifting direction relative to the lower link of the door leaf, so that the point of articulation of the traction means with the connecting device rotates upwards relative to the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf upon reaching the open position. Those. just as the lower edge of the lower door leaf element rotates in the upward direction relative to the door leaf element located in the closed position above it, the connecting device also rotates upward in the direction opposite to the upward direction. At this point, it should be indicated that the swing arm, during the rotation movement of the lower edge of the lower door leaf link, rotates relative to the door leaf link located in the closed position above it in the direction of lifting relative to the axis of the lever in the direction opposite to the lifting direction, or, respectively, in the opposite direction of rotation .

Using this kinematics, the limiting device can be made particularly compact when it has a limiting element intended for the connecting device and being able to rotate with it about the axis of rotation, and a limiting element intended for the lever system and being able to rotate with it about the axis of the lever . By means of the distance between the lever axis and the pivot axis on the one hand and the arrangement of the limiting elements on the other hand, the limits within which the limiting device operates can be individually adjusted.

With the mentioned compact version of the restrictive device, one of the restrictive elements may have a restrictive link at least partially passing around the axis of the lever and/or the axis of rotation, while the other restrictive element is made in the form of a stop element, which, when the lower link of the door leaf rotates in the direction lift comes into contact with the restrictive wings.

The limiting link can have a ledge extending from the connecting device holder extending approximately perpendicular to the hinge axes, across, in particular approximately perpendicular to it, while a stop element can be mounted on the pivot arm, which, during the rotation movement of the lower link of the door leaf in the direction of lifting or, respectively, when the movement of rotation of the rotary lever relative to the axis of the lever in the direction opposite to the direction of lifting, comes into contact with the limiting surface of the limiting link facing the axis of rotation.

The restricting device primarily serves to limit the uncontrolled and undesirable movement of the lower edge of the lower door leaf link relative to the door leaf link located in the closed position above it or to the guide system before reaching the open position. But it must also allow the desired swing movement of the lower edge of the door leaf in the uplift direction when the open position is reached. For this reason, according to the invention, it is preferably provided that the stop element is released during the opening movement of the door leaf no later than when the opening position of the limiting gate is reached. Accordingly, the limiting link extends only partially around the axis of rotation or the axis of the lever, so that

- 12 039735 The turning movement of the limiting gate during the opening movement causes the thrust element to be released. In this case, the radial distance from the restrictive link to the axis of rotation may increase in the circumferential direction opposite to the direction of rise of the rotary link relative to the axis of rotation. In this way, the formation of an inlet funnel by the swing gate can be achieved, which facilitates the contact of the stop element in the correct position against the swing gate during the closing movement of the door leaf.

As soon as the thrust element is released from the pivoting link, the lower edge of the lower door leaf link can freely rotate upwards in the uplift direction without additional measures. This causes the risk that the lower edge of the lower link of the door leaf, during the closing movement in the lifting direction, abuts against the bypass element for the traction means, which is located, if necessary, in the fall area of the wall opening. This undesirable abutment can be prevented when the restrictive device has a fixed guide surface, which, when the open position is reached, interacts with a restrictive element mounted on the lower edge of the door leaf, such as, for example, a guide roller, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation running parallel to the hinge axes. This fixed guide surface can be placed on a wall having a wall opening and extend in the upper region of the wall opening, in particular in the area of the arcuate portion of the guides, obliquely upwards.

As already mentioned above, traditional doors can have a horizontal or, respectively, a higher-than-human-height segment of the guides installed on the end of the guide segment facing away from the arcuate segment of the guides and in the open position adjoining the edge of the door leaf advancing during the opening movement of the sliding device. Such a sliding device can also be used within the scope of the invention in order to push a guide element mounted on the lower edge of the door leaf in an open position towards the guide surface.

As already explained above, to support the movement of the door leaf, an electric motor drive device is usually used, which can be associated with a winding drum (if the winding drum is located above the arcuate section) or with a bypass device (if the winding drum is located behind the second section of the guides). For large and heavy doors, in particular, in order to obtain the required torque for the movement of the door leaf, it is necessary to use a reduction gear, which reduces the speed of the motor shaft and at the same time increases the available torque. Worm gears are usually used for this purpose. Such worm gears have the additional advantage that they act in a self-braking manner. Therefore, such gates, as a rule, do without the use of additional protection measures to protect against the disadvantages of the balancing device. When the counterbalancing device is damaged, for example due to breakage of the spring elements, this leads to a reduced support of the opening movement by the motor drive system and thus also to an increased power consumption of the motor. This is recognized by the engine control unit. Then it can give a command to automatically turn off the engine.

Since the recent past, in addition to the requirements for secure closing of the space, even more stringent requirements have been placed on sectional doors in terms of thermal properties. Excessive heat loss in the area of the wall opening closed by the door leaf should be avoided. In view of these requirements, both in the area of the door leaf and in the area of the door frame, heat-insulating materials can be used.

During the operation of the known sectional doors, it turned out that in many cases there is a high wear of the transmission system. Further, the requirements for reducing heat loss through a gated building opening often cannot be satisfactorily fulfilled.

In view of these problems in the prior art, the invention is based on the object of providing a motor-driven sectional door, which can be guaranteed continuous operation without deterioration in thermal properties.

Within the framework of this invention, these problems can also be solved when the ratio of the radius of curvature of the arcuate section on its inner guide surface to the height of at least one gate link, in particular to the height of all gate links, in a direction perpendicular to the hinge axes, referred to below as the polygonal ratio and approximately parallel to the predetermined path is 0.6 or more, preferably 0.65 or more, particularly preferably about 0.665 or more, in particular about 0.68.

This uses the discovered fact that the observed increased wear of the transmission system of drive devices for sectional doors in many cases can be explained by the fact that the failure of individual springs of the balancing device is not detected. An undetected breakage of a spring, not least in relation to the properties of a normally self-braking worm gear having a lift angle of 2.5° or less, does not lead to a direct fall of the door, but to high wear of the gear when the door continues to be operated without detection of breakage of individual spring elements. The gate is then no longer optimally balanced. This is

- 13 039735 can cause the worm gear to wear out, the teeth thin and possibly break during operation and/or no longer be able to absorb the next spring failure.

This is the result of insufficient detection of counterbalancing device deficiencies by the engine control unit. The motor control unit must be designed in such a way that it can tolerate the forces and force changes that occur during the regular operation of the door or, accordingly, the fluctuations in the power consumption of the electric motor that occur during the regular operation of the gate. These forces, which occur during regular operation, and the forces that simultaneously determine the power consumption of the electric motor, are determined, among other things, by the so-called polygonal acceleration. Regardless of the concept of the drive and the calculation of the spring system, the individual sections of the door leaf pass through the arcuate section of the guide and experience acceleration there due to the so-called polygonal effect. This acceleration influences the power consumption of the electric motor. However, fluctuations in power consumption thus caused should not be allowed to influence the gate drive. Accordingly, the engine control unit must have large tolerances. The accelerating forces caused by the polygonal effect depend, on the one hand, on the radius of curvature of the inner guide surface of the arcuate section of the guide, and on the other hand, on the height of the door links in the direction of the side edges.

Within the scope of the invention, it has been found that an engine control unit, which can also detect the failure of a relatively small element of a spring system as part of a balancing device, for example a single spring, with a torque of only 50 Nm, when the ratio the radius of curvature of the arcuate section on its inner guide surface to the height of at least one gate link in the direction passing perpendicular to the hinge axes and approximately parallel to the given trajectory is 0.6 or more, in particular 0.65 or more. This makes it possible to detect defects in the balancing device in advance and, as a reaction, switch off the drive device before excessive wear of the transmission system occurs due to increased forces arising from the failure of individual spring elements. On the whole, a long-term operation of the door according to the invention without the risk of excessive wear can be guaranteed in this way.

When using the door according to the invention, the thermal properties can also be improved when the running speed of the sectional door is increased. The reduction of polygonal accelerations at a given door travel speed also makes it possible to increase the door travel speed without an excessive increase in polygonal accelerations and the resulting forces. This can also reduce heat losses occurring in the area of the door. This aspect of the invention is based on the fact that the only modest in many cases thermal properties in the area of sectional doors can primarily be explained not by the shortcomings of the thermal insulation of the door, but by the fact that polygonal accelerations limit the speed of the door, so that for opening and closing the door it takes so long that an excessively high heat loss occurs. By adjusting the polygonal ratio, which is advantageous within the scope of the invention, an acceleration of the movement of the door leaf can be achieved with the same control accuracy of the motor. In this way, the thermal properties of the door according to the invention can be improved.

However, it turned out that the acceleration of the movement of the door leaf by increasing the engine speed, in turn, in many cases, can lead to premature wear of the transmission system. According to another aspect of the invention, which has an independent inventive content, this disadvantage is overcome in such a way that a transmission system is used that has a self-retarding or self-braking and reduction worm gear connected to the electric motor, in particular having a gradient angle of approximately 2.5° or less, after which an overdrive gear connected to the power take-off shaft, such as, for example, a chain gear, is engaged. In this case, the gear ratio of the overdrive, i.e. the ratio with which the initial speed of the worm gear is increased by the chain drive in order to obtain a high speed in the area of the cable drum or bypass device can be 1:1.5 or more, in particular 1:2 or more, particularly preferably 1: 3.5 or more.

That is, according to this aspect of the invention, between the electric motor and the cable drum or, respectively, the bypass device of the balancing system, a downshift is located first, and after it an overdrive is provided. The worm gear reduces the engine speed and at the same time increases the torque. The reduction worm gear has the properties of self-retardation or self-braking, which make it possible to dispense with separate braking or, respectively, protective devices in case of damage to the balancing device. After the worm gear reduction, an overdrive gear is switched on, with which the initial speed of the worm gear is increased again in order to obtain a faster door travel speed.

- 14 039735

Within the framework of the invention, it has been found that the observed disadvantages in the field of the worm gear can also be explained by the fact that an increased engine speed in order to obtain a faster door run leads to an increased sliding speed in the middle circumference of the worm and the worm wheel, which, depending on the material pair, can lead to to wear, because the lubricating film may be shed. In this case, the speed at which the lubricating film is torn off depends, of course, on the temperature, the oil used, the center distance between the worm wheel and the worm, and the gear ratio as a whole. In any case, these drawbacks can be eliminated when, after the worm gear, an overdrive gear, such as for example a chain gear, is located, which does not have comparable wear properties, in order to thus achieve the desired speed in the area of the balancing device or, respectively, the cable drum and together so also the desired speed of opening and closing.

This invention also makes it possible to use the same drive units, consisting of an electric motor and a worm gear, to drive large and heavy doors at high speed, as well as small and light doors, also at high speed. For large and heavy doors, correspondingly large cable drums can also be used to increase the speed, because large doors usually have sufficient installation space at their disposal. Then, under certain circumstances, you can do without the use of a step-up chain transmission. Known two-stage transmission systems having a reduction worm gear and optionally also a reduction chain gear can be used, as for example described in WO 2012/089358 A1. However, the same drive unit can also be used in combination with small and light doors, which usually have only a small installation space available and therefore only small rope drums can also be used. With small and light doors having small rope drums, the desired opening and closing speed can be achieved by means of an overdrive or a chain drive respectively.

When a large gate at the output of the transmission system, a speed of only 80 rpm is sufficient and can also be achieved without excessive wear of the worm gear, using an overdrive chain having an overdrive ratio of 1:2 or more, a speed of 160 rpm can be achieved. ./min and correspondingly high door leaf speed.

As already mentioned, transmission systems having a worm gear reduction followed by a chain drive are described, for example, in WO 2012/089358 A1. In this publication, only reduction chain drives are used, whereby the reduction gear ratio of the chain drive can be adjusted depending on the door leaf. According to this publication, the gear ratio of the drive is selected depending on the given gear of the gate, i.e. size of the cable drum, so that the path of the door leaf, at least in the area of the final closed position, per one revolution of the electric motor for different gears of the door is essentially constant.

The effect on thermal properties by door speed is as little discussed in this publication as is the optimization of thermal properties while guaranteeing satisfactory wear resistance of the drive unit by using an overdrive immediately after the self-braking worm gear.

As explained above, within the scope of the invention, both in view of optimizing the thermal properties of the door and in view of the increased wear resistance sought, a polygonal ratio of 0.6 or more, preferably 0.65 or more, particularly preferably about 0.665 or more, in particular 0.68 . Bearing in mind that individual gate sections, in particular for particularly high gates having a height of 3.50 m or more, would also have to have a height of 400 mm or more, in order to thus keep the number of gate sections required within acceptable limits. Within the scope of the invention, it has proved to be expedient if the polygonal ratio for at least one gate link is 0.8 or less, preferably 0.75 or less, particularly preferably 0.7 or less. As a result, the inner radius of the arcuate section can still be kept within acceptable limits, which makes it possible to adapt to normal installation conditions without the arc protruding too far into the door opening.

As part of the optimization of the polygonal ratio, it turned out that above a polygonal ratio of about 0.68, only a slight decrease in polygonal accelerations is observed. For this reason, it is particularly preferred to select a polygonal ratio in the range of 0.6 to 0.7, in particular in the range of about 0.68. For doors having a door link height of approximately 750 mm, an inner radius of approximately 510 mm has been found to be advantageous.

As already mentioned above, within the scope of the invention, it has proved expedient that the balancing device has at least one spring system connected by means of a pulling means to the lowest gate link in the closed position, and this pulling means can be wound on a winding drum, preferably located above the arcuate section of the guide system.

With the embodiments of the invention just described, the drive device can be

- 15 039735 is also associated with a winding drum or bypass device for the traction means, such as, for example, a chain sprocket. Within the scope of the invention, in order to optimize the polygonal ratio while using door leaf links having a minimum height required to reduce the required number of door leaf links, it is preferable to use arcuate sections having a radius of curvature on their inner limiting surface (inner radius) of 400 mm or more, preferably 420 mm or more, particularly preferably 450 mm or more, in particular 600 mm or more. In view of the generally available installation space above the opening of the space covered by the door leaf, it has proven to be expedient if the inner radius is 800 mm or less, especially 760 mm or less. The height of at least one section of the door leaf can be 550-950 mm, in particular 600-900 mm, particularly preferably 700-800 mm.

In view of the above thermal properties or, respectively, in view of the avoidance of excessive heat loss in the region of the opening closed by the door leaf, it is particularly advantageous in the context of the invention when the electric motor and transmission system, if necessary interacting with the cable drum and bypass gear, are designed to create an opening speed or closing 0.6 m/s or more, in particular 1 m/s or more.

Although a higher opening and closing speed can be achieved with the gate according to the invention, care must also be taken in particular during the closing movement that objects and people are not damaged or injured by the leading edge of the door leaf. Conventional pinch protection devices at high door leaf speeds are too inert to provide sufficient protection. For this reason, the control unit of the motor of the door according to the invention is expediently designed so that the closing movement of the door leaf is automatically braked when the leading edge of the door leaf during the closing movement has a height of less than 2.50 m, below which, in particular, it is necessary to be careful not to hit the leading edge of the door leaf. canvases on people on the trajectory of movement. When the movement of the door leaf in this area is already inhibited, sufficient protection can also be provided with a conventional anti-pinch device. In addition to or alternatively to slowing down the movement of the door leaf, to protect the gate according to the invention, a system of light gratings can also be provided, with the help of which the space traversed by the leading edge of the door leaf during the closing movement can be monitored, and objects and / or people falling into this space can be registered. As a reaction to the registration of objects and/or people by means of the light grid system, the movement of the door leaf can be slowed down or stopped.

According to the invention, it can be provided that step-up chain drives are used. In combination with the worm gear reduction, this can lead not only to an increased door speed, but also to an increased acceleration of the door leaf. But increased accelerating forces lead to increased wear. For this reason, provision can be made for the engine control unit to be able to operate in accordance with a predetermined acceleration profile for starting and braking the door leaf from a standstill position or from an operating state in which the door leaf moves at maximum speed. This controlled acceleration and deceleration is also called S-smoothing. With the help of a proper engine control unit, excessive wear in the gear and gate area can be avoided. In all embodiments of the invention, a frequency-controlled electric motor capable of complex motor control can be used.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawings, which are expressly referred to in relation to all details essential to the invention and not revealed in more detail in the description. The drawings show:

fig. 1 is a local view of the gate according to the invention in the closed position;

fig. 2 is a partial view of the gate according to FIG. 1 in the open position;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the gate according to the invention in a horizontal sectional plane containing the axis of the winding drum for the cargo cable;

fig. 4 is an image for a visual explanation of the kinematics of traditional gates;

fig. 5 is a representation for a visual explanation of the kinematics of the gate according to the invention;

fig. 6 is a comparison image based on FIG. 3 and 4;

fig. 7 - restrictive device proposed by the invention of the gate in the closed position; and fig. 8 shows a restrictive device according to FIG. 7 in the open position.

In FIG. 1 shows the top edge of the topmost in the closed position link 10 of the door leaf in the closed position. The gate includes a running bar having an arcuate portion 100 of the running bar and two, not shown in FIG. 1 straight sections, of which one extends approximately in the direction of gravity and parallel to the side edge of the door leaf in the closed position, and the other extends approximately in the horizontal direction and parallel to the side edge of the door leaf in the open position. The gate also includes an additional bar 200 having a front end section 210 falling down in the direction of the gate leaf when it is in the closed position, which is located above the arcuate section

100 running bar.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing, the inner guide surface 120 of the arcuate section 100, which serves to guide the running rollers mounted on the links of the door leaf, not shown in the figure, located under the link 10 of the door leaf, has a radius of curvature of 510 mm. Not shown in the drawing, mounted on the lower links of the door leaf, the running rollers run in on the inner guide surface 120 of the arcuate section. On the upper edge of the link 10 of the door leaf, which in the closed position is the uppermost link of the door leaf, running rollers 60 and 62 are installed, which move in an additional running bar 200. To install the running rollers 60 and 62, a holder 50 is provided, which is pivotally connected with the possibility rotation about the axis 24 of rotation with a fastening bracket 20 serving as a fastener.

The holder 50 is pivotally connected to the mounting bracket 20 relative to the axis of rotation 24, which runs parallel to the pivot axes, relative to which the successive gate links are pivotally connected to each other. The fastening bracket 20 can be made in a U-shape, while the outer shelves surrounds the rotary shelf 52 of the holder 50, and the connecting shelf is adjacent to the inner limiting surface 12 of the link 10 of the gate and can be attached there. In this case, the position of the mounting bracket 20 in the vertical direction can be adjusted, as indicated by the double arrow 22. For this purpose, the connecting flange of the mounting bracket 20 can be pierced by elongated holes extending in the closed position in the direction of gravity, through which the fixing screws inserted from the other side pass. in link 10 of the door leaf.

Additionally, the position of the axis of rotation 24 can be repositioned in a direction extending perpendicular to the inner boundary surface 12 of the link 10 of the gate, as indicated by the double arrow 23.

The rotary shelf 52 of the holder 50 merges into a guide shelf 54 constituting an obtuse angle with it, while the axis of rotation 61 of the roller 60 is located in the transition region between the rotary shelf and the guide shelf of the holder 50 and extends approximately parallel to the axis of rotation 24 . Also, the axis 63 of the roller with the possibility of rotation about which the roller is held on the guide shelf 54 of the holder extends parallel to the axis 24 of rotation.

As shown in FIG. 1, the guide plane 55, containing the rotation axes 63 and 61 of the rollers 62 and 60, makes with the axis of rotation of the guide roller 60 adjacent to the axis of rotation 24 and the plane 53 of rotation containing the axis of rotation 24 an obtuse angle α, which corresponds to an obtuse angle between the rotary shelf 52 and guide ledge 54. In FIG. 1 in the closed position, the pivot plane 52 rises, starting from the pivot axis 24, in the direction of the intersection line between the pivot plane and the guide plane, while the guide plane 55, starting from the intersection line between the pivot plane 53 and the guide plane 55, extends approximately parallel to the end portion 210 additional bar 200.

In general, the holder 50 bridges the distance between the front end of the end section 210 of the additional strip 200 facing the door leaf in the closed position and the inner limiting surface 12 of the uppermost link 10 of the door leaf in the closed position. This frees up the space marked 70, in which a traction cable connected to the lowest link of the door leaf can be carried out without interfering with the movement of the door leaf. With the help of the one shown in FIG. 1 of the position of the axis 24 of rotation and the axes 61 and 63 of rotation is also achieved that when the pressure is applied to the upper edge of the link of the door leaf from the outside, a clamping action of the guide rollers 60 and 62 is created, placed in the end section 210 of the additional bar 200, while the guide roller 60 is forced out to the bottom limiting surface of the end section 210, while the guide roller 62 is forced to the upper limiting surface of the end section 210 of the additional bar 200.

This clamping action is facilitated by the fact that the guide plane 55 makes an obtuse angle with the plane of rotation 53, so that the holder 50 rotates with respect to the axis of rotation 61 of the guide roller 60 when pressed against the upper edge of the door leaf link, whereby the above-described clamping action can be achieved. The obtuse angle between the guide plane and the pivot plane is preferably about 120-165°. Particularly preferred are angle limits of 130 to 150°.

Upon transition from the one shown in Fig. 1 in the closed position shown in FIG. 2, the open position, the holder 50 rotates about the axis of rotation 24 in the direction of the inner limiting surface 12 of the link 10 of the door leaf. When the rollers 60 and 62 pass from the downwardly sloping end portion 210 of the additional bar 200 into the approximately horizontally extending straight section 220 of the additional bar 200, the guide plane 55 is rotated so that it is in the direction shown in FIG. 2 open position runs approx.

- 17 039735 parallel, preferably coplanar to the inner limiting surface 12 of the link 10 of the door leaf.

During the entire opening movement, the running roller 62 overtakes the upper edge of the link 10 of the door leaf. By varying the distance from the axis 24 of rotation to the inner limiting surface 12 of the link 10 of the door leaf, it can be achieved that the link 10 of the door leaf in the open position, as well as in the closed position, will be located approximately in the same plane as the lagging openings during movement links of the door leaf, the running rollers of which move in a not shown in Fig. 2 guide, passing under the section 220 of the additional bar approximately parallel to it. The link 10 of the door leaf in the end section of the opening movement is oriented approximately in a horizontal plane, so that when running on a spring buffer located at the rear end of the movement path, which can be used to start the closing movement, it is not placed on the butt. Then breaks do not occur.

This kinematics is guaranteed by a rotatably supported holder 50 which, on the one hand, allows the desired distance between the roller axle 61 and the inner limiting surface 12 in the closed position, but on the other hand also the convergence of the roller axes 61 and 63 in the open position. , which prevents the upper edge of the door leaf from being installed on the priest. Due to the distance between the axis 61 of the roller and the inner limiting surface 12 of the door leaf link 10 in the closed position, a design is possible in which the additional bar 200 ends at a distance in front of the inner limiting surface 12 of the door leaf link 10, in order to thus provide space for movement traction rope. In the sectional view according to Fig. 3 it is possible to see the link 10 of the door leaf located in the closed position, on the inner limiting surface 12 of which, with the help of a schematically indicated roller holder 14, a running roller 16 is installed, which rests on the roller holder 14 with the possibility of rotation about the axis 15 of rotation. In the one shown in FIG. 3 in the closed position, the track roller 16 is placed in a guide section 150 extending approximately in the direction of gravity. In the schematic representation according to FIG. 3, door leaf link 10 is a door leaf link located below the topmost door leaf link in the closed position. The topmost link of the door leaf in the closed position is hidden in this image. The opening movement of the door leaf in the case shown in FIG. 3 embodiment of the invention is supported by a torsion spring tensed during the closing movement and extending around the torsion spring shaft 400. The torsion spring in Fig. 3 is hidden for visibility purposes.

The torsion spring shaft 400 is torsionally supported above the arcuate section 100 of the guide system with respect to an axis 420 extending horizontally and parallel to the hinge axes, relative to which the door leaf links are pivotally connected to each other. In the axial end region of the torsion spring shaft 400, a cable drum 300 oriented coaxially to the torsion spring shaft 400 is connected without the possibility of rotation to the torsion spring shaft 400. The cable drum 300 serves to wind the wire cable 300, which is fixed on the other side on the lowest link in the closed position of the door leaf , by means of which the return force of the torsion spring passing around the torsion spring shaft 400 is transmitted in the closed position of the door leaf to the door leaf.

During the opening movement, the section of the wire rope connecting the lowest link of the door leaf to the rope drum 300 moves from the position indicated 320a in the direction indicated by the arrow 325 to the position indicated 320b in which the wire rope is completely wound around the rope drum 300. During movement closing, the wire rope 320 unwinds from the rope drum 300. As indicated by arrow 326, the section of the wire rope connecting the lower edge of the door leaf to the rope drum 300, during the closing movement, moves from the position indicated 320b towards the position indicated 320a, which it reaches when reaching the closed position. During this displacement movement, the wire rope passes through a plane designated 350, which runs perpendicular to the hinge axis of the articulation between the individual links of the door leaf and contains the guide 150.

A correspondingly increased axial length of the rope drum 300 is needed for doors having a height of 3.50 m or more and correspondingly long wire ropes. Collision-free movement of the wire rope from the open position indicated 320b to the closed position indicated 320a is possible with the gate according to the invention because the additional bar ends at a distance in front of the plane containing the inner limiting surface 12 of the door leaf 10 in the closed position. Alternatively, the diameter of the cable drum 300 can also be increased, so that corresponding cable lengths can be wound in one layer with a smaller axial length. However, this would require more installation space above the opening to be closed, which is usually not available. Otherwise, than Fig. 3, the section of wire cable connecting the lowest link of the door leaf to the cable drum 300 is typically located on the door side of the cable drum and extends

- 18 039735 from there tangentially to the cable drum approximately in the direction of gravity downwards. Position 320b indicating the open position and position 320a indicating the closed position in FIG. 3, for purposes of clarity only, the images are shown on the side of the cable drum 300 facing away from the door leaf 10.

Below with reference to FIG. 4-6, the preferred kinematics of the doors according to the invention, having a radius of curvature of the inner guide surface of the arcuate portion 100 of the running bars in the range from 450 to 550 mm, are explained.

In FIG. 4 shows the values of the acceleration at the top edge of the uppermost door leaf link during the opening movement as a function of the time course of the opening motion, which are due to the polygonal effect when the radius of curvature of the guide surface 120 is 361.5 mm and the height of the individual door leaf links in the direction running parallel to the side edges, is 750 mm, while the opening speed is adjusted so that it averages about 300 mm/s. With a radius of curvature of 361.5 mm, for which the accelerations are plotted in FIG. 4, acceleration jumps greater than 800 mm/s ² are obtained, as can be seen in FIG. 4.

When the radius of curvature is increased to a value of 510 mm, the results shown in FIG. 5, the conditions under which acceleration jumps are reduced to less than one quarter of the value according to FIG. 4, as a result of which the mechanical load of the entire door structure can be noticeably reduced. With the door according to the invention, this advantage can be used without increased space requirements for the track system, whereby additional slats are created for the rollers mounted on the uppermost link of the door leaf, which preferably end at a distance from the inner limiting surface of the door leaf in the closed position.

In FIG. 6 shows a comparison between the accelerations of the conventional gate and those of the gate according to the invention, which particularly illustrates the advantages achievable with the gate according to the invention. In FIG. 6 shows the accelerations at the same average opening speed of about 300 mm/s. The advantages achieved in accordance with the invention can also be used to increase the speed of opening. Such an increase leads to an increase in acceleration jumps also for the gate according to the invention. However, the opening speed compared to traditional doors can more than triple until the accelerations that traditional doors already have at normal speeds are reached.

In a systematic study of the kinematics during the movement of the door leaf, it was found that the optimal compromise between minimizing the maximum acceleration jumps, on the one hand, and limiting the area requirement for the arcuate section, on the other hand, can be achieved when the ratio of the inner radius (radius of curvature of the inner guide surface ) to the height of the door leaf links is selected in the range of 0.6 to 0.8, preferably in the range of 0.65 to 0.75, particularly preferably in the range of 0.66 and 0.7, with a ratio of 0 .68.

In FIG. 7 and 8 schematically show the restrictive device of the gate according to the invention. The restrictive device 1200 has a first restrictive element 1220 and a second restrictive element 1240. The first restrictive element 1220 can rotate together with the connecting device 1082 about the axis 1250 of rotation relative to the lower link 1012 of the door leaf. The axis of rotation 1250 runs parallel to the hinge axes, with respect to which the individual links of the door leaf are hinged to each other. The restrictive element 1220 has a retaining plate 1220 extending approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation 1250 and extending on the edge of the retaining plate 1220 facing away from the axis 1250 of rotation approximately perpendicular to it, the restrictive link 1230 in the form of a ledge 1230 partially extending around the axis 1250 of rotation. The restrictive element 1240 is made in the form mounted on the pivot arm 1060 thrust element. The thrust element in the embodiment illustrated by this drawing is in the form of a thrust pin extending approximately parallel to the axis of rotation 1250 . The thrust member 1220 and the thrust member 1240 are arranged side by side in the direction of the pivot axis 1250, in the drawing according to FIG. 7 behind the link 1012 of the door leaf. In the one shown in FIG. 7 in the closed position, the stop pin 1240, when the swing arm 1060 is rotated in the direction of the inner space closed by the gate in the direction indicated by the arrow P3, comes into contact with the stop gate 1230. Also, the stop gate 1230, when the lower link 1012 of the door leaf is rotated in the direction of the rise indicated by the arrow P1, comes into contact with a limiting element 1240. In this way, the lower link 1012 of the door leaf is prevented from turning in the direction indicated by the arrow P1 relative to the guide roller 16 located on the pivot arm 1060. and fixed on the pivot arm 1060 stop.

Upon transition of the door leaf from the one shown in FIG. 7 closed positions as pictured

- 19 039735 in FIG. 8, the open position of the connecting device 1082 and at the same time also the limiting link 1230 is rotated by the traction force of the traction means 1080, made in the form of a roller chain, at least in the area associated with the door leaf, in the direction indicated by the arrow P2 relative to the lower edge 1014 of the link 1012 of the door leaf around the axis 1250 of rotation. As follows from a comparative examination of FIG. 7 and 8, in the form of a stop pin, the stop element 1240, during the rotation of the stop gate 1230 around the pivot axis 1250, is released from the stop gate 1230 and can be rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow P3 relative to the bottom link 1012 of the door leaf around the arm axis 1068. This makes it possible to move the rotation of the lower edge 1014 of the door leaf in the upward direction indicated by the arrow P1 relative to the link of the door leaf located in the closed position above it. As can be seen especially clearly in FIG. 7, the radial distance from the restrictive ledge 1230 to the axis of rotation 1250 increases in the opposite direction of the arrow P2. Due to this, it becomes possible to smoothly turn the pivot arm 1060 relative to the door leaf link 1012 around the lever axis 1068 to start the rotation movement of the door leaf link 1012 in the lifting direction. At the same time, the area 1232 of the restrictive ledge 1230, having a greater radial distance from the axis of rotation 1250, forms an inlet funnel, which facilitates the insertion of the restrictive pin 1240 mounted on the pivot arm 1060 during the closing movement of the door leaf. The swing movement of the pivot arm 1060 about the arm axis 1068 in the direction P3 opposite to the lift direction P1 may be limited by a stop mounted on the pivot arm 1060 and not shown. This reduces the risk that the lower edge 1014 of the lower link 1012 of the door leaf, under the influence of the transmitted roller chain 1080, will be forced out to the bypass gear, around which the roller chain 1080 is circled. web, a guide surface 1260 that extends obliquely upwards. For this guide surface, another restrictive element is provided, located in the region of the lower edge of the link 1012 of the door leaf. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, this other restrictive element is a roller 1270 supported with the possibility of rotation about the axis of rotation 1250, which protrudes beyond the lower edge 1014 of the link 1012 of the door leaf.

As already described above, the upper edge of the door leaf, which advances during the opening movement, in the course of the opening movement falls on the sliding device intended for the guide system 1020, which is designed, for example, in the form of a compression spring. Under the action of the compression spring, the stopper roller 1270 is pushed against the fixed stopper surface 1250, so as to make it possible to guide the movement of the door leaf in the area of the lower edge 1014 with a small gap, while at the same time the lower edge 1014 of the link 1012 of the door leaf can be separately understood in the direction 1081 lift. It is indicated that the swing arm 1060 and the limiting element 1220 during the opening movement of the door leaf rotate in the same direction of rotation relative to the lift axis 1068 or, respectively, the rotation axis 1250, while the lower edge 1014 of the link 1012 of the door leaf rotates in the opposite direction. to him the direction of rotation of the lever relative to the link of the door leaf located in the closed position above this lower link 1012 of the door leaf.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments illustrated with the help of the drawings. Moreover, a limiting device can be provided, having a turning link located on the pivot arm 1060 and a limiting pin intended for the connecting device 1082. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the positions of the limit pin 1240 and the limit link 1230 are coordinated with each other so that, without the influence of external forces, non-contact movement of these structural elements relative to each other is carried out. The axis 1068 of the lever in the illustrated embodiment of the invention is located above the axis 1250 of rotation. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the guide roller 1016 is located between the axis 1068 of the lever and the axis 1250 of rotation. In all embodiments of the invention, the coupling device 1082 can simultaneously be used as a catch device that prevents the door leaf from collapsing when the traction means breaks or the balancing device associated with the traction means breaks.

CLAIM

Claims (48)

CLAIM 1. A gate having a door leaf capable of moving along a trajectory specified by a guide system between a closed position, in which it is located in a vertical plane, and an open position, in which it is located above human height in a horizontal plane, which has several links (10 ) of the door leaf, located one after another in the direction of movement of the door leaf and pivotally connected to each other relative to the hinge axes passing perpendicular to the given trajectory, - 20 039735 at the same time, the guide system has two guides located in the region of the side edges of the door leaf running parallel to the given trajectory, each of which has a first section extending essentially rectilinearly parallel to the side edge of the door leaf in the closed position in the direction of gravity, the second section passing essentially rectilinearly parallel to the lateral edge of the door leaf in the open position, and connecting rectilinearly passing sections to each other, an arcuate section (100), the radius of curvature of which on its inner guide surface (120) is 400 mm or more, and the guide system has additional strips ( 200) interacting with leading guide means installed in the region of the leading edge of the link (10) of the door leaf leading during the opening movement, which have a third straight line passing over the second rectilinearly passing section parallel to it passing section, characterized in that the lower edge of the door leaf in the closed position, at least when the open position is reached by turning the lower link (10) of the door leaf having this edge in the lifting direction (1081), is made with the possibility of lifting separately relative to the one located in the closed the position above it of the link (10) of the door leaf relative to the specified trajectory, while a restrictive device (1200) is provided that limits the movement of rotation of the lower link (1012) of the door leaf in the direction of lifting (1081), at least along a section of the specified trajectory. 2. Gate according to claim 1, characterized in that the radius of curvature of the arcuate section (100) on its inner guide surface (120) is 420 mm or more, preferably 450 mm or more, in particular 500 mm or more. 3. The gate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the third rectilinearly passing section at its front end, facing in the closed position of the door leaf to the inner restrictive surface (12) of the door leaf, facing the space closed by it, passes into a downward-sloping end section (210), which ends at a distance in front of the plane containing the inner limiting surface (12) of the door leaf in the closed position. 4. Gate according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the leading guide means have a guide element placed in the additional bar (200), such as, for example, a guide roller (60, 62), supported with the possibility of rotation about the axis ( 61, 63) of rotation running parallel to the hinge axes, which is mounted on the lead gate link by means of a holder (50) mounted with the possibility of rotation relative to the turn axis (24) running parallel to the hinge axes on the door link advancing during the opening movement. 5. The gate according to claim 4, characterized in that the axis (61, 63) of rotation in the first position of rotation of the holder (50), adopted in the closed position, in the direction of the internal space is located from the inner limiting surface (12) of the leading link of the gate at a distance , which is reduced during the opening movement of the door leaf by turning the holder (50). 6. Gate according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the holder (50) is fixed on the leading link of the gate by means of a fastener (20) fixed relative to the inner limiting surface (12) of the leading link of the gate, while the holder (50) is held on fastener (20) with the possibility of rotation about the axis (24) of rotation, passing preferably in the direction passing perpendicular to the inner restrictive surface (12), with a shift to the restrictive surface (12), and / or the position of the fastener (20) relative to the leading the gate link can be selected in the plane containing it, the inner limiting surface (12), in particular in the direction of the lateral edge of the door leaf. 7. Gate according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the leading guide means have two guide rollers (60, 62) supported on the holder (50) with the possibility of rotation relative to the rotation axes (61, 63) running parallel to the hinge axes. 8. The gate according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide plane (55) containing the axes (61, 63) of rotation of the guide rollers (60, 62) makes an obtuse angle with the plane (53) of rotation containing the axis (24) of rotation and the nearest to the axis (61, 63) of rotation the axis (24) of rotation, and this plane (53) of rotation in the closed position, starting from the axis (24) of rotation in the direction of the line of intersection of the guide plane (55) and the plane (53) of rotation, rises steeper than the guide plane (55) rising in the closed position parallel to the tangent to the end section (210) of the additional bar (200). 9. The gate according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide plane (55) in the open position on the side of the axis (63) of rotation facing the inner limiting surface (12) of the gate link ahead of the opening movement, runs parallel to the inner limiting surface (12 ), preferably coplanar to it. 10. The gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that a balancing device supporting the opening movement is provided, having a traction means (1080), connected - 21 039735 with the lowest door link in the closed position, which, during the opening movement, can be wound onto a winding device located above the arcuate section (100) or behind the end of the second straight section facing away from the arcuate section (100). 11. Gate according to claim 10, characterized in that the traction means (1080) has a traction cable, and the winding device - a winding drum rotating about the axis of the drum, running parallel to the hinge axes, having a guide groove in a spiral shape passing around the axis of the drum in the side surface of the drum for winding on it during the movement of the opening of the traction cable. 12. Gate according to claim 11, characterized in that the section of the traction cable connecting the lowermost link of the gate with the cable drum (300) during the closing movement at its end facing the cable drum (300), starting from the area facing the side edge of the door leaf cable drum (300) moves in the direction of the cable drum (300) area facing away from the side edge of the door leaf and at the same time reaches and, if necessary, passes through a plane penetrating the additional bar (200) and passing perpendicular to the hinge axes. 13. Gate according to claim 12, characterized in that the plane penetrating the additional bar (200) penetrates the area of the cable drum (300) facing away from the side edge of the door leaf. 14. The gate according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the rope drum (300) is connected to the end of the second rectilinearly passing section located above the arcuate section (100) or located behind the end of the second straight section (100) facing away from the arcuate section and strained during the closing movement by the system torsion springs, wherein the axis of the drum preferably runs parallel, in particular collinear to the axis of the torsion spring. 15. Gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner radius of the arc-shaped, preferably circular arc-shaped section (100) is less than 800 mm, preferably less than 700 mm, in particular 600 mm or less. 16. Gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of the inner radius to the height of at least one gate link in the direction parallel to its side edges is 0.6 or more, preferably 0.65 or more, in particular 0.665 or more, particularly preferably 0.68. 17. Gate according to claim 16, characterized in that the ratio of the inner radius to the height of at least one gate link is 0.8 or less, preferably 0.75 or less, particularly preferably 0.7 or less. 18. Gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the height of at least one link (10) of the door leaf in the direction of the side edge of the door leaf is 550-950 mm, in particular 600-900 mm, particularly preferably 700-800 mm. 19. The gate according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that an electric motor drive device is provided associated with the door leaf for carrying out the movement of the door leaf. 20. The gate according to claim 19, characterized in that the drive device is designed so that the closing movement of the door leaf is automatically braked when the edge of the door leaf leading during the closing movement has a height of less than 2.50 m. 21. Gate according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the drive device has a system of light gratings, with the help of which the space traversed by the leading edge of the door leaf during the closing movement is controlled, and objects and / or people falling into this space can be registered. 22. The gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, having a door leaf made with the possibility of movement along a given trajectory guide system between the closed position in which it is located in a vertical plane and the open position in which it is located above human height, preferably in a horizontal plane, which has several links (10) of the door leaf, located one after another in the direction of movement of the door leaf and hinged to each other relative to the hinge axes passing perpendicular to the given trajectory, while the guide system has two lateral edges of the door leaf guides, each of which has a first section extending rectilinearly parallel to the lateral edge of the gate leaf in the closed position essentially in the direction of gravity, the second section extending substantially rectilinearly parallel to the lateral edge of the gate leaf slats in the open position, and an arcuate section (100) connecting rectilinearly passing sections with each other, and also has additional strips (200) interacting with advanced guide means installed in the area of the edge of the link (10) leading the opening when moving. door leaf, which have a third straight section passing parallel to the second rectilinearly passing section, - 22 039735, characterized in that the advancing guide means have a guide element placed in the additional bar (200), such as, for example, a guide roller (60, 62), supported for rotation about the axis (61, 63) of rotation, passing parallel to the hinge axes, which is installed on the leading link of the gate by means of a holder (50) installed with the possibility of rotation relative to the pivot axis (24) running parallel to the hinge axes of rotation on the leading link during the opening movement of the gate. 23. Gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the height of the door leaf is 3.50 m or more, in particular 4.0 m or more. 24. Gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the additional bar (200) has a base element made in it, preferably in the form of a recess similar to a window, for receiving at least a part of the leading guide means when the closed position is reached. 25. Gates according to claim 24, characterized in that the base element is equipped with a stop system that counteracts the movement of the guide means placed in the base element in the direction of opening. 26. The gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, moreover, these gates have a first tension device that displaces the separately raised edge of the lower link (1012) of the door leaf when moving from the open position to the closed position in a given trajectory. 27. Gate according to claim 26, wherein in the closed position of the door leaf, the second tension device counteracts the movement of the separately raised edge in the direction orthogonal to the plane of the door leaf. 28. The gate according to claim 24 or 25, wherein on each of the sides of the door leaf link (1012) facing the guide, having a separately raised edge, at least one guide is located on the lower edge (1014) of this link (1012) of the door leaf. element. 29. The gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, while in the open position the raised edge of the link (1012) of the door leaf in the direction passing perpendicular to it is further from the guide element located on this link (1012) of the door leaf than in the closed position , and raised relative to the guide element up. 30. The gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, while the separately raised link (1012) of the door leaf is connected to the guide element using a pivot lever (1060) of the lever system, which makes it possible to change the distance between at least one located on this link (1012) of the gate leaf by a guide element and a link (1012) of the door leaf, while the guide element, upon reaching the open position by turning the rotary lever relative to the axis (1068) of the lever, rotates in the direction opposite to the direction (1081) of lifting, relative to the lower link (1012) of the door leaf. 31. The gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, while the traction means (1080), raising the door leaf from the closed position to the open position, is connected at one end to the lower edge (1014) of the door leaf, and at its other end is connected to the balancing device, with In this, the traction means (1080) counteracts the first tension device. 32. The gate according to claim 31, characterized in that the traction means (1080) is connected to the lower edge (1014) of the door leaf through a connecting device (1082) installed on the lower edge (1014) with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis ( ) running parallel to the hinge axes ( 1250) of rotation, and this axis (1250) of rotation in the closed position is located under the axis (1068) of the lever. 33. The gate according to claim 32, characterized in that the connecting device (1082) under the action of the pull of the traction means (1080), upon reaching the open position, rotates in the direction (P2) opposite to the direction (P1) of lifting, relative to the lower element of the door leaf. 34. Gate according to one of claims 31-33, characterized in that the restrictive device (1200) has a restrictive element (1220, 1240) intended for the connecting device (1082) and having the ability to rotate with it about the axis of rotation (1250) , and a restrictive element (1220, 1240) intended for the lever system and having the ability to rotate with it about the axis (1068) of the lever. 35. Gate according to claim 34, characterized in that one of the restrictive elements (1220, 1240) has a restrictive link (1230) at least partially extending around the axis (1068) of the lever and/or axis (1250) of rotation. 36. Gate according to claim 35, characterized in that one of the restrictive elements (1220, 1240) has a thrust element that comes into contact with the restrictive link (1230) during the movement of rotation of the lower element of the door leaf in the direction (P1) of the rise. 37. Gate according to one of claims 35 or 36, characterized in that the restrictive link (1230) has a rim extending from the connecting device (1082) extending perpendicular to the hinge axes of the holder (50), across, in particular perpendicular to it , and/or on the swing arm (1060) there is a stop element, which, when the lower door leaf swings in the lifting direction (P1), comes into contact with the - 23 039735 axis (1250) of rotation by the restrictive surface (12) of the restrictive link (1230). 38. Gate according to claim 37, characterized in that the stop element is released when the limiting gate (1230) is in the open position. 39. The gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that the restrictive device (1200) has a fixed guide surface (1260) interacting with the restrictive element (1220, 1240) installed on the lower edge (1014) of the lower element of the door leaf when it reaches the open position . 40. Gate according to claim 39, characterized in that the fixed guide surface (1260) is placed on a wall having a wall opening and extends obliquely upwards. 41. The gate according to claim 39 or 40, characterized by a sliding device mounted on the end of the guide segment passing above the human growth, which is installed on the end of the guide segment that is facing from the arcuate segment of the guide, in the open position having the possibility of adhering to the edge of the door leaf that is ahead of the opening movement, with the help of which the sliding device is installed on the lower edge (1014) gate leaf restrictive element (1220, 1240) in the open position is forced out to the guide surface (1260). 42. The gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and/or second tension device(s) has(s) a spring element. 43. Gate according to one of claims 26-42, characterized in that the first and/or second tension device(s) has(s) a torsion spring. 44. The gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that a drive device connected to the door leaf is provided, having an electric motor, a transmission system connected to the electric motor and an engine control unit, as well as a balancing device supporting the opening movement of the door leaf. 45. The gate, in particular, according to claim 44, characterized in that the transmission system has a worm gear connected to the electric motor, a self-retarding and reducing gear and an overdrive connected to the power take-off shaft of the worm gear, such as a chain gear, having an overdrive ratio preferably 1:1.5 or more, in particular 1:2 or more, particularly preferably 1:3.5. 46. Gate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric motor and transmission system are designed to obtain an opening and/or closing speed of 0.6 m/s or more, in particular 1 m/s. 47. Gate according to one of the previous paragraphs, characterized in that the electric motor includes a frequency-controlled motor. 48. Gate according to one of claims 44 to 47, characterized in that the engine control unit can operate with a predetermined acceleration profile for starting and/or braking the door leaf from a rest position or, respectively, from a state of movement of the door leaf.