EA030676B1 - Raw stock mixture for production of heat-insulation material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to the building materials industry, in particular, to a raw stock mixture for manufacture of heat-insulation products used in construction and renovation of buildings and structures. The proposed raw stock mixture for production of a heat-insulation material comprises fibres of oil palm bark as the main component, liquid sodium glass as a binder, and lime and gypsum additives, with the following proportion of components, wt.%: oil palm bark fibre - 84.6-86.4; lime - 0.9-0.8; gypsum - 0.9-0.8; liquid sodium glass - the balance. Utilization of heat-insulation materials based on the raw stock mixture according to the invention allows reduction of the heat conduction factor, improvement of fire resistance, and an increase in water resistance of liquid sodium glass, which leads to reduction of building heating costs and increases lifetime of heat-insulation materials.

Description

The invention relates to the construction materials industry, in particular to the raw mix for the production of thermal insulation products used in the construction and reconstruction of buildings and structures. The proposed raw mix for the manufacture of insulating material contains the bark fibers of oil palm in the form of the main component, liquid sodium glass as a binder and additives from lime and gypsum in the following ratio, wt.%: Fiber bark of oil palm 84.6-86.4 ; lime - 0.9-0.8; gypsum - 0.9-0.8; liquid sodium glass - the rest. The use of thermal insulation materials based on the inventive raw material mixture allows to reduce the coefficient of thermal conductivity, increase the resistance to combustion, as well as increase the water resistance of liquid sodium glass, which leads to a reduction in the cost of heating the building, as well as increasing the durability of thermal insulation materials.

030676 B1

030676 B1

030676

The invention relates to the construction materials industry, in particular to the raw mix for the production of thermal insulation products used in the construction and reconstruction of buildings and structures.

Famous raw mix for the manufacture of insulating materials containing coconut fiber as the main component, polyester fiber as a binder [1]. This mixture has the following ratio of components, wt.%: Coconut fiber - 85, polyester fiber - 15.

A disadvantage of the known raw material mixture is to obtain on its basis highly combustible heat-insulating materials, which leads to increased fire hazard. In addition, the resulting insulating materials do not have sufficient compressive strength due to low density. In this regard, heat-insulating materials based on the known mixture are limited in use, since they are not used for insulation of ventilated facades, low-sided roofs and in the thermal coat device.

Closest to the claimed is the raw material mixture for the manufacture of insulation materials, selected as a prototype, containing waste from the production of artificial knitted fur as a fibrous filler, liquid sodium glass as a binder and natural chalk enriched as an additive [2]. In this case, the quantitative composition of the known raw material mixture was selected taking into account the physico-mechanical parameters. This mixture has the following ratio of components, wt.%: Waste artificial knitted fur - 88,24; liquid sodium glass - 11.2; natural chalk enriched - 0.56.

A disadvantage of the known raw material mixture is the receipt on its basis of heat-insulating materials, characterized by a high thermal conductivity coefficient and an indicator of flammability G3, which leads to increased heat loss and fire hazard. These materials are used only in conditions that exclude moisture, since liquid sodium glass in combination with natural enriched chalk has low water resistance, which does not allow for the durability of the insulating material.

The task of the invention is to obtain insulating materials with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, low fire risk and increased durability.

This task is achieved by the fact that the proposed raw material mixture for the manufacture of insulating material contains fibers of the bark of oil palm as a main component, liquid sodium glass as a binder and additive from lime and gypsum in the following ratio, wt.%: Bark fiber of oil palm - 84.6-86.4; lime - 0.9-0.8; gypsum - 0.9-0.8; liquid sodium glass - the rest.

Distinctive features of the claimed invention are the qualitative and quantitative composition of the raw mass. Oil palm bark fibers provide a lower thermal conductivity of the material. The addition of lime and gypsum significantly increases the water resistance of liquid sodium glass and increases the resistance to combustion of the insulating material.

To determine the boundary ratios of the components of the heat-insulating mass, three compositions were made. The ratio of components (wt.%) Thermal insulating raw mix are given in table. one.

Table 1

Composition thermal insulation masses Oilseed Bark palm trees Gypsum Lime Liquid sodium glass one 84.6 0.9 0.9 13.6 2 85.2 0.85 0.85 13.1 3 86.4 0.8 0.8 12

Oil palm bark fiber is a type of natural vegetable fiber. It is characterized by high strength, elasticity and elasticity. The studies used the fibers of the bark of oil palm growing on the territory of Malaysia.

In the form of an additive, the construction lime of the company Krasnoyelya Selskstroymaterialy, OJSC according to GOST 9179-77 and the building gypsum PT LLC Typhoon Master, according to GOST 125-79, were used.

As a binder, liquid sodium glass was used by Domanovsky Production and Trade Plant OJSC in accordance with GOST 13078-81.

The compositions were prepared as follows. Produced dosing of components. Then liquid sodium glass was successively mixed with lime and plaster. After the addition of the additives, liquid sodium glass was mixed with the bark of the oil palm. Further, the samples were molded using a press. Samples were kept in the form of 6 hours at a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° С, and then dried for 4 hours in a SNOL-3.5.3.5.3.5 / 3.5-И1 drying cabinet at a temperature of 45-55 ° С.

The average density of the samples was determined in accordance with GOST 17177-94. The dimensions of the samples were measured with a caliper with an accuracy of 0.05 mm. The mass of the samples was determined by weighing on the scales of the laboratory technical ML 1.5 V1ZHA "Newton" with an accuracy of 0.05 g

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The thermal conductivity of the samples was determined on the device ITP-MG4 "250" in accordance with STB 16182006.

The solubility of liquid sodium glass was determined for the prototype and for the claimed samples by the method of drying using flannel fabric. Samples of flannel fabric with a size of 100x100 mm were impregnated with a binder, dried in a drying cabinet at a temperature of 80-110 ° C. Upon reaching constant mass, the samples were cooled and immersed in a container with water at a temperature of 20 ± 5 ° C. After 2 h, samples of flannel with a binder removed from the tank. To remove excess water, the fabric was hung in a free state for 30 minutes. After that, the flannel samples were placed in an oven and, on reaching a constant mass, the fabric was weighed. Next, the samples were again immersed in a container with water, dried and weighed. The number of experiments was determined by the constancy of the mass of three successively dried flannel samples. The change in mass of the samples was expressed as a percentage. The amount of change in the mass of the impregnated flannel samples before and after soaking and drying determined the insoluble residue (water resistance).

The flammability group of the samples was determined according to GOST 30244-94.

The results are presented in Table. 2

table 2

Composition thermal insulation masses Average density, kg / m ³ Coefficient thermal conductivity W / (m- ° C) Water resistance liquid sodium glass,% Group flammability Declared composition 1 135 0.047 95 P composition 2 156 0.047 95 P composition 3 168 0.046 94 P Prototype 150 0.058 62 Gz

The use of the fiber of the bark of the oil palm as the main component, liquid sodium glass as a binder, as well as lime and gypsum in the form of additives allows to obtain insulating materials with a density of 135-168 kg / m ³ . Thermal conductivity decreases by 1920.7% and is 0.046-0.047 W / (m- ° C). Water resistance of liquid sodium glass is increased by 3233%. The flammability of the heat-insulating material on the basis of the claimed mixture increases to the flammability group G1.

The use of heat-insulating materials based on the inventive raw material mixture allows to reduce the coefficient of thermal conductivity, increase the resistance to combustion, as well as increase the water resistance of liquid sodium glass, which leads to a reduction in the cost of heating the building, and also increases the durability of the insulating material.

Information sources:

1. Coconut insulation Bauplit [Electronic resource]: GreeBauld-Trade website. - Access Mode: http://g-b-t.ru/collection/kokosovye-utepliteli/product/uteplitel-iz-kokosa-bauplit-cocos. - Access date: 05/25/2017.

2. Heat insulation plates made of synthetic fibers. Specifications: STB 1161 - 99. Introduced. 05/31/1999. Minsk: Gosstandart, 1999. 11 p.

Claims (1)

CLAIM Raw mix for the manufacture of insulating material, including fibrous filler, liquid sodium glass as a binder and an additive, characterized in that it contains lime and gypsum as additives, and as a fibrous aggregate contains bark of oil palm in the following ratio of components, wt. .%: oil palm bark fibers - 84.6-86.4; lime - 0.9-0.8; gypsum - 0.9-0.8; liquid sodium glass - the rest.