EA028499B1 - Method for monitoring smoothness of operation of a gear wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to control smoothness norms of operation of cylindrical, conical, or worm gear wheels. The aim of the proposed invention is to develop a method for monitoring smoothness norms of operation of a gear wheel having substantially different values of testing center distance oscillation on one tooth f, and also, if in the IMR oscillation fon one or more teeth of the controlled gear wheel there is present more than one harmonic component. The claimed method for controlling smoothness norms of the gear wheel operation by the clarified IMR oscillation on one tooth was used in the control of satellites of planetary gears with 4 satellites for selective assembly during selection of a set of 4 satellites with the closest parameters by the IMR oscillation. A method for monitoring smoothness of the gear wheel operation by measuring oscillation of the measuring interaxial distance of the gear wheel, in which the controlled and measuring gear wheels are engaged in two-profile engagement with unequal engagement angle during measurement and the machine-tool engagement angle during the finishing machining of the controlled gear wheel with recording oscillation of the measuring center distance relative to readings of the linear and angular movement sensors of the controlled gear wheel relative to the measuring gear wheel, wherein from the record of the oscillation of the measuring interaxial distance per one revolution of the controlled gear wheel, oscillations of the measuring distance at each tooth of the controlled gear wheel are distinguished, when the controlled gear wheel is rotated by one angular pitch, followed by decomposition of the distinguished oscillation of the measuring distance at each tooth of the controlled gear wheel to harmonic components at different frequency values, definition of the clarified oscillation of the measuring interaxial distance on each tooth of the controlled gear as the mean square value of the doubled amplitudes of the harmonic components at different frequencies and definition of the clarified oscillation of the measuring interaxial distance on one tooth of the controlled gear wheel as the mean arithmetic value of the clarified oscillation of the measuring center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear wheel.

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular for monitoring the smoothness of the operation of cylindrical or bevel, or worm gears.

According to GOST 1643-81 [1] (tab. 3, p.6), the smoothness of operation of a cylindrical gear for degrees of accuracy 5-12 are determined by the oscillation of the measuring center distance (IMR) on one tooth RC, According to GOST 1643-81 [1] (Clause 9, p. 33) the IMR vibration on one tooth is defined as the difference between the largest and smallest effective measuring interaxal distances for two-profile engagement of the measuring gear with a controlled gear when the latter rotates by one angular step.

A known method of measuring the fluctuation of the magnetic resonance imaging on one tooth using a two-profile control device (intercenter) [2] (p. 132). The principle of operation of the intercenter meters is that the controlled gear wheel is tightly engaged with the measuring wheel located on the movable caliper, and when the measuring and controlled gears rotate, the movable caliper oscillates, which is an IMR oscillation and the magnitude of which is fixed by an indicator or a special sensor.

To assess the smoothness of a controlled gear in accordance with GOST 1643-81, the measurement result of only one tooth of a controlled gear with the highest IMR G / _G max is adopted from the IMR control. Moreover, the largest value of T ^ max is defined as the doubled amplitude of the first harmonic component of the IMR oscillation when the controlled gear rotates by one angular step.

Such an assessment of the results of the control of the gear wheel is correct if each of the teeth of the controlled gear has similar IMR vibrations on one tooth and the IMR vibration on each of the teeth of the controlled gear has only one harmonic component.

The disadvantage of this control is the limited information for assessing the smoothness of the controlled gear in cases where the teeth of the controlled gear will have significantly different values of 1% IMR fluctuation on one tooth, as well as if one or more teeth in the IMR oscillations on one tooth A controlled gear will have more than one harmonic component.

Known methods for monitoring the smoothness of the gear by measuring the fluctuation of the WMI for one revolution of the controlled gear, determining the average and minimum fluctuations of the WMI on one tooth of its average value and, accordingly, the average value of the fluctuation per revolution of the controlled gear [3-5 ].

The aim of the invention is the development of a method for monitoring the smoothness of a gear wheel, which has substantially different values of the IMR vibration on one tooth on the teeth, and also if more than one harmonic component is present in the IMR vibration on one tooth for one or more teeth of the controlled gear.

The problem is solved in that in the method of monitoring the gear smoothness of the gear according to the invention, the control of the gear smoothness is performed by measuring the oscillation of the measuring center distance of the gear, in which the controlled and measuring gears are engaged in two-profile gearing with the gearing angle inequality being measured and angle of machine engagement during finishing of a controlled gear with registration of measuring of the distance from the readings of the linear and angular displacement sensors of the controlled gear relative to the measuring gear, according to the invention, from the recording of the measurement of the measuring center distance per revolution of the controlled gear, the measuring distance of the center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear is rotated when the controlled gear is rotated by one angular step followed by the decomposition of the selected oscillations of the measuring center distance I on each tooth of the controlled gear for harmonic components at different frequencies k, by defining the specified variation of the measuring center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear as the mean square value of doubled amplitudes [GD _for harmonic components at frequencies of k from 1 to η depending

where [1 ^// 1G] _k = ₁ is the mean square value of the doubled amplitude of the harmonic component at a frequency k = 1,

I Sp-k _p is the mean square value of the doubled amplitude of the harmonic component at a frequency k = p, η is the number of harmonic components in the selected oscillation of the measuring center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear, No. (1 ... ζ) is the serial number of the tooth of the controlled gear wheels from 1 to ζ,

- 1 028499

Ζ - the number of teeth of the controlled gear, and the definition of the adjusted vibration of the measuring center distance on one tooth of the controlled gear [1 ^// £ _Г ] _clar , as the arithmetic average of the adjusted vibration of the measuring center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear according to

where [ί ^// £ _Γ ] _No. ι _ref is the specified oscillation of the measuring center distance of the tooth number number 1 of the controlled gear,

Τ _1Γ ] _{No. ζ clar} - specified fluctuation of the measuring center distance of the tooth number No. ζ of the controlled gear.

The invention is illustrated by figures.

FIG. 1 - a graphical record of the oscillation of the measuring center distance in the coordinates: the deviation of the measuring center distance from the nominal measuring center distance - the angle of rotation of the controlled gear;

FIG. 2 - the allocation of the oscillations of the measuring center distance on one tooth on the 3rd tooth of the controlled gear;

FIG. 3 is a dedicated graphical record of the oscillations of the measuring center distance on one tooth from FIG. 2 on the 3rd tooth of the controlled gear.

The implementation of the proposed method for controlling gear smoothness standards is illustrated by the example of the gear smoothness control of an onboard planetary gear of MAZ trucks, accuracy level 7-6-6-Sat, with module t = 4.5, number of teeth ζ = 14, using a two-profile control device with a device for recording IMR oscillations, in this case, a two-profile control device was used on the basis of a control and measuring device of the VZ-581F4 model of the enterprise of Vizas OJSC - ΗΠρ: / Λγ \ γ \ γ.νίζα8.θΓ2 / ρΓθάι ^ Ιδ / ⁹ ίά = νζ581Ι4 [6], for this For the same purpose, similar instruments can be used for two-profile control of gears of model ΖΑΡ 14/24 of the company Rgepso 1k) p: ^^^ [7] or devices for two-profile control of gears of models 3100В, 3100С, 31001. firms I .ίη1 <δ - йίίр: //γγγ.1^ηкδ-^ иδδ^а.^и/р^оάисίδ/р^^се / ^^ηкδ_ζиЬ.рάΤ [8], equipped with linear displacement and angular displacement sensors of the controlled gear relative to the measuring gear, an electronic module m sensor signals for converting the linear and angular displacements of the graphics and electronic record fluctuations of the measuring axle distance.

Before installing the monitored and measuring gears on a two-profile IMR control device, the angle of engagement of a _{and the} monitored gear with a measuring gear is determined using known dependencies [2] (p. 136)

where ξο = ξπ + ξ + ξ _Δ π ⁺ ξ _Δ is the sum of the displacement coefficients of the initial contour of the measuring and controlled wheels, and _d = 20 ° is the angle of the original contour, ξ _υ = 0 is the displacement coefficient of the initial contour of the measuring wheel, ξ = 0, 41 - displacement coefficient of the initial contour of the controlled wheel, ξ _Δυ = -0.100 - additional displacement of the initial contour of the measuring wheel, ξΔ = -0.074 - additional displacement of the initial contour of the measured wheel, ζ = 14 - the number of teeth of the controlled wheel, ζ _υ = 40 - the number of teeth measuring wheel as a result

0, 236 20

014904

0.018808 and a = 21 33 '+ 40 nominal measuring center distance .5 (/ 4 + 40) soybeans 20 ⁰ t (ζ + ζ _и ) · soya 2 soya = 122, 75 mm.

Sokh 21 33

Taking into account a certain nominal measuring center distance A _and fix the zero point of reference of the IMR on the two-profile IMR control device, set the controlled gear and the measuring gear on the two-profile IMR control device, put both gears into clearance-free gearing and rotate, informing the controlled gear not less than 1.5 turns.

- 2 028499

During the rotation of the measuring-controlled pair of gears, the signals from the linear displacement sensor and the angular displacement sensor of the controlled gear relative to the measuring gear enter the electronic module, in which the signals of the linear and angular displacement sensors are converted into a graphic and electronic record of the measurement of the axial distance. A graphical record of the IMR fluctuation in the coordinates: the deviation of the IMR from the zero reference point (nominal measuring center distance) —the angle of rotation of the controlled gear is shown in FIG. one.

From the record of the IMR oscillations per revolution of the controlled gear, the records of the IMR oscillations on one tooth of the monitored gear on each tooth are extracted when the monitored gear rotates by one angular step, in FIG. Figure 2 shows the allocation of the recording of the IMR fluctuation on one tooth of a controlled gear, for example, on the 3rd tooth. The total number of selected records of the IMR fluctuation on one tooth of a controlled gear on each tooth in our case is equal to the number of teeth ζ = 14.

From the selected record of the IMR oscillations on one tooth of each tooth of the controlled gear wheel, harmonic components with different frequencies k and their values of double amplitudes [D] _k are determined.

In our case, the MLTGLB 7.7.0 software was used to isolate the harmonic components [9]. In the general case, the number of harmonic components can be different for each tooth, in our case, four harmonic components with frequencies k =, k = 2, k = 4 and k = 8 were identified on each tooth of the gear wheel taken as an example, the results of determining double the values of the amplitude of the harmonic component of the IMR vibration on one tooth for each tooth of the controlled gear are given in table. one.

Table 1. The results of determining the doubled value of the amplitude of the harmonic component of the oscillations of the IMR on one tooth of a controlled gear

For each tooth of the controlled gear wheel, the specified oscillation of the measuring interaxal distance on one tooth on each tooth of the controlled gear wheel is determined as the quadratic value of the doubled amplitudes [Unit _to harmonic components at different frequencies к according to dependence (1), in our example

where [£ ^// 1g] _k = ₁ is the mean square value of the doubled amplitude of the harmonic component at a frequency k = 1, [£ ^// 1g] _k = ₇ is the mean square value of the doubled amplitude of the harmonic component at a frequency k = 2, [1 ' ^/ | ^R | _{to 4} is the mean square value of the doubled amplitude of the harmonic component at

- 3 028499 frequency k = 4, [£ f.] K _{= 8} - the mean square value of the doubled amplitude of the harmonic component at a frequency k = 8, η 4 - the number of harmonic components in the selected oscillation of the measuring center distance on one tooth on each tooth of the controlled gear wheels.

The adjusted oscillation of the measuring center distance on one tooth, for example, on tooth No. 3 of the controlled gear is

In the table. 2 shows the results of determining the specified variation of the measuring center distance on one tooth on each tooth of the controlled gear [£ f.] _No. (1. ₂ ) _ref .

Table 2. The results of the determination of the adjusted oscillation of the measuring center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear

Serial ί number of the tooth of the controlled gear No.:

Refined fluctuation of IMR on one tooth on each tooth of a controlled gear

/. ,, ζ,,, μm

B 'yy \ n (1 ... Ζ)

one , // 1 / 1G = 14 5 No. I clarification ’ ί ² I 0 \ 0 1G = 16.1 1 # 2 clar ι s 0 1 / yy V. = 12.0 clarify P ⁴ ΐ _____ ... _ 0 '1 / yy V. = 11.5 No. 4 duck 5 I ί ί 0 = 13 2 \ # 5 specify ⁶ [g ,,, = 11.6 ΎΡό duck ’ 7 \ e = N, 8 No. / specify 8 .0 = 11.6 \ o8 clar nine .0 ,, „= 13.3 Ι / νρν 10 0. G, L = 13.1 duck ’ eleven 0 ' .... = 12.4 No. 11 duck ’ 12 4 / 1G 1 L / 9 = 13.7 ar 12 clar thirteen g = 15.3 νρ / 5 ref ’ 14 0. = 17.7 N914 duck

Amount 187.8

Determine the adjusted vibration of the IMR on one tooth [1 ^// 1 _G ] of the _{precision of the} controlled gear as the arithmetic average of the adjusted variation of the measuring center distance on one tooth on each tooth of the controlled gear according to dependence (2), in our example [/; / · ]> / ref ^{+ +} [./ΪΓ

187.8

13.4 microns.

[./ 1G> 14 packs

The IMR vibration determined on the basis of the requirements of GOST 1643-81 on one tooth for the degree of accuracy 7-6-6-Сй adopted in the example of a gear wheel with the module m = 4.5 and the number of teeth ζ = 14 is [1 ^// 1d] = 7b, 5 microns.

Conclusion: in the given example, the rate of smoothness of the gear determined by the claimed method according to the specified IMR vibration on one tooth [1 ^// 1 _G ], the _duck 19% differs from the IMR vibration on one tooth ίΡ determined according to the requirements of GOST 1643-81.

The claimed method of controlling the gear operation smoothness norms according to the specified IMR vibration on one tooth 11 ' _1G | m _o h was used to control planetary gear satellites with 4 satellites.

A feature of planetary gears with 4 or more satellites is that equalization devices do not solve the problem of load balancing between satellites. The most effective solution for balancing the load between satellites of planetary gears with 4 or more satellites is to use selective assembly when selecting a set of 4 satellites with the closest parameters for the IMR oscillation.

As a result, collected planetary transmission satellites to control the smoothness of the rules to refine the vibration WRI on one tooth 11 _'1G | m _a h conform with the requirements in terms of noise.

- 4,028,499

Literature

1) GOST 1643-81. Cylindrical gears. Tolerances. Ed. standards. - 1981, p. 46.

2) Markov A.L. Measuring gears. Ed. 4th, rev. and add. / A.L. Markov / L., Engineering. - 1977, 280 p.

3) 8th KE. Lepisyop o £ Seag Νοίδο \\ yk 8t§1e P1apk Sotrozie MeizigetepESeag TesEpododu. MauDipe. - 1986, p. 17-29.

4) Kayeg, E. Prgessa1 Königergötz, Eje oe o e OoEe-P1apk Tezipd og Oye Mapi ас aclig1npg Cs1go1 oe Seagtg-Pag1 Ι / E / Kayeig, G. EeGe1e // Ceag. 1 Apiagu / ReGiegu. - 2014, -8.44-51.

5) Kayeg, E. Prgessa1 Königergrünen, Köyeg, G.E.GeGe // Céag Tép. Magsy / Argy, - 2014, -8.60-69.

6) The control and measuring device 1ТЗ-581Ф4 // к11рУ / \\ l \ l \\\ h / az.ogts / rgobis1z /? 1b = V7581 £ 4.

7) 2 \ e1yapkep \ acrgi £ ип§ КШ /. Ggepso STN Ueg7aypip§z1esyp1k. Mezselip1k // y11p: // \\\. £ hepso.be / be / £ hepso- £ heyigipigztz1ezip1k-hegipypgp-hobik1girrep.pyrguyopzetzipzp & & 7 \ e1yapkep \ ekrp.

8) A device for two-profile control of gears 3100B, 3100C, 3100E // yyr: // \\\. Ypkzgizzaa.gi / rgobis1z / rg1se / Etkz_7ib.rb £.

9) MATIAB 7.7.0 (K2008b) - sotr.zoy-zuz.ta11ab // yyr: //rog1a1b1ezo1 .1/32499-brbz-bosz-$og-taYaB7.7.0-g2008b-sotr.zoyzuz .ta11a.y1t1 /.

Claims (1)

CLAIM A method of controlling the smoothness of the gear by measuring the fluctuation of the measuring interaxal distance of the gear, in which the controlled and measuring gears are engaged in two-profile gearing when the gearing angle is different when measuring and the angle of the machine gear when finishing the controlled gear with registering the measurement of the measuring center distance from the readings of the sensors of linear and angular displacement of the controlled gear include measuring gear, while from the recording of the measurement of the measuring center distance per revolution of the controlled gear, the measuring distance of the center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear is distinguished when the controlled gear is rotated by one angular step, followed by the decomposition of the selected measurement of the measuring center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear to harmonic components at various frequencies k, by determining tochnennogo fluctuation measuring axle distance for each tooth gear controlled [^ ^ Dhoschlg accurate as the mean square value of twice the amplitude [£ ^// £ _{T] to} harmonic components at frequencies of values of k from 1 to n depending on where ^[// 1 1d] _k = ₁ is the mean square value of the doubled amplitude of the harmonic component at a frequency of k = 1, ΙΙ ',, Ι;, is the mean square value of the doubled amplitude of the harmonic component at a frequency k = n, n is the number of harmonic components in the selected oscillation of the measuring center distance on each tooth of the controlled gear wheel, No. (1 ... ζ) is the serial number controlled gear tooth from 1 to ζ, ζ - the number of teeth of a gear wheel controlled, and determining the adjusted axle distance measuring fluctuations in the controlled one tooth gear [£ ^// _F 1] as the average of the arithmetic _{made more precise} th value of the adjusted fluctuation measuring center distance in each gear tooth controlled depending on where [ί ^// ϊ _Γ] №ΐ _{made more precise} - a refined swing axle distance measuring tooth number 1 controlled gear, ^{[^ ίΓ]} №ζ made more precise - a refined swing meter center distance of the tooth number ζ of the controlled gear.