EA021650B1 - Multichamber gas burner of tubular type - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-chamber gas burner of tubular type can be used in different purpose boilers, in thermal generators, in combustion chambers of gas turbine units. The multi-chamber gas burner of tubular type consists of outer and inner bodies insulated from each other, branch pipes for gas and air supply, air and gas chambers, end inner and outer walls, between which air pipes with gas holes on side walls are positioned, the last of which is made as a distribution plate with holes for air supply, and inside outer and inner bodies preparatory (diffusion) and main gas chambers separated by intermediate solid wall are made.

Description

The invention relates to gas burners with stage preparation of the fuel mixture and separate channels for air and gas. The burner can be used in boilers of various types, in surface and contact heat generators, in the combustion chambers of units.

Known gas burner [patent of Ukraine for invention No. 21118, registered 02.15.2007, bull. No. 2, authors Lyubchik G.N., Govdyak R.M., Varlamov GB, Chabanovich LB, Shelkovsky B.I., Mikulin G.A.], containing front and back walls with openings, air tubes that are fixed between the air holes of the walls, a gas pipe that is connected to the central hole of the front wall, and end plates that are fixed between the ends of the walls and together with the air tubes and walls form a gas chamber, while the end plates form the wall of the tubular combustion chamber segment channels for supplying additional zduha in circumferential combustion zone.

When using this design of the burner, the fuel mixture is formed directly in the combustion chamber without its prior formation. This leads to inefficient mixing of the fuel mixture, which is accompanied by poor-quality combustion and reduces the reliability of the unit.

Known gas burner [patent of Ukraine for invention No. 34812 A, registered March 15, 2001, bull. No. 2, authors Lyubchik GN, Marchenko GS], comprising a housing with a dense end wall, air and gas chambers, between which there is an additional wall with holes, tubes, and also pipes for supplying gas and air, opposite the end a wall made in the form of a distribution plate with holes for supplying gas and placed in the gas chamber and fixed with opposite ends in the holes of the additional wall of the air tubes with holes on the side walls, and additionally fixed in the holes and second ends of the junction plates air tubes are outside their limits, and the axis holes for the air tubes in the distributor plate positioned equidistant from the axes of the nearest adjacent air holes.

The design of the burner due to the combined (preliminary and diffusion) mixture formation does not provide effective combustion at high excess air, and the range of working regulation of thermal power with a constant excess of air cannot exceed a 23-fold change in power and does not ensure compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements for products combustion.

Known burner [patent of Ukraine for invention No. 56602 A, registered May 15, 2003, bull. No. 5, authors Varlamov GB, Lyubchik GN, Marchenko GS, Makarenko VA, Mikulin GA], which is taken as the closest analogue (prototype) and contains an external cylindrical body with a dense end wall, nozzles for supplying gas and air, air and gas chambers separated by an additional wall with holes in which air tubes are located parallel to the axis of the burner, opposite the end wall, made in the form of a distribution plate with gas supply holes, and placed in the gas chamber and fixed opposite at the ends of the holes of the additional wall, the air tubes with holes on the side walls, and fixed in the holes of the additional and distribution plates, the ends of the air tubes extend beyond them, and the axis of the holes for the air tubes in the distribution and additional plates are located at an equal distance from the axes of the adjacent adjacent air holes, and it has an inner case with an additional pipe for supplying gas and an additional pipe for supplying air isolated from the external case Coupled to the conical inner body seal, wherein the inside of the inner housing between the burner and more air distribution tubes and walls formed by the inner gas chamber, and between the additional wall and the air pipe - the inner air chamber.

The design of this burner due to the use of two pairs of isolated gas and air chambers makes it possible to operate it in various modes of fuel supply with a constant coefficient of excess air, expands the range of operation of the burner both in thermal power and in the coefficient of excess air.

However, the design of this burner does not allow it to be used optimally in various load conditions of the unit while maintaining the necessary economic and environmental characteristics. Also, when using this design in some operating modes of the unit, pulsating combustion and vibrational processes occur, which leads to a decrease in its reliability.

The objective of the invention is, by changing the design of the gas burner to be able to regulate and optimize the aerodynamic and thermal processes of mixture formation and combustion of the gas-air mixture with achieving better than the analogue, performance indicators and environmental friendliness while reducing the likelihood of pulsed combustion and vibration processes in a wide range of unit loads.

The problem is achieved in that the multi-chamber gas burner of the tubular type contains an external and an internal chamber that are isolated from each other, nozzles for supplying gas and air, air and gas chambers in which air tubes with openings on the side walls are located parallel to the axis of the burner, and the end wall, which is made in the form of a distribution plate with holes for supplying gas, which corresponds to the analogue, and the gas chamber in the inner and outer cases is divided by a dense wall, forming Thus, there are four independent gas chambers, which allows you to organize the process of regulating the fuel supply at four independent points of its supply. This design allows you to adjust the quality of the mixture formation and combustion of the air-fuel mixture, provides the optimal concentration of gases in the gas-air mixture in a wide range of unit loads.

Design features of the invention are explained by the drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a gas burner (front view); in FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section (along AA) of a gas burner.

The gas tube-type burner with distributed chambers (Fig. 2) contains an outer casing 1 and an inner casing 2, which are isolated from each other, nozzles for supplying gas 3 and 4 and a nozzle for air 5, an air chamber 6, which is connected by air tubes 7 with gas openings on the side walls 8, preliminary gas chambers 9 and main gas chambers 10, which are separated by a dense intermediate wall 11, as well as end walls 15 and 12, the last of which is made in the form of a distribution plate with a hole gas supply 13, and gas pipes 14, through which gas is supplied to the preliminary gas chamber 9 and the main gas chamber 10 in the inner housing 2.

A gas burner of a tubular type with distributed chambers works as follows.

The air through the nozzle 5 enters the air chamber 6, after which it enters the air tubes 7. In the air tubes, the air is mixed with the gas supplied through the gas openings 8 on the side walls (pre-mixing), which is supplied by the nozzles 3 and 14 to the preliminary gas chambers 9 in the outer casing 1 and the inner casing 2. After this, the air-gas mixture is sent directly to the combustion zone of the unit using air tubes 7, where it is additionally mixed with gas (diffusion mixture formation ), which enters through the nozzles 4 into the main gas chambers 10 in the outer casing 1 and the inner casing 2 and through the gas supply openings 13 in the distribution plate 12 enters directly into the combustion chamber.

The use of several gas chambers in a tubular type gas burner makes it possible to qualitatively control the formation and combustion of a gas-air mixture at various load conditions of the unit, which leads to a decrease in emissions of harmful substances and eliminates the possibility of pulsed combustion and vibration processes.

Claims (1)

A multi-chamber gas burner of a tubular type, comprising an outer (1) and an inner (2) housing that are isolated from each other, nozzles for supplying gas (3, 4, 14) and air (5), air (6) and gas chambers (9 , 10), in which there are air tubes (7) with gas holes on the side walls (8) for preliminary gas supply, end internal (15) and external walls (12), the last of which is made in the form of a distribution plate with holes (13 ) for diffusion gas supply, characterized in that the inside of the outer and inner shell s burner contains preliminary (diffusion) and the main gas chamber separated by a dense intermediate wall (11).