EA015614B1 - Anode cell of electrolyzer for alumina production and method for manufacturing therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to designs and technology of manufacturing anode cells of electrolyzers for aluminum production. The device comprises a silumin rod, a bimetallic steel aluminum insert, a steel bracket with a trapezoid nipple part inserted into an adequate groove of the anode block and current-carrying lubricant of the anode block-nipple contact unit. The steel bracket is mould, the anode block is formed, burnt in a vertical position, the anode block is connected to the bracket of the anode holder with prior applied the current-carrying lubricant thereon the contact anode block-nipple unit.

Description

The invention relates to metallurgy, and in particular to structures and production technology of anode current leads of electrolyzers for aluminum production.

Specialists of the All-Russian Institute of Aluminum, Magnesium and Electrode Industry (WAMI) and foreign companies Κ & Ό Sagoyoi LTO. T11S MTETA. Me! A18 & Ma1epa15 8os1e1u. actively engaged in carbon research. primarily anodes. anode mass and material for cathodes. published a number of works [1-4]. in which the main attention is paid to studies of the quality of the anodes and their raw materials. manufacturing techniques and firing of anode blocks.

The construction of the anode current lead used in world practice - a calcined anode block assembly with steel 3-. 4- or 8-nipple bracket. bimetal steel-aluminum insert and anodine holder bar made of silumin has a number of design and technological disadvantages. The operation of the above design of the anode current lead revealed a number of labor-intensive problems. expensive manufacturing techniques and technical specifications. in particular, a significant voltage drop in the nipple-anode assembly due to insufficient contact surface and uneven current distribution in the anode block. low strength of the contact node anode block - nipple. a relatively short cycle of operation of the anode current lead in the cell. difficulties with in-plant transportation of the anode current lead assembly. the need for additional production of cast iron nipple nests. restoration of nipples, etc.

Closest to the claimed invention are the design of the anode current supply of the electrolyzer for aluminum production [5] and the method of its manufacture [6]. The device consists of an anode block. cast steel anode holder bracket. bimetal inserts made of aluminum and steel. anode holder rods made of silumin. Round or rectangular nipples. as separate elements of a typical anode holder bracket. and traditional nipple sockets of the anode block are absent in the design. The nipple part of the steel bracket of the anode holder is solid. in the form of a beam of a trapezoidal section. inserted without cast iron in a proportional trapezoidal groove of the anode block [5]. The steel bracket is made by casting into earthen flasks in the nipple part of the anode block by milling with a broach or planing form solid. for the entire length of the block. trapezoidal groove [6].

The disadvantages of this design include the presence of a problematic structural element - precisely calculated minimum required clearance between the contact surfaces of the nipple part of the bracket and the groove of the anode block. requiring high precision manufacturing of parts and special thoroughness of surface preparation. as well as the complexity and low productivity of operations. directly related to the formation of the groove.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate existing design flaws and increase the manufacturability of the manufacture of the anode current lead.

This goal is achieved by using a new structural element - conductive grease in the contact node of the anode block - the nipple. a fundamentally new way of forming the groove of the anode block and changing the firing scheme of green anodes.

The schematic diagram and general view of the structure are presented in the drawing. The anode current lead MX (modernized. X series) of the electrolyzer for aluminum production consists of the following structural elements: anode block - 1; conductive grease - 2; steel cast bracket - 3; bimetal insert made of aluminum and steel - 4; anode holder bar made of silumin - 5.

The proposed conductive lubricant smoothes (corrects) errors. arising during the casting of the nipple part of the anode block and the formation of the groove of the anode block. provides uniform current distribution of the contact node anode block nipple. facilitates the process of inserting the bracket into the groove of the anode block.

The steel bracket of the anode holder 3 is made by casting. The nipple part of the steel bracket has a trapezoidal shape of a truncated reverse wedge. In the anode block 1, instead of nipple nests, a solid is formed. the entire length of the calcined anode. trapezoidal groove under the nipple part of the bracket. The connection of the anode block with the bracket of the anode holder is made using a pusher after preliminary application of conductive grease to the contact node of the anode block - the nipple.

Solid formation. the entire length of the anode block of the trapezoidal groove. carried out at the stage of manufacturing a green anode. by pressing the anode mass. which avoids time-consuming. unproductive milling operations. planing and broaching. Green anodes formed in this way. to avoid mechanical deformation. burn in an upright position. unlike the traditional horizontal firing method.

The anode current supply of the electrolyzer can be operated in conjunction with existing ones. internationally accepted designs of anode current leads and gradually replace them in the future.

Along with the advantages of the prototype [5. 6]. Confirmed during the successful conduct of industrial tests at the GUN TalCo enterprise. the introduction of a new design of the anode current lead and the method of its manufacture will additionally allow:

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1) to increase the strength and improve the performance of the contact node of the anode block - nipple due to the regulation by means of conductive lubrication of the gap changes caused by thermal expansion of materials (steel, carbon) with different volume expansion coefficients;

2) to increase manufacturability and reduce the complexity of operations for the manufacture of structural elements of the anode current lead.

3) carry out the electrolysis process even if there are vertical cracks in the anode block caused by mechanical stress or thermal shock, because the proposed design has a large degree of freedom of movement of the connected (mated) elements of the system anode block bracket.

Pilot tests of the MX anode current lead are carried out at the GAL TalKo enterprise.

Information sources

1. Yanko E.A. Anodes of aluminum electrolyzers. - M.: Publishing House Ore and Metals, 2001, p. 470-591.

2. δυ А Collection of publications of an independent company Κ & Ό СагЬпЬЬЬ. Anodes in the aluminum industry. - 8 ^ y / er1app, 1995, p. 7-15, 293-304.

3. Mapp ^ and its. New technologies for the production of anodes in the aluminum industry. - UM, 1995, p. 15-21.

4. Iense E. Workshop of calcined anodes at the Reynold aluminum plant in Hamburg. - Translation No. 81/77 VAMI - All-Russian Institute of Aluminum, Magnesium and Electrode Industry.

5. Small patent for invention T1 224 Anode current supply of the electrolyzer for aluminum production.

6. Small patent for invention T1 223 A method of manufacturing anode current leads of electrolyzers for aluminum production.

Claims (2)

CLAIM 1. The anode current lead of an electrolyzer for aluminum production, consisting of an anode block with a trapezoidal groove along the entire length of the nipple part, into which a steel bracket of the anode holder is inserted, connected by means of a bimetallic steel-aluminum insert with a silumin bar of the anode holder, and the nodal part of the anode holder will be attached in the shape of the anode holder, and the pattern will be in the same line, the pattern will be in the same line, the pattern will be used by the template, and the pattern will be in the same line, the pattern will be in the same line, the pattern will be in the same line, the frame will be in the same line, the frame will be in the same line, the frame will be in the shape of the frame, the shape of the anode of the anode of the anode will section, commensurate groove of the anode block, characterized in that the contact node anode block - nipple additionally contains a current leading lubricant. 2. A method of manufacturing the anode current lead of an electrolyzer for aluminum production, which consists in casting the steel bracket of the anode holder, forming a trapezoid groove in the nipple part of the anode block, connecting the nipple part of the anode block with the steel bracket of the anode holder, characterized in that the formation of the trapezoid groove is performed at the stage manufacturing a green anode by pressing the anode mass, the green anode is fired in a vertical position, the connection of the anode block with the anode bracket zhatelya produce precoated conductive grease on the contact node anode structure - nipple.