EA011527B1 - Tubular screen separator - Google Patents

Abstract

A screen assembly is disclosed. The screen assembly may have a feed hopper manifold, in series or parallel. The screen elements are in the form of a single flow directing channel, and the elements are individually replaceable. Such elements may be in the tubular or channel form.

Description

The invention relates to vibratory screen shakers or screens and screening units used in them.

The level of technology

Vibrating sieve separators (sorting, sorting machines) are known for a long time. They have a frame, a casing mounted elastically on it, a vibrodrive connected to the casing and screening units mounted on the casing. Screening units used in vibratory screen separators are usually flat or with a very slight bulge and are made in the form of round or rectangular frames with one or more layers of screening medium attached to them that form the screening surface. In some cases, to increase the screening surface, the screening medium is laid in the form of folds before it is fixed on the carrier frame - see US Pat. No. 6,484,885 “A convex sieve for solids” issued on November 26, 2002 in the name of Glenn Lily, and 4820407 “Sieve for solids ”, issued in April 1989 in his own name. For the formation of these folds, some screening media are subjected to "shirring" - see US Pat. No. 5,667,749 "Wave sieve for mechanical vibrating screen", issued June 10, 1997 in the name of Wojciechowski, 5417858 "Screening unit for mechanical vibrating screen", issued May 23, 1995 in the name of Derrick and co-authors, and 5417859 “Wavy sieve for mechanical vibrating screen and method of its manufacture”, issued on May 23, 1995 in the name of Bakula. Some vibratory sieve separators have also been developed, equipped with a number of tiers to provide directional movement of the flowable material in the form of a parallel or sequential flow along these tiers - see US Patent No. 6,530,482 “Dual Shale Shaker” issued on March 11, 2003 in the name of Mike Wiseman .

During most sifting processes and, in particular, in the case where the unseeded material is fed to one or more vibratory sieve separators using a gravity flow (“gravity flow”), the space available to the designer limits the possibilities for increasing the screening surface by increasing the size of the separator or the number of vibrating sieve separators. Thus, the objective of the invention is to provide the possibility of increasing the screening surface without the need to increase the area at the base of the vibrating sieve separator or the assembly space actually occupied by it.

Another object of the invention is to provide the possibility of parallel or sequential flow over a number of tiers with an indication at the lowest tier of failure of the screening element of the upper tier or other conditions that can lead to the release of oversized particles together with the sifted material.

Another object of the invention is to increase the safety of the operator.

The next task of the invention is the provision of localization and removal of smoke, as well as removal of entrained gases from the sifted fluid material.

The next task is to improve the regeneration of the liquid part and the release of over-dry, drier solids.

Finally, an additional object of the invention is the use of such screening elements, which could easily be reused in cases where these elements can be made mainly of stainless steel and non-metal based adhesives.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention is directed to the creation of a screening unit for vibration separators having one or more screening surfaces, formed by individually replaceable tubular screening elements or individually replaced screening elements, formed as a single channel to provide directional circulation of the flow. The area of the screening surface is formed by installing these individually replaceable screening elements next to one another in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the screening elements is located on a common plane or on a common radius. When more than one group of screening elements placed one next to the other is required to obtain the required screening area, the preferred option for carrying out additional groups of screening elements placed one next to the other is a vertical foot in the form of a multi-tiered vibratory separator. The second variant of the implementation of additional groups placed one next to another of the screening elements consists in placing these groups essentially in the same plane as the first such group, i.e. in the form of a single-tier multi-sieve vibration panel separator. The third embodiment of the implementation of additional groups of screening elements is to place

- 1,011,527 of these additional groups in the form of coaxial circles, as will be explained below.

The sifting elements comprise one or several layers of the sifting medium, formed in the form of a pipe or a single channel to ensure the directional circulation of the flow. In the case of using several layers of a screening medium, these layers can be joined together by seam welding, lamination or in some other way. In accordance with one of the preferred options, the finest screening medium (i.e. the medium with the smallest cell size) is placed in the area of the inner diameter, while the remaining layers are gradually becoming more coarse as they move outwards. Due to the summation of the surface areas of these screening elements, the area of the screening surface increases when compared with the area of screening per unit area of the installation space for other known screening units.

In accordance with the first feature of the present invention, the size of the sieve cells for the deepest layer of the screening medium is determined by the desired characteristics of the screening process. Subsequent (going radially outward) layers of the screening medium are, as a rule, more coarsely dispersed, with a larger cell size, providing support, elasticity and rigidity for the screening element having the shape of a pipe or channel.

In accordance with the second feature of the invention, the screening elements of the vibrating separator are arranged in the form of two or more vertically mounted stops and have a message on the circulation of the flowable material with the feeding manifold (branched pipeline, "comb"). This manifold provides undisturbed material in the form of a parallel flow on one or more tiers containing installed next to one another group of screening elements in the form of pipes or channels. Each tier is separated from the lower tiers by means of a diversion tray, which directs the sifted material into the lower tray or settler, without passing through more than one sifting element, unless it is specifically sent back to the lowest tier for quality assurance purposes. The material held inside the screening elements will be transported along the inner surface of the screening element in the form of a pipe or channel using an oscillating motion and unloaded at the end of the vibrating separator.

In accordance with the third characteristic of the invention, the screening elements of the vibrating separator are arranged in the form of two or more vertically mounted feet and have a message on the circulation of the flowable material with the feeding manifold, which ensures the supply of undrawn material as a sequential flow to separate tiers. This greatly increases the effective length in the direction of flow of the screening area, resulting in a significant increase in screening efficiency and the possibility to use screening elements with a smaller cell size on the lower tiers without danger of damage or overload due to the ability to screen larger solid bodies on the upper tiers.

In accordance with the fourth feature of the invention, due to the use of a number of tiers of screening elements, it is possible to direct all or part of the sifted material passing along the upper tier (upper tiers) to the lowest tier, where the sizes of the cells of the sifting elements are somewhat larger than those of the upper sifting elements, due to which any solid bodies rejected at the lowest tier will serve as an indication of the failure of the screening elements of the upper tier or any other cases of bypassing the undigested material around the vertex xhnyh sifting elements.

In accordance with another feature of the invention, the screening elements and the supply manifold assembly are attached to the casing, thereby forming a mechanism for transporting oversized particles along the inner surface of the screening elements and facilitating the passage of the remaining liquid particles and particles of insufficient size through the screening medium.

In accordance with the following feature of the invention, the vibrating housing together with the vibration actuator may be tilted up or down depending on the process conditions.

There is an increase in operator safety, since individually replaced screening elements are smaller, lighter and easier to install or replace than interchangeable screening elements used in vibration separators known from the prior art.

Through the use of vacuum or pressure drop to pull air or other gases through the screening elements in the same direction in which the liquid part normally circulates, it is possible to regenerate the liquid part and release more excessively dry solid bodies.

A much larger sifting area per unit area of the installation space and obtaining the best performance characteristics of a multi-tiered vibration separator are also provided. This significant increase in screening area per unit area of installation space is achieved by using screening elements of a non-planar form in order to increase the area of the screening surface in contact with the flowable material, which leads to improved separator performance. Due to the improved sifting capacity, space savings are achieved,

- 2,011,527 costs and improved performance compared with the known vibratory separators.

The degree of dryness of solids that are oversized or rejected for another reason is increased by the fact that these rejected particles are imparted with a tipping movement as a result of the effect of transporting vibration forces on the screening element in the form of a pipe or channel.

Description of the drawings

The nature and objectives of the present invention will become clearer during consideration of the attached drawings, in which identical components are denoted by the same digital positions:

FIG. 1 is a side view with a local section illustrating a parallel feed into three tiers in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a view of the discharge end of the device of FIG. one;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, illustrating the withdrawal of sifted material into a sump in the case of parallel supply to a number of tiers;

FIG. 4 is a side view with a local section according to one of the alternative embodiments of the invention, illustrating the sequential feeding into three tiers with installation of sifting elements on the lower tiers with gradually decreasing cell size;

FIG. 5 is a side view with a local section illustrating the flow into three tiers with such selection and installation on the lowest tier of screening elements with a large cell size, which provide an indication of the fact that a material with an excess cell size or undrawn material is not rejected by the screening elements upper tiers;

FIG. 6 is a side view with a local section illustrating the change in the angular position of the tier;

FIG. 7 is a side view with a local section illustrating a method for parallel feeding of whole material to two or more tiers;

FIG. 8A is a side view, and FIG. 8B is an end view of a tubular screening element formed by a number of layers of a screening medium with a smooth (non-crimped) screening surface;

FIG. 9A is a side view, and FIG. 9B is an end view of a tubular screening element formed by a number of layers of a screening medium with a corrugated screening surface;

FIG. 10A is a side view, and FIG. 10B is an end view of a tubular screening element formed by a number of layers of a screening medium with emission restriction to increase the amount of unsealed material held in the screening element in order to increase the pressure drop across the screen and the area of the screening surface in contact with the unsealed material;

FIG. 11A is a side view with a local section, and FIG. 11B is an end view of the screening element in which the zone of the internal diameter of the pipe is impregnated with plastic in order to ensure the forced circulation of the unseeded material along a non-linear trajectory, which makes it possible to increase the degree of dryness of solid bodies

FIG. 12 is a side view of a screen installed in a vibrating bucket, illustrating a conical inlet nozzle and a conical tubular retainer at the discharge end. The tube is pressed with bayonet clamps to the bucket to facilitate installation or removal of the tubular element;

FIG. 13 is a side view with a local section of a tubular screening device with a rotating casing, illustrating the parallel flow;

FIG. 14 is a view from the discharge end of the tubular screening apparatus of FIG. 13 with rotating casing;

FIG. 15 is a side view with a local section of a tubular separator with a rotating casing, illustrating the sequential flow;

FIG. 16 is an isometric image illustrating one interchangeable screening element with a preformed cross section geometry, which is mounted above a porous channel made with a similar cross section geometry, which provides a pairing and retention of the screening element within the shape of a porous channel;

FIG. 17 is a side view with a local section of a vibration separator in which channel-shaped screening elements having a semicircular cross section are used;

FIG. 18 is an end view of the device of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a side view with a partial local section of a single-level shaker in which channel-shaped screening elements are used, with one group of screening elements placed one next to the other at the loading end, and another group of such elements at the discharge end;

FIG. 20 is a view from the discharge end of the device of FIG. 19, where the supply tank is removed for clarity;

- 3 011527 FIG. 21 is an isometric image illustrating one interchangeable screening element that is exactly (without preforming) mounted over a porous channel made with such a cross-sectional geometry and a length so that the screening element is mated and retained within the shape of a porous channel;

FIG. 22 illustrates one of the alternative ways of holding the screening elements in the form of a channel within the porous channels;

FIG. 23A-23C illustrate a method for preforming screen elements;

FIG. 24A is a top view of an unshaped non-crimped screening element, which is illustrated here in part along the cut line;

FIG. 24B is a cross-sectional view along lines 8-8 of FIG. 24A;

FIG. 24C-24C illustrate various embodiments of the impregnation patterns for the element of FIG. 24A;

FIG. 25A is a top view of an unshaped non-crimped screening element, which is illustrated here in part along the cut line;

FIG. 25B is a cross-sectional view along lines 9-9 in FIG. 25A;

FIG. 26 illustrates a method for holding screening elements in a porous channel;

FIG. 27 illustrates another method of holding screening elements in a porous channel.

Description of the preferred option implementation

FIG. 1 shows a vibrating sieve separator 1, also referred to in the technique as a tubular shaker, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This separator has a frame, which also serves as a settling tank 10, on which is mounted a casing 12 with an elastic fastening on the springs 14 (FIG. 2), which act as shock absorbers. The casing 12 is a vertical multi-tier structure. The screening surface of each tier is formed by a group of tubular screening elements 24 placed one next to the other, while the undrawn material 100 enters into these tubular screening elements. Elastic installation of the casing 12 is provided by the springs 14 (Fig. 2). The casing 12 is driven by a vibrodrive of a type of a pair of motor generators 16 connected to the casing 12 in a manner conventional to the art. On the frame 10 mounted supply tank 18, which has a message on the circulation of fluid material with a fixed drain threshold 20, providing the distribution of the supplied material. This material flows from the supply tank 18 to the fixed fixed threshold 20. This threshold 20 has a supply nozzle 21, which discharges flowable material into the supply manifold (collector) 23 with a number of bins, which will be discussed in more detail below. Each of the hoppers 15, 17, 19 is provided with a series of feed nozzles 22, 33, 37, each of which nozzles has a message for circulating the flowable material with the screening element 24. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the screening element 24 has a tubular shape. The screening elements 24 are arranged essentially horizontally in the form of one or more tiers 31, 35 and 39, one end of each of which is connected to a corresponding feed nozzle 22, 33, 37. The discharge ends 56 of the screening elements 24 are held by tubular supports 60 at the discharge end 25 housing 12.

As seen in FIG. 12, the feed nozzles 22 are tapered so that they fit inside the elements 24, while providing a liquid-tight seal. The discharge end 56 of the screening element 24 is fixed and supported with conical clamps 62 attached to the support 60 for the screening element. This discharge end 56 enters the retainer 62, thereby providing an unrestricted ejection of oversized solid bodies (not shown in Fig. 12). The nozzles 22, 33, 37 (Fig. 1) and the clamps 62 provided at the discharge end are made of an elastic material, which makes it possible to prevent leakage around the screening elements 24. For each tier 31, 35, 39 (Fig. 1) the screening elements 24 are provided for one independent support 60, due to which it is possible to independently replace the sifting elements 24 on each tier 31, 35, 39 (Fig. 1). The tubular clamps 62 provided at the discharge end can be adjusted in the support 60 in such a way as to achieve such force on the elements 24, which is necessary for a secure hold. The diameter of the screening elements 24 can vary from 25.4 mm (1 inch) to 152.5 mm (6 inches), preferably from 50.8 mm (2 inches) to 76.2 mm (3 inches). The number of sifter elements 24 that can be installed one next to another can reach 24, and in some special cases even 50, when one-inch screening elements are used, or there can be only 3, when six-inch elements are used.

FIG. 3 illustrates a parallel flow of flowable material in three tiers. Under each of the tiers 31, 35, 39 (Fig. 2) of the sifting elements 24 there is a bypass tray 26 that provides directional movement of the sifted material 29 passing through each sifting element 24 to the charging end 11 of the casing 12. Further, the sifted material 29 flows by gravity through downpipes 40 to sump 41. For a construction according to the preferred embodiment, these downpipes are not required. One can do without them, since the sifted material 29 will circulate between the feeding nozzles 22, 33, 37 and further in any case flow by gravity from

- 4 011527 stalnik 41. Pipes are shown here only to more clearly illustrate the parallel flow. Excessive sized solid bodies 13 emerging from the screening elements 24 are guided along discharge points 28, 30 and 32 provided for the screening elements of 24 different levels to the waste container not shown here.

The screening elements 24 are formed by one or more layers of the screening medium, which is shaped into a pipe with an open end, having a smooth (FIG. 8B) or corrugated (FIG. 9B) screening surface. The geometry of the screening element 24 with a circular cross section (FIG. 8B) is preferred, although other geometric shapes can also be used: elliptical, rectangular, or any other, as long as it keeps the flow of flowable material. The screening medium 50 with the smallest cell size (FIG. 8A) is placed in the area of the inner diameter, and the subsequent layers 51, 52 of the screening medium are gradually becoming more coarse as they move toward the area of the outer diameter. In such screening elements 24, any combination of screening media can be used. The necessary stiffness and elasticity are provided, as a rule, by the outer layer 52 of the screening element 24 having the largest cells.

Alternatively, the stiffness or resilience of the screening element 24 can be enhanced by corrugating the screening medium (FIG. 9A) or using a porous metal pipe as the outermost layer 52. Additional resilience or stiffness of the screening elements 24 may be required so that they can withstand loads from loading solid and liquid materials or from vibrations created in certain production conditions by engine-generators 16. As the screening medium deteriorates or breaks under this process, if necessary, separately carry out the replacement of the screening elements 24. The screening element 24 may be further provided with layers of plastic impregnation or convex devices 63 for directing the flow, placed in the zone of the inner diameter of the tubular screening element 24 (FIGS. 11A and 11B) to increase the separation efficiency or facilitate the transportation of solid bodies.

In accordance with another preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the discharge trays 26 and the manifold 23 with the feed bins can be designed in such a way that they create a consistent flow, in which case all the undrawn material 100 enters the uppermost bunker 17, from which the flowable material is first sent to the screening elements 24 located on the upper tier 31. Next, the sifted material 29, passing through the upper tier 31 of the screening elements 24, is sent by a discharge tray 26 successively to the middle bunker 19, from which the material is fed to the nozzles 33, which are on average tusk 35 of sifting elements 24. The sifted material 29, passing through the middle tier 35 of the sifting elements 24, is sent to the lowest bunker 15, from which the material is fed to the nozzles 37 located on the lowest tier 39 of the sifting elements 24. Thanks to the sequential flow of flowing material use screening elements 24 with a smaller cell size on the lower tiers without danger of damage or overload due to the ability to screen larger solids on the upper tiers with a significant achievement higher screening efficiency. Although FIG. 4 shows only three tiers, you can use a larger number of tiers, which will receive a sequential flow of flowable material.

In accordance with the third preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the lowest tier 39 is used to control the quality of the sifted material 29 entering the zone behind the vibratory separator. The sifting elements 24 selected for placement on the lowest tier 39 should preferably have larger cells than the sifting elements 24 located on the upper tiers 31, 35, which is not done for sifting purposes, but for quality control purposes. This is achieved by the following measures:

(a) feeding undisturbed material 100 to the upper tiers in the form of a parallel flow and installing screening elements 24 with identical cell sizes on the upper tiers 31, 35 or (b) feeding the undisturbed material to the upper tiers in the form of a sequential flow with installation of sifting elements 24 seconds gradually decreasing cell size on tiers 31, 35 above the lowest tier 39.

(Although only three tiers are shown here, more tiers can be used). In both mentioned cases (a) and (b), all sifted material 29 or some part of it is then sent from the upper tiers 31, 35 to the lowest tier 39, on which sifting elements 24 with a larger cell size are placed than the sifting elements located on the upper tiers 31, 35. Ejection of solid bodies 13 from the lowest tier 39 occurs only in case of failure of the upper sifting elements or when, for some other reason, from the upper tiers 31, 35, the undisclosed material enters from the upper tiers 31, 35 100. Hard e body 13 coming from the screening elements 24 are installed on the lower tier 39 may be discharged, for example, a screw conveyor 43 or other similar device for separating and collecting solids 13 oversized, whereby by using a special

- 5 011527 equipment or by means of visual inspection it is possible to obtain an indication of the fact that unnecessary solid bodies of 13 large sizes enter the area behind the upper tiers 31, 35 together with the sifted material 29.

As demonstrated in FIG. 6, it is also important to provide the possibility of adjusting the angle of installation of the casing 12 with the screening elements 24 relative to the position corresponding to 0 ° to the horizon. To achieve the desired degree of dryness of solids, a maximum angle of lift of 5 ° should suffice. In addition, it is desirable to provide a small lowering angle equal to minus 3 °, which will increase the efficiency of transporting solids 13 held inside the screening elements 24 towards the discharge end 25 of the casing 12.

As seen in FIG. 7, by using a manifold 23 with a number of feed bins, circulation of the unseeded material 100 along a “short-circuited” trajectory or its preferred circulation through a group of screening elements 24 located on the lowest tier 39 when the flowable material is fed to tiers 31, 35, 39 in the form of parallel flow. Drain thresholds 34, 36 are provided, due to which the flow of unsized material 100 entering the manifold with a number of feed bins fills the uppermost bunker 17 first, then the middle bunker 19 and finally the lowest bunker 15. Through the outlet 21 of the trigger threshold 20 the undrawn material 100 is first sent to the bunker 17, from where it is fed to the screening elements 24 placed on the first tier 31. With a sufficiently large volume flow, the undrawn material 100 will be poured over the uppermost discharge threshold 3 4, so that it enters the second bunker 17 of the manifold 23 and further into the screening elements 24 installed on the second tier 35. If the volumetric flow is large enough, the undrawn material 100 will be poured through the average dump threshold 36 so that it will go to the lowest the bunker 15 of the manifold 23, from where it will fall into the screening elements 24, located on the third tier 39. With extremely high costs of undistinct material 100, the manifold 23 with the feed bins can create an overflow of the waste threshold 38, as a result of which the current will flow along the elements 24 located on the upper tier, which will lead to a visual indication or alarm signaling of the equipment indicating the occurrence of the overflow mode. (Despite the fact that only three tiers are shown here, it is possible to use a larger number of tiers, which will receive a parallel flow of flowable material).

Other methods can be developed to control the flow of unsannounced material 100 entering various tiers. For example, they may provide (although this is not the only possible solution) restricting the flow of unsannounced material 100 through the supply nozzles 22, 33 and 37 by resizing the openings of these nozzles using flow control valves, pulsating flow control valves and other similar devices.

As shown in FIG. 10A and 10B, it is possible to use other methods to increase the separation efficiency provided by the sifting elements 24. By limiting the size of the output diameter 48 (FIG. 10B) of the sifting element 24, it is possible to increase the amount of undrawn material (not shown) held in this element. Due to this increase in volume, the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the undrawn material (not shown) on the area of the internal diameter of the screening elements 24 increases, as a result of which a flow of the screened material (not shown) is forced through the screening elements 24 with greater speed. A restricting nozzle 55 (FIG. 10A) can be provided, which is inserted by pouring or gluing the tubular screening element 24 into the area of the internal diameter of the discharge end 56 of the discharge end 56. The inner diameter of the inlet side 58 of the restricting nozzle 55 is formed with the help of a truncated cone section 59 the possibility of transporting solid bodies of excess size (not shown) outside the screening element 24.

FIG. 13 shows a fourth embodiment in accordance with which the cylindrical casing 12 is rotatable. Unstitched material is sent as a parallel flow through one or more concentric round grids 71, 75, 79 (Fig. 14) from tubular screening elements 24. According to the preferred solution, the cover 92 must simultaneously vibrate under the action of the vibromodule 16 during rotation, although in some technological processes separation does not require vibration.

The sifting elements 24 are arranged in the form of concentric circular grids 71, 75, 79 (FIG. 14), the diameter of which increases in the direction from the center line of the cylindrical casing 92, and not in the form of horizontal tiers, as was the case in the previously considered embodiments. The casing 92 is supported by roller elements 76 (FIG. 14), due to which it has the ability to rotate at speeds less than critical so that the undrawn material 100 can remain in the lower part of the feed bins 95, 97 and 99. There is a fixed (non-rotating and non-vibrating ) feed pipe 70, which feeds undisturbed material 100 into manifold 73 with feed bins, from where this material enters first into the innermost feed bin 95, which has a message on the circulation of flowable material with screening elements 24 kr yney inner circular

- 6 011527 lattices 71. The circulation of the undistinct material 100 along the “short-circuited” trajectory or its preferred circulation through the screening elements 24 having a message on the circulation of the flowable material with the middle feed bin 97 or the outermost bunker 99 is prevented by selecting the appropriate design of the 73 manifold next to feeding bins. This manifold is designed so that the undiluted material 100 is sequentially poured in a “cascade” (stepwise) manner from the innermost feed hopper 95 into the middle bunker 97 and further into the outermost bunker 99, which is required to control the increasing feed rate of the undiluted material 100. This undrawn material passes through the fixed feed pipe 70 and enters first into the innermost feed hopper 95. The screening elements 24 of the innermost lattice 71 have a message on the circulation of flowing matter with the innermost feed hopper 95 and provide screening of the incoming material 100 until the increase in the feed rate reaches the “pour point” when the undrawn material 100 begins to pour from the innermost threshold 94 into the hopper 97. The screening elements 24 of the middle lattice 75 have message on the circulation of fluid material with an average hopper 97 and provide a screening of material 100 entering the middle hopper 97 until further increases in the feed rate reach the “pour point when undisturbed material 100 begins to fall from the middle threshold 96 into the hopper 99. If there is an extremely intensive flow, the manifold 23 with the feed bins can create an overflow of the waste threshold 98, as a result of which the undrawn material 100 passes through the innermost grid of the sifting elements 24 and pours through the unloading end 93 of the casing 92, which will lead to an indication with the help of special equipment or a visual inspection of the fact that there is an “overflow mode” and a loss of the whole net occurs material 100 along with solids 13 are oversized. The discharge trays 77, 78 direct the sifted material 29 to the loading end 91 of the casing 92, where this material circulates by gravity between the nozzles, respectively, 22, 23, and accumulates over the internal diameter 89 of the casing 92. (Although the concentric grids are shown, use additional gratings to which the material will flow as a parallel stream). A fixed branch pipe 72 is provided for removing the sifted material 29 from the inner diameter zone 89 of the casing 92 as it accumulates at the loading end 91. To drain the sifted material 29 through the branch pipe 72, a special pump (not shown) is required, which should be able to lift the material to the desired suction height. This pump creates a low vacuum, which contributes to the localization of smoke and increased separation efficiency.

In accordance with another variant, the sifted material can flow out of the casing by nozzles (not shown) penetrating the wall of the casing 92 at the loading end 91, so that this material can flow into the sump 41 (Fig. 15). The rotation of the casing 92 is carried out through a belt 80 or a chain transmission attached to an external drive motor 90.

Alternatively, the case may be rotated by means of a driving motor (not shown) attached to one or more rotating elements 76 (FIG. 14), which support and center the case 92.

In accordance with another option, the casing 12 can not be rotated, but brought in an oscillating movement back and forth at an angle close to 360 ° using the engine 90 attached to the casing 12, which will allow the same sieving operation to be carried out. In both cases, both during rotation and oscillatory motion, vibration is only preferable, but not necessary.

According to the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the unseeded material 100 is guided in a series flow through one or more circular gratings 71, 75, 79 of tubular screening elements 24.

Such a sequential flow is obtained by isolating the average feed bin 97 and the outermost bunker 99 from the fixed feed tube 70, which provides input for the unstressed material 100 to the outermost feed bin 95, having a message on the circulation of flowable material with screening elements 24, mounted on the innermost grid 71 If there is a sequential flow, all undigested material 100 will be sent first through the screening elements 24 having a message on the circulation of flowable material. with the innermost feed hopper 95. The sifted material 29, which passes through the screening elements 24, having a message on the circulation of flowable material with the innermost feed bin 95, is sent by the discharge tray 77 to the feed bin 97. The latter has a message on the circulation of the flowable material with the screening elements 24, mounted on an average circular lattice 75. Sifted material 29, passing through the sifting elements 24, having a message on the circulation of fluid material with an average feed bin 97, is then guided by the bypass tray 78 to the feed bin 99, which has a message on the circulation of fluid material with screening elements 24 located on the outermost circular grating 79. After that, the sifted material 29 passed through the screening elements 24 having a message on the circulation of the fluid material with a feed hopper 99, exits the casing through the above

- 7 011527 fixed outlet pipe 72 or, in accordance with a less preferred option, through nozzles (not shown), penetrating the wall of the casing 92, so that the sifted material 29 can enter the sump 41.

When using a sequential flow design, where the outermost lattice 71 (Fig. 14) of the screening elements 24 has larger cell sizes than the middle lattice 75 (Fig. 14) of the screening elements 24, and the outermost lattice 79 (Fig. 14 ) from the screening elements 24 provides for the sequential removal of solids based on the particle size in order to prevent large solids from damaging the screening elements 24 with a smaller cell size mounted on the middle grating 75 and the outermost grating 79, reaching Increase the service life of such screening elements 24 with a smaller cell size and increase the efficiency of the separation process. A design with such a consistent flow, in which all round grids of tubular screening elements 24 have an equally large particle size, although not considered preferable, allows an increase in the percentage of rejection of over-sized solid bodies (not shown) due to additional screening (“with stock”) . As mentioned above, both with a sequential and parallel flow at the lowest tier 79 (Fig. 14), sifting elements 24 can be placed, chosen so that their cell size is larger than that of elements installed on the internal gratings 71, 75. The entire flow of the screened material 29 passing through the internal grids 71, 75, or some part of it, can be directed to the outer outer grid 79, which will make it possible to control the quality of the separation process, as described above. In the framework of this embodiment, one or more separate tiers may be used, preferably from one to four.

It is also important that it is possible to adjust the installation angle of the housing 92 with the screening elements 24 relative to the horizontal position corresponding to 0 °, which is shown in FIG. 13. To achieve the desired degree of dryness of solids, a maximum angle of lift of 5 ° should suffice (Fig. 13). In addition, in some cases, you may need a small lowering angle (Fig. 13), equal to minus 3 °, which will increase the efficiency of transportation of solid bodies with excessive dimensions inside the screening elements 24 towards the discharge end 93 of the casing 92.

In accordance with the sixth embodiment, the tubular screening elements 24 may be replaced by channel-shaped screening elements 240 (FIG. 16). As shown in FIG. 16, the creation of the screening surface takes place when the bending and resilient screening element 240, formed by one or more layers of the screening medium, which are combined into a separate unit, is inserted into the rigid porous channel 250. In FIG. 16, the screening member 240 is shown, for greater simplicity, as preformed to obtain the shape of a porous channel 250 and placed 235 above this channel 250 in a position ready to be installed in the channel. However, it is also possible to use flat, non-preformed screening elements 240 (Fig. 21). In the case of pre-molding, the screening element 240 (FIG. 16) should be made with a preformed radius equal to or greater than the radius of the porous channel 250, which will allow the elasticity of the screening element 240 to be used for its tight fit in the channel 250. The porous channel 250 preferably has a semicircular however, other forms of cross-section geometry are possible, such as, for example, Y-shaped, semicircular, semi-elliptic, chain, hyperbolic or any other, which would provide movement in the flow channel of the flowable material. The preferred size of the channel radius is from 25.4 to 7.62 mm, but it is possible to use other sizes, depending on the requirements of the process.

FIG. 16 shows the preferred semicircular shape of porous channel 250. Each porous channel 250 has short folds 230, directed inward from both sides. The screening element 240 is made so that its curved perimeter 242 fits tightly to the curvilinear perimeter 252 under the short inward bends 230 of the porous channel 250. The screening element 240 is inserted with force into the porous channel 250, placing one of its longitudinal edges 244 under the short directional inward fold 230 on one of the sides of the porous channel 250. After that, the rest of the sieving element 240 is pressed into the channel 250 and its opposite longitudinal edge 244 is fixed under the opposite short cue directed inward fold 230.

A configuration of the screening element 240 is then obtained, corresponding to the shape of the porous channel 250, so that it will be supported by this porous channel due to:

(a) the elasticity of the screening element 240;

(b) loading liquids and solids from undigested material (not shown);

(c) using a pressure drop (not shown) to stimulate the circulation of a liquid or gas through a layer or layers of a screening element 240 in such a direction that the material being screened passes under normal conditions exactly through this screening element;

- 8 011527 (g) compressive forces generated as a result of the formation of a screening medium in the form of a curvilinear perimeter 252 of a porous channel 250.

When using wire mesh as a screening medium, wire not shown here, which runs parallel to the curvilinear perimeter 242 of the screening element 240, is compressed to force their profile to fit the shape of the curvilinear perimeter 252 of the porous channel 250 under the inward bends 230. Displacement of the screening curtains is prevented elements as a result of vibration outside the porous channel 250 by bringing the retaining tab 200, which is present on the sieving element 240, in interaction with the 220, made in porous channel 250.

FIG. 22 shows another mechanism for holding the screening element, where there is a rigid foot 81, which non-removably adjoins the discharge end of each porous channel 250, which is done to prevent the screening element (not shown) from leaving the porous channel 250 due to vibration. The retaining tab 81 is located directly below the short inward bend 230 of the porous channel, which helps prevent an interfering effect on the emission of rejected solids (not shown). The clamp 160 is quite small in order not to interfere with the insertion of the end of the screening element 240 (not shown) into the porous channel 250.

Additional retention of the screening member 240 is accomplished by laminating or gluing the retaining tabs 200 to the longitudinal edges 244 of the screening member 240. The retaining tabs 200 enter one or more slots 220 that are cut or molded into short inward bends 230 of the rigid porous channel 250.

FIG. 17 shows one of the alternative embodiments, according to which, in a multi-layered separator, instead of tubular sifting elements 24 (FIG. 1), sifting elements 240 are used, shaped like channels, with parallel flow through three tiers 31, 35 and 39.

FIG. 18 is a view from the discharge end of the multi-stage separator of FIG. 17, where channel-shaped screening elements 240 are used. Thanks to the introduction of screening elements of this form, it is possible to reduce the vertical intervals 260 (Fig. 18) between tiers 31, 35 and 39, which allows to reduce the overall height of the vibratory separator or introduce additional tiers in order to increase the separation capacity. The horizontal intervals 270 (Fig. 18) between the elements placed next to each other should be minimized in order to obtain the maximum area of the screening surface. Although FIG. 17 and 18, only three tiers are shown; more tiers can be used. For this embodiment, the configurations are applicable both with parallel feeding (Fig. 1) and with sequential feeding (Fig. 4), which were discussed above in relation to tubular screening elements. Similarly, at the lowest tier 39 (FIG. 18), sifting elements 240 (FIG. 17) can be installed, selected so that their cell size is larger than that of the sifting elements placed on the upper tiers 31, 35. The entire flow of the screened material 29 coming from the upper tiers 31, 35, or some part of it, can be directed to the lower tier 39 in order to control the quality of the separation process, as described above. In the framework of this option, you can use one or more separate tiers, preferably from one to four.

FIG. 19 shows another alternative embodiment, in accordance with which a number of groups of channel-shaped screening elements 240 placed on one single layer are placed in the vibratory separator. As can be seen in the drawing, two groups of channel-shaped screening elements 240 placed next to one another are placed in the same plane, so that the unloading end 25 of one group of screening elements placed one next to the other adjoins the loading end 11 of the next group of one placed next with another screening elements 240, resulting in a longer screening layer and a larger area of screening. Thanks to this configuration, it is possible to obtain a much larger area of the screening surface, which leads to an increase in the productivity of the process. A single tier can be lengthened by interlocking several, up to five or more (only two are shown in Fig. 19), multi-element gratings of screening elements 240 in the form of channels, which will increase the efficiency of sifting and obtain even higher productivity.

FIG. 20 shows the discharge end of the single-stage vibration sorting described above. The channel-shaped screening elements 240 are easily inserted into the porous channels 250 (FIG. 16) from above, thereby making it easier to replace these screening elements on a single tier without the need to provide unallocated space at the discharge end to remove or insert the screening elements 240.

As shown in FIG. 23A-23C, it may be necessary to pre-form the screening elements on the press 180 prior to obtaining the configuration in the form of channels, which will prevent the deformation of some screening media at the time of the introduction of the screening elements 24 into the channels 250.

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The cross section of the covered part of the press 180 should have the same shape, but a slightly larger diameter or width than that of the porous channel, for which screening elements are made with the help of this press. As for the encompassing part 185 of the press, it is used to form a screening medium with the desired geometry in order to obtain the elastic properties of the screening elements, which must acquire the desired shape when they are introduced into the porous channel 250. The screening elements 24 can be formed on the basis of single-layer or multilayer sifting mediums. In the manufacture of layered screening elements, the thinnest screening medium, i.e. middle layer 86, and then the next layers of screening medium with a larger size go outwards. A layer 85 of plastic or glue can also be provided between the finer and more coarse screen media. In addition, in the process of forming a screening medium in a press, it is possible to conduct operations of coating or impregnating the edges of the screening elements.

As seen in FIG. 24A, 24B and 25A, 25B, unshaped screening elements can also be used. FIG. 24A shows a non-corrugated screening element consisting of one or more layers of a screening medium. FIG. 24C-24O are detailed illustrations of the configurations of plastic 85, introduced by the impregnation method.

FIG. 25 shows a corrugated screening element consisting of one or more layers of a screening medium. In both drawings, for simplicity, only two layers are shown. The thinnest screening medium, i.e. middle layer 86 will take the place of the innermost layer, as a result of which the unseeded material will first pass through this very fine dispersed medium. The outer layer 83 will be a more coarse screening medium, contributing to an increase in the strength and rigidity of the screening element 24. The longitudinal edge 101 of the screening element 24 is not a transporting or screening surface and therefore it can be embedded by bending the screening medium, laying an additional metal edge from a corrugated sheet or impregnating rubber, plastic or epoxy polymer. As for the i-shaped, or short, edge 120, it may be necessary that it does not interfere with the flow of particles of excessive size or working fluid, so it can be embedded by bending or impregnation with plastic or epoxy polymer. Such a seal will allow you to get a tight seal that prevents the accumulation of solids between the layers of wire mesh.

FIG. 26 shows a holding clip 160, which is permanently glued to each porous channel 250 at the exit portion of this channel in order to prevent the screening element (not shown in FIG. 26) from leaving the channel 250 due to vibration. This clamp 160 is placed directly below the flange 130 on the porous channel 250, thereby preventing interference with solid transportation that occurs on the lower surface of the channel 250. Clamp 160 is small enough to not interfere with the insertion of the ends of the screening elements 240 porous channel 250. FIG. 26 also shows the loading end 140, where the use of the clamp 160 is not required.

FIG. 27 shows an alternative design of the screening element, according to which tapes 200 are attached to the screening medium in the preformed screening elements 24. These tapes are placed on the screening element so that they fit into the cutouts 220 made in the edges 130 of the porous channels 250. Tapes 200 have a dual purpose: first, they hold the screening element 24 inside the channel 250 and, secondly, facilitate the extraction of this screening element.

So, the above improved screening system was described, which allows to increase the available screening surface. Although it was about some specific examples and applications of the invention, it is understandable to those skilled in the art that it is possible to make a variety of changes in the design, provided that the above idea of the invention is preserved.

Claims (5)

CLAIM 1. Sieve separator, equipped with a drive containing a frame; drive housing; screening unit; moreover, the casing and screening unit installed on the frame; feed tank mounted on the frame; manifold with feed bins attached to the specified casing; moreover, the supply tank has a message on the circulation of the flowable material with the specified manifold with the feed bins. 2. Sieve separator, equipped with a vibration actuator, containing - 10 011527 bed; vibrating casing driven by the drive; screening unit; the casing and the screening unit are installed with an elastic fastening on the said bed, in which the screening unit contains screening elements, the screening elements are arranged as tiers of elements and each of the tiers is made with an outlet, and each of these outlet openings is separately maintained in the area specified outlets, the screening elements being individually replaceable on the screening unit from the screening elements. 3. Sieve separator for separating solids, equipped with a vibration actuator, containing a frame; vibrating casing driven by the drive; screening unit; moreover, the casing and the screening unit are installed with an elastic fastening on the frame, in which the screening unit contains at least one screening element in the form of a single channel to provide directional circulation of the flow. 4. A screening unit for use with a vibration separator for the purpose of sifting material and transporting solid bodies containing a modified carriage, this carriage being mounted in a vibratory separator; a group of porous channels, and these channels are attached to each other and to the carriage and aligned parallel to the direction of transportation of solids; and a screening element mounted on at least one of said channels. 5. A modifier for use with a vibration separator for the purpose of sifting material and transporting solid bodies, containing a carriage mounted on a vibratory separator; and a group of porous channels, and these channels are attached to each other and to the carriage and aligned parallel to the direction of transportation of solids.