EA006660B1

EA006660B1 - Process for fabric production

Info

Publication number: EA006660B1
Application number: EA200401041A
Authority: EA
Inventors: Татьяна Викторовна Сазонова
Original assignee: Республиканское Унитарное Производственно-Торговое Предприятие "Оршанский Льнокомбинат"
Priority date: 2004-06-04
Filing date: 2004-06-04
Publication date: 2006-02-24
Also published as: EA200401041A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the weaving of a cellulose-based fabric, in particular to the weaving of a dyed pure linen fabric or linen fabric, supplemented by artificial or synthetic fibers, of short flax fiber, which can be used as an apparel fabric (for tailoring suits, cloths, etc.), including as a decorative fabric (for upholstering the walls, tailoring curtains, portieres, other decor elements of the living quarters and public places interiors, etc.).For the fabric weaving a factory linen fabric is produced from a dry spinning yarn of short flax fiber with the possible supplement of up to 10% of artificial or synthetic fibers, processing is carried out by rope bleaching and dyeing, at that the bleaching being carried out through hypochlorite processing with keeping in the device and the subsequent, at least, double flushing, caustic-peroxide treatment with boiling in the liquid device and the subsequent, at least, double flushing and souring with keeping in the device and the subsequent neutralization and flushing, dyeing is carried out by, at least, one dye chosen from solubilised vats and/or reactive dyes, hypochlorite processing and caustic-peroxide treatment being carried out in two stages with their alternation, and finishing being carried out through softening without preliminary drying after dyeing.

Description

The invention relates to the textile industry, namely the manufacture of fabric based on cellulose fiber, in particular to the manufacture of dyed or linen linen with the addition of artificial or synthetic fiber fabric from short flax fiber, which can be used as a fabric for sewing tablecloths, napkins, towels , table linen, curtains, curtains, etc., as a decorative fabric for upholstering walls and manufacturing (sewing) other decorative elements of residential and public interiors Places, etc., as well as clothing fabric.

Analysis of the range of linen fabrics shows that from flax fibers of various lengths and qualities produce fabrics that can be divided into classes: household, technical and packaging, as well as into groups within classes. In this case, short flax fiber, including waste from the processing of flax trusts, is traditionally used for the production of mainly packaging fabrics (sack and packaging).

For a long time harsh untreated plain woven tare fabric has been widely used for packaging products of various sectors of the national economy, for the production of upholstered furniture, as well as for household needs.

With the development of the tendency to use (up to complete replacement) for the production of packaging and technical fabrics of synthetic and artificial fibers, the possible use of this type of fabric obtained from natural flax raw material is significantly narrowed. On the one hand, this can significantly reduce the consumption of flax raw materials for the production of container and technical fabrics and free it for the production of household fabrics. However, on the other hand, given the fact that it is still not possible to significantly reduce the proportion of short fiber in total flax fiber production, new methods of processing low-grade flax raw materials are needed, which would make it possible to produce high-quality household fabrics from it. In the absence of such methods, the inevitable accumulation of unclaimed containerized fabrics or short flax fiber is unavoidable.

Traditionally, in one of the ways, for the manufacture of household, in particular decorative purposes, fabrics from flax fiber, if necessary, with the addition of fibers of other origin, get harsh fabric, which is subsequently prepared for processing, in particular washed, processed and subjected to finishing. In addition, each of the above fabrication fabrication stages can be carried out using various technological operations and in a wide range of values of the parameters of technological operations [1]. Moreover, for each group of fabrics, typical technological processes were developed for each of the operations, which have been used for a long time in the production of flax and flax-containing fabrics, if necessary, with some improvements [2].

Textile materials from vegetable fibers in general and flax in particular, due to the presence of natural satellites of cellulose and various substances applied to the fiber and yarn in the process of spinning and weaving (emulsifiers, dressings, etc.), are poorly wetted and, consequently, are not easily dyeing, and it is very difficult to obtain bright, even, saturated and durable stains on them. In addition, the original textile fibers are usually contaminated with impurities, which, if not carried out the appropriate processing at the stage of spinning and getting harsh fabric, must be removed from the harsh fabric before finishing operations.

Thus, it is mandatory to prepare harsh tissue, during which unwanted impurities are removed, as a rule, by special cleaning methods, in particular washing. In addition to washing in the preparation of harsh fabric, if necessary, carry out preliminary mechanical processing: removal of the ends of fibers and threads, elimination of weaving defects, etc.

To remove unwanted natural dyeing of natural fibers, bleaching operation is used. Raw flax contains, along with the natural coloring substances of pectins (which are destroyed by bleaching), a large amount of colored pollution. The latter must be completely removed, but using conventional bleaching, even with the use of large quantities of bleaching agents, it is impossible to achieve this goal, you have to use combined bleaching methods. For whitening, oxidizing agents are mainly used that destroy the natural color of flax fiber. However, even combined bleaching methods with the use of large quantities of different chemicals often still do not give satisfactory results. Therefore, for each specific type of fabric and bleaching objectives, specialists select a specific combination of bleaching operations, their number, sequence, concentrations of solutions used and other parameters.

To make the fabric marketable use dyeing operation. When dyed textile materials become fashionable and pleasant appearance. As a rule, improvement of consumer properties of these materials is not associated with dyeing. In this case, the dyeing method, the types of dyes used, the concentration, etc., dyeing modes are chosen by specialists, based on the characteristics of the fabric to be dyed, given colors and shades, the purpose of the finished fabric, etc. conditions.

Finally, the final operation of the technological process of making a fabric based on cellulose fiber, in particular linen fabric or linen fabric with the possible addition of synthetic or artificial fibers, is a finishing operation, during which the necessary physical properties are imparted to the finished fabric. Despite the many advantages of cellulose-based fabrics, in particular, linen fabrics, they also have significant drawbacks: they are relatively quickly destroyed

-1006660 are sewn under the action of atmospheric conditions during operation, they easily crumple, especially when wet, they tend to shrink during washing, etc. All or some of these shortcomings are eliminated when performing a fabric finishing operation by applying appropriate preparations to the fabric, the choice of which is determined by the method of finishing.

Taking into account briefly the technological process described above for fabric manufacturing, the most common for linen fabrics is the method of their production, in which severe linen fabric is subjected to preliminary preparation, in particular washing, processing, including bleaching and dyeing, and finishing. In this case, bleaching is carried out, in particular, by alkaline-hypochlorite-peroxide method, and dyeing is suitable for dyeing purposes and the type of fabric dye and according to the appropriate technology [3, 4].

Within the framework of the described technologies for manufacturing fabrics from flax raw materials, various improvements have been proposed to the bleaching operations [5, 6] and dyeing [7] of harsh linen fabrics. The described methods for performing technological operations of bleaching and dyeing, both classical, described in reference books, and improved, protected by patents, are intended for processing of harsh fabrics based on cellulose fiber of sufficiently high quality with obtaining household fabrics of sufficiently high quality. At the same time, the yarn from which the gray fabric is made is also subjected to processing according to the appropriate technologies. Thus, all these methods do not solve the problem of efficient processing of short flax fiber.

Closest to the claimed method of making fabric is one of the above-mentioned traditional methods described in the "Handbook of chemical technology of flax processing" [8]. This method can be described by the following sequence of technological operations: obtaining harsh fabric, its preliminary preparation, processing, including bleaching and dyeing, and finishing. However, this method, like the ones mentioned above, is intended for the manufacture of linen fabrics, mainly household, from high-quality flax raw materials (long fiber) and do not solve the urgent problem of efficient use of large volumes of low-quality flax raw materials (short fiber). This should also take into account the problem of the necessity of introducing into the turnover of large volumes of already manufactured unclaimed container fabrics.

Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a fabric based on cellulose fiber, in particular short flax fiber, which would have high consumer properties: decorativeness, softness to the touch, drapeability, brightness, purity and color stability. The method should ensure the expansion of the range of flax and flax-containing fabrics, reducing their cost and offer new more extensive use of flax raw materials of poor quality (short fiber).

The problem is solved by a method of manufacturing fabric, including the production of harsh fabric using cellulose fiber, in particular harsh linen fabric, its preparation by at least washing, processing and finishing, due to the fact that harsh linen fabric is obtained from dry-spun yarn short flax fiber with the possible addition of up to 10% artificial or synthetic fiber, the treatment is carried out by bleaching in tow and dyeing, while bleaching is carried out by hypochlorite processing with maturing in appa Ate and subsequent at least twice washing, alkaline peroxidation processing with boiling in a liquid apparatus and subsequent at least twice washing and kislovka with maturation in the apparatus and subsequent neutralization and washing, dyeing is carried out with at least one dye selected from cubozols and / or active dyes, the hypochlorite treatment and alkaline peroxide treatment are carried out in two stages with alternation, and the finishing is carried out by softening without pre-drying after dyeing.

The stated essential features in their entirety do not follow from the prior art explicitly, since previously only tare fabrics were produced from harsh yarn from short fibers; low quality fabrics that have not undergone any further processing. At the same time, the claimed sequence of technological operations for the preparation, processing and finishing of harsh fabric, in general, was known to specialists, but only for harsh fabrics obtained from pretreated (bleached and / or dyed) long-fiber flax yarn. However, even in this sequence of operations, significant changes were made, which made it possible to process and finish the harsh fabrics from the harsh yarn of short fibers with the production of high quality fabrics and excellent consumer properties.

It is traditionally known to those skilled in the art that linen fabrics (except for packaged fabrics) are never made from harsh (untreated) linen yarn, since removing large amounts of impurities from the fabric is much more difficult than from yarn, and, moreover, whitening harsh tissue would be a large mass loss (25-30%) and a decrease in surface density. Therefore, harsh linen rovings or yarn are always subjected to partial bleaching before weaving [9].

Despite this, the authors managed to propose a method for fabrication and develop a number of technological regimes in this method, in which gray fabric is produced from dry-spun dry yarn from short flax fiber or short flax fiber with the addition of up to 10% synthetic or artificial fibers, and only after receiving the harsh fabric is subjected to all

-2006660 types of preparation, processing and finishing. At the same time receive a fabric with very good physicochemical indicators and consumer properties, which can be used, including, as a decorative fabric. In fact, this method can be applied to the already finished tare fabric, regardless of the period of its manufacture and manufacturer.

During the experiments, the optimal (preferred) ranges of the basic parameters of each of the technological operations were determined.

Thus, in particular, it was established experimentally that, according to the claimed method, hypochlorite treatment should preferably be carried out with sodium hypochlorite solution with an active chlorine concentration of 2.6-3.2 g / l and alkalinity with caustic soda 0.25-0.4 g / l , and alkaline peroxidation treatment should preferably be carried out with a solution with a concentration of active oxygen of 1.0-3.2 g / l and alkalinity of caustic soda 1.8-2.5 g / l.

All other parameters (temperature, duration, speed, content of auxiliary substances in solutions, number of passes for which one or another technological operation is performed, etc.), according to the authors, can be chosen by a specialist in this field within the framework of the proposed method based on theoretical calculations and practical experience.

A method of making fabric, in General, as follows.

Traditional, well-known specialists in this field of technology using standard weaving equipment from yarn, obtained by the dry method of spinning from short flax fiber, if necessary with the addition of up to 10% synthetic (polyamide, polyester, polyacrylic, etc.) or artificial (acetate , viscose, artificial cellulose, etc.) fibers, produce a harsh fabric, which can be classified as tare, in particular bag or packaging, fabric. Essential in this case is that the yarn used for the manufacture of harsh fabric is not subjected to pre-treatment, in particular bleaching.

After the rough fabric is removed from the loom, a number of technological operations are performed related to the preparation of the fabric. So, in particular, when preparing the fabric, if necessary, perform the following operations:

stamping the ends and picking the party;

stitching in the party;

shearing on the shearing machine;

opalka on gazoopalny machine;

Cold water lock on the car.

When performing these operations, suitable technological conditions and technological equipment known to those skilled in the art may be used.

Upon completion of the preparatory operations, the fabric is subjected to whitening in the bundle, which consists of sequentially performed operations:

hypochlorite treatment; alkaline peroxidation; second hypochlorite treatment; second alkaline peroxide treatment; Kislovka.

All operations are performed continuously on the respective machines, combined into one production line.

Hypochlorite treatment, both the first and second, includes impregnation of a tow of tissue with a solution of sodium hypochlorite with the addition of a wetting agent, drowning in the apparatus, preferably for about 60 minutes, and then at least twice washing with cold running water. As already mentioned above, the concentration of active chlorine in the solution is set in the range of 2.6-3.2 g / l, and the alkalinity of the solution in caustic soda is set in the range of 0.25-0.4 g / l.

Alkaline peroxide treatment, both the first and second, includes impregnation of the tissue washed after the hypochlorite treatment with an alkaline peroxide solution, cooking in an alkaline peroxide solution in the apparatus, preferably for about 60 minutes, and subsequent at least twice washing with water (first rinse - with warm water, the second - cold). Essential for this method is that the cooking in the alkaline peroxide solution is carried out at the first and second stage of alkaline peroxide treatment. The implementation of the first and second stages of alkaline peroxidation treatment is carried out at different concentrations of active oxygen in solution, which is set in the range of 1.0-3.2 g / l, with alkalinity caustic soda set in the range of 1.8-2, 5 g / l.

The sour is carried out using any suitable acid, preferably oxalic acid. To do this, the fabric that has passed the above whitening stages is impregnated with an acid solution with the addition of a wetting agent, kept in the apparatus, preferably for about 60 minutes, neutralized by washing with a solution, for example soda ash, and washed with cold running water.

After completion of all stages of the bleaching operation, the tissue medium should be neutral. The tissue medium, as well as the alkalinity and chlorine content, are determined from the results of the quality control of washing the cloth.

Dyeing is carried out after bleaching and drying the fabric.

-3006660

Taking into account the structure and physicochemical properties of flax fiber, cubosols and reactive dyes are preferably used to obtain a uniform, saturated and stable color of the finished fabric for dyeing. At the same time, to expand the color range, they use both a single dye selected from cubozoles or active dyes, including, in different quantities for a certain amount of dyed fabric, and various combinations of dyes (two or more dyes).

The painted fabric, without drying, is subjected to finishing. Given the purpose of the fabric, as well as the physical properties of the harsh fabric (stiffness, zakostrennost, etc.), finishing is carried out by softening. For softening any suitable means and equipment available to those skilled in the art can be used.

In more detail the advantages and advantages of the proposed method of fabrication of the fabric will be illustrated using the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting claims.

Example 1

The fabric according to the method described above was manufactured at the Orsha Flax Mill using standard processing equipment under the following initial conditions.

Received a harsh pure-linen fabric from yarn made from short flax fiber by dry spinning according to standard technology for the manufacture of bag fabric. The basis and weft used linen yarn dry spinning method of a linear density of 317 texSrO.

The bleaching of the harsh fabric was carried out in a bundle on the LSBG-5L line at a speed of 40 m / min.

For greater clarity, subsequent technological operations, transitions and parameters will be presented in tabular form:

tab. 1 - bleaching operation, table. 2 - technological operation dyeing.

Table 1

No. p / p Name of technological transitions and parameters Unit measuring Value one. Batching and batching on the EMZ-5 sewing machine with filament lavsan thread 2 Cold water padlock on MS machine 3 Hypochloite treatment (SOG-1L section) 3.1. Impregnation with sodium hypochlorite solution on the MPPS number 1 machine - active chlorine - alkalinity according to DaOH - temperature g / l g / l C 2.6 0.25 22 3.2. Bed in the device AJG number 1 MIN 60 3.3. Washing with cold water on the MPPS machine - the first - the second No. No. 2 3 four. Silk-peroxidation (section SOSCH-1L) 4.1. Impregnation with alkaline peroxide solution on the MPPS No. 4 machine - active oxygen - alkalinity by ΝβΟΗ - temperature g / l g / l “C 1.4 1.8 54 4.2. Cooking in an alkaline peroxide solution in the AVZH device No. 2 - active oxygen - alkalinity according to NaOH - temperature g / l g / l -s 1.0 1.8 90 4.3. Washing with MPPS machine - first - second No. of Mach. / ° C No. of Mach. / ° C 5/50 6/20 five. The second hypochlorite treatment (section SOG-1L) 5.1. Impregnation with sodium hypochlorite solution on the MPPS No. 1 machine - active chlorine - alkalinity by ΝβΟΗ - temperature g / l g / l ° C 2.6 0.25 22

-4006660

5.2. Bed in the device AJG number 3 min 60 5.3. Washing with cold water (20 ° С) on the MPPS machine - the first - the second No. No. 8 3 6 The second silk-peroxidation (section SOSCH-1L) 6.1. Impregnation with an alkaline peroxide solution on the MPPS No. 10 machine - active oxygen - alkalinity according to IaOH g / l g / l 3.2 2.5 6.2. Cooking in alkaline peroxide solution in the AVZH device No. 4 - active oxygen - alkalinity according to NO. Temperature - g / l g / l ° C 1.2 2.5 90 6.3. Washing with MPPS machine - first - second No. of Mach. / ° C No. of Mach. / ° C 11/50 12/20 7 Kislovka - treatment with oxalic solution acid / section JUICE-1L) 7.1. Impregnation of oxalic acid solution in the MPPS machine - oxalic acid - temperature No. g / l g / l 13 2.0 50 7.2. Bed in the apparatus AZZH number 5 min 60 7.3. Joint washing and neutralization on the machine MPPS № 14 - soda ash g / l 0.6 7.4. Rinsing with cold water on the car MPPS № 15 eight. Bleaching quality control - whiteness - uniformity of color - tissue medium % visually 73.0 evenly neutral |

After bleaching, the fabric was dried on a Texim drying-wide line (at a speed of 20 m / min) and the fabric was dyed on a VK-3 dye-roller machine with cubozol of golden yellow LC, in accordance with the data given in Table. 2, and under the following conditions:

bath volume - 350 liters;

cloth movement speed - 65 m / min;

footage of the dyeing party - 400 m;

batch dyeing weight - 78 kg;

dye consumption - 0.78 kg;

softened water.

-5006660

table 2

No. p / p Name of technological transitions and parameters Unit measuring Value one. Lock on hot water - Pleskane CA g / l 0.5 2 Rinse with hot water ° С 75 3 Run in the solution dispersant NF and nitrite g / l g / l 3 16 Sodium - dispersant NF - sodium nitrate four. Bath dyeing - initial temperature - duration ° С min 85 60 five. Manifestation in a solution of sulfuric acid - sulfuric acid g / l ten 6 Rinse with cold running water ° С 20 7 Mylovka. combined with neutralization - detergent - soda ash g / l g / l 1.5 3 eight. Rinse with hot water ° С 75 9. Rinse with cold running water ° С 20 ten. Fabric dyeing control - color number - color uniformity 3 uniform

After dyeing, the fabric without pre-drying was subjected to a softening finish with Cellar ΡΙΕΧ.

In accordance with the test protocol for a sample of finished fabric, the following quality indicators were obtained (Table 3).

Table 3

No. p / p Name of quality indicators ND, regulations, requirements for test methods Unit measuring Actual quality indicators one. Resizing after wet processing - base - weft GOST 8710-84 %% -3.6 + 1.7 2 Color fastness to - wash at 40 ° C - to ironing - to organic solvents GOST 9733.4-83 GOST 9733.7-83 GOST 9733.13-83 score score score 5/5/5 5 5

Free chlorine and free formaldehyde in tests according to GOST 25617-83 were not found in the tissue sample.

In the study of the sample, it was found that it has a soft neck and has good drapeability.

Example 2

Fabric was made under the conditions of example 1.

Some of the parameters of the bleaching process, set in example 1 (listed in Table 1) were saved in example 2. Parameters other than the parameters of Example 1 below will be shown in Table. 4 indicating the number of technological transition in accordance with the table. one.

-6006660

Table 4

Unit

measuring

Value

3

Name of technological transitions and __________________ parameters __________________ Hypochlorite treatment (section SOG-1L)

3.1. Impregnation with sodium hypochlorite solution on the machine MPPS № 1

- active chlorine

- alkalinity according to IAN

four.

- temperature

Alkali peroxidation (section SOSCH-1L)

4.1. Impregnation with alkaline peroxide solution on the machine MPPS № 4

- active oxygen

- alkalinity according to NO

- temperature

4.2. Cooking in alkaline peroxide solution in the apparatus AVZH number 2

- active oxygen

- alkalinity according to IAN

five.

- temperature

The second hypochlorite treatment (section SOG-1L)

5.1. Impregnation with sodium hypochlorite solution on the machine MPPS № 1

- active chlorine

- alkalinity according to NO

- temperature

The second alkaline peroxide treatment (section SOSCH-1L)

6.1. Impregnation with alkaline peroxide solution on the machine MPPS № 10

- active oxygen

- alkalinity according to IAN

6.2. Cooking in alkaline peroxide solution in the apparatus AVZH number 4

- active oxygen

- alkalinity according to IAN

- temperature

Whitening quality control

- whiteness

- uniform color

- tissue medium

evenly neutral

After bleaching, the fabric was dried on the Textim drying line (at a speed of 25 m / min) and the fabric was dyed on the Henriksen dyeing and roller machine in accordance with the data given in Table. 5, and under the following conditions:

bath volume - 350 liters;

cloth movement speed - 70 m / min;

-7006660 metering of the dyeing party - 400 m;

batch dyeing weight - 78 kg;

dye formulation - Remazol bright purple 5K - 0.145 kg Remazole red 5B8 - 0.020 kg;

softened water.

Part of the parameters of the dyeing process, set in example 1 (listed in table. 2) were saved in example 2. Parameters that differ from the parameters of example 1, below will be given in table. 5 indicating the number of technological transition in accordance with the table. 2

Table 5

No. p / p Name of technological transitions and parameters Unit measuring Value 3 Introduction of chemical materials - Plekene SA - Revatol 8 - common salt g / l g / l g / l 1.0 1.5 10 four. Dyeing - the introduction of the dye (for 2 doses of 1/2) - the introduction of soda ash (for 2 doses of 1/2) - the introduction of IaOH (for 2 doses of 1/2) g / l ml / l 10 1.0 five. missing 6 Washing with warm water - the first - the second with the addition of acetic acid - the third with the addition of acetic acid ° with g / l g / l 50 1.0 1.0 7 Mylovka - the first with Pleksene SA - the second with Pleksene SA g / l g / l 2.0 2.0 eight. Rinse with warm water ° s 50 ten. Color control fabric 433 uniform - color number - uniform coloring

After dyeing, the fabric without pre-drying was subjected to a softening finish with Cellolube THEM.

The quality indicators of the finished fabric sample are similar to those of the sample fabric of example 1.

Example 3

The fabric was made under the conditions of example 1, but the gray fabric was obtained from yarn made from short flax fiber by dry spinning with the addition of 10% viscose fiber.

Characteristics and properties, as well as indicators of the quality of the sample of the finished fabric in example 3 are comparable with the results obtained in example 1.

Example 4

The fabric was made under the conditions of example 1, but the hard fabric was obtained from yarn made from short flax fiber by dry spinning with the addition of 10% polyamide fiber.

Characteristics and properties, as well as indicators of the quality of the sample of the finished fabric in example 4 are comparable with the results obtained in example 1.

Comparative example 1.

Fabric was made in the conditions of example 1, but with the following changes:

during hypochlorite treatment, a solution with a lower content of active chlorine was used: 2.5 g / l in the first stage and 2.0 g / l in the second stage;

-8006660 in the first stage of alkaline peroxide treatment did not boil the treated tissue in an alkaline peroxide solution in the apparatus.

At the end of the bleaching, there was visually observed an insufficient whiteness of the fabric with pronounced yellow stripes on the base. Upon completion of dyeing, the unevenness of the color with pronounced darker stripes was visually observed.

Comparative example 2.

The fabric was made under the conditions of Example 1 while maintaining the concentrations of the solutions, but at the first stage of alkaline peroxidation treatment, the treated tissue was not cooked in an alkaline peroxide solution in the apparatus.

At the end of the bleaching, the insufficient whiteness of the tissue with a restless background was visually observed. Upon completion of dyeing, the unevenness of the color was visually observed.

From the above general description, illustrated by the example of some implementations of the proposed method, it follows that the inventive method of making fabrics can effectively solve the problem of using large volumes of low-quality flax raw material (short fiber) and significantly expand the range of household fabrics, in particular decorative purposes, while reducing the cost of their manufacture. It uses standard technological equipment and chemicals (bleaches, dyes, neutralizers, etc.), which does not require re-equipment of existing industries.

Literature

1. Sidorov M.I., Alekseeva Z.F. General flax technology. M .: Light Industry, 1973, p. 88-91,102-119.

2. Friedland G.I. and other Handbook of chemical technology of processing linen fabrics. M .: Light Industry, 1973, p. 74-96, 135-143.

3. Kharkharov A. A., Predtechenskaya I. A. Preparation and dyeing of fibrous materials. L .: Leningrad University Press, 1979, p. 41, 46.

4. Melnikov B.N. and other Physical and chemical bases of the processes of finishing production: Proc. allowance for universities, M .: Light and food industry, 1982, p. 107, 108.

5. Patent CI No. 2191859, publ. 10.27.2002.

6. KI patent number 2208078, publ. 07/10/2003.

7. KI patent number 2173740, publ. September 20, 2001.

8. Friedland G.I. and other Handbook of chemical technology of processing linen fabrics. M .: Light Industry, 1973, p. 76, 77, 135-137, 179.

9. Kharkharov A. A., Predtechenskaya I. A. Preparation and dyeing of fibrous materials. L .: Leningrad University Press, 1979, p. 41

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a fabric, including obtaining a harsh fabric using cellulose fiber, in particular a harsh linen fabric, its preparation by at least washing, processing and finishing, characterized in that the harsh linen fabric is obtained from dry yarn from short linen fibers, the processing is carried out by bleaching in a tow and dyeing, while bleaching is carried out by hypochlorite treatment with a spoon in the apparatus and subsequent at least two times washing, alkaline peroxide treatment with cooking in liquid apparatus and subsequent at least two-fold washing and acidification with the device lying and subsequent neutralization and washing, dyeing is carried out by at least one dye selected from cubosol and / or active dyes, moreover, hypochlorite treatment and alkaline peroxide treatment are carried out in two stages with alternation, and the finish is carried out by softening without preliminary drying after dyeing.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that upon receipt of the fabric add up to 10% of artificial or synthetic fiber.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the hypochlorite treatment is carried out with a solution of sodium hypochlorite with a concentration of active chlorine of 2.6-3.2 g / l and alkalinity in caustic soda 0.25-0.4 g / l

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the alkaline peroxide treatment is carried out with a solution with a concentration of active oxygen of 1.0-3.2 g / l and alkalinity in caustic soda of 1.8-2.5 g / l