EA000365B1 - Adhesive photochromatic matrix layers for use in optical articles - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An optical product comprising an adhesive matrix layer attached to an optical substrate, said adhesive matrix layer having a cross-link density of less than about 3 mols/1 and a Tg- between 10 and 60 degree C, and said adhesive matrix layer containing one or more photochromic additives. 2. The optical product of Claim l further comprising an outer barrier layer attached to said adhesive matrix layer, said outer barrier layer being substantially impermeable to said one or more photochromic additives. 3. An optical product comprising: an optical substrate; an adhesive matrix layer containing one or more photochromic additives, said adhesive matrix layer attached to said optical substrate and having a cross-link density of less than about 3 mols/1 and a Tg between 10 and 60 degree C; and an outer barrier layer attached to said adhesive photochromic matrix layer, said outer barrier layer being attached without the use of an additional adhesive. 4. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said adhesive photochromic matrix layer is provided on a surface of said optical substrate selected from the group consisting of a convex surface of said optical substrate, a concave surface of said optical substrate, and both convex and concave surfaces of said optical substrate. 5. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said optical substrate is selected from the group consisting of an optical preform, an optical window, an optical wafer, an optical lens, and a semi-finished lens blank. 6. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said adhesive matrix layer has a refractive index that is within 0.05 refractive index units of the refractive index of said substrate. 7. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said adhesive matrix layer is resistant to solvents selected from the group consisting of organic solvents, silicone oils, fluorinated silicone oils, and fluorocarbons. 8. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said outer barrier layer is a scratch resistant layer. 9. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said outer barrier layer has a Tg of more than about 70 degree C. 10. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said one or more photochromic additives are selected from the group consisting of spiro(indolino) naphthoxazines, spiro(indolino) pyridobenzoxazines, spiro(benzindolino) naphthoxazines, and spiro(benzindolino) pyridobenzoxazines. 11. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said adhesive matrix layer comprises at least two adhesive matrix sublayers. 12. The optical product of Claim 11, wherein said each of said at least two adhesive matrix sublayers contains a different photochromic additive, differs from the photochromic additive of another sublayer. 13. The optical product of Claim 1 wherein additionally comprising a layer of photochromic material between said optical substrate and said adhesive matrix layer. 14. The optical product of Claim 3 wherein further comprising a layer of photochromic material between said optical substrate and said adhesive matrix layer. 15. The optical product of Claim 1 wherein a cross-link density is less than 2 mols/l. 16. The optical product of Claim 3 wherein a cross-link is less than 2 mol/l. 17. The optical product of Claim 1 wherein Tg is between 20 and 40 degree C. 18. The optical product of Claim 3 wherein Tg is between 20 and 40 degree C. 19. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said adhesive matrix layer has a thickness of greater than 25 mkm. 20. The optical product of Claim 19, wherein said adhesive matrix layer has a thickness ranging from 100 to 250 mkm. 21. The optical product of Claim 1, wherein said adhesive matrix layer comprises a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives. 22. The optical product of Claim 11, wherein said adhesive matrix layer comprises a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives. 23. An adhesive matrix layer containing one or more photochromatic additives, said adhesive matrix layer having a cross-link density that is less than about 3 mols/1 and a Tg between 10 and 60 degree C. 24. The adhesive matrix layer of Claim 23, wherein said one or more photochromic additives are selected from the group consisting of spiro(indolino) naphthoxazines, spiro(indolino) pyridobenzoxazines, spiro(benzindolino) naphthoxazines, and spiro(benzindolino) pyridobenzoxazines. 25. The adhesive matrix layer of Claim 23, wherein a cross-link density is less than 2 mol/l. 26. The adhesive matrix layer of Claim 23, wherein Tg is between 20 and 40 degree C. 27. The adhesive matrix layer of Claim 23, wherein it has a thickness of greater than 25mkm. 28. The adhesive matrix layer of Claim 27, wherein it has a thickness ranging from 100 to 250 mkm. 29. The adhesive matrix layer of Claim 28, wherein comprising a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives. 30. A method for the manufacture of an optical substrate comprising providing at least on one surface of the optical substrate an adhesive matrix sublayer having a cross-link density of less than about 3 mols/1 and having a Tg between 10 and 60 degree C, wherein said adhesive matrix sublayer comprises one or more photochromic additives. 31. The method for the manufacture of an optical substrate having an attached adhesive matrix layer of Claim 30, comprising the steps of: - coating a mold with an adhesive matrix resin corresponding to said adhesive matrix layer, to form a coated mold; - arranging said coated mold, said accessory mold and said substrate resin such that the space between said coated mold and said accessory mold is filled with said substrate resin and such that the volume occupied by said substrate resin corresponds to the shape of the optical substrate; and - curing said substrate resin. 32. The method of Claim 31, wherein said mold is provided with a resin corresponding to a hard coat material prior to coating said adhesive matrix resin. 33. The method of Claim 31, wherein a photochomic additive is provided within said adhesive matrix resin prior to curing. 34 The method of Claim 31, wherein the photochromic additive is provided within said adhesive matrix layer after curing. 35. The method of Claim 31, further comprising placing a layer of photochromic layer on said mold prior to coating the mold with said adhesive matrix resin. 36. The method of Claim 32, comprising the photochomic layer is placed in the resin, corrsponding to said hard coat material prior to coating the mold with adhesive matrix resin. 37. The method for the manufacture of an optical substrate having an attached adhesive matrix layer of Claim 30, comprising the steps of: providing said optical resin on at least one surface of said substrate; and curing the adhesive matrix resin to form said adhesive matrix layer. 38. The method of Claim 30, wherein said adhesive matrix resin is provided on said at least one surface of said substrate by means of a mold. 39. The method of Claim 30, wherein said adhesive matrix resin is provided on said at least one surface of said substrate by an application step selected from the group consisting of dip coating, brushing, dripping, spraying, photolithography and spin coating said optical substrate. 40. The method of Claim 30, wherein said adhesive matrix resin is cured either concurrently with os subsequent to said application step. 41. The method of Claim 30, further comprising the steps of: immersing said optical substrate in an adhesive matrix resin bath; and curing said adhesive matrix resin on said optical substrate, while said optical substrate is immersed in said adhesive matrix resin. 42. The method of 30, wherein one or more photochromic additives selected from the group consisting of spiro(indolino) naphthoxazines, spiro(indolino) pyridobenzoxazines, spiro(benzindolino) naphthoxazines, and spiro(benzindolino) pyridobenzoxazines is incorporated into said adhesive matrix layer. 43. The method of Claim 30, wherein said additive is incorporated into said adhesive matrix layer from a solvent solution containing said one or more photochromic additives using a method selected from the group consisting of immersing, brushing dripping, spraying, flow coating and spin coating, followed by removal of residual solvent. 44. The method of Claim 30, wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of organic solvents, silicone oils and fluorinated oils, taken separately or in a combination. 45. The method of Claim 30, further comprising providing an outer barrier layer on said adhesive matrix layer. 46. The method of Claim 30, wherein said adhesive matrix layer is subjected to one or more dispersion processes selected from the group consisting of ageing, annealing, vibration, ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation to further disperse said one or more photochromic additives within said adhesive matrix layer. 47. The method of Claim 37, wherein further comprising placing a layer of photochromic material on the optical substrate prior to providing said adhesive matrix resin. 48. The method of Claim 30, wherein the photochromic additives are provided by a method selected from the group of: grinding the photochromic additives together, dissolving the photochromic additives in a common solvent and evaporating the solvent, and microencapsulating the photochromic additives with a layer of polymer. 49. The method of Claim 30, wherein the matrix layer having said cross link density of less than 2 mols/1. 50. The method of Claim 30, wherein said T is between 20 and 40 degree C. 51. The method of Claim 30, wherein said adhesive matrix layer has a thickness of greater than 25 mkm. 52. The method of Claim 51, wherein said thickness of adhesive matrix layer ranges from 100 to 250 mkm. 53. The method of Claim 30, wherein said adhesive matrix layer comprises a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives. 54. A method for the manufactu

Description

This invention relates to adhesive matrix layers, which are effective reservoirs for photochromic additives and can serve as effective areas of transition between dissimilar materials to be used in optical products that transmit or refract light.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The surfaces of optical products can be machined or modified for many reasons. For example, in some cases it is necessary to cover the lenses with an outer layer, such as a hard layer that protects against scratches, or an antireflection layer, to improve the operational or optical characteristics of the finished lenses. In other cases, a painted hard coating is applied on top of the soft polycarbonate material. And in other cases, the lens optics are tinted through the application of thermal diffusion with or without hard coatings.

At the same time, it is often necessary to pre-treat the surface of the optical product before applying the outer layer in order to enhance adhesion between the optics surface and the outer layer. Such types of pretreatment include the use of special technological processes for cleaning or etching the surface or the use of primer surface layers. In general, pre-treatment should not adversely affect the quality of the optics and should not lead to an additional significant increase in the thickness of the optics. Examples of such pretreatments can be found in US Pat. No. 5,316,702 to Bloom, Gupt, and Bennington. Unless otherwise indicated, all references cited here are included in their entirety as sources of information.

Despite the fact that effective technological processes for surface treatment are known in the art, nevertheless, such technological processes have reserves for improvement. For example, surface pretreatment technologies known from the prior art do not allow us to create useful and effective containers that contain various additives, such as photochromic additives. They also cannot ensure the creation of effective transition areas between dissimilar materials.

Summary of invention

Given the above disadvantages of the known solutions, the present invention is to create an adhesive matrix layer between the optical base and the outer barrier layer, which will act as an effective capacity for various additives.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide an adhesive matrix layer, which will act as a transition region between the optical base and the outer barrier layer, which are made of dissimilar materials.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for creating such an adhesive matrix layer. These and other objectives are achieved using the present invention, which relates to individual adhesive matrix layers and methods for their manufacture. Adhesive matrix layers according to the present invention have several advantages compared with known technical solutions.

The first advantage of the present invention is that it provides new adhesive matrix layers that serve as spatial layers between the surface of the substrate and the outer barrier layer, allowing two materials to be bonded with different transverse densities and different hardness.

The second advantage of the present invention is that it provides new adhesive matrix layers, which serve as storage for additives, such as ultraviolet absorbers, materials having a color, to change the color of the lens, photochromic additives and others. The loss of these additives in the adhesive matrix layers according to the present invention due to diffusion is significantly reduced, since both sides of the adhesive matrix layer are usually coated with layers that are resistant to diffusion.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an optical product comprising an adhesive matrix layer adhered to an optical base and having a thickness greater than 25 μm.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an optical product that comprises an adhesive photochromic matrix layer adhered to an optical base. An external barrier layer is adhered to the adhesive photochromic matrix layer. The outer barrier layer in this embodiment is adhered without the use of additional bonding material.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an adhesive matrix layer whose thickness is greater than 25 microns. The adhesive matrix layer in this embodiment is adapted to serve as a reservoir for one or more photochromic additives and the transition region between dissimilar materials. The adhesive matrix layer in this embodiment preferably has one or more characteristics selected from the group consisting of a crosslink density that is lower than that of commercially available CR-39 lenses and a glass transition temperature Tg comprised between 10-60 ° FROM.

According to another embodiment of the invention, a method is disclosed in which an adhesive matrix layer is formed on an optical basis. The adhesive matrix layer in this embodiment has a thickness greater than 25 μm on at least one surface of the optical base.

According to another embodiment, the mold is coated with a polymer corresponding to the adhesive matrix layer, thereby forming a coated mold. Then, the auxiliary mold and the base polymer are placed along the coated mold so that the gap between the coated mold and the auxiliary mold is filled by the polymer of the matrix and so that the volume occupied by the polymer of the matrix corresponds to the shape of the optical matrix. The base polymer cures and the adhesive matrix layer is transferred to the base because it has a greater affinity for the base than for the mold. If required, a photochromic additive may be added to the uncured polymer of the adhesive matrix layer. In another embodiment, the photochromic layer may be placed on the mold prior to coating the mold with a polymer corresponding to the adhesive matrix layer. As an additional alternative, the material may be coated with a material to form a hard coating, then a photochromic layer, before coating the form with a polymer corresponding to the adhesive matrix layer.

According to another embodiment, the polymer corresponding to the adhesive matrix layer is applied to at least one surface of the optical base and the polymer is cured to form an adhesive matrix layer, which is then impregnated with photochromic additives.

According to another embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing an optical base having an adhesive matrix layer adhered to it. The method includes: (a) supplying an optical base (obtaining an optical base); (b) obtaining a first adhesive matrix sublayer on at least one surface of the optical base; and (c) obtaining a second adhesive matrix sublayer on a first adhesive matrix sublayer to obtain a mesh of adhesive matrix sublayers.

The above adhesive matrix layers and sublayers preferably contain one or more photochromic additives.

Other objectives and advantages of the invention and various options will easily become apparent to specialists in this field of technology, in particular, after reading the detailed description and the examples below.

Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross section of an optical base, an adhesive matrix layer, and an outer barrier layer;

FIG. 2A is a mold unit (forming unit) used to form an adhesive matrix layer;

FIG. 2B is a side view of the forming unit when exposed to ultraviolet radiation;

FIG. 3 - a lens with an adhesive matrix layer, which is mounted on a block for high-speed rotation;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a forming unit installed to form an outer barrier layer on top of an adhesive matrix layer;

FIG. 5 - forming unit when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

According to one embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive matrix layer is formed on the surface of the optical base. In this description, the concept of an optical base is used to designate a product that is currently capable of transmitting or refracting light, or which can do this when it is fully manufactured. Such optical bases include optical blanks, optical substrates, optical lenses, semi-finished lens blanks, windows and other similar products. Typical materials used for optical substrates include, but are not limited to, biallyl carbonate (ER-39), polymethyl methacrylate, and biphenol A polycarbonate.

The adhesive matrix layer (which, for the purposes of the present invention, is a single layer or a combination of several layers) is preferably firmly bonded to the surface of the optical base, it has optical properties consistent with the optical function of the optical base, and is resistant to erosion when exposed to solvents. The adhesive matrix layer according to the present invention can perform many functions, including obtaining a strong and durable bond between the optical preform underneath and the outer barrier layer above it, and can also serve as a capacitance for various additives.

In general, the adhesive matrix layers of the present invention preferably satisfy several physical and optical criteria.

For example, the layer is substantially transparent to the radiation that the lens or lens blank must refract or transmit. Therefore, if the lens is designed to focus or defocus visible light (for example, light having a wavelength of 400-700 nm), then the adhesive matrix layer in this wavelength region should be as optically clean as possible. Moreover, the adhesive matrix layer according to the present invention preferably has a refractive index that is consistent with the refractive index of the optical base. Preferably, the refractive index of the optical base is not more than 0.05 units, and more preferably not more than 0.03 units, different from the refractive index of the adhesive matrix layer.

The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the adhesive matrix layer affects some properties of the adhesive matrix layer. For example, an increase in the glass transition temperature leads to the following: (1) a decrease in the permeability of the adhesive matrix layer at a given temperature (because the adhesive matrix layer becomes more permeable to additives at temperatures above the glass transition temperature), (2) an increase in the tensile strength or bulk modulus the adhesive matrix layer at a given temperature (because this module for the adhesive matrix layer becomes larger (and the layer is harder) at temperatures below the temperature klovaniya), (3) reduce the switching time of any photochromic additives, (4) increase the dynamic range of any photochromic additives and (5) increase resistance to photochemical damage.

The glass transition temperature is usually controlled by changing the composition of the polymer. For example, if you combine two polymers, one of which has a higher TD than the other, then the TD of the composition can be increased with an increase in the relative amount of the first polymer.

The cross-link density also affects some properties of the adhesive matrix layer. For example, an increase in the crosslink density leads to the following: (1) an increase in the stiffness of the layer (and, therefore, a decrease in impact strength (impact resistance) at temperatures higher than the glass transition temperature, (2) a decrease in the permeability of the layer for additives (because the layer is resistant to swelling with conventional organic solvents such as acetone or hexane), (3) reducing the switching time of any photochromic additives (additives), and (4) increasing the dynamic range of any photochromic additives.

The crosslink density is usually controlled by adjusting the degree of functionality of the polymer compounds. For example, monomers with a large number of reactive functional groups, as a rule, lead to the formation of polymers with a higher cross-link density.

Based on the foregoing, it can be seen that the glass transition temperature can be optimized for this final application based on a compromise between the dynamic range and resistance to photochemical damage, on the one hand, and permeability and impact resistance at a given temperature, as well as switching speed, on the other hand. At the same time, the cross-link density can be optimized for a given end-use application on the basis of a compromise between matrix permeability, impact resistance and switching time, on the one hand, and dynamic range, on the other hand.

It is preferable that the glass transition temperature and the crosslink density of the adhesive matrix layer be optimized at the same time, since both of them affect properties such as switching speed and dynamic range of photochromic additives, as well as impact resistance and permeability of the layer for additives. Typically, the adhesive matrix layer is preferably selected so that it has a low crosslink density in order to provide good shear resistance, rapid commutation, and increased absorption of photochromic additives. In particular, the adhesive matrix preferably has a crosslink density that is lower than that of commercially available CR-39 lenses, more preferably less than 3 mol / L, and even more preferably less than 2 mol / L. At the same time, the adhesive matrix layer is preferably selected such that it has a glass transition temperature close to the use temperature of the finished product. For ocular (ophthalmic) lenses, the glass transition temperature of the adhesive matrix layer is preferably between 10-60 ° C, and more preferably between 20-40 ° C. This provides an acceptable degree of resistance to photochemical damage and a dynamic range without significant deterioration in matrix permeability and resistance, as well as the switching speed of any photochemical additives.

In order for the above criteria to be satisfied, the adhesive matrix layer is preferably composed of a mixture of monomeric and oligomeric acrylates, methacrylates, allyl and vinyl derivatives (compounds), such as biallyl carbonate or styrene. Additionally, the composition also preferably includes a thermal polymerization initiator (such as benzyl peroxide, 2,2'-azoisobutyronitrile or diisopropyl peroxide carbonate), a photoinitiator (including acetophenone and benzophenone derivatives, such as

2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one or 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone sold by Ciba Geigy under the brands Irgacure 184 and Durcure 1173), or both, depending on whether the polymer is cured by heat or photochemical or with both types of exposure.

In other applications, an increase in the diffusion coefficient of additives in the adhesive matrix layer may be required. In addition to traditional methods, including heating, aging, vibration, exposure to ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation, it is also possible to increase the diffusion coefficient by only partially hardening the adhesive matrix layer before diffusion of the additives. After diffusion, the adhesive matrix layer is completely hardened to increase the degree of crosslinking.

Preferably, the matrix layer is firmly bonded to the optical base. To obtain a good bond between the adhesive matrix layer and the lens or lens blank, the methods described in US Pat. No. 5,316,702 can be used.

The adhesive matrix layer according to the present invention can be obtained on any surface of the optical base. For example, in the case where the optical base is a lens that allows you to obtain a distance correction, the adhesive matrix layer can be applied to the front (convex) surface of the optical base, the back (concave) surface of the optical base or both of these surfaces. In most cases of application of the adhesive matrix layer, it is applied to the front (convex) surface.

The aggregate adhesive matrix layer according to the present invention is also preferably a layer with either a total thickness or one thickness greater than 25 μm, and more preferably from 100 to 250 μm. In the case where several sublayers are used to form an aggregate layer, such sublayers are sized to provide an appropriate aggregate size. For example, three layers of (30-80) microns can be used, ten layers of (10-25) microns, etc. can be used.

The hardcoat layers that are usually applied to the surface of optical substrates have many properties that are significantly different from those of the adhesive matrix layers of the present invention. For example, such hardcoat layers usually have a thickness of up to 25 μm, have high cross-link densities, have a glass transition temperature above 75 ° C, and they do not have the property of adhering and firmly bonding to adjacent layers when the hardcoat layer is in a cured state. Conversely, the adhesive matrix layers of the present invention preferably have a thickness greater than 25 μm, have a low cross-link density, have a glass transition temperature between 1,060 ° C and they have the ability to adhere and bond strongly to adjacent layers, even after that as the adhesive matrix layer hardens.

Adhesive matrix layers according to the present invention can be obtained in numerous ways.

According to some variants of the present invention, the adhesive matrix layers are formed before or in parallel with the formation of the optical base. For example, the surface of the mold may be coated with a non-hardened adhesive matrix polymer, which is used to ultimately form the adhesive matrix layer. The polymer coated mold may then undergo partial solidification, although it is possible to completely solidify, as well as the absence of solidification. The coated form can then be used to form the optical base. For example, by incorporating the coated mold into a conventional molding assembly that also contains an auxiliary mold and a spacer, the space between the coated mold and the auxiliary mold can be filled with a base polymer to produce an uncured polymer mass that is shaped like an optical base. The entire assembly can then solidify to form an optical base having an adhesive matrix layer. It should be noted that the hardened adhesive matrix polymer should have a greater affinity for the hardened base polymer than for the mold.

In other embodiments, the adhesive matrix layers are applied to a preformed optical base by casting, using a mold or making a layer without a mold, and by spraying, coating by dipping, using a brushing device, irrigation, centrifugation, and polymer curing in siti (on location) in a polymer bath, photolithography, etc. In such embodiments, the surface of the optical base can be pre-treated before the formation of an adhesive matrix layer is performed on it. Technologies for pretreatment can be found, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,316,702.

In FIG. 2A and 2B, an example is illustrated in which an adhesive matrix layer is formed using a mold on an existing optical base (i.e., a semi-finished lens blank). In FIG. 2A and 2B show a forming unit mounted to form an adhesive matrix layer. In this particular forming unit, mold (21) is made of glass or other material transparent to radiation in the wavelength range of 300-400 nm. Form (21) also has a curvature that corresponds to the frontal curvature (curvature of the front surface) of the lens (23) or semi-finished lens blank (22). The space between the mold (21) and the lens (23) or the lens blank (22) is filled with a layer (24) of polymerizable resin. In FIG. 2B also shows the forming unit under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. The thickness of the polymer layer is controlled in this example using elastic spacers (26) located at three or more points at an equal distance from each other along the circumference of the mold.

Of course, there is no need to create an adhesive matrix layer in one step. For example, to form a first adhesive matrix sublayer, a first layer of adhesive matrix polymer may be applied, and then this adhesive matrix polymer will solidify or partially solidify. The second layer of adhesive matrix polymer can then be applied to the first adhesive matrix sublayer and harden, etc. until the correct total thickness is reached.

The adhesive matrix layers or sublayers in accordance with the present invention may contain one or more of the required additives, preferably photochromic additives. Photochromic additives are substances that provide characteristics such as reversible color and / or light transmission when they are exposed to certain types of electromagnetic radiation, including sunlight, and return to their original color and / or transmittance when this is removed source of electromagnetic radiation.

Many substances with photochromic characteristics are known in the art; they belong to several classes of inorganic and organic compounds, as described, for example, in Photochromism GHBrown (Ed.), V. 4, in Weisseberger Series Techniques of Organic Chemistry, WileyInterscience, New York (1971). Preferred photochromic additives according to the present invention include compounds belonging to the class of compounds of the spiroindoline (spiro-indole) type, which are capable of providing photochromic characteristics for polymerized organic materials, such as the compounds described, for example, in the following patents: US Patent Nos. 3,562,172; 3,578,602; 4,215,010; 4,342,668; EP 146 135; WO 85/02619; EP 245 020 and in published European patent applications Nos. 134,633 and 141,407. Such compounds include spiro (indolino) naphthohexazines, spiro (indolino) pyridobenzoxazines, spiro (benzindolino) naphthhexazines, spiro (benzindolino) pyridobenzoxazines, etc.

In the case where one or more photochromic additives are included in the adhesive matrix layer, photochromic additives with absorption spectra that will give the finished product a gray, green, brown or blue appearance are usually selected. It should be remembered that the switching speed of each photochromic component is a function of the level (degree) of darkness, temperature and color evolution, when this component is activated or deactivated, as well as the composition of the layer in which it is located.

The formulation of conventional photochromic additives contains a mixture of two or three photochromic additives, an antioxidant such as 2,5-di (P butyl) phenol, and an additional background dye (such as DIACOTE) in order to provide a cosmetically attractive color. The formulas of such additives usually also contain ultraviolet stabilizers, known from the prior art and capable of improving the duration of the photochromic effect without reducing the intensity of photo-staining of the same mixtures. As examples of ultraviolet stabilizers suitable for the present invention, but not a limited list, non-aromatic stabilizers such as amines (HALS) as well as DABCO can be mentioned. Additive compositions can be prepared by grinding the individual components together, for example, in a mill, by dissolving them in a common solvent and evaporating the solution, or by micro-sealing them with a layer of thermoplastic polymer (encapsulating in microcapsules from the polymer).

A wide range of photochromic products that are capable of reversibly installing at least a partial screen for solar radiation can be obtained by incorporating one or more photochromic additives into the adhesive matrix layers of the present invention. Such photochromic products include photochromic ophthalmic lenses and photochromic solar filters, such as lenses for sunglasses, prescribed lenses (by prescription), contact lenses, windows for cars or in general for vehicles, as well as windows in the construction sector.

Several methods are suitable for incorporating additives, in particular photochromic additives, into the adhesive matrix layers of the present invention. Such methods include those discussed in US Patent No. 5,180,524, which methods are also suitable for incorporating suitable adjuvants required for photochromic additives (such as antioxidants, UV stabilizers, background dyes, etc.).

In certain embodiments, the required additives are part of the polymer composition used to form the adhesive matrix layer. According to other embodiments of the invention, additives can be added after the adhesive matrix layer is formed by saturating (soaking) the adhesive matrix layer by diffusion. Other embodiments of the invention provide a grid of a plurality of adhesive matrix sublayers, in which the required additive or additives are added immediately after each sublayer is formed, or are added when the required number of adhesive matrix sublayers is formed. Another embodiment of the invention provides for the placement of a layer of photochromic material on an optical basis and then the placement of an adhesive matrix layer (or layers) on a layer of photochromic material. The photochromic material can be further dispersed within the adhesive matrix layer as follows.

Following the inclusion of additives and, preferably, after applying a hard coating or sealant, these additives are then scattered / spread (dispersed / diffuse) throughout the sublayer by annealing, vibration, infrared radiation or aging over time. However, this step of improving dispersion / diffusion can be performed any number of times following the formation of an adhesive matrix layer. One of the advantages of this multilayer approach is that a very high saturation of the adhesive matrix layer with additives can be achieved. Another advantage of this multilayer approach is that it is possible to adjust, fine-tune or balance the desired effect of the additives by using the appropriate additive or additives in the multilayer method.

The photochromic additive is applied to the surface or introduced into the adhesive matrix layer according to the invention using suitable technologies.

According to a first approach, photochromic additives can be incorporated into the adhesive matrix layer of the present invention using injection-based technologies in which photochromic additives uniformly disperse throughout the adhesive matrix layer.

According to another approach, photochromic additives are dissolved in a suitable solvent together with a suitable polymer material and the solution with the solvent is applied to the optical base so that a photochromic adhesive matrix layer is formed after evaporation of the solvent.

According to another approach, the photochromic additive is added to a suitable polymerizable monomer such that after the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a suitable polymerization initiator, the photochromic additive is uniformly incorporated into the adhesive matrix layer.

According to another approach, the photochromic additive can be introduced into the adhesive matrix layer using surface impregnation, which is obtained by contact between the adhesive matrix layer and the solution or suspension that contain the photochromic additive at a suitable temperature. For this, a solution or suspension with a photochromic additive is prepared in a suitable solvent or dispersant, as a rule, they are selected from ordinary organic solvents (e.g. acetone, hexane, tetrahydrofuran, methanol and acetonitrile, etc.), silicone oils, fluorinated oils and the like. compounds, and the photochromic composition is transferred to the polymer base by dipping the polymer product into said solution or suspension for an appropriate time and at an appropriate temperature. Or, the additive can be introduced by directly applying a solvent solution containing the additive to the adhesive matrix layer by spraying, dipping, using a brush device, etc.

According to another approach, an optical base with a glued adhesive matrix portion can be mounted on a support that is able to rotate or rotate at an adjustable speed. In FIG. 3 shows a lens 31 with an adhesive matrix layer 32 mounted on a base 33 and placed on a support 34 that is able to rotate at high speed. The additive solution is applied dropwise to the surface of the lens when it rotates on the base. For toroidal lenses or other optical substrates with off-center symmetrical surfaces, it may be necessary to fix them on a support before they can be mounted on the base in order to prevent them from swinging during rotation.

Other options for introducing the additive into the adhesive matrix layers of the present invention are discussed with the disclosure of the examples below. This should not be construed as limiting the types of methods of the present invention.

Once the required adhesive matrix layer is obtained and filled with the additive or additives, if any, the adhesive matrix layer is preferably coated with an outer barrier layer. In FIG. 1 shows a cross section of an optical base 10 with an adhesive matrix layer 11 coated with an outer barrier layer 12.

The outer barrier layer of the present invention is preferably a sealing layer acting as an obstacle to the diffusion (diffusion) of additives as well as oxygen. It may or may not be the outermost layer of the lens, but it is simply outer with respect to the adhesive matrix layer.

The outer barrier layer can change the refractive power of the lens as a whole, it can lead to a slight change in the refractive power of the lens, or it can change the refractive power of the lens partially (in some part), as when a zone with additional refractive power is created.

The outer barrier layer may be a hard coating layer, such as the layers described in US Pat. No. 4,544,572, the outer barrier layer may contain a material similar to the material used to form the optical base, preferably with a layer having a final (last) hard coating, and t . d.

Depending on the specific application, the outer barrier layer can be formed either using molds, or it can be formed without molds, for example, by hardening in siti (in place) in a polymer bath, by immersion, spraying, using a brush device, coating by irrigation or centrifugation. Moreover, the outer barrier layer can be formed thermally, photochemically (as described in US patent No. 5,178,800, 5,147,585 and 5,219,497) or using both of these methods.

For example, the lens may be molded with an outer barrier layer that provides the required correction of additional refractive power. In this method, the shape is selected so as to provide the desired form and amount of correction of additional refractive power. The curvature of the spherical portion of the mold preferably has an exact relationship with respect to the curvature of the lens with the adhesive matrix layer, so that after completion of the casting process, a predetermined curvature of the final bulge is obtained. As shown above, if the curing of the polymer involves the use of ultraviolet radiation, then the form is preferably transparent to ultraviolet radiation in the appropriate wavelength range.

In FIG. 4 shows a side view of a forming unit installed to form a coating or an outer barrier layer over an adhesive matrix layer. It consists of a lens 41 with an adhesive matrix layer 42, on which a polymer 43 contained in a glass form 44 is placed. The form has a zone 441 providing bifocal additional refractive power, while the rest of the form is zone 442 providing refractive power at a distance (peripheral ) In FIG. 5 shows a forming unit under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, consisting of a semi-finished lens blank 51 with an adhesive matrix layer 52, a polymer 53 and a mold 54, the curvature of which corresponds to the curvature of the semi-finished lens blank 51.

Other known coating methods can also be used, for example those that are commonly used to apply a scratch-resistant layer to the surface of a lens.

The outer barrier layer may provide the required optical properties, such as reduced reflection levels. The outer barrier layer may be designed to alter the surface hardness, scratch resistance, surface smoothness or impact properties of the lens. Preferably, in the case where photochromic additives are included in the adhesive matrix layer, the outer barrier layer is essentially a layer that does not block ultraviolet radiation. If ultraviolet radiation is blocked as little as possible, then the activation of photochromic additives is at the least risk. The purpose of the outer barrier layer may be to provide an oxygen barrier and / or an acceptable level of surface hardness and / or a decrease in porosity in order to minimize the release of additives contained in the adhesive matrix layer and to reduce oxygen permeability. Such hardcoat layers preferably have a high crosslink density and a glass transition temperature above 77 ° C.

The foregoing and the following description of the invention and its variants are not intended to limit the invention, but are provided only to illustrate it. Those skilled in the art will be able to formulate further embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Examples

Example 1 The following formulations are prepared by mixing all the ingredients in a flask, then shaking the mixture for 20 minutes at room temperature in the dark:

Weight percent

Monomer / Oligomer Lens 1 Lens 2 Biallyl carbonate 60 5 Alkoxylate Aliphatic diacrylate ether eighteen 22 Tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate 1-hydroxyl twenty 25 Cyclohexylphenyl Ketone 2 3

The experimental setup used is shown in FIG. 2A. The polymer in each case was located in a thin layer in the forming unit, containing: a lens 1 made of biallyl carbonate (CR-39), with a surface that is modified as in US Patent No. 5,316,702, and with a known radius of convexity; a glass mold 2 with a known radius of concavity, which corresponds to a large extent to the convex curvature of the lens; and polymer 3, which is described in the above table, the polymer being a thin layer between the lens and the mold. The thickness of the adhesive matrix layers varies from 0.06 to 0.26 mm by adding elastic spacers at equidistant points along the edge of the mold, then a sufficient amount of polymer is added to fill the space between the mold and the lens placed above the mold and resting on elastic struts. As an example, it was found that without the use of any spacers, the thickness of the cured polymer is 0.07 mm in the lens 2. When using one of the types of elastic spacers, the thickness of the cured adhesive matrix layer increases to 0.16 mm.

The composition of lens 1 hardens in 20 minutes, and the composition of lens 2 hardens in 25 minutes, both of which are exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

The stability of each of the adhesive matrix layers is tested as follows: lenses with glued adhesive matrix layers are immersed in acetone with a degree of purity of the reagent at room temperature. It was found that coatings 1 and 2 remain associated with the lenses after 20 minutes. Then the lenses are removed from the bath with acetone and placed in a dryer at a temperature of 45 ° C overnight. Both lenses are clean, indicating that they are suitable for saturation with additives that can be dissolved in acetone.

The adhesive matrix layers formed on lens 1 and lens 2 are saturated with photochromic additives dissolved in acetone to obtain a 2% (by weight) solution. Additives are dissolved to obtain a clear solution in acetone, then lenses with adhesive matrix outer layers are immersed in this solution and remain in it at room temperature for 5 to 25 minutes. It was found that both lenses (lens 1 and lens 2) absorb the additive in less than 5 minutes. Lens 1 absorbs the additive faster than lens 2. A maximum of 25 minutes after immersion, the lenses are removed from the solution, rinsed in acetone to remove additive deposits from the surface, then dried in an oven at about room temperature (30-45 ° C) overnight .

Then the lenses are coated with an additional polymer layer to obtain correction of the total refractive power and to obtain an external barrier layer, as described by applicants US Patent Nos. 5,178,800, 5,147,585 and 5,219,497. In this process, the shape is chosen so as to provide correction of the total (refractive) ability in the required direction and the required value. The curvature of the shape is determined by the exact ratio, including the curvature of the convexity of the lens with the adhesive matrix layer located on top, so as to obtain a pre-selected final curvature of the convexity after completion of the casting process (coating). As soon as the appropriate form is selected, a certain volume of polymerizable resin of a special composition used for casting, which least prevents the passage of ultraviolet radiation, is measured in this form. Then the lens is simply placed on the polymer mass, distributing the mass with a uniform, thin layer in the distant (peripheral) portion of the mold and lens and a thicker layer in the mold portion providing additional refractive power. The forming unit is then placed in a chamber intended for solidification of the polymer and the polymer solidifies under the influence of ultraviolet radiation and heat. When hardening is completed, the forming unit cools slowly and the lens separates from the mold. The hardened polymer layer forms an optical front (convex) layer on the lens, which turns out to be an adhesive matrix layer located between the new outer barrier layer and the lens base.

Example 2. The established volume of the polymer is placed in a form whose curvature essentially corresponds to the curvature of the optical base. After placing the elastic struts along the edge of the mold, an optical base is installed on these struts so that the polymer layer spreads and fills the space formed between the mold, the optical base and the struts. Then the polymer solidifies, and an optical base is formed with an adhesive matrix layer adhered to it. After removing the form, the optical base and the adhesive matrix layer are immersed in a solvent containing a photochromic additive. An outer barrier layer consisting of G-25, manufactured by Inno-Tech, Inc. of Roanoke, Virginia, is applied over an adhesive matrix layer with a thickness greater than 50 μm using a mold, followed by a photo-curing step. And finally, an additional (optional) layer can be applied that protects against scratches, in which case it is applied on top of the outer barrier layer.

Example 3. The optical base is mounted on a rotating support and the polymer is sprayed on an optical base. The polymer then hardens, thereby forming an optical base with an adhesive matrix layer adhered to it. Then, a solvent that contains a photochromic additive is sprayed onto the optical base with an adhered matrix layer, and then the drying step is performed. The above steps for spraying, hardening, spraying and drying are repeated 3-10 times in order to obtain an adhesive matrix layer impregnated with (additive) 100-250 microns thick. An annealing step is then performed to complete the solidification and remove unreacted monomers. And finally, a hard coating with a thickness of less than 25 microns is applied to the adhesive matrix layer by centrifugation, which essentially does not trap ultraviolet radiation and consists of polyfunctional acrylates. Then, the curing step is carried out.

Example 4. The optical base is mounted on a clamping device and placed in a polymer bath, where photolithography is then used to cure on an optical basis an adhesive matrix layer 100-250 μm thick. Further, the optical base with a glued adhesive matrix layer is removed from the polymer bath, released from the clamping device and placed in the curing chamber to complete the hardening of the adhesive matrix layer. Then the adhesive matrix layer is immersed in a solvent containing a photochromic additive. In conclusion, a hard coating with a thickness of less than 25 microns is applied to the adhesive matrix layer by dipping (immersion), which essentially does not interfere with the passage of ultraviolet radiation and consists of polyfunctional acrylates. Following this, the curing step is performed.

Example 5. The optical base is dipped in a polymer bath, removed and cured by the action of pulses of ultraviolet radiation. A solvent containing one or more photochromic additives is then sprayed onto the resulting optical base with a bonded adhesive matrix layer, and the solvent is instantly evaporated (fused). The above steps of dipping, solidification, spraying and flash evaporation are preferably repeated 3-1 0 times in order to obtain a saturated adhesive matrix layer having a total thickness of 100-250 μm. Subsequently, a final cure step is carried out in the ultraviolet curing chamber in order to complete the curing and remove unreacted monomers. Further, a hard coating with a thickness of less than 25 μm is applied to the adhesive matrix layer by centrifugation, which essentially does not interfere with the passage of ultraviolet radiation and consists of polyfunctional acrylates. Then follows the curing step. In conclusion, the finished product from a photochromic lens undergoes either aging or annealing in order to cause diffusion of the photochromic additives, contained in the form of layers, over the entire total adhesive matrix layer formed.

Example 6. A certain volume of polymerizable resin, which can be cast, is measured in a mold having a section that provides additional (refractive) ability, and a remote (peripheral) section. A lens or semi-finished blank having an adhesive photochromic matrix layer adhered to it is placed on the polymer mass, distributing it in shape with a uniform layer: a thin layer on the remote (peripheral) part of the form and a thicker layer on the form part, providing additional refractive power. The forming unit is then placed in a chamber intended for solidification, and the polymer solidifies under the influence of ultraviolet radiation and heat. When the hardening is completed, the mold assembly cools slowly and then the lens separates from the mold. The hardened polymer layer forms an optical outer barrier layer on the front surface of the lens, the adhesive matrix layer being, in fact, a layer between the new outer barrier layer and the lens base.

Claims (74)

1. An optical product containing an adhesive matrix layer adhered to an optical base, said adhesive matrix layer having a cross-link density of less than 3 mol / L and a glass transition temperature fig) between 10-60 ° C., wherein said adhesive matrix layer contains one or more photochromic additives. 2. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an outer barrier layer adhered to the adhesive matrix layer, wherein the outer barrier layer is substantially impermeable to one or more photochromic additives. 3. An optical product containing an optical base; an adhesive matrix layer comprising one or more photochromic additives, wherein the adhesive matrix layer is glued to the optical base and has a crosslink density of less than 3 mol / L and a glass transition temperature (Tg) between 10-60 ° C; and an outer barrier layer adhered to the adhesion photochromic matrix layer, wherein said outer barrier layer is adhered without using additional adhesive material. 4. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive photochromic matrix layer is deposited on the surface of the optical base selected from the group consisting of the convex surface of the optical base, the concave surface of the optical base and both surfaces: convex and concave, the optical base. 5. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical base is selected from the group consisting of an optical preform, an optical glass, an optical substrate, an optical lens and a semi-finished lens preform. 6. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer has a refractive index that differs from the refractive index of the optical base within 0.05 units of the refractive index. 7. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer is resistant to solvents selected from the group consisting of organic solvents, silicone oils, silicone fluoride oils and fluorocarbons. 8. The optical product according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer barrier layer is a scratch resistant layer. 9. The optical product according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer barrier layer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of more than 70 ° C. 1 0. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more photochromic additives are selected from the group consisting of spiro (indolino) naphthoxazines, spiro (indolino) pyridobenzoxazines, spiro (benzindolino) naphthoxazino and spiro (benzindolino) pyridobenzoxazines. 11. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer contains at least two adhesive matrix sublayer. 1 2. The optical product according to claim 11, characterized in that each of the at least two adhesive matrix matrix sublayers includes a photochromic additive different from the photochromic additive of another sublayer. 13. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a layer of photochromic material between the optical base and the adhesive matrix layer. 14. The optical product according to claim 3, characterized in that it further comprises a layer of photochromic material between the optical base and the adhesive matrix layer. 15. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the crosslink density is less than 2 mol / L. 16. The optical product according to claim 3, characterized in that the density of the transverse bonds is less than 2 mol / L. 17. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the glass transition temperature (Tg) lies in the range of 20-40 ° C. 18. The optical product according to claim 3, characterized in that the glass transition temperature (Tg) lies in the range of 20-40 ° C. 19. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer has a thickness greater than 25 microns. 20. The optical product according to claim 19, characterized in that said thickness has a range from 100 to 250 microns. 21. The optical product according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer contains a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives. 22. The optical product according to claim 11, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer contains a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives. 23. An adhesive matrix layer comprising one or more photochromic additives, wherein the adhesive matrix layer has a crosslink density of less than 3 mol / L and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of between 10-60 ° C. 24. The adhesive matrix layer according to claim 23, wherein said one or more photochromic additives are selected from the group consisting of spiro (indolino) naphthoxazines, spiro (indolino) pyridobenzoxazines, spiro (benzindolino) naphthoxazines and spiro (benzindolino) pyridobenazines. 25. The adhesive matrix layer according to claim 23, wherein the crosslink density is less than 2 mol / L. 26. The adhesive matrix layer according to item 23, wherein the glass transition temperature (Tg) lies in the range of 20 and 40 ° C. 27. The adhesive matrix layer according to claim 23, characterized in that it has a thickness greater than 25 microns. 28. The adhesive matrix layer according to item 27, wherein the thickness of the adhesive matrix layer has a range from 100 to 250 microns. 29. The adhesive matrix layer according to claim 23, characterized in that it contains a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives. 30. A method of manufacturing an optical base with a glued adhesive matrix layer, comprising applying at least one surface of the optical base of an adhesive matrix layer having a crosslink density of less than 3 mol / l and a glass transition temperature (Tg) between 10-60 ° C wherein said adhesive matrix layer contains one or more photochromic additives. 31. A method of manufacturing an optical base with a glued adhesive matrix layer according to claim 30, comprising the steps of: applying an adhesive matrix polymer corresponding to the adhesive matrix layer to the mold to form a coated mold; arranging the coated mold, the auxiliary mold and the backing polymer so that the space between the coated mold and the backing mold is filled with the backing polymer, and so that the volume occupied by said backing polymer matches the shape of the optical backing; and curing the polymer base. 32. The method according to p, characterized in that the polymer corresponding to the material of the hard coating is applied to the mold before said adhesive matrix polymer is applied to said mold. 33. The method according to p. 31, characterized in that the photochromic additive is introduced into said adhesive matrix polymer before curing. 34. The method according to p. 31, characterized in that the photochromic additive is introduced into said adhesive matrix layer after curing. 35. The method according to p, characterized in that it further includes the step of placing the photochromic layer on the mold before coating the mold with an adhesive matrix polymer. 36. The method according to p, characterized in that the photochromic layer is placed in a polymer corresponding to the material of the hard coating, before coating the form with an adhesive matrix polymer. 37. A method of manufacturing an optical base with a glued adhesive matrix layer according to claim 30, characterized in that it includes the steps of applying an adhesive matrix polymer to at least one surface of the optical base; and curing the adhesive matrix polymer to form an adhesive matrix layer. 38. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the adhesive matrix polymer is placed on said at least one surface of the substrate using a mold. 39. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the adhesive matrix polymer is placed on the aforementioned at least one surface of the base by applying it to the optical base by a method selected from the group consisting of a dipping method using a brush device, drip method, spraying, watering, photolithography and centrifugation methods. 40. The method according to § 39, wherein the adhesive matrix polymer is cured simultaneously with the implementation of the aforementioned stage of its application or after this stage. 41. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that it further includes the steps of immersing the optical base in a bath with an adhesive matrix polymer and curing the adhesive matrix polymer on an optical base while the optical base is immersed in an adhesive matrix polymer. 42. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that one or more photochromic additives selected from the group consisting of spiro (indolino) naphthoxazines, spiro (indolino) pyridobenzoxazines, spiro (benzindolino) naphthoxazines and spiro (benzindolino) are introduced into the adhesive matrix layer ) pyridobenzoxazines. 43. The method according to § 42, wherein the photochromic additive is introduced into the adhesive matrix layer from a solvent solution containing one or more photochromic additives using a method selected from the group consisting of immersion using a brush device, drip method, spraying, coating by irrigation and centrifugation, after which the remaining solvent is removed. 44. The method according to item 43, wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of organic solvents, silicone oils and fluoride oils, taken separately or in combination. 45. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that it further includes the implementation of the outer barrier layer on the adhesive matrix layer. 46. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer is subjected to one or more processes selected from the group consisting of aging, annealing, vibration, ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation, for additional scattering of one or more photochromic additives inside the aforementioned adhesive matrix layer. 47. The method according to clause 37, characterized in that it further comprises the step of placing a layer of photochromic material on an optical basis before applying the adhesive matrix polymer. 48. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that photochromic additives are obtained using a method selected from the following group: joint grinding of photochromic additives, dissolution of photochromic additives in a common solvent and evaporation of the solvent, the conclusion of photochromic additives in microcapsules from the polymer layer. 49. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that they use a matrix layer with a cross-link density of less than 2 mol / L. 50. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the glass transition temperature (Tg) lies in the range of 20 and 40 ° C. 51. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer has a thickness greater than 25 microns. 52. The method according to § 51, wherein the thickness of the adhesive matrix layer has a range from 10 to 250 microns. 53. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer contains a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives. 54. A method of manufacturing an optical base with a glued adhesive matrix layer, including: a) applying the first adhesive matrix sublayer to at least one surface of the optical base; and c) applying a second adhesive matrix sublayer to the first adhesive matrix sublayer to obtain a mesh of adhesive matrix sublayers, wherein at least one of the adhesive matrix sublayers has a crosslink density of less than 3 mol / l and a glass transition temperature (Tg) between 10- 60 ° C. 55. The method according to item 54, wherein at least one additional adhesive matrix sublayer is added to the second adhesive matrix sublayer. 56. The method according to item 54, wherein one or more photochromic additives are introduced into the grid of adhesive matrix sublayers. 57. The method according to p, characterized in that one or more of the first photochromic additives is introduced into the first adhesive matrix sublayer after step (a), and one or more second photochromic additives is introduced into the first adhesive matrix sublayer after step (c). 58. The method according to clause 57, wherein one or more of the first photochromic additives are different from one or more second photochromic additives. 59. The method according to clause 57, wherein the one or more first photochromic additives are the same as one or more second photochromic additives. 60. The method according to p, characterized in that one or more photochromic additives are introduced into the grid of adhesive matrix sublayers at the first stage. 61. The method according to item 54, characterized in that it further includes the step of obtaining an outer barrier layer on the adhesive matrix layer. 62. The method of claim 61, wherein the outer barrier layer is a layer selected from the group consisting of a scratch resistant polymer, a non-reflective polymer, a polymer impervious to photochromic additives, and a polymer impermeable to oxygen . 63. The method according to p, characterized in that the outer barrier layer is obtained using the coating method selected from the group consisting of molding, injection molding using a brush device, drip method, spraying, watering method, photolithography method and centrifugation method wherein a polymer corresponding to the outer barrier layer is applied to the adhesive matrix layer. 64. The method according to p, characterized in that the outer barrier layer includes a zone with additional refractive power. 65. The method according to p, characterized in that the adhesive matrix layer and the outer barrier layer are additionally coated with the outer layer of the hard coating. 66. The method according to item 54, wherein the first and second adhesive matrix sublayers are exposed to one or more processes selected from the group consisting of aging, annealing, vibration and infrared irradiation, to scatter one or more photochromic additives inside the adhesive matrix layer. 67. The method according to p, characterized in that the adhesive matrix sublayer is exposed to one or more processes that ensure the dispersion of the photochromic additive, until the curing of the adhesive matrix sublayer. 68. The method according to p, characterized in that the adhesive matrix sublayers are exposed to one or more processes that ensure the dispersion of the photochromic additive during the curing phase of the adhesive matrix sublayers. 69. The method according to p, characterized in that the adhesive matrix sublayer is exposed to one or more processes that ensure the dispersion of the photochromic additive, after the stage of curing the adhesive matrix sublayers. 70. The method according to item 54, wherein it further comprises the step of placing a layer of photochromic material on an optical basis to obtain the first adhesive matrix sublayer. 71. The method according to p. 56, characterized in that photochromic additives are obtained using a method selected from the following group: joint grinding of photochromic additives, dissolution of photochromic additives in a common solvent and evaporation of the solvent, the conclusion of photochromic additives in microcapsules from the polymer layer. FIG. one FIG. 2A 72. The method according to item 54, wherein using a matrix layer with a crosslink density of less than 2 mol / L. 73. The method according to item 54, wherein the glass transition temperature (TD) lies in the range of 20 and 40 ° C. 74. The method according to item 54, wherein the adhesive matrix layer contains a mixture of two or more acrylates, methacrylates, allyl derivatives or vinyl derivatives.