EA000326B1 - Method of separating intermixed materials of different specific gravity - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A method of separating intermixed particulate materials of different specific gravity in a slurry comprising: providing a centrifuge bow) having a peripheral wall and an open mouth; rotating the bowl about a longitudinal axis so as to rotate the peripheral wall around the axis; feeding the materials to the bowl so as to pass over the peripheral wall and causing heavier particles to tend to collect on the peripheral wall while lighter particles tend to escape in the slurry over the open mouth; defining in the materials collected on the peripheral wall an inner surface of the materials over which the fed materials pass at which the heavier particles collect; defining around the peripheral surface at least one annular recess spaced outwardly of the inner surface; providing in the recess a plurality of angularly spaced discharge ports at an outer surface of the recess, each for allowing materials collecting at the recess to discharge outwardly from the peripheral wall; collecting the outwardly discharged materials; and injecting fluidising liquid into the annular recess through a series of angularly spaced injection ports; characterized in the step of: providing for each discharge port a respective one of a plurality of deflection guide bodies each supported within the recess radially inwardly of the respective discharge port; arranging the injection ports and the deflection guide bodies to allow flow of the injection fluid around the annular recess; and shaping and arranging the deflection guide bodies relative to the respective discharge ports such that material is drawn from the inner surface at the recess over an area which forms a substantial part of the inner surface at the recess. 2. The method according to Claim 1 wherein each body is substantially circular in a cross-section at right angles to an imaginary line from the respective discharge port to the axis of the bowl. 3. The method according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein each body is mounted in the recess on a rod member having rod portions extending upwardly and downwardly respectively of the body such that the rod portions bridge across the recess generally parallel to the axis of the bowl. 4. The method according to Claim 1,2 or 3 including: providing a first and a second annular recess at axially spaced areas along the bowl, each having a plurality of said angularly spaced discharge ports at an outer surface of the respective recess for allowing materials collecting on the inner surface at the recess to discharge outwardly from the peripheral wall for collection; providing for each of the discharge ports of the first and second recesses valve means for controlling discharge of the materials from the respective recess; controlling each valve in a series of pulses so as to open and close the valve repeatedly to discharge the material in sequential portions; controlling the valve means of the first recess separately from those of the second recess respectively so as to provide for each of said first and second recesses different discharge characteristics to provide different concentrations of the heavier particles relative to the lighter particles in the materials collected; and collecting the outwardly discharged materials from the second recess separately from the materials from the first recess. 5. A method of separating intermixed particulate materials of different specific gravity in a slurry comprising: providing a centrifuge bowl having a peripheral wall and an open mouth; rotating the bowl about a longitudinal axis so as to rotate the peripheral wall around the axis; feeding the materials to the bowl so as to pass over the peripheral wall and causing heavier particles to collect on the peripheral wall while lighter particles in the slurry escape over the open mouth; providing on the peripheral surface a first and a second annular collection area with the second axially spaced downstream of the first; providing in the first and second areas a plurality of angularly spaced discharge ports, each for allowing materials collecting at the area to discharge outwardly from the peripheral wall; providing for each of the discharge ports of the first and second areas valve means for controlling discharge of the materials from the respective area, controlling each valve in a series of pulses so as to open and dose the valve repeatedly to discharge the material in sequential portions; and collecting the outwardly discharged materials; characterized in the steps of: separately controlling the valve means of the first and second areas respectively so as to provide for each of said first and second areas different discharge characteristics to provide different concentrations of the heavier particles relative to lighter particles in the materials collected; and collecting the outwardly discharged materials from the second area separately from the materials from the first area. 6. The method according to Claim 4 or 5 wherein the valves of the first area are commonly controlled for simultaneous operation and the valves of the second area are commonly controlled for simultaneous operation. 7. The method according to Claim 4, 5 or 6 wherein the valves of the first and second areas are controlled such that a total period that the valves of the second area are open is greater than that of the first so as to discharge a greater volume of material from the second area. 8. The method according to Claim 4, 5, 6 or 7 wherein the bowl has a support shaft, wherein the valves of the first area are controlled by a first fluid supply circuit having a portion thereof extending along the shaft, wherein the valves of the second area are controlled by a second fluid supply circuit having a portion thereof extending along the shaft, and wherein the first and second fluid supply circuits include coaxially arranged first and second duct portions extending along the shaft, each duct portion being supplied with fluid from a separate first and second stationary swivel coupling mounted on the shaft. 9. The method according to Claim 8 wherein the swivel couplings are arranged at axial ly spaced positions. 10. The method according to Claim 8 or 9 wherein fluidising liquid is supplied to the bowl through the peripheral wall, including supplying the fluidising liquid through a duct portion of the shaft coaxial with said first and second duct portions of the fluid circuits.

Description

The present invention relates to a device and method for separating mixed materials of different specific gravity and, in particular, to a device containing a rotating drum having outlet channels, allowing to capture heavier materials for release under the action of centrifugal forces out of the drum to collect them.

One example of a device of this type is described in US Pat. No. 5,338,284 issued to the author of this application, in which the centrifuge drum has a peripheral wall, the drum rotates around a longitudinal axis, so that the peripheral wall rotates around an axis and separates materials using centrifugal force on the peripheral wall passing along this wall. The device includes a plurality of axial trapping zones, each of which has a plurality of outlet channels spaced at an angle so that the materials remaining in the trapping zones go outside the drum for collection. The exhaust is controlled by exhaust valves.

Another device is described in the international application, the publication number of which is W0 93/13864 filed by McAlister.

One objective of the present invention is the improvement of the above device, proposed by the author of this application, to ensure the possibility of separation efficiency.

In accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for separating mixed powder materials of different specific gravity, comprising a centrifuge drum having a peripheral wall and an open inlet;

rotation of the drum around the longitudinal axis so that the peripheral wall rotates around this axis;

loading materials into the drum so that they pass along the peripheral wall, and the inducement of the heavier part of the materials is trapped on the peripheral wall, while the lighter part of the materials comes out of the open entrance part;

the restriction of materials caught on the peripheral wall by the internal surface of the materials along which the feed materials pass;

the formation on the peripheral wall of at least one axially localized zone for trapping heavier materials, while lighter materials pass through this zone for release;

education in the area on the peripheral wall of the cavity, passing in the outward direction from the inner surface;

performing in this zone a plurality of angled apart discharge channels on the outer surface of the cavity, each channel allowing to release materials deposited in this cavity outward from the peripheral wall;

trapping materials expelled in the outward direction;

enabling the material entering the exhaust channel to form, in general, a conical configuration extending in the angular and axial directions, which is essentially free from restriction by the cavity walls, having a top at the exhaust channel and a base on the inner surface, the shape and the depth of the cavity is chosen with respect to the outlet channels spaced at an angle such that the bases of the cones intersect at least substantially on the inner surface.

In accordance with the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for separating mixed powder materials of different specific gravity, comprising a centrifuge drum having a peripheral wall and an open inlet part;

rotating the drum around the longitudinal axis so that the peripheral wall rotates around this axis;

loading materials into the drum so that they pass along the peripheral wall, and the inducement of the heavier part of the materials is trapped on the peripheral wall, while the lighter part of the materials comes out of the open entrance part;

the restriction of materials caught on the peripheral wall by the internal surface of the materials along which the feed materials pass;

the formation on the peripheral wall of at least one axially localized zone for trapping heavier materials, while lighter materials pass through this zone for release;

formation in the area around the peripheral wall of the cavity extending outward from the inner surface;

performing in this zone a plurality of angled apart discharge channels on the outer surface of the cavity, each channel allowing to release materials deposited in this cavity outward from the peripheral wall;

trapping materials expelled in the outward direction;

performing, for each outlet channel, a guide for the deviation of the flow of materials and maintaining the guide deviation of the flow radially inward from the outlet channel;

maintaining the flow deflection guide so that the materials pass along each deflected side of the flow deflection guide and also along each axially spaced side of the flow deflection guide.

In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, a method for separating mixed powder materials of different specific gravity is proposed, comprising a centrifuge drum having a peripheral wall and an open inlet;

rotating the drum around the longitudinal axis so that the peripheral wall rotates around this axis;

feeding the loaded materials into the drum to pass along the peripheral wall and to induce the heavier part of the materials to be trapped on the peripheral wall, while the rest of the lighter part of the loaded materials leaves the open inlet part;

the formation on the peripheral wall with the possibility of rotation with it, at least one of the first, localized in the axial direction, the annular cavity, passing radially outward from the peripheral wall, to trap heavier materials, while these lighter materials pass over the first cavity for release;

the formation on the peripheral wall with the possibility of rotation with it, at least one second, localized in the axial direction, the annular cavity passing radially outward from the peripheral wall, to trap heavier materials, while these lighter materials pass over the second cavity for release, with the second cavity located downstream along the first cavity;

the implementation of the exhaust means in the first and second cavities on the outer surface, and each means is intended to release in the outward direction from the peripheral wall of the materials deposited in the cavity;

trapping materials released outward from the first cavity;

capturing materials discharged in the outward direction from the second cavity separately from materials discharged from the first cavity, and returning materials from the second cavity to the loaded materials.

In accordance with the fourth aspect of the present invention, a method for separating mixed powder materials of different specific gravity is proposed, comprising a centrifuge drum having a peripheral wall and an open inlet part;

rotating the drum around the longitudinal axis so that the peripheral wall rotates around this axis;

the supply of materials to the drum for passage along the peripheral wall and the inducement of the heavier part of the materials to be caught on the peripheral wall, while the lighter part of the materials exits along the open inlet part;

the formation on the peripheral wall with the possibility of rotation with it, at least one of the first, localized in the axial direction, the annular cavity, passing radially outward from the peripheral wall, to trap heavier materials, while these lighter materials pass over the first cavity for release;

the formation on the peripheral wall with the possibility of rotation with it, at least one second, localized in the axial direction, the annular cavity, passing radially outward from the peripheral wall, to trap heavier materials, then, as these lighter materials pass over the second cavities for release, with the second cavity located downstream along the first cavity;

the implementation of the first and second exhaust means in the first and second cavities on the outer surface of the corresponding cavity, and each means is intended for release in the outward direction from the peripheral wall of the material deposited in the cavity;

equipment of each of the first and second exhaust means valve means for regulating the release of materials from the cavity;

the capture of materials produced in the outward direction of the first and second cavities; and performing first and second regulating means for separately controlling valve means of the first and second cavities in order to create different exhaust characteristics for each of said cavities to obtain different concentrations of the materials to be collected.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, where FIG. 1 is a vertical section in which the first embodiment of the centrifugal separator according to the present invention is schematically shown, FIG. 2 is a cross section along line 2-2 shown in FIG. . 1, FIG. 3 is a vertical section, similar to the section shown in FIG. 1, but executed on a larger scale, FIG. 4 is a vertical section, similar to the section shown in FIG. 1, an additional embodiment of the present invention, in which some are illustrated modifications and improvements, figure 5 is an enlarged image of one part of the device shown in figure 4, figure 6 is an enlarged image of another part of the device shown in figure 4.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 1-3, is a modified version of the device described in the aforementioned US Pat. No. 5,338,284 issued to the author of this application, which is a centrifugal separator having a plurality of annular cavities separated from each other, each cavity having a plurality of outlet channels spaced at an angle. The operation of each exhaust channel is regulated by means of an exhaust valve. The material exiting the outlet valve is trapped.

For additional items shown schematically in the drawings in this description, refer to the above patent.

As follows from FIG. 1-3, the device comprises a centrifugal drum 10 having an inner wall 11 and an outer case 12, forming between themselves a space 13 for fluidizing water supplied through the channel 15 of the hollow drive shaft 14. The drive shaft is connected to the drum for joint rotation of the inner part and the outer case through this shaft. The shaft is mounted on bearings 16 and is driven in rotation by means of the actuator 17 indicated.

The inner part of the drum forms the base part 18, having the shape of a truncated cone, the first annular cavity 19 and the second annular cavity 20. Thus, this configuration is modified compared to the known device in that there are only two cavities, and the basic part has a wall along the shape of a truncated cone extending from the flat base 21, onto which feed material is fed through the loading channel 22. Thus, the materials are distributed in the outward direction through contact interaction with the flat base 21 and with the wall 18 having the shape of a truncated cone, in order to rotate and move upward along the peripheral wall of the drum. The base and the wall having the shape of a truncated cone are covered with a facing layer 23. The facing layer 23 is also applied in cavities 19 and 20. Each of the second cavities 19 and 20 has, as a rule, a rectangular cross-section, as shown in figure 1, but the facing material profile so that its thickness increased towards the base of the cavity, giving, thus, the cavity, as a rule, V-shaped configuration. In some embodiments, the facing layer is absent or has a constant thickness, so that the cavities are rectangular, as shown in the left side of FIG. one.

The drum in the area of the cavities is formed by two annular disk-shaped walls 24 and 25 connected by a cylindrical base wall 26. The facing layer 23, as shown in the right side of FIG. 1, has a constant thickness on some part of the side walls 2 and 25, and then its thickness increases , giving the cavity a V-shaped configuration. Figure 3 shows the material of the cladding layer having an ever-increasing thickness throughout the cavity, forming continuously converging walls.

The base walls 26 of the cavities are spaced from the cylindrical wall 28 of the outer casing to form a space between them into which liquid or fluidizing water can penetrate for ejection through two or three rows of holes 30 in the base wall 26 in the inside of the cavity.

The base wall 26 of each cavity has a number of outlet channels 29 spaced at an angle along the periphery of the cavity, as best seen in FIG. 2. These outlets are typically in the form described in the above patent, except that these channels do not have injection holes for injecting water into the cavity. These channels are simply outlet channels with a longitudinal direction of flow, the outer end of which has a connection with the outlet valve, as indicated above, to regulate the amount of material produced.

As shown in FIG. 2, the injection holes 30 are deflected relative to the radius of the drum so as to direct the ejection of liquid tangentially to the drum in order to liquefy the materials in the cavity.

Cavities are modified compared to the cavities described in the above patent, in that the depth of the cavity is significantly increased, and the flow deflection guide 32 is additionally provided at each of the exhaust channels 29. Each flow deflection guide 32 is located in the radial direction inward of the corresponding discharge channel so that its location is separated from the outlet channel in the direction towards the inside of the drum, but located in the cavity. Various configurations of flow deflection guides may be used, but in the device shown, the flow deflection guide 32 has a spherical configuration. Each flow deflection guide 32 is supported by two support levers 33 and 34 extending in a vertical direction from the flow guide. The support arms 33 and 34 are connected to the facing layer 23 by means of contact interaction in two grooves 34 A formed in the upper and lower side walls of the cavity so that the flow deflection guide 32 can move in the radial direction of the drum outward and be held in a predetermined position by centrifugal forces acting on the flow guide, and friction forces that occur when the contact interaction of the support levers with grooves. The radial position of the flow deflection guide can be adjusted by bending the support arms.

For this reason, the separation of materials takes place, as a rule, in the entrance of the cavities and between the walls 24, 25. The separation takes place at the inner surface of the material, indicated by a pos. 35, where heavier materials are trapped in the cavities between walls 24 and 25. More legge materials pass over the trapping zone bounded by cavities and through the open inlet of the drum to the trapping device 36. Heavier materials deposited in each of the cavities move in the direction out through the exhaust channels 29 and into the catching device 37.

The location of the flow deflection guides directly in front of the discharge channels creates resistance to the material in the radial direction to prevent material overpressure in the radial direction outward to the discharge channels. Obviously, in the absence of guiding flow deflection, the centrifugal forces acting on the material will press the material against the discharge channels, creating a very high pressure in these places. The flow deflection guides remove some of this pressure and transfer it to the drum wall, while the material can slide along the flow deflection guide from the top and bottom, as shown in figure 3, and from the sides, as shown in figure 2.

For this reason, the feed zone to each outlet channel has, in general, a conical configuration with a top at the outlet channel on the axis of the cone extending in the radial direction inside the drum. Thus, the cone converges in the outward direction to the outlet channel around the flow deflection guide, and the angle of taper depends on the slip of the material, which depends on the angle of change of the direction of movement of the material. In addition, the material is fluidized by ejecting water through the holes 30, preventing the material from being drained by high centrifugal forces and, thus, the formation of a fixed wedge of material in front of the discharge channel.

However, the depth of the cavity is changed compared with the previous device in that, as shown in FIG. 2, the cone of the feed zone in front of each outlet channel converges so that the bases 35A, 35B of the cones intersect on the inner surface 35 of the material. In addition, the cone is positioned, as shown in FIG. 1, so that the side surfaces 35C of the feed zone cone extend close to the walls 24, 25. For this reason, the feed zone is limited by the configuration of the inner surface 35, which has a substantially circular shape, with round configurations of individual zones overlap in order to provide material flow from essentially the entire inner surface of the cavities 19 and 20. Thus, the separation of the material on the inner surface ensures the formation on the inner surface of the layer more elogo material, which is then captured and gradually fed out from the outlet channels 29.

In one exemplary embodiment, the height of each cavity in the axial direction is approximately 6 inches (152.4 mm) and the depth of the cavities in the radial direction also has a size of the order of 6 inches (152.4 mm), and such dimensions provide a feed zone of approximately having the configuration shown.

The shape of the facing layer, essentially corresponding to the shape of the feed cone, as shown in the right side of FIG. 1, helps to avoid the formation of fixed material zones in the cavities. However, the fluidization of the material in the cavity through injection holes 30 provides a constant movement of material in the cavity to enter the feed area of each outlet channel. However, the main effect of the discharge channels is to trap material from the inner surface 35 and gradually move this material outward to the discharge channel. The flow deflection guide 32 helps to increase the taper angle of the flow in order to increase the size of the flow zone on the inner surface.

From figure 3 it can be seen that the inner surface 35 of the material in the cavity is bounded by the inner edges 24A and 25A of the side walls 24 and 25 and that the inner surface of the cavity 19 is thus in the shape of a truncated cone having a taper angle corresponding or substantially equal to the inner corner the surface of part 18 of the drum. The length of the drum part 18 is set so that it is sufficient so that the layer of material from the loading channel 22 is aligned under the action of centrifugal forces in the form of a layer 22A having a substantially constant thickness in the upper portion of the drum part 18 as the materials of the layer 22A approach the inner surface 35. Thus, in the place where the materials enter the region of the inner surface 35, they move straight, parallel to the inner surface 35, without taking the material from the cavity. For this reason, separation occurs when the flow of materials smoothly passes along the inner surface 35, replacing heavier materials with lighter materials, as happens in conventional centrifuges. Thus, heavier materials are trapped in the cavity, and lighter materials pass with layer 22A to the next cavity for additional separation and final discharge from the inlet.

In some cases, it may be desirable to insert a perforated film of rigid material 35X disposed in the plane of the inner surface 35. The perforated material 35X may be formed from a metal mesh or similar perforated rigid material forming a frusto-conical section that is attached to the inner edges 24A and 25A to hold in place. Thus, this perforated section helps to direct the flow of material 22A along the inner surface 35 and additionally prevents the flow of material into the cavity. Such penetration, if it occurs, will result in the extraction of heavier materials from the cavity and their return to the material flow 22A, which will lead to the loss of these heavier materials.

Figure 4 shows a modification of the device shown in figure 1, to illustrate an additional structural element of the housing, grooves 36A and shaft 14. In addition, the section shown in figure 1 is modified to show the additional elements of the channels that feed the control air to exhaust valves 42. Thus, each row of exhaust valves contains a feed channel that supplies working air to a corresponding row of exhaust valves, the feed channel being fed through the channels from the collector device provided on the shaft 14.

The device shown in FIG. 4 is further modified by inserting the third cavity 50 down the processing chain of the arrangement of the cavities 19 and 20. The third cavity 50 is essentially identical to the first two cavities and has a slightly increased diameter, and this increase in diameter corresponds to an increase in the diameter of the second cavity 20 in compared with the diameter of the first cavity 19, associated with the conical shape of the drum wall.

As described above, the material discharged from the cavities 19 and 20 is trapped in the chute 37A, and the materials discharged through the inlet portion of the drum are trapped in the chute 36A. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, an additional chute 51 is provided that catches material only from cavity 50 and supplies this material to pump 52. Downstream along the process chain, pump 52 is equipped with a manually controlled valve 52A, through which material can be returned to load the material into the loading channel 22 or to feed the material to trap the concentrate. In an alternative device, the drum may have only two cavities, and the concentrate from the first cavity is captured separately from the concentrate from the second and passes to the pump for selective feed to the load or to the concentrate, depending on the quality of the material being processed.

Thus, a third (or second) concentrating annular cavity 50 is provided as an annular cleaning cavity. The contents of this annular cavity are continuously discharged through the exhaust valves into the chute 51 and, when the pump is connected by means of the valve 52A, it returns to the loading channel of the machine. The quality of the concentrate from the annular cleaning cavity is not high enough to be discharged into the concentrate stream from chute 37A, but contains a number of valuable components that should be removed. Thus, the recirculation of the outlet from the cavity 50 to the loading device of the machine will ensure the supply of valuable components from the annular cleaning cavity to one of the two lower annular cavities for later discharge in the form of a concentrate.

Another modification relates to the mounting of the support arm 34, which is supported by the supporting members 38A, extending in the axial direction, which extend radially outward from the lever, as shown in FIG. 2 by the reference number 38 A, so as to keep the lever in the desired position in the middle part of the cavity while centering relative to the central axis of the drum. The number of supporting elements 38A can be selected in accordance with the requirements of the design, but so that they are located between the discharge channels and, thus, between the flow deflection guides 32.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show the elements of the valve control system 42. The valves 42 of the cavity 50 are typically controlled by means of the liquid supply channel 60, which is separated from the channel 61 of the cavities 19 and 20. This allows the valves 42 of the cavity 50 to operate in a pulsed mode with a speed pulses, which is greater than the speed of the valves of the cavities 19 and 20 so as to entrap more material. Thus, to increase the amount of material being released, the total period when the valves are open for cavity 50 is longer than the total period during which the valves are open for cavities 19 and 20. In some cases this can be obtained not by increasing the speed of the pulses, but by increasing the periods pulses.

The pulsation of the valves certainly has an effect on the release of material from consecutive parts. All valves of the corresponding cavity are open simultaneously by providing pulses of fluid in the corresponding delivery channel 60, 61.

Figure 5 shows the connection of the feed channels 60 and 61 with the shaft hub 62. The shaft is formed by three concentric pipes 63, 64 and 65. A first annular channel 66 is provided between pipes 63 and 64. A second annular channel 67 is provided between pipes 65 and 64 and a third channel 68 inside central pipe 65. Channel 61 is connected to channel 68 by one or more tubes 69 passing in the radial direction through the hub 62. Similarly, the channel 67 is connected to the channel 60 by a plurality of tubes 70 passing in the radial direction that are axially displaced from the tubes 69. Thus, the tubes 69 are connected to the can scarlet 68 at the very end of the canals. The channel 68 ends at the section spaced axially from the end of the pipe 65, since pipe 64 ends at the section spaced axially from the end of the pipe 65. The hub 62 includes an assembly 71 which has a threaded hole 72 in which the end of the pipe 64 is installed. Node 71 additionally has a boring hole 73, which includes a pipe 65, providing the end portion of the channel 68, which communicates with the tubes 69. The block 71 is installed at the end of the pipe 63 and to close its end. At the lower end of the node 71, a plurality of channels 74 are provided, which extend radially outward from the junction with the annular channel 66 in the pipe 63.

The hub 62 further comprises a sleeve 75 and an outer sleeve 76. The sleeve 75 is directly located around the outer part of the pipe 63. The sleeve 76 is spaced from the sleeve 75 and restricts the annular channel connected to the channels 74 and extends to the hole in the wall 77 of the base of the outer casing or jacket. Thus, the water supplied through the shaft channel 66 passes through the radial channel 74 and through the annular channel between the sleeves 75 and 76 to the base 77 and through it to liquefy in the drum, as described above.

Pipe 63 limits the outer surface of the shaft, which is installed in the bearings 16, as described earlier. The pipe 63 extends beyond the lowest bearing 16 and is in contact with the pulley of the drive 17 and ends at this drive. The pipe 63 is screwed at its lower end onto a swivel 79 for ejecting water into a rotating shaft bounded by a pipe 63. The hinge is a product manufactured on an industrial basis and commonly used on rotating elements of this type to eject fluid into the rotating shaft. In this case, the pipes 64 and 65 pass through the swivel 79 to connect the second swivel 80 to supply fluid to the channels 67 and 68. The swivel 79 has at its lower end a male threaded part 82, onto which a lid 83 is screwed, closing the lower end of the swivel connections and preventing leakage of water from the lower end of this connection. The cover 83 comprises a spring 85, a spring-loaded seal 84 in a downward direction, to ensure the contact interaction of the seal 86 with the washer 87 on the lower end of the cover 83. The seal washer 87 is held in place by means of an end disc flange 88 bolted to the cover 83.

All tubes 63, 64 and 65 forming the shaft usually rotate with hub 62 as the drum rotates. The swivel 79 is stationary, so that the pipe 63 rotates in this connection.

The second swivel 80 includes a cap 89, which is attached to the lower ends of the tubes 64 and 65 for rotation with them. The cap 89 includes a female threaded portion 90, into which the male threaded portion of the pipe 64 is screwed. The seals 91 and 92 prevent fluid from leaking out of the pipes 64 and 65, respectively. The cover 89 has a central channel 93 communicating with the channel 68. This cover additionally has a plurality of channels 94 spaced around the central channel 93 and communicating with the cavity 95 of the bore hole in the end cover 89 communicating with the channel 67. The end cover 89 is bolted 96 to the bottom part 97 swivel. The lower part of the swivel 80 is a product manufactured on an industrial basis, having a top cover 98 that rotates with the cover 89, and a lower part that remains stationary and connected to the corresponding supply channels (not shown) for supplying fluid to the channels 93 and 94.

Thus, as shown, a single shaft provides a supply of fluidizing water through the outer annular channels along with the supply of control fluid through the central circular channel and through the inner annular channel. However, if necessary, an additional pipe may be provided in the shaft structure to provide four coaxially spaced channels. These four channels are then used to supply a fluidizing fluid and to provide three flows of control fluid, each designed to control the corresponding one of the valves of the cavities 19, 20 and 50. Such a device allows each of the cavities to be individually controlled to provide corresponding discharge characteristics in accordance with the number concentrate trapped in a particular cavity.

Claims (10)

CLAIM 1. The method of separation of mixed powder materials of different specific gravities in suspension, including the rotation of the centrifuge drum having a peripheral wall and an open inlet, around the longitudinal axis together with the peripheral wall, loading materials into the drum to ensure their further passage along the peripheral wall and inducing heavier particles are trapped on the peripheral wall, and lighter particles escape from the open inlet in suspension, restriction of materials trapped on the peripheral wall ke, the inner surface of the materials along which the feed materials pass and heavier particles are trapped, the formation on the peripheral wall of at least one annular cavity extending outward from the indicated inner surface, the execution of the plurality of outlet channels spaced apart at an angle , each of which allows you to release materials deposited in the cavity outward from the peripheral wall, as well as the capture of materials released outward and ejected the introduction of fluidizing fluid into the annular cavity through a series of injection channels spaced apart at an angle, characterized in that it also includes supplying each outlet channel to a respective one of the plurality of flow deflection guides, each of which is supported in the cavity radially inward from the corresponding outlet channel the placement of injection channels and flow deflection guides with the possibility of passage of the ejected fluid flow into the annular cavity and profiling and azmeschenie directing the flow deflection relative to the respective outlet channels so as to separate material from the inner surface of the cavity zones constituting a substantial part of the inner surface of the cavity. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each flow deflection guide has a substantially circular cross section drawn at right angles to an imaginary line drawn from the corresponding outlet channel to the axis of the drum. 3. The method according to π. 1 or 2, characterized in that each guide deviation of the flow is installed in the cavity on the rod having parts extending up and down relative to the guide deviation of the flow with the formation of a jumper in the cavity, usually parallel to the axis of the drum. 4. The method according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it also provides for the formation of the first and second annular cavities spaced axially along the drum, each of which has a plurality of said outlet channels spaced apart at an angle in the outer surface of the corresponding cavity for enable release to collect materials trapped on the inner surface of the cavity, outward from the peripheral wall, supplying each outlet channel with valve means of the first and second cavities for regulating the release of materials from the corresponding cavity, the regulation of each valve means by successive pulses to ensure its repeated opening and closing to release material in successive parts, the regulation of the valve means of the first cavity independently of the valve means of the second cavity, to provide each of these cavities with different discharge characteristics and different concentrations of heavier particles relative to lighter particles in captured materials, and the capture of matter fishing out from the second cavity, regardless of the materials from the first cavity. 5. The method of separation of mixed powder materials of different specific gravities in suspension, including the rotation of the centrifuge drum having a peripheral wall and an open inlet, around the longitudinal axis together with the peripheral wall, loading materials into the drum to ensure their further passage along the peripheral wall and inducing heavier particles are trapped on the peripheral wall, and lighter particles leave the suspension in the open inlet, the formation of the first and second rings on the peripheral wall the main capture zones, the second of which is located from the first bottom along the processing chain, the implementation in the first and second zones of the set, spaced apart at an angle of the outlet channels, each of which allows you to release materials deposited in the zone outward from the peripheral wall, as well as the capture of materials outward, characterized in that it also includes supplying each outlet channel of the first and second zones with valve means for regulating the release of materials from the corresponding zone, each valve means with successive pulses to ensure that it opens and closes repeatedly to release material in successive parts and the valve means of the first and second zones are separately controlled to provide each of the first and second zones with different discharge characteristics and different concentrations of heavier particles relative to lighter particles in captured materials and the collection of materials released out of the second zone, regardless of the materials from the first zone. 6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the valve means of the first zone, as a rule, regulate among themselves for simultaneous operation, and the valves of the second zone, as a rule, adjust among themselves for simultaneous operation. 7. The method according to claims 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the valve means of the first and second zones are adjusted so that the total opening time of the valve means of the second zone is greater than the total opening time of the valve means of the first zone to release more material from the second zone . 8. The method according to PP.4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the drum is performed with a bearing shaft, while the valve means of the first zone are controlled by the first fluid supply circuit, part of which passes along the shaft, and the valves of the second zone are controlled by the second a fluid supply circuit, a portion of which extends along the shaft, the first and second fluid supply circuits FIG. 1 have coaxial first and second channels extending along the shaft, each of which is supplied with fluid from separate first and second stationary articulated joints mounted on the shaft. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the swivel joints are set apart from each other in the axial direction. 10. The method according to p. 8 or 9, characterized in that the fluidizing fluid is supplied to the drum through a peripheral wall, including the supply of this fluid through a channel of the shaft, coaxially located to the specified first and second channels of the fluid supply circuits.