DK2884033T3

DK2884033T3 - Fire protection contact and arrangement for this

Info

Publication number: DK2884033T3
Application number: DK14004193.0T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Andreas Grathwol; Oliver Eckerle; Gerold Stauss
Original assignee: Hekatron Vertriebs Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-12-12
Filing date: 2014-12-12
Publication date: 2017-09-18
Also published as: DE102013113956B4; ES2639780T3; EP2884033A1; EP2884033B1; PL2884033T3; DE102013113956A1

Description

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to a fire protection switch for arrangement on a fire and/or smoke control door or an arrangement of one or more fire protection switches and a fire and/or smoke control door which closes an opening at least in the event of a fire. Such fire switches are provided with a smoke detector and a triggering device. When the smoke detector has detected smoke, a retaining device is triggered and a fire and/or smoke control door held by the retaining device in an open position is released for movement into a closed position.

Fire protection switches of the described type, doors which are to be kept closed should, in exceptional cases, be able to keep fire and/or smoke control doors open, wherein a reliable closing of the relevant door in the event of an alarm must be ensured.

These fire protection switches are frequently installed in a housing above the fire and/or smoke control door with further components, in particular also components of the retaining device or system. When installing, care must be taken so far to ensure that a minimum distance between the housing top edge and the door lintel or the ceiling located above is maintained so that the smoke to be detected can flow through the housing and the sensing zone of the smoke detector and can be detected.

However, this distance, which is absolutely essential for safe smoking detection, is often undesirable aesthetically in many respects by architects. Installation instructions are often ignored and the required minimum spacing during the installation is not observed or even the remaining joint between the housing and the door lintel or the ceiling is sealed with silicone. US Pat. No. 3,908,309 discloses an arrangement of a fire protection switch on a fire and/or smoke control door according to the preamble of Claim 1. US 3, 908,309 may solve the different problem of a premature closing of fire and smoke control doors that can be caused by smoke detectors which are mounted remotely from the door on the ceiling. The smoke detection of these detectors can cause doors to be closed at an early stage, even though they still have to be passed and are still suitable for escape. To solve this problem, US 3,908,309 suggests arranging a smoke detector directly in the door frame. However, there is the risk here that smoke or even fire may penetrate into adjacent fire zones if the detection is delayed. Even in the case of the problem described in US Pat. No. 3, 908,309, the smoke must first penetrate into the housing of the smoke detector in order to be able to be detected, which leads to delays in the smoking detection, which are particularly critical in this installation position of the smoke detector. The smoke detector of US Pat. No. 3, 908,309 has openings on one side of the door through which smoke must penetrate the detector in order to be detected there. If there is a fire on the side of the door, which faces away from the openings and smoke flows through the door, then the flow direction of the smoke is opposite to that which would be necessary for smoke to penetrate the detector. This leads to further significant delays in smoke detection. This makes it clear that unacceptable delays in the fire detection can occur if smoke or fire gases have to penetrate into the housing of a fire protection switch and the penetration openings additionally lie aside a smoke-gas transporting path.

From DE 10 2005 045 484, an aerosol detector has been disclosed which is mounted above a door and detects an aerosol when approximately equal distances are measured in distance measurements in different directions. This smoke detection principle requires a very high smoke concentration for a reliable smoke detection principle, since smoke then is only detected on the basis of the smoke density in all directions if only equally large distances are measured, i.e., distances which are smaller than the shortest distance between the sensor and its nearest surface. With such a high smoke density, the visibility is already limited to a few meters, so that an orientation would already be impossible and closing a fire and/or smoke control door would therefore be much too late .

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an arrangement of a fire protection switch on a fire and/or smoke control door having a triggering device, wherein the fire protection switch reliably detects this in the presence of an alarm criterion and thereby causes the door to be released for closing and to arrange the fire protection switch in the region of the door frame in such a way that this does not lead to unnecessary delays in closing.

This object is achieved by an arrangement of a fire protection switch on a fire and/or smoke door according to Claim 1.

With its sensing zone which is effective outside the housing, the sensor of the detector or its housing is thus relieved of the necessity of being penetrated by the fire gases. Instead, the sensor "looks" into a space section which is usually located underneath but also laterally and reliably detects the presence of smoke or gases whereupon the fire protection switch subsequently triggers the retaining device so that the fire and/or smoke control door can be moved from its fixed opening position into a closing or closed position. In this case, a smoke-gas transporting path is expediently monitored, which encroaches through the opening to be closed by means of the door, so that the detection of smoke and/or fire gases by the sensor is a criterion for whether the relevant door is still passable. The closing of the door then closes, for example, a fire zone to be closed. Expediently, the at least one sensor is formed as a scattered-light or extinction smoke sensor and/or as a gas sensor, which can be manufactured with a sufficient sensitivity.

Further advantageous embodiments and further developments of the fire protection switch result from the subclaims. In all of these embodiments, the fire protection switch can also be provided simultaneously with a plurality of sensors, in this case preferably with at least one sensor of each sensor type.

The space-saving and reliable detection can advantageously also be a fire protection switch which is also aesthetically pleasing and/or at least one fire detector can be arranged at a distance to a fall of the door or a ceiling. The fire protection switch itself or its fire detector can, in an advantageous development, be provided, for example, on or in a slide rail, on or with which the door is moved.

Another advantageous embodiment of the fire protection switch may consist in placing the latter itself or its fire detector in a frame of the door. Switches or detectors in this case may be located on or in the frame of the door. In this case, there is wide ranging freedom with a view to the specific location of the fire protection switch or fire detector, since the sensing zone can be aligned or adapted to the location. A reliable detection of smoke and fire gases is achieved with an embodiment of the fire protection switch, in which the at least one sensor of the fire detector is formed as a scattered-light sensor. However, this sensor dispenses with a measuring chamber which, in turn, had to be passed through and avoids such a flow-technical problem of the arrangement. In the case of a scattered-light sensor formed in this way, it is advantageously possible to dimension the sensing zone, here the zone in the emitted light from smoke is scattered onto the receiver, so that it extends far into the space and so wide parts of a smoke-gas transporting path can be reliably detected.

In order to protect the fire detector of the fire protection switch according to the invention from ambient influences on the one hand, but not to impair the reliability of the detection on the other hand, in an advantageous further embodiment, the housing can have at least one portion transmissive to signals of a transmitter emitting the signals inside the housing and to the signals that are scattered back outside the housing and intended to be received by a receiver. In this case, it is important to ensure that the fire resistance of the fire and/or smoke control door or its frame is not impaired, especially when installing the fire detector in a door frame. Preferably, the housing and the radiation-permeable section are made of temperature-resistant, in particular heat-resistant material, which can be, for example, heat-resistant glass for the radiation-permeable section.

Alternatively or in addition to the scattered-light sensor, the sensor can be formed as an extinction smoke sensor or gas sensor. For this purpose, it is expedient that a first measuring path for measuring the light attenuation by smoke and/or a target gas is arranged outside the housing of the detector and outside the frame of the fire and/or smoke control door in the vicinity of the door lintel or the ceiling or at the upper inner edge of the frame, and a second measuring path is arranged as a reference measuring path inaccessible within the housing and/or within the frame for the ambient air.

In another expedient further development, the sensor is formed as a gas sensor, in particular as a semiconducting gas sensor, and sounds an alarm which warns against a fire hazard with the criterion that recognizes when the concentration of a combustion product, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide or the like fire gases exceeds a threshold, or a fire-typical concentration pattern.

An advantageous further development of the fire protection switch according to the invention can consist in the fact that a gas-sensitive area of the sensor is arranged in an edge region of the housing, in particular so that the outer surface of the sensor finishes flush at the edge region with a surface surrounding it, so that the fire detector on the surface looks into the sensing zone to be monitored and the gas does not have to penetrate into the housing of the fire protection switch in order to be detected there. Preferably, the gas-sensitive layer is still protected by a gas-permeable membrane from mechanical damage.

In order to maintain the functionality of the fire detector, the use of a gas sensor is used to assign a detecting means for detecting a cover, in particular a contamination of the protective diaphragm of the sensor, with an advantageous further development of the fire protection switch. For this purpose, the detecting means can be formed as a separate sensor .

The at least one sensor of the fire detector of the arrangement according to the invention of a fire protection switch on a fire and/or smoke control door is arranged in such a way that the fire and/or smoke control door encroaches in the detection range of the fire detector in its closed position. In this way, by means of the temporal development of the sensor signal, a statement can also be made about the closing state of the door. In this way, the passability of an escape route can be judged from afar when the relevant information about the closed state of a assemblage of doors is present.

Also, the mentioned closed position is desirably detected with high reliability. For this purpose, in an advantageous further development of the fire protection switch, the fire detector draws upon various signal levels for evaluation. The closed position of the fire and/or smoke control door is determined by means of a high static signal level of the scattered-light smoke sensor which lies significantly above a smoke threshold of the sensor, or a signal of the detecting means of the gas sensor, which detecting means is originally used to detect a cover or contamination of the gas sensor.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments in the drawing. In a partially highly schematized, they show here,

Figure 1 a planar side view of a first exemplary embodiment of the fire protection switch which is arranged immediately below the lintel of a door, with its sensing zone;

Figure 2 a planar side view of the fire protection switch from Figure 1 with the door closed;

Figure 3 a planar side view of a second exemplary embodiment of the fire protection switch which is arranged in the frame of the door with its sensing zone;

Figure 4 a planar side view of the fire protection switch from Figure 3 with the door closed;

Figure 5 a planar view of a sensor from Figures 1 to 4 with transmitter, receiver and sensing zone.

Figures 1 to 4 show a fire protection switch, which is denoted in its entirety by 1, for arrangement on a fire and/or smoke control door 10, which is simply called door 10 in the following, which closes an opening 20, wherein the opening surround is formed by door lintel 3 and/or door frame 4. The respective fire protection switch 1 is accommodated with the fire detector 2 in a housing 15.

In the Figure 1, a door lintel 3 is first seen, which overlaps a door frame 4 in the direction of the plane of influence. In the corner region formed at the transition between the door lintel 3 and the door frame 4, a fire protection switch 1 with a fire detector 2 is provided which is integrated with a sliding rail 5 moving the door 10. The sensor 8 of the fire detector 2 is clearly recognizable with a transmitter 7 and a receiver 6, which monitor the sensing zone 11 arranged below the fire detector 2. In the Figure 1, it can also be seen that the sensing zone 11 at least partially coincides with a smoke- gas transporting path 9 encroaching through the opening 20, indicated by arrows. Smoke or fire gases pass through the door opening 20 along this transport path 9 and are detected here by the sensor 8 with the receiver 6 and the transmitter 7. It can be seen here that the transport path 9 penetrates the sensing zone 11. Smoke can thus be detected even though the transport path 9 leads past the housing 15 of the fire protection switch 1. Smoke that first had to penetrate into the housing 15 could only be detected in this situation after smoke has also spread into regions lateral to the indicated transport path 9. An arrangement in which the fire protection switch 1 is turned 90° to the left with respect to the illustration in Figure 1 is not shown in Figure 1, but is nevertheless borne by the idea of the invention. In this case as well, the sensing zone 11 of the fire detector 2 is penetrated by the smoke-gas transporting path 9, and smoke can be detected at an early stage without having to penetrate into the housing 15 first.

In Figure 2, the arrangement described with respect to Figure 1 with the door 10 can be seen in the closed position, wherein the door leaf 12 has been pivoted into the closed position on hinges (not shown), i.e., it is a single action door which forms a rebate 14 with the area of the door frame 4 facing it. It is easily seen in Figure 2 that the door leaf 12 of the door 10 encroaches in the sensing zone 11 of the sensor 8, whereby the shown closed position of the door 10 can be detected by the fire detector 2 of the fire protection switch 1. The closed position of the door 10 can, for example, be detected by the fire detector 2 in that the door 10 generates a high and static signal in its closed state, while smoke and fire gas attenuators and fluctuating signals operate. The signal with the closed door 10 can optionally be specifically influenced by reflection surfaces (not shown) on the door 10. If the fire detector 2 contains a plurality of scattered-light sensors 8 which operate with different angles and/or wavelengths, the closed position can optionally also be performed by comparing the measurement signals of the different sensors 8. For example, correspondingly normalized sensors 8 that operate with blue and red or infrared light would deliver the same magnitude signals when the door is closed, whereas in smoke, the sensor 8 operating with red light delivers lower values than the sensor 8 operating with blue light. In addition, special sensors (not shown) can be used to detect the closed position of the door 10, the function of which is to detect a covering of the detector 2 or its surroundings on objects to be monitored, which can impair the air flow and thus the smoke transport.

In the arrangement of Figure 3, in contrast to that of Figure 1, the fire protection switch 1 with fire detector 2 is accommodated in the door frame 4 of the door 10, so that the sensor 8 looks downward from the door frame 4 in the direct direction, which is why its sensing zone 11 has been cut by a line imagined between a door sill (not shown) and the door frame 4. In this arrangement, the sensing zone 11 is thus located directly above the sill.

This arrangement is also able to detect the closed position of the door 10, as can be seen in Figure 4. It can be seen here that the frontal end 13 of the door leaf 12 lies adjacent to the fire detector 2 located in the door frame 4 with sensor 8 in the closed position, so that the sensor 8 is able to recognize this state, whether it be for the purpose of evaluating a signal level of the actual sensor 8 or of a detecting means (not shown), that, among other things, detects the cover of the sensor 8. Depending on the distance between sensor 8 and door 10, detection here can also be based on the fact that the receiver 6 of the scattered-light sensor 8 does not receive any light at all, although the transmitter 7 emits light. It is also conceivable that the detection of the closed position is based on the fact that the receiver 6 receives almost completely the light emitted by the transmitter 7. For this purpose, a light guide (not shown) is expediently attached to the door 10, which when the door 10 is closed, directs the light emitted by the transmitter 7 directly to the receiver 6 of the scattered-light sensor 8. When the transmitter 7, the receiver 6 and the light guide are precisely aligned, it is even possible to determine whether the door has fallen into the lock and is thus completely closed.

The detection of the closed position of the door 10 is also then possible when the sensor 8 is arranged in the door frame 4 when the sensing zone 11 of the sensor 8 is not directed downwards but rather towards the side. In this arrangement, the closed position, e.g., can be detected when the sensing zone 11 of the sensor 8 is concealed by the stop of the door 10 when the door 10 is closed.

Figure 5 shows schematically an arrangement of a sensor 8 with transmitter 7 and receiver 6 in which the transmitter 7 emits electromagnetic waves while the receiver 6 is sensitive to the reception of objects, for example smoke particles, backscattered radiation in a particular direction, whereby the sensing zone 11 of the sensor 8 is defined below both.

For the sake of clarity, or because they are already known, the retaining and triggering devices are not shown in the figures .

Accordingly, the above invention relates to a fire protection switch 1 for arrangement on a fire and/or smoke control door 10 or an arrangement of a fire protection switch and a fire and/or smoke control door 10 with a triggering device, the actuation of which releases the fire and/or smoke control door 10 from an open position, held by a retaining device, for movement into a closed position, and with at least one fire detector 2, which is accommodated by a housing 15 and is provided with at least one sensor 8, and is arranged on an opening surround of the fire and/or smoke control door 10, wherein a signal of the fire detector 2 in the event of an alarm actuates the triggering device at least indirectly.

In order to have a fire protection switch 1 which, in the presence of an alarm criterion, detects this at an early stage and reliably and thereby causes the door 10 to be released and thereby allows an arbitrary arrangement in the region of the opening surround, the at least one sensor 8 has a sensing zone 11 that is effective outside the housing 15 and the sensing zone 11 coincides at least partially with the smoke-gas transporting path 9 encroaching through the opening 20.

Claims

An arrangement for a fire protection switch (1) at a fire and / or smoke protection door (10) with a release device, the actuation of which releases the fire and / or smoke protection door (10) from an open position held by a restraint device, for moving into a closed position and having at least one fire detector (2) occupied by a housing (15) and provided with at least one sensor (8) and arranged at an aperture housing for that opening ( 20), which can be closed by the fire and / or smoke protection door (10), wherein a signal from the fire detector (2) in the event of an alarm at least indirectly activates the trigger device, wherein the at least one sensor (8) is designed as a light scattering or extinction smoke sensor and / or as a gas sensor, characterized in that the at least one sensor (8) has an outside region (15) active detection area (11) and the registration area (11) at least partially coincides with a through opening. gene (20) engaging flue gas transport path (9) and is arranged such that the fire and / or smoke protection door (10) engages in its closed position in the registration area (11).

Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the fire protection switch (1) itself and / or its at least one fire detector (2) is arranged without distance to a door (10) for the door (10) or a ceiling in the room.

Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fire protection switch (1) itself or the at least one fire detector (2) is arranged in a frame (4) for the door (10).

Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one sensor (8) for the fire detector (2) is designed as a light scattering smoke sensor.

Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the housing (15) has at least one section which is permeable to a transmitter (7) which emits signals from inside the housing and to those from outside the housing (15). back-scattered signals to be received by a receiver (6).

Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one sensor (8) for the fire detector (2) is designed as an extinction smoke sensor.

Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sensor (8) is a gas sensor, in particular a semiconductor gas sensor.

Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that a gas-sensitive surface of the sensor (8) is arranged in a peripheral region of the housing (15), preferably an outer surface of the sensor (8) at the peripheral region complies with a surface surrounding it. .

Arrangement according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a recognition means for detecting a cover for this sensor is provided for the sensor (8).

Arrangement according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the fire detector (2) detects the closed position of the fire and / or smoke protection door (10) by means of a high static signal level clearly above a smoke threshold for the light scattering smoke sensor ( 8), or a signal from the recognition means, in particular the gas sensor (8).