DK2505927T3 - Method of operating a heat pump with an air-saline heat exchanger in a saline circuit - Google Patents
Method of operating a heat pump with an air-saline heat exchanger in a saline circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK2505927T3 DK2505927T3 DK12001262.0T DK12001262T DK2505927T3 DK 2505927 T3 DK2505927 T3 DK 2505927T3 DK 12001262 T DK12001262 T DK 12001262T DK 2505927 T3 DK2505927 T3 DK 2505927T3
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- air
- temperature
- brine
- heat pump
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 23
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/04—Sensors
- F24D2220/042—Temperature sensors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Description
The invention relates to a method for operating a heat pump with an air-to-brine heat exchanger in a brine circuit.
By means of air-to-brine heat exchangers heat pumps can be provided with environmental heat at a very low temperature level. In compression heat pumps the refrigerant in the heat pump circuit is cooled to temperatures of below -15°C. Thus even at an external temperature of -15°C heat can be removed from the environment and transmitted in the compressor to the heat pump circuit.
The power of the heat pump increases with the temperature of the environment, whilst at the same time the heat requirement drops. Thus at high environmental temperatures the heat pump can be operated cyclically or in a modulating manner. Conversely, the heat pump can only cover the heat requirement up to a specific environmental temperature.
Below this temperature, which is typically -10°C to -5°C (so-called bivalence point), it is possible according to the prior to introduce additional heat into the heating circuit by means of a second heat generator, for example an electrically operated additional heater in bivalent operation. If the environmental temperature lies below the application limit temperature of the heat pump (usually -25°C to - 20°C), it forces the heat pump to be switched off. The heat supply is then only provided by the second heat generator, which is generally undersized for this purpose. US 4 995 241 shows a heat pump with an air-heat exchanger, in which a ventilator blows air between two heat exchanger plates and thereby enables a transfer of heat from the environmental air to the heat exchanger plates. If the external temperature is so low that no heat can be transmitted from the external air to the heat exchanger, thus a fuel gas operated burner is switched on, the waste gases of which flow through the aforementioned heat exchanger. The burner is thus used for heating the external air or for replacing cold external air with hot waste gases.
Publication DE 103 18 134 A1 discloses a method for de-icing the air-to-brine heat exchanger of a heat pump system, in which the air-to-brine heat exchanger is heated by an electric heat source when the compressor if switched off.
Publications EP 1 248 055 A2 and AT 507709 Al disclose methods for operating a heat pump system in which various different environmental heat sources are used as a function of the measured environmental temperature.
Thus the underlying objective of the invention is to create a method for operating a heat pump with an air-to-brine heat exchanger, which also enables the operation of the heat pump even at very low external temperatures .
According to the invention this is achieved by a method with the features of the independent claim. Accordingly, in a heat pump with a brine circuit, in which an air-to-brine heat exchanger and a circulation pump are located, the environmental temperature of the air is determined. If this falls below a predefined limit value the fan of the air-to-brine heat exchanger is switched off and a heating element in the brine circuit is switched on. By switching off the fan a transfer of heat to the environment is avoided so that then the compressor of the heat pump is supplied with heat by means of the heating power of the heating element.
Advantageous embodiments are defined in the features of the dependent claims.
The invention is explained in the following with reference to the Figures. In the latter
Figure 1 shows a device for performing the method according to the invention and
Figure 2 shows the connection between the heat requirement and heating power of the heat pump to the environmental temperature and
Figure 3 shows the brine temperature and the operating state of the heating element during the method according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows a brine circuit 4 of a heat pump 12 with an air-to-brine heat exchanger 3, which has a fan 7 for conveying environmental air through the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3. In the brine circuit 4 there is also a circulation pump 5. The brine circuit 4 is connected via a compressor 6 to the heat pump 12. A first temperature sensor 1 for detecting the environmental air temperature Tu is arranged on the air inlet side of the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3. A second temperature sensor 2 is positioned in the brine circuit 4 for detecting the temperature of the brine Ts,w downstream of the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3. A heating element 8 is arranged directly upstream of the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3 in the brine circuit 4 .
The heat pump 12 is set up in a house. Through the house wall 11 the brine circuit 4 leads to the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3. A third and a fourth temperature sensor 9, 10 are arranged in the brine circuit 4 downstream and upstream of the compressor 6 respectively.
During the normal operation of the heat pump 12 the circulation pump 5 is in operation. At least temporarily the environmental air temperature Tu and the temperature of the brine Ts,w is detected downstream of the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3. As long as the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3 is not fully iced up, the brine can absorb heat from the environment. Ideally the brine would absorb the environmental temperature; however due to the finite heat exchanger surface the brine always remains slightly colder. If the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3 ices up, the temperature difference ΔΤ between the environmental air temperature Tu and the temperature of the brine Ts,w downstream of the air-to-brine heat exchangers 3 increases. The more iced up the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3 the greater the temperature difference AT.
Figure 2 shows as a function of the environmental air temperature Tu the power Q of the heat pump and the heat requirement Qsoii of the house. As already mentioned above, the power Q of the heat pump increases with the temperature of the environment, whereas at the same time the heat requirement Qsoii drops. At the so-called bivalence point (temperature Tb) the power Q of the heat pump corresponds to the heat requirement Qsoii of the house. Below this bivalence temperature Tb the second heat generator 13 is switched on so that the heat pump can continue to be operated otherwise unchanged. Thus depending on the dimensions up to the standard external temperature Tn the heat requirement Qsoii of the house can be covered.
The method according to the invention is used below the standard external temperature Tn, as below this temperature when operating the fan 7 heat would be emitted via the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3 to the environment. When the circulation pump 5 is switched on the heating element 8 is operated and thus heat is provided to the compressor 6 of the heat pump 12 at a temperature level which permits the operation of the heat pump and increases the heating power of the heat pump. The release of heat to the environment is prevented according to the invention by switching off the fan 7, so that the brine circuit is now heated solely by the heating element 8. The heating requirements Qsoii of the house are then no longer completely covered, but at least the operation of the heat pump is possible to satisfy a portion of the heat requirement Qsoii, which would otherwise not be the case. Below freezing temperature TF the heat losses of the brine circuit are so great that sufficient heat no longer reaches the compressor 6 for operating the heat pump.
Figure 3 shows the brine temperature in the operating range below the standard external temperature TN. The heating element 8 is then operated only cyclically, as the whole heating power of the heating element 8 is not required and it is thus ensured that the brine circuit 4 is only heated so much that it does not drop below the temperature limit for use TF.
The invention is not only limited to compression heat pumps. For example according to the invention also an air-to-brine heat exchanger of a sorption heat pump can be de-iced.
The heating element 8 can be arranged downstream or upstream of the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3. Upstream of the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3 it can be used more effectively for de-icing the air-to-brine heat exchanger 3, and downstream it can heat the brine more efficiently.
List of reference numerals first temperature sensor 1 second temperature sensor 2 air-to-brine heat exchanger 3 brine circuit 4 circulation pump 5 compressor 6 fan 7 heating element 8 third and fourth temperature sensor 9, 10 house wall 11 heat pump 12
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT4322011 | 2011-03-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK2505927T3 true DK2505927T3 (en) | 2016-02-15 |
Family
ID=45833101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK12001262.0T DK2505927T3 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-02-25 | Method of operating a heat pump with an air-saline heat exchanger in a saline circuit |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2505927B1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2505927T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2561284T3 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2505927T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111998431B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-06-22 | 陕西西咸新区沣西新城能源发展有限公司 | Low-temperature anti-freezing equipment for floor heating pipeline |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4995241A (en) | 1989-09-13 | 1991-02-26 | Kool-Fire Limited | High efficiency heat exchanger |
| EP1248055A3 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2004-03-31 | Vaillant GmbH | Total environmental heat source for a heat pump |
| JP2003222391A (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-08-08 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Heat pump type water heater |
| JP2003314932A (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Denso Corp | Refrigerator |
| AT507709A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2010-07-15 | Vkr Holding As | DEVICE FOR HEAT GAIN |
-
2012
- 2012-02-25 PL PL12001262T patent/PL2505927T3/en unknown
- 2012-02-25 EP EP12001262.0A patent/EP2505927B1/en active Active
- 2012-02-25 ES ES12001262.0T patent/ES2561284T3/en active Active
- 2012-02-25 DK DK12001262.0T patent/DK2505927T3/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL2505927T3 (en) | 2016-04-29 |
| EP2505927A2 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
| ES2561284T3 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
| EP2505927B1 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| EP2505927A3 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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