DK202170400A1 - A method for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing - Google Patents

A method for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
DK202170400A1
DK202170400A1 DKPA202170400A DKPA202170400A DK202170400A1 DK 202170400 A1 DK202170400 A1 DK 202170400A1 DK PA202170400 A DKPA202170400 A DK PA202170400A DK PA202170400 A DKPA202170400 A DK PA202170400A DK 202170400 A1 DK202170400 A1 DK 202170400A1
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
force
receiving component
inner ring
pitch bearing
receiving
Prior art date
Application number
DKPA202170400A
Inventor
Liang Baoshu
Chen Lin
Gao Xuehai
Cai Zhengyu
Original Assignee
Sheyang Envision Energy Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sheyang Envision Energy Co Ltd filed Critical Sheyang Envision Energy Co Ltd
Publication of DK202170400A1 publication Critical patent/DK202170400A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/50—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/328—Blade pitch angle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/31—Wind motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for changing the load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing, comprising the following steps: determining the speed difference between the inner ring of the pitch bearing and the force-receiving component, wherein the inner ring is configured to connect with the blade; and rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component relatively by a certain angle, so that the load of the force-receiving component is changed. Furthermore, the present invention relates a system for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing. Through the present invention, the probability that the same force-receiving component of the pitch bearing is always in the heavy load area may be greatly reduced, thereby greatly improving the service life of the pitch bearing.

Description

DK 2021 70400 A1 1 A METHOD FOR CHANGING LOAD OF FORCE-RECEIVING COMPONEN
OF PITCH BEARING Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of wind power generation, and in particular to a method for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing. Fur- thermore, the present invention relates a system for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing.
Background of the Invention In recent years, as many countries pay more attention to the environment, the field of clean energy has shown a trend of rapid development. As a new type of energy, the clean energy has the advantages of being widely distribution, renewable, and less environmental pollution compared with traditional fossil fuels. As a repre- sentative of clean energy the application of wind turbines is increasing.
An important component of a wind turbine generator (or wind turbine for short) is the pitch bearing, whose function is to adjust the angle between the blades of the wind turbine and the blade rotation plane, so as to adjust the windward angle of the blades, thereby increasing the power of the wind turbine. Generally speaking, the replacement of the pitch bearing requires disassembling the blades and hoisting the blades after the replacement is completed, but the wind turbine blades can be up to tens of meters long, such as 30 meters, and weigh hundreds of kilograms, therefore, the cost of replacing the pitch bearing is high and there is some danger. Therefore, how to improve the life of the pitch bearing is a concern in the industry.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing and a corresponding system, through which method and/or which system, the probability that the same force-receiving
DK 2021 70400 A1 2 component is always in the heavy load area can be greatly reduced, thereby greatly improving the lifetime of the pitch bearing.
In a first aspect of the invention, this object is realized by a method for chang- ing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing, comprising: determining the rotation speed difference between the inner ring of the pitch bearing and the force-receiving component, wherein the inner ring is configured to connect with the blade; and rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the load of the force-receiving component is changed.
It should be noted that the wording "the rotation speed difference between the inner ring of the pitch bearing and the force-receiving component" refers to defer- ence between the rotation speed of the inner ring of the pitch bearing around the rotating shaft of the pitch bearing and the rotation speed of the force-receiving com- ponent around the rotating shaft of the pitch bearing. The rotation speed may include linear velocity and angular velocity, for example. In addition, the inventor found that the speed difference between the force-receiving components such as balls and holder and the inner ring is related to the rotation speed of the inner ring; therefore, the desired relative rotation angle between the force-receiving components and the inner ring may be realized after the inner ring is rotated by a certain angle. Further- more, it should be noted that the terms "inner ring" and "outer ring" in the present invention are only used to distinguish and do not limit the inner and outer arrange- ment of the two rings; on the contrary, the inner ring refers to a rotatable ring body connected to the blade, while the outer ring refers to a non-rotatable ring body fixed to the hub; therefore, in some embodiments, the inner ring may be arranged outside the outer ring or inside the outer ring, but these scenarios also fall within the scope of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the force-receiving component includes at least one of the following: the ball of the pitch bearing and the holder of the pitch bearing. The balls and holder are parts of the pitch bearing that are subject to greater force and are easily damaged, therefore,
DK 2021 70400 A1 3 if these parts are not always in the heavy load area, the life of the pitch bearing may be greatly improved. It should be noted that the force-receiving components of the present invention are not limited to balls and holder, but may also encompass other components between the inner ring and the outer ring of the pitch bearing in the case of other pitch bearing structures, and may also encompass the force-receiving sec- tions of the outer ring.
In an extended embodiment, it is provided that determining the rotation speed difference between the inner ring of the pitch bearing and the force-receiving com- ponent comprises: calculating the rotation speed difference between the balls and/or holder and the blades of the inner ring according to the specifications of the pitch bearing. With this embodiment, the rotation speed difference may be easily determined. Other ways of determining the rotation speed difference are also conceivable, such as: ro- tation speed measurement through a speed sensor; pressure measurement through a pressure sensor to determine the angular position of the force-receiving component; and a proximity sensor to determine the position of the force-receiving component, thereby determining the rotation speed difference, etc.
In another extended embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving components relative to each other by a certain angle so that the load of the force-receiving components is changed com- prises the following steps: determining the force-receiving component currently receiving the largest force; and rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component receiving the great- est force relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the force-receiving com- ponent receiving the greatest force does not receive the greatest force.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the an- gle is 120° to 140°. Through this preferred embodiment, the force-receiving compo- nents may be effectively moved out of the heavy load area with a smaller rotation angle.
DK 2021 70400 A1 4 In an extended embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that rotat- ing the inner ring and the force-receiving components relative to each other by a certain angle so that the load of the force-receiving components is changed com- prises the following steps: rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the force-receiving component is no longer in the heavy load area, wherein the heavy load area is the area subject to the maximum gravity of the blade.
In another extended embodiment of the invention, it is provided that, the method is performed regularly.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the aforementioned object is solved by a system for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing, the system comprising: a controller, configured to perform the following actions: determining the rotation speed difference between the inner ring of the pitch bearing and the force-receiving component, wherein the inner ring is con- figured to connect with the blade; and generating a control signal according to the rotational speed difference, an actuator, configured to, according to the control signal, rotate the inner ring and the force-receiving component relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the load of the force-receiving component is changed.
The controller may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or a combination thereof, for example, and the actuator may be implemented by a motor for rotating blades in the hub, that is, the inner ring may be rotated by rotating the blades.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the force-receiving component includes at least one of the following: the ball of the pitch bearing and the holder of the pitch bearing.
In addition, the present invention also relates to a wind turbine, which com- prises the system according to the present invention.
DK 2021 70400 A1 The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the inventors obtained the following unique insights through research: the life of the pitch bearing is mainly determined by its force-receiving components such as balls and holder, while the pitch range of the wind turbine blade is always 0° to 90°, and this causes 5 that the operation way of pitch bearing is to swing, so some balls and holders are always working in the heavy load area, which will reduce the life of the pitch bear- ing; the inventors also found that, the speed difference between the force-receiving components, such as balls and holders, and the inner ring is related to the rotational speed of the inner ring. Therefore, after the inner ring is rotated by a certain angle, the desired relative rotation angle between the force-receiving components and the inner ring may be achieved. Therefore, the present invention utilizes the difference in rotational speed between the pitch bearing balls, holder combination and the inner ring to rotate the balls, holder combination relative to the inner ring (blade) by a certain angle, after rotating the inner ring (blade) by a certain angle. For example, implementing this scheme at regular intervals may realize that the force-receiving components such as balls and holders are evenly loaded during service, thereby ef- fectively extending the service life of the pitch bearing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with specific embodiments. Fig. 1 shows a top view of a pitch bearing of a wind turbine; and Figs.2A to 2B show the principle of the technical solution according to the in- vention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It should be pointed out that components in the drawings may be shown in an exaggerated form for the purpose of illustration, instead of being true to scale. In the drawings, same or functionally same components are provided with same reference numerals.
DK 2021 70400 A1 6 In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "arranged on", "arranged above", and "arranged above" do not exclude the presence of intermediates between the two. In addition, "arranged on or above" only means the relative positional relation- ship between two components, and under certain circumstances, such as by inverting the direction of the product , it can also be converted to "arranged under or below", and vice versa.
In the present invention, each embodiment is only intended to illustrate the so- lution of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the articles "a" and "an" do not exclude the scenario of multiple elements.
It should also be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, for clarity and simplicity, only a part of the parts or components may be shown, but those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that under the teaching of the present invention, required parts or components may be added according to concrete scenar- ios.
It should also be noted that within the scope of the present invention, the terms "same", "equal", "equal to" and other terms do not mean that the two values are absolutely equal, but allow certain reasonable errors, that is, these terms also en- compass the meanings of "substantially the same", "substantially equal", and "sub- stantially equal to". By analogy, in the present invention, the terms "perpendicular to", "parallel to" and the like describing the direction also encompass the meanings of "substantially perpendicular to" and "substantially parallel to".
In addition, the numbers of the steps of methods of the present invention are not intended to limit the execution order of the method steps. Unless otherwise spec- ified, the method steps may be performed in a different order.
In the present invention, the controller may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware or a combination thereof. The controller may exist alone or as a part of a component.
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with specific embodiments. Fig.1 shows a top view of a pitch bearing 100 of a wind generator.
DK 2021 70400 A1 7 As shown in Fig.1, the pitch bearing 100 includes an inner ring 101 and an outer ring 102. The blades (not shown) are connected to the inner ring 101 of the pitch bearing by bolts, and the inner ring 101 and the outer ring 102 of the pitch bearing are connected by a four-point contact of the balls 103 and transfer the load. It should be noted that the terms "inner ring" and "outer ring" are only used to distinguish and do not limit the inner and outer arrangement of the two rings; on the contrary, the inner ring refers to a rotatable ring body connected to the blade, while the outer ring refers to a non-rotatable ring body fixed to the hub; therefore, in some embodiments, the inner ring may be arranged outside the outer ring or inside the outer ring, and these scenarios also fall within the scope of the present invention. In this context, since the inner ring 101 is connected to the blades, it can be rotated to adjust the blade angle, that is, the angle between the fan blades and the blade rotation plane. It can be seen from Fig. ] that the blades have large gravity and the pitch bearing is not in the horizontal direction (typically in different planes when the hub rotates), so some components of the pitch bearing (such as balls and the holder for holding the balls) may be in an area with a higher load, while other components are in an area with a lower load.
Figs.2A to 2B show the principle of the technical solution according to the in- vention.
As shown in Fig.2A, the inventors obtained the following unique insights through research: the life of the pitch bearing is mainly determined by its force- receiving (stressed) components such as the balls 103 and the holder 104, and the pitch range of the wind turbine blade is always 0° to 90°, this causes that the opera- tion manner of the pitch bearing is to swing, so some of the balls 103 and the holder 104 are always working in the heavy load area, which will reduce the life of the pitch bearing; the inventor also found that, the speed difference between the force- receiving component such as such as the balls 103 and the holder 104 and the inner ring 101 is related to the rotation speed of the inner ring 101 (see the description below for details); therefore, after the inner ring 101 is rotated by a certain angle, the desired relative rotation angle between the force-receiving components i.e. the ball 103 and the holder 104 and the inner ring 101 may be achieved, thus the present
DK 2021 70400 A1 8 invention uses the difference in the rotational speed between the combination of the ball 103 and the holder 104 of the pitch bearing and the inner ring 101 to rotate the balls 103 and the holder 104 relative to the inner ring 101 (or blades) by a certain angle after the inner ring 101 (or blades) is rotated by a certain angle, thereby chang- ing the force distribution of respective force-receiving components. For example, by implementing this solution at regular intervals, it is possible to realize that the force- receiving components such as the balls 103 and the holder 104 are evenly loaded during service, thereby effectively extending the service life of the pitch bearing.
Referring to Fig.2B, the speed difference between the balls 103 as well as the holder 104 and the inner ring 101 has the following relationship with the rotation speed of the inner ring 101: Fl NR = yh (1=y) 2 | Beos x FER men dm Wherein nn is the rotation speed of the combination of the holder 104 and the balls 104, nj is the rotation speed of the inner ring 101 or the blade, D is the diameter of the balls 103, a is the contact angle, and dm is the diameter of the rolling element distribution circle.
It is found through research that when the combination of the holder 104 and the balls 103 rotates 140-160 degrees relative to the inner ring 101 or the blades at intervals, it can effectively prevent the same balls from always being in the heavy load area.
Take the pitch bearing 55.2430 as an example, the ball diameter is S5mm, the race- way distribution circle diameter is 2430, y=0.016, and the speed ratio of nm to nj is
0.4920. When the inner ring (blades) of the pitch bearing rotates 9 full laps, the ball and holder combination rotates to 4.43 laps, and the ball and holder rotate 154° rel- ative to the inner ring (blades). Taking this solution carried out every two years as an example, in 20 years of operation, the time of the same part of the ball and the
DK 2021 70400 A1
9 holder being in the heavy load area has been shortened by 9 times, which can greatly extend the service life of the pitch bearing.
Although some embodiments of the invention are described in the present ap- plication document, those skilled in the art may understand that these embodiments are shown merely as examples.
Under the teachings of the invention, various varia- tions, alternatives and modifications are conceivable to those skilled in the art.
The appended claims are intended to define the scope of the invention and hereby en-
compass the claims themselves and equivalent methods and structures.

Claims (10)

DK 2021 70400 A1 10 CLAIMS
1. A method for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing, comprising the following steps: determining the rotation speed difference between the inner ring of the pitch bearing and the force-receiving component, wherein the inner ring is configured to connect with the blade; and rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the load of the force-receiving com- ponent is changed.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the force-receiving com- ponent includes at least one of the following: the ball of the pitch bearing and the holder of the pitch bearing.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein determining the rotation speed difference between the inner ring of the pitch bearing and the force- receiving component comprises the following steps: calculating the rotation speed difference between the balls and/or holder and the blades of the inner ring according to the specifications of the pitch bearing.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the load of the force-receiving component is changed comprises the following steps: determining the force-receiving component that is currently receiving the largest force; and rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component receiving the greatest force relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the force- receiving component receiving the greatest force does not receive the great- est force.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the angle is 120° to 140°.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component relative to each other by a certain angle,
DK 2021 70400 A1 11 so that the load of the force-receiving component is changed comprises the following steps: rotating the inner ring and the force-receiving component relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the force-receiving component is no longer in the heavy load area, wherein the heavy load area is the area sub- ject to the maximum gravity of the blade.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is executed periodically.
8. A system for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing, comprising the following steps: a controller, configured to perform the following actions: determining the rotation speed difference between the inner ring of the pitch bearing and the force-receiving component, wherein the inner ring is configured to connect with the blade; and generating a control signal according to the rotational speed dif- ference; an actuator, configured to, according to the control signal, rotate the inner ring and the force-receiving component relative to each other by a certain angle, so that the load of the force-receiving component is changed.
9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the force-receiving com- ponent includes at least one of the following: the ball of the pitch bearing and the holder of the pitch bearing.
10. A wind turbine comprising the system according to one of claims 8-9.
DKPA202170400A 2019-10-17 2021-08-09 A method for changing load of force-receiving component of pitch bearing DK202170400A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910988172.7A CN110821751B (en) 2019-10-17 2019-10-17 Method for changing load of stressed part of variable-pitch bearing
PCT/CN2020/116666 WO2021073369A1 (en) 2019-10-17 2020-09-22 Method for changing load of stressed part of variable pitch bearing

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DK202170400A1 true DK202170400A1 (en) 2021-09-09

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DE (1) DE112020005029T5 (en)
DK (1) DK202170400A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2021073369A1 (en)

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CN109753723B (en) * 2019-01-02 2022-10-04 太原理工大学 Radial rolling bearing fatigue life calculation method
CN112780489B (en) * 2019-10-17 2021-11-23 射阳远景能源科技有限公司 Variable pitch bearing and method for prolonging service life of variable pitch bearing

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WO2021073369A1 (en) 2021-04-22
CN110821751B (en) 2021-03-26
CN110821751A (en) 2020-02-21
CN112780489A (en) 2021-05-11
CN112780489B (en) 2021-11-23

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