DK200400124A - Mikrofonapertur - Google Patents

Mikrofonapertur Download PDF

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Publication number
DK200400124A
DK200400124A DK200400124A DKPA200400124A DK200400124A DK 200400124 A DK200400124 A DK 200400124A DK 200400124 A DK200400124 A DK 200400124A DK PA200400124 A DKPA200400124 A DK PA200400124A DK 200400124 A DK200400124 A DK 200400124A
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
microphones
individual
frequency
microphone structure
microphone
Prior art date
Application number
DK200400124A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Soerensen Ole Moeller
Original Assignee
Dpa Microphones As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dpa Microphones As filed Critical Dpa Microphones As
Priority to DKPA200400124A priority Critical patent/DK176894B1/da
Priority to DK05700606.6T priority patent/DK1714524T3/da
Priority to US10/587,657 priority patent/US7889873B2/en
Priority to EP05700606A priority patent/EP1714524B1/en
Priority to PCT/DK2005/000056 priority patent/WO2005074317A1/en
Publication of DK200400124A publication Critical patent/DK200400124A/da
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DK176894B1 publication Critical patent/DK176894B1/da

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/406Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/005Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for combining the signals of two or more microphones
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/40Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/4012D or 3D arrays of transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/40Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/403Linear arrays of transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/40Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/405Non-uniform arrays of transducers or a plurality of uniform arrays with different transducer spacing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2430/00Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2430/20Processing of the output signals of the acoustic transducers of an array for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
    • H04R2430/23Direction finding using a sum-delay beam-former

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Description

PATENTKRAV 1. Mikrofonstruktur til opnåelse af en hovedsagelig frekvens-uafhængig retningsvirkning med et flertal af mikrofoner placeret langs en retlinet struktur, hvor: at den retlinede struktur i det mindste er så lang som bølgelængden for den laveste frekvens, ved hvilken der ønskes en brugbar retningsvirkning. at den retlinede struktur har en første ende og en anden ende, at mikrofonerne tæt ved den første ende er beregnet på de højeste frekvenser og mikrofonerne tæt ved den anden ende er beregnet på de laveste frekvenser, at en første indbyrdes afstand Mi mellem to mikrofoner beregnet til en første frekvens fj og en anden indbyrdes afstand M2 mellem to mikrofoner beregnet til en anden frekvens f2 har følgende relation:
Figure DK200400124AD00031
at signalerne fra de enkelte mikrofoner tidsforsinkes, således at der tages højde for faseforskelle forårsaget af mikrofonernes rumlige placering, at signalerne fra de enkelte mikrofoner, hver især båndpasfiltreres, idet de enkelte båndpasfiltres pasbånd og afskæringsfrekvens er tilpasset til det frekvensbånd, de enkelte mikrofoner er beregnet til, og at de enkelte båndpasfiltre er indrettet således, at amplituden af det summerede signal efter båndpasfiltrene hovedsageligt er den samme når et sinusformet testsignal benyttes, hvor amplituden for testsignalet er konstant og frekvensen for testsignalet varieres indenfor det frekvensområde, hvor mikrofonstrukturen ønskes at have en hovedsagelig frekvensuafhængig retningsvirkning. 2. Mikrofonstruktur ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at mikrofonernes indbyrdes placering er givet ud fra formlen:
Figure DK200400124AD00041
hvor N er det maksimale antal mikrofoner, 1" er den n'te mikrofons placering i forhold til den ende af mikrofonstrukturen, som er bestemt for de højeste frekvenser og d er antallet af mikrofoner per oktav. 3. Mikrofonstruktur ifølge krav 1 eller 2, kendetegnet ved, at den langstrakte struktur, som de enkle mikrofoner er placeret langs, har form som en lineær spiral, en konisk spiral, en eksponentiel spiral, en helix eller andre sådanne strukturer, således at kun få eller ingen foran-placerede mikrofoner dækker akustisk for bagved-placerede mikrofoner. 4. Mikrofonstruktur ifølge ethvert af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at signalerne fra de enkelte mikrofoner i mikrofonstrukturen optages før de tidsforsinkes og båndpasfiltreres og at disse signaler først på et senere tidspunkt tidsforsinkes og båndpasfiltreres til opnåelse af den ønskede retningsvirkning. 5. Mikrofonstruktur ifølge ethvert af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at de individuelle mikrofoner i stedet for at blive placeret langs en langstrakt struktur bliver placeret på cirkelbuer på en flad overflade, at den indbyrdes afstand mellem de enkelte cirkelbuer svarer til den indbyrdes afstand mellem de enkelte mikrofoner i mikrofonstrukturen ifølge et af kravene 1-4, at de individuelle mikrofoner hver er tilknyttet en tidsforsinkelse, at tidsforsinkelserne benyttes til tilsyneladende at dreje og fokuserer mikrofon-strukturen mod et punkt i rummet foran mikrofonstrukturen, og at de enkelte båndpasfiltreringer foretages på de summerede signaler fra alle mikrofonerne på en cirkelbue, efter at de er blevet tidsforsinket. 6. Mikrofon struktur ifølge krav 5, kendetegnet ved, at signalerne fra de enkelte mikrofoner føres gennem flere sæt af tidsforsinkelser og båndpasfiltre til opnåelse af flere fokuseringer og retningsvirkninger.
DKPA200400124A 2004-01-29 2004-01-29 Mikrofonstruktur med retningsvirkning DK176894B1 (da)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200400124A DK176894B1 (da) 2004-01-29 2004-01-29 Mikrofonstruktur med retningsvirkning
DK05700606.6T DK1714524T3 (da) 2004-01-29 2005-01-27 Mikrofongruppe med en frekvensuafhængig retningsvirkning
US10/587,657 US7889873B2 (en) 2004-01-29 2005-01-27 Microphone aperture
EP05700606A EP1714524B1 (en) 2004-01-29 2005-01-27 Microphone array having a frequency-independent directivity
PCT/DK2005/000056 WO2005074317A1 (en) 2004-01-29 2005-01-27 Microphone aperture

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200400124A DK176894B1 (da) 2004-01-29 2004-01-29 Mikrofonstruktur med retningsvirkning
DK200400124 2004-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK200400124A true DK200400124A (da) 2005-07-30
DK176894B1 DK176894B1 (da) 2010-03-08

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DKPA200400124A DK176894B1 (da) 2004-01-29 2004-01-29 Mikrofonstruktur med retningsvirkning
DK05700606.6T DK1714524T3 (da) 2004-01-29 2005-01-27 Mikrofongruppe med en frekvensuafhængig retningsvirkning

Family Applications After (1)

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DK05700606.6T DK1714524T3 (da) 2004-01-29 2005-01-27 Mikrofongruppe med en frekvensuafhængig retningsvirkning

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7889873B2 (da)
EP (1) EP1714524B1 (da)
DK (2) DK176894B1 (da)
WO (1) WO2005074317A1 (da)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1714524B1 (en) 2012-11-28
DK1714524T3 (da) 2013-03-11
US20090226004A1 (en) 2009-09-10
DK176894B1 (da) 2010-03-08
US7889873B2 (en) 2011-02-15
EP1714524A1 (en) 2006-10-25
WO2005074317A1 (en) 2005-08-11

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Effective date: 20150131