DK179341B1 - A poultry slaughterhouse, and a method of transporting live poultry, and a poultry transport trailer - Google Patents
A poultry slaughterhouse, and a method of transporting live poultry, and a poultry transport trailer Download PDFInfo
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- DK179341B1 DK179341B1 DKPA201470058A DKPA201470058A DK179341B1 DK 179341 B1 DK179341 B1 DK 179341B1 DK PA201470058 A DKPA201470058 A DK PA201470058A DK PA201470058 A DKPA201470058 A DK PA201470058A DK 179341 B1 DK179341 B1 DK 179341B1
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- poultry
- ventilation
- trailer
- transport units
- poultry transport
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/04—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects for transporting animals
Abstract
A poultry transport trailer for poultry transport units, which trailer has a ventilation arrangement with ventilation devices and ventilation openings with forced ventilation, such as fans and ducts having openings, for ventilation of the poultry transport units. The ventilation arrangement on the trailer has ventilation openings registering with ventilation columns inside the poultry transport units. Following arrival at the slaughterhouse the poultry transport units remain on the trailer during lairage and the ventilation system is operated during lairage to ventilate the transport units inside out.
Description
<1θ> DANMARK (10)
<12> PATENTSKRIFT
Patent- og
Varemærkestyrelsen (51) lnt.CI.: B 60 P 3/04 (2006.01) A 01 K 45/00 (2006.01) (21) Ansøgningsnummer: PA 2014 70058 (22) Indleveringsdato: 2014-02-05 (24) Løbedag: 2014-02-05 (41) Aim. tilgængelig: 2015-08-06 (45) Patentets meddelelse bkg. den: 2018-05-14 (73) Patenthaver: LINCO Food Systems A/S, Vestermøllevej 9, 8380 Trige, Danmark (72) Opfinder: Uffe Thrane, Fasanvej 8, 8450 Hammel, Danmark (74) Fuldmægtig: AWA Denmark AIS, Strandgade 56,1401 København K, Danmark (54) Benævnelse: Et fjerkræslagteri, og en fremgangsmåde til transport af levende fjerkræ, og en fjerkrætransportanhænger (56) Fremdragne publikationer:
GB 1110471 A US 4454837 A US 6581544 B1 US 6817316 B1 US 2013/0074777 A1 US 2007/0026781 A1 (57) Sammendrag:
A poultry transport trailer for poultry transport units, which trailer has a ventilation arrangement with ventilation devices and ventilation openings with forced ventilation, such as fans and ducts having openings, for ventilation of the poultry transport units. The ventilation arrangement on the trailer has ventilation openings registering with ventilation columns inside the poultry transport units. Following arrival at the slaughterhouse the poultry transport units remain on the trailer during lairage and the ventilation system is operated during lairage to ventilate the transport units inside out.
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The present invention relates to a poultry slaughterhouse with a poultry lairage area for live poultry located in inner volumes in poultry transport units, which live poultry in poultry transport units arrive at the slaughterhouse on a trailer of a vehicle, which trailer comprises a ventilation system for ventilating the poultry transport units. The invention further relates to a method of transporting live poultry to a slaughterhouse and receiving live poultry at the slaughterhouse, and to a poultry transport trailer for poultry transport units.
Lairage areas are used for housing the poultry after being unloaded from the vehicle transporting them to the slaughterhouse and until they can be received in the processing system of the slaughterhouse. The lairage area serves as a buffer, and allows for transportation delays due to traffic and other circumstances. Different countries have different requirements for the lairage, but regulations generally require that every animal is protected from adverse weather conditions, and that any animal subjected to high temperatures in humid weather is cooled by appropriate means. To live up to these requirements and prevent that the time in lairage causes increased stress levels in the poultry, which will influence the meat quality negatively, many large slaughterhouses have invested heavily in large lairage buildings. These buildings are air-conditioned and often also provided with specialized lighting and conveying systems for transporting the poultry transport unit in order to optimize the delivery of the poultry to stunning and killing sections of the slaughterhouse. This works very well but is associated with considerable investment cost and operational costs.
Similar considerations apply during transport, and a vehicle adapted for transporting poultry with improved ventilation is known from GB1110471A.
In a first aspect of the present invention it is an object to provide a poultry slaughterhouse where lairage area can be managed with lower running costs and preferably also reducing the construction investment cost associated with establishing the lairage area.
The poultry slaughterhouse of the invention comprises a live poultry lairage area, a trailer of a vehicle temporarily placed on the poultry lairage area, and poultry transport units on the trailer, where live poultry is located in inner volumes in poultry transport units, which live poultry in the poultry transport units has arrived at the slaughterhouse on the trailer, and where the trailer comprises a ventilation system adapted for ventilating the poultry transport units.
With a view to the slaughterhouse according to the present invention the poultry lairage area of the poultry slaughterhouse has a plurality of parking areas with supply sockets adapted for operating the ventilation systems on trailers temporarily placed on the poultry lairage area, said ventilation systems ventilating ventilation ducts or ventilation columns extending into the inner volumes of the poultry transport units, and that said ventilation systems are adapted for ventilating said ventilation ducts or ventilation columns extending into the inner volumes of the poultry transport units. By providing parking areas for trailers and using trailers with an on-board ventilation system that ventilates into ventilation columns extending into the poultry transport units, the transport units holding the poultry may be kept on the trailers until they can be taken directly to the stunning and killing sections or the slaughterhouse.
The need for a lairage building providing ventilation to transport units after unloading same from the trailer and placing the transport units individually in the ventilated building is thus eliminated. It is important to the possibility of maintaining the transport units on the trailer at the lairage parking area, that the ventilation system ventilating the trailer has ventilation columns extending into the inner volumes of the transport units. Only by having such ventilation columns it is possible to properly ventilate the poultry located at the middle of an individual inner volume, and for a stack of transport units located on the inner area of the trailer loading area amidst other stacks of transport units, such ventilation columns inside the stacks are very important to avoid overheating of poultry.
Another important advantage is obtained in the operations required when receiving a loaded poultry transport trailer. The need for handling the poultry transport unit is reduced since they will no longer have to be unloaded from the trailer, taken to the lairage building and then transported back out of the lairage. As each handling step involves noise, vibration and change of environment for the poultry held in the poultry transport units, they inevitably result in increased stress-levels for the poultry, and the elimination of just a single handling step will therefore lead to an improved meat quality, for example reducing the frequency of the so-called PSE meat (pale, soft, exudative meat). When observing a single poultry transport unit, the effect may be small, but in the large perspective of the total production of a modern poultry slaughterhouse such small improvements add up to a considerable economic gain, and the improvements are also clearly advantageous seen from an animal welfare perspective.
A further advantage is that the driver transporting the poultry transport units to the slaughterhouse will no longer have to wait for the trailer to be unloaded. He can simply leave the trailer parked and connected in the lairage area and take another trailer, which previously has been unloaded and possibly filled with empty transport units.
The trailer itself provides satisfactory shelter for the poultry during the waiting period, so no building is actually required at the lairage area. The lairage area can thus be an outdoor area, but it is also possible to make the lairage area with a sunshade or windbreakers, or with a building shelter for the supply sockets. The poultry lairage area may thus be at least partially an outdoor area. In some climate zones it is expedient that the parking areas are covered to protect the trailers from sun and/or rain. An open structure will allow the use of natural ventilation as a supplement to the forced ventilation on the trailers, but in certain cases it may be necessary to provide temporary or permanent side coverings or walls, particularly to protect the supply sockets.
It is of course still possible to unload the trailers using fork-lifts, but a poultry reception system at the poultry slaughterhouse may also include semiautomatic or automatic actuators adapted to engage poultry transport units on a trailer and transfer the poultry transport units to a conveyor in the poultry reception system. This allows the poultry transport units to be transferred directly and smoothly to a conveyor, which takes them to the stunning section, which will again lead to a reduction of the handling-related stress-levels in the poultry. One example of such actuators is a push-out mechanism, which is provided in the floor of the trailer to push on the bottom of each poultry transport unit, so that it is forced out of the trailer and onto a reception conveyor arranged permanently or temporarily at level with the floor of the trailer. This not only eliminates the swinging and turning movement involved when the transport units are unloaded using fork-lifts, but also allows more controlled (slower) acceleration and deceleration. One transport unit may be unloaded at a time or the entire load on a trailer may be unloaded at once depending on the design of the actuators and reception system and on the capacity of the stunning and killing sections. In the semi-automatic version an operator decides which transport units are to be unloaded and when, and then activates the actuators, while in the automatic system the presence of full trailer is registered, using for example vision based sensors coupled to a computer system, and transport units are unloaded, preferably in response to feed back data from the stunning and killing sections. If poultry transport units are stacked on top of each other on the trailer, it may be expedient to have reception conveyors at different levels and/or to use height-adjustable reception conveyors. Alternatively, a de-stacker may be provided.
To reduce the number of handling steps even further and improve the meat quality, the slaughterhouse may comprise a controlled atmosphere stunning (CAS) apparatus with a chamber having at least one ventilation device with at least one outlet opening adapted to temporarily join with and ventilate controlled atmosphere gas into at least one local ventilation duct leading to at least one ventilation gas outlet opening located in at least one inner volume of a poultry transport container or poultry transport unit. The poultry thus avoid to be emptied out on a conveyor and transported into the stunning apparatus, an operation that can place the poultry in a state of confusion and discomfort, and even more importantly, the ventilation of gas into the local ventilation ducts ensures that every bird receives the same gas composition for the desired duration, as all birds receive the gas simultaneously. This effect is further promoted, when preferably the at least one ventilation device in the CAS apparatus ventilates controlled atmosphere gas to every inner volume holding poultry in the poultry transport container or poultry transport unit by forced ventilation.
The transport units can be taken directly into the stunning apparatus without having to emptying compartments as in EP 0 384 530 A1. This reduces the number of handling steps experienced by the poultry prior to stunning, and the work associated with handling and the equipment required are both simplified.
In an embodiment, a feeding system for poultry transport units to the CAS apparatus is arranged to receive poultry transport units from the trailer and directly transfer received poultry transport units to the CAS apparatus. This provides a structurally very simple set-up and a very short handling time to the benefit of maintaining a low stress level in the poultry.
In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method of transporting live poultry to a slaughterhouse and receiving live poultry at the slaughterhouse, where poultry are held during transportation in poultry transport units having at least two floors, which live poultry in poultry transport units arrive at the slaughterhouse on a trailer of a vehicle, which trailer comprises a ventilation system.
In order to optimize the welfare and the handling of the poultry before slaughter the ventilation system ventilates ventilation air into the individual poultry transport unit via ventilation ducts or ventilation columns extending into the inner volumes of the poultry transport units and having ventilation openings located above the floors of the poultry transport units carrying the poultry, wherein following arrival at the slaughterhouse the poultry transport units remain on the trailer during lairage and the ventilation system is operated during lairage.
The advantages with regards to a reduced number of handling step and a reduced total handling time applies equally to this aspect of the invention. In the method, however, the trailer does not have to be connected to a supply socket at the slaughterhouse, but may alternatively rely on its own onboard energy supply, possibly staying connected to the truck or other engine when in lairage.
As described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned slaughDK 179341 B1 terhouse, it is advantageous if, after lairage the poultry transport units are transferred from the trailer to a controlled atmosphere stunning (CAS) apparatus, and the controlled atmosphere is ventilated by mechanical ventilation directly into ventilation ducts extending into the interior of the transport unit to at least one gas outlet opening in every inner volume holding poultry in the poultry transport unit.
In a further development of the method according to the present invention a recordal system detects and records parameters selected from the group of a) ventilation air temperature, b) ventilation air humidity, c) outlet air temperature, d) outlet air humidity, e) CO2 level in outlet air, f) ambient temperature, g) ambient humidity, h) duration of transportation, i) duration of lairage, j) vibration level, k) noise level, and I) light intensity.
Some of these parameters are potential stress-factors for poultry, and a detection of these factors during transportation and parking may serve to document high welfare of the poultry, or document conditions that should be avoided or reduced. The detection and recordal may for specific parameters be compared with predetermined limit values and coupled to a warning system informing e.g. the driver, or an office, of the undesirable condition caused by crossing the limit value, and this may be used to change or control the conditions causing the warning. An example can be vibration caused by driving too fast on a rural road, and the warning can result in reduction of the speed.
Other of the stated parameters can be used to detect a poultry condition, such as whether the poultry is too warm. The outlet air humidity in combination with ventilation air humidity may show if the poultry is beginning to be too warm, and this information can be utilized in controlling the ventilation and obtaining improved welfare for the poultry. A recordal of one or more of the parameters may not only be used by the hauler to prove to his customer that the poultry have been treated properly during transport, but may for example also be used to provide the completed meat product with an animal welfare certification.
If choosing to focus on a limited number of factors it may be advanDK 179341 B1 tageous that at least the parameters c) outlet air temperature and d) outlet air humidity are detected and recorded, since these factors may have influence on the meat quality after slaughter.
It is preferred that the trailer holds a plurality of poultry transport units, or a plurality of stacks of poultry transport units, and that the recordal system detects and records the selected parameters for the individual poultry transport unit or the individual stack of poultry transport units. This allows the conditions in each poultry transport unit or the individual stack to be controlled independently in order to compensate for example for the temperature being higher at one end area of the trailer than at the opposite end area.
In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a poultry transport trailer for poultry transport units, which trailer has a ventilation system with ventilation devices and ventilation openings with forced ventilation, such as fans and ducts having openings, for ventilation of the poultry transport units, where the trailer is adapted for being temporarily loaded with poultry transport units, which in loaded condition on the trailer comprise multiple floor areas arranged in stacks on the trailer, and where an inner volume for holding poultry is present above the individual floor area.
With a view to obtaining improved poultry welfare and better meat quality the ventilation system on the trailer is arranged to supply at least 20 separate ventilation column end openings with mechanical ventilation, the individual ventilation column end opening being located at a side face of a poultry transport unit at the end of a ventilation column extending into the inner volume or inner volumes of the poultry transport unit, while said poultry transport unit is temporarily loaded on the poultry transport trailer. Effects of providing mechanical ventilation to ventilation columns extending into the inner volumes of the poultry transport unit appear from the above description, and the capacity to ventilate mechanically into at least 20 separate ventilation columns provides a minimum distribution of ventilation air to the inner volumes. The provision of ventilation columns inside the poultry transport units allows a more uniform distribution of ventilation air so that temperature, humidity and CO2 level can be kept more constant than what is possible when the ventilation air flow has to enter the transport units from outside the side faces. The ventilation from inside the inner volumes is also an advantage when the transport units have a relatively closed design, and it furthermore becomes possible to arrange the transport units close to each.
It is noted that it is possible to apply either an overpressure or an underpressure in the ventilation columns so that air is either pushed out of the ventilation columns and into the inner volumes, or pulled out of the inner volumes and into the ventilation column, respectively. The ventilation columns may be closed in one end. If using transport units with a pallet support, the ventilation columns may extend into or through the pallet.
In an embodiment of the poultry transport trailer, for each stack the ventilation system on the trailer has at least two ventilation openings arranged to be located adjacent at least two ventilation column end openings on the stack, when the stack has been loaded onto the poultry transport trailer. With vertically extending ventilation columns, at least two columns per stack provide more even ventilation within each inner volume. With horizontally extending ventilation columns there should be at least one ventilation column per inner volume. In other words, the number of columns should at least be comparable to the number of floors in the stack. If the poultry transport units have from two to five ventilation columns it is possible to have an overpressure in one ventilation column of a transport unit and an underpressure in another so that air flows from the one to the other, but it will usually be expedient to have the same type of pressure in all columns to provide ventilation openings in the side walls or floor of the transport unit, so that air flows between these openings and the columns. Some columns may be inside the transport units, while others are arranged at the sides of the transport unit, possibly providing ventilation for two neighbouring transport units at the same time.
The ventilation openings and the ventilation de-vices may be arranged at the roof of the trailer or at the floor of the trailer, and that the ventilation columns extend vertically within the stacks. The ventilation devices, such as fans or compressors, of the ventilation arrangement may then be provided at the ceiling and/or at the floor of the trailer. When having ventilaDK 179341 B1 tion devices both at the ceiling and at the floor, these may work together so as to increase air flows in the ventilation columns, or they may ventilation different columns. If several transport units are arranged on top of each other, ventilation devices at the ceiling may ventilate the upper trans-port units and ventilation devices at the floor may ventilate the lower transport units. Having the ventilation devices at the ceiling and/or floor potentially also gives free access to the trailer so that transport units may be loaded and unloaded from any side, but ventilation devices may also be provided at the sides of the trailer either as an alternative or as a supplement to ventilation devices at the ceiling and/or floor. Likewise, it is also possible to employ a combination of horizontal and vertical ventilations columns.
In an embodiment, the ventilation system has at least 20 ventilation openings and/or ventilation devices arranged at the roof of the trailer or at the floor of the trailer at positions corresponding with upwards or downwards facing ventilation column end openings on the poultry transport units temporarily placed on the poultry transport trailer. The arrangement at the roof makes it easy to provide space for loading the poultry transport units by lifting the ventilation section upwards while loading or unloading.
The trailer may be provided with at least one ventilation device per stack, and preferably with one ventilation device per ventilation column in the stack. This allows a very precise control of the ventilation to local inner volumes, for example providing more or colder air to columns at the centre of the trailer, where the temperature tends to be higher than at the sides, or allowing to compensate for pressures caused by the movement of the trailer, which may particularly influence transport of transport units with relative open side walls. It is thus advantageous if such ventilation devices are individually controllable, preferably controllable to deliver at least a preset ventilation rate (m3 air per second). This may for example be achieved by providing a fan at each ventilation column, but it is also possible to use one or a few fans connected to distribution channels, which are possibly provided with valves for controlling the air flow. Having more than one ventilation device per stack has the advantage that the ventilation is not interrupted entirely if one ventilation deDK 179341 B1 vice fails.
In an embodiment, the trailer is provided with a CO2 supply system providing the ventilation air with a CO2 content, preferably in the range of 3 to 22 percent by volume, and preferably the CO2 supply system obtains CO2 from exhale air from poultry and/or from exhaust gas from the transport drive vehicle. CO2 can be used to stun poultry, and the effective supply into the inner volumes by mechanical ventilation has been mentioned in the above description as an advantage of distributing the carbon dioxide via the ventilation columns. However, during transportation a lower concentration of CO2 may perhaps be used to make the poultry stay calmer during transportation without actually being stunned. Examples of prior art transportation in open crates have shown large weight losses caused by transportation, such as a weight loss of 15% of the initial body weight when initiating transportation. Apart from heat influences and resulting panting, poultry may also be anxious due to the completely new environment experienced during transportation - with noise, movements, sharp light - and this may also cause poultry to spend energy due to stress. By controlling the composition of the ventilated air, poultry may be affected to be calm, and this is an advantage both to the welfare and to reducing the weight loss. The ventilation system on the trailer according to the present invention is so efficient to evenly distribute the ventilation air that additions of e.g. carbon dioxide in small amounts are controllable. If the carbon dioxide content becomes higher than 22% by volume the poultry will likely become unconsciousness which is not seen as an advantage during transportation.
In an embodiment the trailer is provided with a recordal system for detecting and recording parameters selected from the group of a) ventilation air temperature, b) ventilation air humidity, c) ambient air temperature, d) ambient air humidity, e) outlet air temperature, f) outlet air humidity, g) CO2 level in outlet air, h) duration of transportation, i) duration of lairage, j) vibration level, k) noise level, and I) light intensity. This recordal system may run on the same processing device, or computer used for controlling the ventilation arrangement, or it may run on a separate processing device communicating with said processor device, and it will then be possible to use data from the recordal system for controlling the ventilation arrangement, for example providing an increased airflow in some ventilation columns if an unacceptable temperature is detected in the vicinity of this column. Alternatively, the recordal system may be an isolated system used only for detection and recordal purposes. The recordal system may also be associated wholly or partly with the transport unit, so that one or more of the parameters mentioned above may be detected and recorded even after the transport unit has been unloaded from the trailer.
The recordal system may include separate detector(s) and recording device(s), which may communicate via wireless connection(s), but it is also possible to use smaller local units, where detector and recording device are part of the same unit. Such units may be added to and collected from the transport units in connection with the filling and the emptying of the transport units, and they may be disposable or reusable.
The ventilation devices may include bellows or the like adapted for establishing a suitably air tight connection with the ventilation columns and/or the ventilation arrangement may include actuators for moving the ventilation devices into and out of contact with the openings of the ventilation columns.
A computer system adapted for automatically or semi-automatically controlling the ventilation arrangement may be provided on the trailer.
In the following examples of embodiments of the invention will described in further detail with reference to the schematic drawings, in which
Fig. 1 illustrates three transport units each including ten poultry transport containers arranged on a truck trailer with a height adjustable roof and a ventilation system,
Fig. 2 illustrates ventilation on a truck trailer loaded with transport units each including four and five poultry transport containers,
Fig. 3 illustrates a truck with the trailer loaded with transport units each including four and five poultry transport containers seen from the side,
Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a transport unit in a perspective view seen from above,
Fig. 5 shows a cross-section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 4,
Fig. 6 illustrates the poultry transport container used in the transport unit in Figs. 4 and 5 in a perspective view seen from above,
Fig. 7 illustrates the poultry transport container in Fig. 6 seen a perspective view from below,
Fig. 8 corresponds to Fig. 7 but seen from a slightly different angle, Fig. 9 shows the pallet in Fig. 4 in a perspective view from above,
Fig. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a poultry transport container in a perspective view seen from above,
Fig. 11 illustrates a further embodiment of a poultry transport container in a perspective view seen from above,
Fig. 12 illustrates still another embodiment of a poultry transport container in a perspective view seen from above,
Fig. 13 illustrates two trucks with poultry transport trailers and two parked trailers at a slaughterhouse seen in a schematic view from above, and Fig. 14 illustrates a controlled atmosphere stunning apparatus.
The back end of a poultry transport trailer 6 transporting poultry to the slaughterhouse is illustrated in Fig. 1 loaded with transport units 3 each having a width corresponding to the width of the floor 61 of the trailer. In the context of the present invention the term transport trailer is to be understood in a broad sense. The transport trailer can be a trailer to be driven by a truck drive unit, with a possibility of being parked in a condition disconnected from the truck drive unit. The transport trailer can be a part of an articulated truck, such as the hanger connectable to and trailing behind the truck or behind a trailer driven by the truck drive unit. The transport trailer may have twin wheels, a trailer axle boogie with two axles, several boogies or simply a wheel axle at either end. The transport trailer may be of standard size, or it may be of large size (XL), in particular of large length. The transport trailer may also be of smaller size, such as a lorry. The term transport trailer also encompasses railway wagons.
In the embodiment of Fig. 1 the roof 62 of the trailer is provided with a ventilation system comprising four ventilation devices 63 in form of a ventiDK 179341 B1 lator driven by an electric motor supplied with electricity from either the drive unit of the trailer, an accumulator on the trailer, or a power connection connected to a power supply at the farm, the slaughterhouse or another stationary supply point. The ventilation device provides forced (mechanical) ventilation to a ventilation pipe 64 extending along the length of the trailer 6. The ventilation pipe 64 supplies ventilation to a series of branched off outlets with ventilation openings 65. The individual ventilation opening 65 is located at a position corresponding with an end opening 39 of a ventilation column 16 in the transport units 3. When the roof 62 is lowered to be located on top of the poultry transport units, the outlets register with or are integrated with or come into engagement with ventilation column end openings 39 at the upper ends of the ventilation columns, thus allowing ventilation air to flow between the ventilation pipes 64 and the ventilation columns 16 and via the columns and ventilation openings therein through inner volumes of the poultry transport containers as indicated by the arrows. In this manner, every poultry transport unit or each stack of transport units is provided with forced ventilation. A section of the transport unit 3 sitting on the outermost end of the truck or trailer has been cut away to present a view of the ventilation columns 16 inside and the flow of air.
In this embodiment, the ends of the ventilation pipes 64 have been provided with collars 66 allowing a tight fit against the covers 5.
The ventilation devices may be individually controllable to provide ventilation conditions adapted to the local conditions in the inner volume or the inner volumes provided with ventilation from the ventilation device. A group of ventilation devices may be commonly controlled, such as when a special ventilation air composition is ventilated to all inner volumes, or when one side of the trailer is more exposed to sunlight than the other side. Ventilation devices may also be controlled to deliver less ventilation air when the natural ventilation is high, such as when driving at the maximum allowable speed, and to deliver more ventilation air when there is less or no supplement of ventilation air from the driving speed.
Air may flow out from the poultry transport units via the ventilation openings 20 in the side walls 12, 13 and it is also possible that the ventilation columns 16 continue through the pallets 2 so that air may escape via pallet openings 28, 38. Here ventilation openings 20 are shown in all four sides of the poultry transport units, but it may be expedient to have them only in the longitudinal side walls. The trailer floor 61 may also be provided with ventilation openings (not shown).
In Fig. 1 a single row of poultry transport containers 1 fills the floor of the trailer, but it is also possible to use poultry transport units of a smaller width and then arrange them in two, three, four or more rows extending in the length direction of the floor.
Fig. 2 illustrates another method for ventilating unloadable poultry transport units arranged on a trailer 106. Here the transport units 103, 103' are arranged in two layers on the floor 161. The transport units 103 in the lowermost layer each include five floors, while the transport units 103' in the uppermost layer include four floors. On the transport units in the second and third row from the driver's cabin the transverse side walls of the poultry transport containers forming the transport units have been removed to present a view to the inner volumes and ventilation columns 116. Openings in the transport unit covers 105 and pallets 102 allow the formation of common ventilation columns extending all the way from the roof 162 to the floor 161 via ventilation column sections 114 extending from the respective floors of the poultry transport containers and being arranged in continuation of each other into common ventilation columns.
In this embodiment the roof 162 includes an inner volume 167 in which an overpressure or an underpressure can be created using a ventilation device 163 arranged over the driver's cabin. When an overpressure is created in the inner volume 167, air is forced into the ventilation columns as indicated by the arrows and from there into the inner volumes of the poultry transport containers 101 and out through the ventilation openings (not visible) in the side walls 113 into a ventilation passages 136 between the transport units.
When openings 168 in the floor 161 of the trailer are left open, a conDK 179341 B1 stant flow of air through inner volume 167 of the roof, through the poultry transportation units, down along the outer sides of the units via ventilation passages 136 and out through the floor openings 168 can be obtained. This flow may be aided by the underpressure usually occurring on the underside of a truck when in motion. Ambient air may be led directly into the inner volumes of the poultry transport units, or the air may be conditioned with regards to temperature and/or humidity and/or chemical composition in the ventilation system.
An overpressure in the inner volume 167 in the roof 162 may also be achieved or aided by leaving a damper or a controllable gate 170 in the front side of the roof open, so that air is forced into the inner volume when the truck is in driving forward.
If the weather is very cold, there may be a need for heating the ventilation air to the transport units. This may be achieved by closing at least some of the exit openings 168 from the common ventilation columns in the floor 161 using controllable gates or dampers 169, and potentially also the inlet to the roof using controllable gate 170, and recirculating the air as indicated by the arrows on the third row of transport units. In this manner the body heat of the poultry is used for gradually heating the air, however, a certain amount of fresh air is typically admixed to ensure sufficient oxygen levels and to control the level of carbon dioxide. Recirculation may require an additional ventilation device, which may for example be in the form of local fans 166 arranged on top of each ventilation column 116, and such local fans may also be used alone in order to induce airflow into the ventilation columns.
It is also possible to add additives such as anaesthetics to the air in order to keep the poultry calm during transport. In one embodiment, this is achieved by including tanks with for example CO2 on the truck or trailer and add such gas to the air ventilated into the transport units via the ventilation columns, but it is also possible to collect exhaust gasses from the truck engine, sufficiently clean the exhaust gasses, such as by passing the gasses through a particle filter, one or more adsorption devices, and/or a zeolit filter removing volatile organic compounds, NOx, and/or SOx and possibly a filter with active carbon, and then add the cleaned gas to the ventilation air to the transport units via the ventilation system. Stunning of the birds while still on the truck is also possible, but will require a very speedy unloading of the transport units in order to have the poultry slaughtered in time.
The ventilation system of any of the embodiments described as well as other embodiment of the invention may be used for ensuring sufficient ventilation of the poultry transport units during loading of the truck. The loading of a typical poultry transport truck 106 as shown in its full length in Fig. 3 usually takes about one hour and it may therefore be expedient to have the ventilation divided in section as indicated by the broken lines. When section A has been fully loaded ventilation of this section is started, while loading continues in section B, and then section B is coupled into the ventilation and so on until finally starting ventilation in section C and section D. This may simply be achieved by providing air regulation mechanisms, such as dampers or valves in ventilation pipes extending along the length of the truck as illustrated in Fig. 1 or in an inner roof volume as in Fig. 2. The number of rows in each ventilation section A-D may vary depending on the size of the poultry transport units and the size of the trailer, and by providing sufficient regulation mechanisms it is even possible to adjust the size of the individual sections depending on for example the ambient temperature and the speed with which poultry transport containers are loaded.
The ventilation may be controlled in response to measurement of for example air temperature, air humidity, and/or CO2 level in either the air in the inner volumes of the poultry transport units or the ventilation air coming out of from the poultry transport units. Sensors measuring one or more of the mentioned air values may be arranged in the poultry transport units, possibly in the pallets thereof, or in the truck, and may be used for this purpose.
A recordal system may be used for controlling the ventilation and/or for recording different conditions of the ventilation system, poultry transport units and/or poultry. As an example, outlet air temperature and humidity and/or CO2 level at the exits may be used and indicators of the state of the poultry, while information about ambient air temperature and humidity may be used for evaluating a future need for adjustments. Other parameters such as ventilation air temperature and humidity and the duration of transportation etc. may be used for calculating expected values for other parameters and comparing real and expected parameters may be used for adjusting the ventilation.
The recordal system may comprise a local memory unit that follows the individual poultry transport unit in order to document the animal welfare conditions. Such a local memory unit may be for example be located in the pallet or in a cover or lid for the poultry transport unit, and may be connected to a central processing unit for the ventilation system on the trailer during the transportation. Alternatively, the recordal system may be supplied with the detected values and store them in a memory, or print outs of detected values is another manner of storing the information. It is also possible that the detected values are transmitted online to a central processing unit located on the farm, or at the slaughterhouse, or at the retail distributor selling the poultry to customers. In this manner end e.g. customers may have access to check the transport conditions for the poultry.
The poultry transport units 3 include several floors in a stack-like configuration. The several floors can be included in a common structure, like traditional containerized transport systems, where the outer side walls are common for all floors in the transport unit, and the floors may be movable at least in part with respect to the side walls in order to provide access for poultry.
The poultry transport units 3 may alternatively be embodied as a stack of individual poultry transport units 1, like the ones illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. Each poultry transport unit 1 has outer side walls 12, 13 and a floor 11 defining an inner volume, which can accommodate live poultry during transportation to a slaughterhouse. Three ventilation columns 14 extend upwards from the floor. In the stacked configuration the individual ventilation columns together form three continuous hollow cylindrical ventilation channels 16 composed of the ventilation columns 14 of the five poultry transport units 1, T being located in extension of each other. Each column section 14 is provided with ventilation openings 15 opening into the respective inner volumes so that it is possible at the same time to ventilate all of the poultry transport units 1,1’ in the transport unit by applying an air pressure on the ventilation column 16. In this manner it is possible to provide fresh air even to birds located at a distance from the side walls 12, 13. The air supply may also be used for heating or cooling of the inner volume of the container.
A ventilation column in a poultry transport unit 1 may be named a ventilation column section 14, because it becomes a section in a common ventilation column extending through a plurality of poultry transport units 1, when these are stacked to form a poultry transport unit 3. The single-floored poultry transport units 1 may also be called poultry transport containers 3, in order to distinguish them from the plural-floored poultry transport units 3. However, at the invention applies to both types of units, the common name is used for both types.
The poultry transport unit 1 illustrated in Figs. 6 to 8 has a floor 11 of mainly rectangular shape with two transverse side walls 12 and two longitudinal side walls 13, which together delimit the inner volume. The three columns 14 extend from the floor 11 up through the inner volume at a distance dT from the transverse side walls 12 and a distance di_ from the longitudinal side walls 13. These distances dT, di_ are adapted for providing space for at least one broiler in between each of the columns 14 and the respective side walls 12,13. The ventilation columns are arranged in a row along the centre length axis L of the container.
Each column 14 is adapted to serve as a ventilation column by being provided with elongate ventilation openings 15 extending over almost the entire height of the column. The openings here have a total opening area corresponding to approximately 40% of the total surface area of the column, corresponding to approximately 9% of the area of the floor of the poultry transport unit 1, but if a smaller opening area is desired, the openings may be shorter and/or narrower.
The columns 14 are cylindrical with a constant diameter dc, except for a small angled section 17 being provided at the joint with the floor 11. This angled section not only strengths the structure, but also allows a column of another container to project slightly into the hollow as shown in Fig. 5. In this embodiment the height he of the columns 14 corresponds to the height of the side walls 12, 13, but they may be made slightly higher in order to be able to engage with a column of another container.
Both longitudinal side walls 13 of the poultry transport unit in Figs. 4 and 5 are provided with recesses 19 corresponding in size and shape to half a ventilation column 14 and are also provided with ventilation openings 20, but there is no angled section and no cross. To ensure the stability of the poultry transport unit 1, even when fully loaded with poultry, a beam 21 spanning across each recess 19 is provided in continuation of the plane of the longitudinal side wall 13. This beam is also suitable for use as a grip when handling the container and/or the transport unit either by hand or automatically.
In the poultry transport unit 3 (Figs. 4 and 5), the recesses 19 in the side walls are located above each other, so that they form a semi-circular continuous hollow ventilation column 36 joined with the longitudinal side walls 13 and having ventilation openings 20. Air ventilated via the ventilation openings 15 in the ventilation columns 14 may flow out via openings 20 in the recesses 19 in the side walls. Ventilation air may also be flowing in the opposite direction from the openings 20 in the side walls to the ventilation columns, e.g. if an underpressure is provided in the ventilation channel 16. It is also possible to provide different pressures in different ventilation columns 16 so as to induce a flow of air from one ventilation column to another, thereby allowing ventilation even if there are no specific ventilation openings in the side walls.
When a transport unit 3 is arranged close to and aligned with another transport unit 3 of the same type, the recess channels 19 in these two transport units will be aligned and form one common ventilation channel with a circular cross-section corresponding to that of the channel 16 formed by the ventilation columns 14. A similar effect may be achieved by arranging the transport unit with the longitudinal side wall 13 close to a wall or the like, thereby closing the recesses 19 and creating a semi-circular ventilation column. The ventilation column 36 thus formed functions in the same manner as the ventilation passage 136 described with reference to Fig. 2.
The poultry transport unit 1 in Figs. 4-8 has a length of 240 cm and a width along the transverse side walls 12 of 80 cm and a diameter of the ventilation columns 14 of 20 cm, and the individual poultry transport units 1 have a height of 22.5 cm. Such a poultry transport unit 1 will span the entire width of a standard European truck trailer when arranged as shown in Fig. 1.
The pallet 2 used in Figs. 4 and 5 and shown alone in Fig. 9 is provided with a series of openings 27 on the same positions as the columns in the poultry transport units 1, so that the ventilation columns 16 continue through the pallet. Though not the case in the illustrated embodiment, the ventilation columns formed by the recesses 19 may also continue into the pallet. Horizontal openings 28 in the pallet 2 are adapted for engagement with the arms of a fork-lift (not shown) used for handling the transport unit 3. Such horizontal openings may contribute to the ventilation by being in communication with either of the ventilation columns 16, 19.
Another embodiment of a poultry transport unit 1 is shown in Fig. 10. This poultry transport unit 1 corresponds closely to those in Figs. 4-8 except for being smaller and with a different configuration of the ventilation columns and the same reference numbers will therefore be used.
The poultry transport unit 1 in Fig. 10 has a length and a width of 120 cm, a height of 22.5 cm and a diameter of the ventilation columns 14 of 20 cm. Two rows of poultry transport units 3 assembled from such poultry transport units 1 will fill the width of a trailer when arranged next to each other. The distance dT to the side walls without recesses is about 50 cm, and the distance di_ to the side wall opposite the side wall with the recess 19 is about 30 cm in the illustrated embodiment.
Another embodiment of a poultry transport unit 101 is illustrated in Fig. 11. Reference numbers corresponding to those used in Figs. 1-10 are used but with 100 added, and when nothing else is stated features having such corresponding reference numbers have the same function.
This poultry transport unit 101 too has three ventilation column sections 114 arranged to project from the floor 111 and to form a ventilation colDK 179341 B1 umn 116. The poultry transport unit 101 is of simpler design and the ventilation openings 115 are provided only at the upper edges of the column sections. These ventilation openings have a smaller total opening area than the ones shown in Figs. 4-8 and are located at level with the heads of the poultry.
The poultry transport unit 101 in Fig. 11 has no recesses in the side walls. Instead it is provided with a series of openings 120 in the upper section of the longitudinal side walls 113. A flange 126 projecting away from the inner volume of the unit serves as a distance keeper so that there will always be a ventilation passage 136 along the outer side of the longitudinal side walls. In addition to the vertical flow described with reference to Fig. 2, where the trailer is loaded with poultry transport units 103 built from poultry transport units 101 of this type, this allows ventilation air to flow in a horizontal direction along the outer sides of the side walls. The projecting flanges 126 may also be used as grips when handling the units. The trailer in Fig. 3 is also shown as loaded with poultry transport units 101 of this type.
All of the embodiments described above rely on the use of poultry transport units 1, 101 with ventilation column sections 14, 114 extending from the floor, meaning that the ventilation columns 16, 116 of the poultry transport units also extend in a substantially vertical direction, but it is also within the scope of the invention to use horizontal ventilation columns.
One example of a poultry transport unit system with horizontal a ventilation column is shown in Fig. 12, where the reference numbers corresponding to those used in Figs. 1-9 will be used. As may be seen this unit includes a column section 14 extending from one outer end side wall 12 to the other and having ventilation openings 15. When such poultry transport units 1 are arranged end-to-end, the column sections will form a common ventilation column 16 extending through them. The ventilation system on the trailer is then arranged along the side of the trailer, and is in principle formed like roof section 62 turned 90 degrees and mounted to the floor of the trailer. Alternatively, the ventilation system has connection pipes or conduits extending from the roof down along the side. In case the ventilation columns run in the horizontal direction recesses 19 with openings 20 as described with reference to Figs. 4DK 179341 B1 can be applied for contributing the ventilation and may form vertical ventilation columns 36 or horizontal ventilation columns when units are stacked on top of and next to each other. Accordingly, this embodiment of a poultry transport unit enables the combination of horizontal and vertical ventilation columns. Alternatively, the recesses may be omitted and replaced by simple openings in the side walls, or by an additional horizontal ventilation column.
The ventilation columns 16 in the poultry transport units 3 are terminated in ventilation column end openings 39. This applies both to horizontal and to vertical ventilation columns. The ventilation system has a ventilation opening located at the individual ventilation column end opening 39. In an alternative embodiment of the ventilation system, the ventilation system has a ventilation device located at the individual ventilation column end opening 39. With such an arrangement the ventilation can be controlled individually for each ventilation column, when the ventilation system is provided with a regulation or a control for the individual ventilation device.
When arriving at a slaughterhouse the poultry transport units are to be unloaded from the trailer. One possible way of doing this is illustrates in Fig. 13, where two trucks with poultry transport trailers 6 are parked in an unloading area next to a reception system 7.
One trailer 6 is parked in direct continuation of a conveyor 71 in the poultry reception system so that the poultry transport units 3 on the floor or the trailer may be transferred directly to the conveyor by being pushed or pulled in the length direction of the trailer. This may be done by using semiautomatic or automatic actuators, which are adapted to engage poultry transport units and which may be integrated in the trailer or in the reception system.
The other trailer 6 is parked in parallel with the conveyor so that the transport units can be push or pulled sideways off the trailer and onto the conveyor. This sideways unloading will allow a quick unloading of the system as all poultry transport units can be engaged at the same time and an external unit (not shown) used for pushing the poultry transport units off the trailer may be arranged on the side of the trailer opposite to the conveyor, but it is of course also possible to use semi-automatic or automatic actuators integrated in the trailer or in the reception system.
The conveyor 71 of the reception system 7 here also served as a feeding system for poultry transport units to a controlled atmosphere stunning (CAS) apparatus 72 by transferring poultry transport units received from the trailers directly to the CAS apparatus. One or more poultry transport units may enter into CAS apparatus at a time and though not shown here it is also possible to include a destacker for dividing poultry transport units 3 built from poultry transport units 1 into individual poultry transport units 1 before entering the CAS apparatus.
Fig. 14 illustrates a poultry transport unit 3 located in a chamber of the CAS apparatus. The apparatus has a ventilation device 200 with an array of four outlet openings 201 arranged to connect with the ventilation column end opening 39 of the poultry transport unit, when a movable support 202 within the chamber has moved the poultry transport unit up into an end position. Controlled atmosphere gas, like air with a certain content of carbon dioxide, is ventilated through a supply duct 203 into a manifold 204, which distributes the controlled atmosphere gas to each outlet opening 201. From the outlet opening 201 the gas is ventilated into the ventilation columns and out via ventilation gas outlet opening located in the inner volumes of the poultry transport unit 3. The number of outlet openings 201 in the manifold is adapted to the number of ventilation column end opening 39 in the poultry transport unit, and in case the ventilation columns are horizontal, then the manifold is located at the side of the chamber in order to correspond with the positions of ventilation column end openings 39.
In an embodiment (not shown) the CAS apparatus has a chamber sized to receive a single poultry transport unit 1 having a single ventilation column end opening, and in this embodiment the supply duct is in direct flow connection with a single outlet opening 201 without a manifold. This embodiment is very compact, and provides an effective stunning. In another embodiment the CAS apparatus has a chamber sized to receive a single poultry transport unit 1 having two ventilation column end openings, and in this emDK 179341 B1 bodiment the supply duct is in direct flow connection with two outlet openings 201 by making a single branch conduit in the end area of the supply duct without an actual manifold. In another embodiment the CAS apparatus has a chamber sized to receive a single poultry transport unit 1 having three ventilation column end openings, and in this embodiment the supply duct is in direct flow connection with three outlet openings 201 by making a two branch conduits in the end area of the supply duct.
Sometimes poultry transports arrive at the slaughterhouse at a time, where there is no available capacity in the stunning apparatus, and the trailers are then parked in a poultry lairage area 8 as shown at the bottom of Fig. 13. Each trailer 6' is coupled to a supply unit 81 via a cable and/or conduit connection 82, each supply unit having one or more supply sockets for operating the ventilation system on the trailer, so that the ventilation columns extending into the inner volumes of the poultry transport units continues to be ventilated as described in the above. In this manner it is possible to keep the poultry transport units on the trailer during lairage.
The supply units will typically supply electricity (power) to an onboard ventilation system on the trailer, but it may also or alternatively supply cooled or dehumidified air or other fluids. The on-board recordal system, if any, preferably keeps detecting and recording relevant parameters during the lairage period and the supply unit may also include sensors for detecting such parameters and may possibly be in communication with the on-board recordal system.
When the stunning and killing sections are ready for receiving the poultry transport units, the connection 82 is detached from the supply sockets of the supply unit and the trailer is taken to the unloading area 7 and unloaded as described above. In this embodiment only two supply units are shown, but clearly more may be provided. Likewise, it noted that the lairage area will usually be an outdoor area, but that coverage may be provided to protect the supply units from the weather.
i
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (17)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA201470058A DK179341B1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2014-02-05 | A poultry slaughterhouse, and a method of transporting live poultry, and a poultry transport trailer |
| PL18171003.9T PL3381275T3 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler chicken container as a component of a unit and an assembly |
| EP18171005.4A EP3381276A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler chicken container as a component of a unit and an assembly |
| KR1020167022986A KR20160111995A (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container with a base and side walls, which is designed and set up for receiving and holding at least five living broilers, in particular as part of a unit and an arrangement of a transport trailer |
| CA2938225A CA2938225A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container with a base and side walls, which is designed and set up for receiving and holding at least five living broilers, in particular as part of a unit, and an arrangement of a transport trailer |
| JP2016550539A JP2017505132A (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container with base and side walls, designed and set up to receive and hold at least 5 live broilers, especially as part of a unit, and transport trailer equipment |
| AU2015214966A AU2015214966A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container with a base and side walls, which is designed and set up for receiving and holding at least five living broilers, in particular as part of a unit and an arrangement of a transport trailer |
| BR112016017634A BR112016017634A2 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | CONTAINER FOR BROILERS WITH A BASE AND SIDE WALLS, DESIGNED AND CONFIGURED TO RECEIVE AND ACCOMMODATE AT LEAST FIVE LIVE BROILERS, IN PARTICULAR AS PART OF A UNIT AND AN ARRANGEMENT FOR A TRANSPORT TRAILER |
| CN201580018662.4A CN106163271A (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | There is the broiler container designing especially as cell mesh and assembling for receiving and keep at least five quick chickens of base and sidewall, and transtainer device |
| US15/116,806 US10660314B2 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container with a base and side walls, which is designed and set up for receiving and holding at least five living broilers, in particular as part of a unit and an arrangement of a transport trailer |
| DK18171003.9T DK3381275T3 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container as a component of a unit and an arrangement |
| EP18171003.9A EP3381275B1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler chicken container as a component of a unit and an assembly |
| PCT/EP2015/052398 WO2015118062A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container with a base and side walls, which is designed and set up for receiving and holding at least five living broilers, in particular as part of a unit and an arrangement of a transport trailer |
| EP15702503.2A EP3102028A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container with a base and side walls, which is designed and set up for receiving and holding at least five living broilers, in particular as part of a unit and an arrangement of a transport trailer |
| ES18171003T ES2928589T3 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-02-05 | Broiler container as a component of a unit and an arrangement |
| US16/019,149 US11166438B2 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2018-06-26 | Broiler container with a base and side walls, which is designed and set up for receiving and holding at least five living broilers, in particular as part of a unit, and an arrangement of a transport trailer |
| US16/019,082 US10912284B2 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2018-06-26 | Broiler container with a base and side walls, which is designed and set up for receiving and holding at least five living broilers, in particular as part of a unit, and an arrangement of a transport trailer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK201470058 | 2014-02-05 | ||
| DKPA201470058A DK179341B1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2014-02-05 | A poultry slaughterhouse, and a method of transporting live poultry, and a poultry transport trailer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK201470058A1 DK201470058A1 (en) | 2015-08-17 |
| DK179341B1 true DK179341B1 (en) | 2018-05-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA201470058A DK179341B1 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2014-02-05 | A poultry slaughterhouse, and a method of transporting live poultry, and a poultry transport trailer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DK (1) | DK179341B1 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1110471A (en) * | 1966-01-01 | 1968-04-18 | Potter & Sons Poultry Ltd W | Vehicle for transporting small live-stock |
| US4454837A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1984-06-19 | Moore & Sons, Inc. | Truck for transporting boxes of poultry |
| US6581544B1 (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-06-24 | Smithway, Inc. | Air conditioned trailer for transporting living fowl |
| US6817316B1 (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-16 | Lucien Joseph Roussy | Hatchling transport trailer |
| US20070026781A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-02-01 | Lang Gary D | System and method for treating live cargo such as poultry with gas |
| US20130074777A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-03-28 | Smithway, Inc. | Trailer for Transporting Living Fowl |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4454937A (en) * | 1981-07-14 | 1984-06-19 | Yang Long S | Clutch-brake device |
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2014
- 2014-02-05 DK DKPA201470058A patent/DK179341B1/en active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1110471A (en) * | 1966-01-01 | 1968-04-18 | Potter & Sons Poultry Ltd W | Vehicle for transporting small live-stock |
| US4454837A (en) * | 1982-11-12 | 1984-06-19 | Moore & Sons, Inc. | Truck for transporting boxes of poultry |
| US6581544B1 (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-06-24 | Smithway, Inc. | Air conditioned trailer for transporting living fowl |
| US6817316B1 (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-16 | Lucien Joseph Roussy | Hatchling transport trailer |
| US20070026781A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-02-01 | Lang Gary D | System and method for treating live cargo such as poultry with gas |
| US20130074777A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-03-28 | Smithway, Inc. | Trailer for Transporting Living Fowl |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK201470058A1 (en) | 2015-08-17 |
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