DK178895B1

DK178895B1 - Chill unit as well as application

Info

Publication number: DK178895B1
Application number: DKPA201670231A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Lau Mortensen
Original assignee: Skov As
Priority date: 2015-09-17
Filing date: 2016-04-15
Publication date: 2017-05-08
Also published as: DK201670231A1

Abstract

Opfindelsen omfatter en ventilationenhed til cirkulation af luft i bygninger såsom stalde, hvor enheden omfatter mindst et luft-indtag samt mindst to sæt dyser, idet luften er rettet mod bygningens vægge ved gulvet differentieret således, at luften fordeles, så alle områder langs vægge ventileres tilstrækkeligt ved høje udeluftstemperaturer. Opfindelsen omfatter desuden en metode til installation af ventilationsenhederne i bygninger samt anvendelsen af dem til dyrestalde.The invention comprises a ventilation unit for circulating air in buildings such as stables, the unit comprising at least one air intake and at least two sets of nozzles, the air being directed towards the building walls at the floor differentiated so that the air is distributed so that all areas along the walls are sufficiently ventilated at high outdoor temperatures. The invention further includes a method of installing the ventilation units in buildings and their use in animal sheds.

Description

Chili-enhed samt anvendelseChili unit as well as application

Opfindelsen angår en ventilationsenhed til cirkulation af luft i bygninger såsom stalde, som omfatter vægge, gulv og loft, samt enhedens anvendelse. Desuden angår opfindelsen en fremgangsmåde til installation af et antal ventilationsenheder ifølge opfindelsen i en bygning af arbitrær størrelse.The invention relates to a ventilation unit for circulating air in buildings such as stables comprising walls, floor and ceiling, as well as the use of the unit. In addition, the invention relates to a method for installing a plurality of ventilation units according to the invention in an arbitrary size building.

IndledningIntroduction

Et velkendt princip til ventilation af dyrehold er lavtryksventilation (Low Pressure Ventilation, LPV). Systemet fungerer ved, at luften trækkes ind gennem passive friskluftsventiler placeret eksempelvis som vægventiler i siden af stalden. Luften trækkes ud af stalden ved hjælp af aktive udsugningsventilatorer placeret fordelt i staldrummet.A well-known principle for ventilation of animal husbandry is Low Pressure Ventilation (LPV). The system works by drawing in the air through passive fresh air valves, for example, as wall valves in the side of the barn. The air is drawn out of the barn by means of active extraction fans located in the barn.

Systemet er velfungerende, men har sine begrænsninger, når temperaturen udendørs overstiger den ønskede temperatur i stalden væsentligt. I disse tilfælde kan man supplere systemet med køling i form af højtrykskøling, hvor vand forstøves ved hjælp af dyser placeret i luftstrømmen fra ventilerne.The system is well-functioning, but has its limitations when the outdoor temperature significantly exceeds the desired temperature in the stable. In these cases, the system can be supplemented by cooling in the form of high-pressure cooling, where water is atomized by means of nozzles located in the air flow from the valves.

Som supplement til LPV-ventilation har man i lang tid anvendt recirkuleringsventilatorer (også kaldet luftomrøringsventilatorer), hvor man skaber bevægelse i staldluften uden at skifte luften for at opnå et mere ensartet klima.In addition to LPV ventilation, recirculation fans (also known as air stirring fans) have been used for a long time, creating movement in the stable air without changing the air to achieve a more uniform climate.

Ingen af metoderne fjerner dog det grundlæggende problem, at der vil være områder langs væggene med stillestående luft, hvor dyrene ikke oplever den ønskede køling i de varme perioder. I de varme områder vælges det derfor i stedet ofte at anvende tunnelventilation, hvor luften trækkes ind gennem store åbninger i væggene i den ene ende af stalden og trækkes ud gennem store aktive udsugningsenheder placeret i den modstående gavl. Systemet er dyrt i såvel anskaffelse som drift og fordyres yderligere af, at man ofte er nødsaget til at supplere med et overrislingssystem, der køler luften, inden den trækkes ind i stalden. Dette sker ved at trække luften igennem en række filtre placeret i indsugningsåbningen, hvor disse filtre konstant bliver overrislet med vand og dermed holdt fugtige.However, none of the methods remove the basic problem that there will be areas along the walls with stagnant air where the animals do not experience the desired cooling during the hot periods. Therefore, in the hot areas, it is often preferred to use tunnel ventilation, where the air is drawn in through large openings in the walls at one end of the barn and drawn out through large active extraction units located in the opposite end. The system is expensive in both acquisition and operation and is further expensive because it is often necessary to supplement with an irrigation system that cools the air before it is drawn into the stable. This is done by drawing the air through a series of filters located in the inlet opening, where these filters are constantly sprinkled with water and thus kept moist.

Systemet fungerer, men der vil typisk være store variationer i temperaturen ned gennem staldrummet, da luften opvarmes på vejen ned gennem stalden.The system works, but there will typically be large variations in temperature down through the room as the air is heated on the way down through the house.

Mange stalde bygges som såkaldte kombi-tunnelstalde, hvor der etableres et LPV system til at give en energieffektiv og kontrolleret ventilation i de perioder, der tillader det, samt et tunnelsystem til de perioder, hvor temperaturen er for høj.Many stables are built as so-called combi-tunnel stables, where an LPV system is established to provide energy-efficient and controlled ventilation during the periods permitting, as well as a tunnel system for the periods when the temperature is too high.

Generelt anvendes kun en meget lille del af ventilationsluften til respiration. Hovedparten af luftskiftet anvendes til at skabe køling. Når temperaturen stiger, stiger behovet for ventilation skabt ved recirkulation således også. Lavtryksventilation med øget luftindtag som ved tunnelventilation udefra er ikke rationel ved høje udeluftstemperaturer. Teknologien er en relativ dyr måde at skabe køling på, da der skal skiftes meget store luftmængder for at skabe tilstrækkeligt høje lufthastigheder, således at det opleves som træk i dyrenes opholdszone. Der vil desuden være områder, hvor det ikke er muligt at skabe tilstrækkeligt høje lufthastigheder med traditionelle ventilatorer.Generally, only a very small proportion of the ventilation air is used for respiration. Most of the air exchange is used to create cooling. Thus, as the temperature rises, the need for ventilation created by recirculation increases. Low-pressure ventilation with increased air intake as with tunnel ventilation from the outside is not rational at high outdoor temperatures. The technology is a relatively expensive way of creating cooling, since very large volumes of air have to be changed to create sufficiently high air velocities, so that it is experienced as a trait in the animals' living area. In addition, there will be areas where it is not possible to create sufficiently high air speeds with traditional fans.

Et eksempel på en ventilator, som undgår trækvirkning under mange forskellige klimatiske forhold er beskrevet i DK 116759. Der beskrives en ventilator, som skal ophænges i staldens loft, og som har flere horizontale udblæsningstude, der både kan drøvles og forsynes med spjæld, så udblæsningsluften ikke sendes i retninger helt hen til emner i stalden, der blot vil reflektere indblæsningsluften. Ulempen ved denne ventilator er, at den ikke kan tilvejebringe den nødvendige ventilation og køling.An example of a fan that avoids tensile effects in many different climatic conditions is described in DK 116759. A fan is described which must be suspended in the ceiling of the barn and which has several horizontal exhaust nozzles that can both be sprayed and fitted with a damper, so the exhaust air do not send in directions all the way to items in the stable that simply reflect the supply air. The disadvantage of this fan is that it cannot provide the necessary ventilation and cooling.

Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er derfor at anvise en ventilationsenhed, som kan bevirke bedre og mere kølende ventilation både ved normale og ved høje udeluftstemperaturer end ventilatorer ifølge prior art kan samtidigt med, at den er driftsøkonomisk og acceptabel med hensyn til anskaffelsespris.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a ventilation unit which can provide better and cooler ventilation both at normal and at high outdoor air temperatures than fans of the prior art can, while being economical and acceptable in terms of cost.

Sammenfatning af opfindelsenSummary of the Invention

Opfindelsens formål tilgodeses ved en ventilationsenhed ifølge krav 1. Forskellige udførelsesformer fremgår af krav 2 til 6.The object of the invention is met by a ventilation unit according to claim 1. Various embodiments are shown in claims 2 to 6.

En metode til anvendelse af en ventilatorenhed ifølge krav 1 fremgår af krav 7.A method of using a fan unit according to claim 1 is set forth in claim 7.

En udførelsesform af metoden fremgår af krav 8.An embodiment of the method is shown in claim 8.

En anvendelse af ventilationsenheden fremgår af krav 9.Use of the ventilation unit is set out in claim 9.

En dybere analyse af problemet viser, som det ses af Fig.1, at luftstrømmen ved LPV-ventilation kun giver meget begrænset luftbevægelse i visse områder ude ved væggene i dyrenes opholdszone. Opfindelsen løser dette problem på en driftsøkonomisk og acceptabel måde med hensyn til anskaffelsespris.A deeper analysis of the problem shows, as seen in Fig. 1, that the airflow by LPV ventilation only gives very limited air movement in certain areas outside the walls of the animals' living area. The invention solves this problem in an economical and acceptable manner with regard to cost.

Opfindelsen gør det muligt at fjerne problemet med stillestående luft i siderne af stalden, og derved muliggør effektiv ventilation ved brug af LPV systemet ved højere temperaturer, end det tidligere har været muligt. Enheden gør det således muligt i en del situationer at undlade etableringen af tunnelventilation i stalde, hvor dette ellers kun vil være nødvendigt i en begrænset periode afåret. I andre situationer, hvor tunnelventilation fortsat er en nødvendighed, vil det være muligt at udsætte tidspunktet, hvor den væsentligt dyrere tunnelventilation indkobles. I det følgende beskrives udførelsesformer, der ikke skal opfattes som begrænsende for opfindelsen, under henvisning til tegningerne på hvilke:The invention makes it possible to eliminate the problem of stagnant air in the sides of the barn, thereby enabling efficient ventilation using the LPV system at higher temperatures than previously possible. The unit thus makes it possible in some situations to avoid the establishment of tunnel ventilation in stables where otherwise this will only be necessary for a limited period of the year. In other situations where tunnel ventilation remains a necessity, it will be possible to postpone the time when the significantly more expensive tunnel ventilation is switched on. In the following, embodiments which are not to be construed as limiting the invention are described with reference to the drawings in which:

Fig. 2 viser en ventilationsenhed ifølge opfindelsen.FIG. 2 shows a ventilation unit according to the invention.

Fig. 3 viser de ønskede retninger for luftstrømmene fra en ventilationsenhed med seks dyser ifølge opfindelsen.FIG. 3 shows the desired directions for the air flows from a six nozzle ventilation unit according to the invention.

Fig. 4 viser ventilationsenheden i Fig. 2 med dens dyser set fra neden.FIG. 4 shows the ventilation unit of FIG. 2 with its nozzles seen from below.

Fig. 5 viser et snit i 2D af den mindre dyse i ventilationsenheden i Fig.2.FIG. 5 shows a section in 2D of the smaller nozzle in the ventilation unit of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 viser et snit i 2D af den større dyse i ventilationsenheden i Fig. 2.FIG. 6 shows a section in 2D of the larger nozzle of the ventilation unit of FIG. 2nd

Fig. 7 viser en opdeling af et gulvareal i fiktive kvadrater.FIG. 7 shows a division of a floor area into fictional squares.

Fig. 8 viser eksperimentelt målte lufthastigheder for luftstrømmen ved anvendelse af ventilationsenheden vist i Fig. 2 og som beskrevet i eksemplet nedenfor.FIG. 8 shows experimentally measured air velocities of the airflow using the ventilation unit shown in FIG. 2 and as described in the example below.

Fig. 9 viser et simuleringsresultat lavet i 3D af luftstrømmen ved anvendelse af ventilationsenheden vist i Fig. 2, men her vist i form af et snit 30 cm over gulvniveau i 2D.FIG. 9 shows a simulation result made in 3D of the air flow using the ventilation unit shown in FIG. 2, but shown here in the form of a section 30 cm above floor level in 2D.

Fig. 10 viser samme simuleringsresultat som vist i Fig. 9 blot ved angivelse med højdekurver.FIG. 10 shows the same simulation result as shown in FIG. 9 simply by specifying the height curves.

Fig. 11 viser samme simuleringsresultat som vist i Fig. 9 blot i et lodret snit og kun den ene halvdel af rummet. Det øverste billede viser, hvorledes hastigheden af luftstrømmene i de forskellige retninger fordeler sig. På det nederste billede er luftstrømmenes retninger, som de er fordelt i rummet, angivet.FIG. 11 shows the same simulation result as shown in FIG. 9 just in a vertical section and only one half of the room. The top view shows how the velocity of the air flows in the different directions is distributed. The bottom image shows the directions of airflow as they are distributed in space.

Detaljeret beskrivelse af figurerneDetailed description of the figures

Fig. 2 viser udformning afen ventilationsenhed ifølge opfindelsen. Ventilationsenheden kan ophænges i et staldrums loft og omfatter et luftindtag (1), en midterenhed (2) og et fordelingshoved samt en aksial ventilator (ikke vist), der driver luften.FIG. 2 shows the design of a ventilation unit according to the invention. The ventilation unit can be suspended in the ceiling of a stable room and comprises an air inlet (1), a center unit (2) and a distribution head as well as an axial fan (not shown) which drives the air.

Luften sendes ud gennem seks dyser i fordelingshovedet, der retter luftstrømmen ud til væggene af stalden, hvor luften ellers har tendens til at være stillestående, som vist med principskitsen i Fig. 3.The air is sent out through six nozzles in the distribution head, directing the air flow to the walls of the barn, where the air otherwise tends to be stationary, as shown by the principle sketch of Figs. Third

Antallet af dyser er seks, to sæt å 3 fordelt symmetrisk, som, hvis ventilatorenheden placeres korrekt, har retning mod sidevæggene i en bygning. De midterste dyser (3) er let nedadrettede. Dette tager højde for, at afstanden ud til væggen her er kortest, mens afstanden ved de øvrige dyser (4) er længere. De øvrige fire dysers (4) nedre flade danner en vinkel med vandret, således at luften kastes længere for at opnå en optimal fordeling af luften. Det er væsentligt i en bygning med ventilatoren i midten, at udblæsningsluften når de modsat stillede vægge med en tilstrækkelig høj hastighed og heller ikke med en for høj hastighed, da f.eks. tjerkræ ellers vil dukke sig fladt ned mod jorden og således ikke være produktive. Dyserne peger derfor fortrinsvis i horizontal retning. Desuden skal afstanden mellem dyserne være så store, at luftstrømmene ikke kolliderer på vej hen mod væggen. Dette gør, at vinklen mellem dysernes retninger ikke må være for lille. Den må heller ikke være for stor, da målet er, at lufte/køle bedre langs hele væggen.The number of nozzles is six, two sets of 3 distributed symmetrically, which, if the fan unit is placed correctly, has a direction against the side walls of a building. The middle nozzles (3) are slightly downwards. This takes into account that the distance to the wall here is the shortest, while the distance at the other nozzles (4) is longer. The lower surface of the other four nozzles (4) forms an angle with the horizontal, so that the air is thrown further to obtain an optimal distribution of the air. It is essential in a building with the fan in the middle that the exhaust air reaches the opposite walls at a sufficiently high velocity and not at too high a velocity, as e.g. otherwise, the tar will flat out to the ground and thus not productive. Therefore, the nozzles preferably point in a horizontal direction. In addition, the distance between the nozzles must be such that the air flows do not collide on the way to the wall. This means that the angle between the directions of the nozzles must not be too small. It must also not be too large, as the goal is to ventilate / cool better along the entire wall.

Hvis der er tale om to sæt dyser å 3, skal i et sæt en mindre dyse være placeret, så den peger +/- 5° fra vinkelret på væggen og de to større, så de peger 35° - 50° fortrinsvis 45° fra vinkelret på væggen. Hvis der er tale to symmetrisk placerede dyser, som er et mindre optimalt valg, skal de være placeret 25° +/- 5° i forhold til vinkelret på en væg. Er der tale om 4 dyser placeres mindre dyser symmetrisk, så de peger 10° +/- 5° i forhold til vinkelret på en væg, og de to større, så de peger 35° - 50° fortrinsvis 45° fra vinkelret på væggen. Er der endnu flere dyser, placeres de jævnt fordelt efter samme princip.In the case of two sets of nozzles of 3, in one set a smaller nozzle must be placed so that it points +/- 5 ° from the perpendicular to the wall and the two larger ones, so that they point 35 ° - 50 ° preferably 45 ° from perpendicular to the wall. If there are two symmetrically positioned nozzles, which are a less optimal choice, they must be placed 25 ° +/- 5 ° relative to the perpendicular to a wall. In the case of 4 nozzles, smaller nozzles are placed symmetrically so that they point 10 ° +/- 5 ° to the perpendicular to a wall and the two larger ones point 35 ° - 50 ° preferably 45 ° from the perpendicular to the wall. If there are even more nozzles, they are evenly distributed according to the same principle.

Dyserne kan også være placeret på et halvkugleformet fordelerhoved og ikke nødvendigvis i et 100% horizontalt plan. Som følge heraf skal vinklen måles i forhold til et horizontalt plan defineret af nævnte dysers retninger eller defineret af nævnte ene dyses første retning og den anden dyses retnings komposant i det horizontale plan eller defineret af de to dysers komposanter i et horizontalt plan.The nozzles may also be located on a hemispherical distributor head and not necessarily in a 100% horizontal plane. Consequently, the angle must be measured in relation to a horizontal plane defined by the directions of said nozzles or defined by the first direction of said nozzle and the direction of the other nozzle component in the horizontal plane or defined by the components of the two nozzles in a horizontal plane.

Dyserne har gennemstrømningsarealer af forskellig størrelse, så de kan levere differentierede luftmængder, for at få luftet tilstrækkeligt langs hele væggen. Det betyder, at dyser mod hjørner kan kaste luften et længere stykke, så luften når væggen ved gulvet. Dyserne har samme gennemstrømningsareal, hvis de er placeret symmetrisk i forhold til den lige linie fra ventilator til væg. I så fald er det samlede gennemstrømningsareal på størrelse med det samlede gennemstrømningsareal af dyserne i Fig. 2.The nozzles have different sized flow areas so that they can deliver differentiated airflows to sufficiently ventilate the entire wall. This means that nozzles against corners can throw the air a long way, so that the air reaches the wall at the floor. The nozzles have the same flow area if they are located symmetrically with the straight line from fan to wall. In this case, the total flow area is the size of the total flow area of the nozzles of FIG. 2nd

Afstanden mellem dyserne er så stor, at luftstrålerne fra disse optræder som enkelstående fristråler, der ikke løber sammen ude i staldrummet. De enkeltstående luftstråler har større penetreringskraft i forhold til den stillestående luft i stalden sammenlignet med én bred stråle med samme volumenstrøm som f.eks. tre dyser kombineret. Årsagen skal bl.a. findes i, at en bred stråle har et uforholdsmæssigt stort overfladeareal mod stillestående luft, hvorved den bremses uforholdsmæssigt meget, sammenlignet med en cirkulær stråle.The distance between the nozzles is so great that the air jets from these act as single free jets that do not run together in the room. The single air jets have greater penetration power over the stagnant air in the stable compared to one wide jet with the same volume flow as e.g. three nozzles combined. The reason must include: It is found that a wide beam has a disproportionate surface area against stagnant air, whereby it is disproportionately braked, compared to a circular beam.

Der opnås med ventilationsenheden en højere lufthastighed ved vægge end ellers, så mennesker og dyr oplever en komforttemperatur ved endog høje udendørstemperaturer.The ventilation unit achieves a higher air velocity at walls than otherwise, so that humans and animals experience a comfort temperature at even high outdoor temperatures.

Det unikke i ventilatorenheden er, at omend den recirkulerer staldluften, så anvendes den målrettet til at øge lufthastigheden i dyrenes opholdszone i de områder, hvor det ellers er vanskeligt at skabe tilstrækkeligt luftbevægelse, nemlig ved væggene.What is unique about the fan unit is that although it recirculates the living room air, it is used purposefully to increase the air velocity in the animals' living area in areas where it is otherwise difficult to create sufficient air movement, namely at the walls.

En foretrukken måde at realisere opfindelsen på er som angivet i krav 3, at udgangen på en åbning er så cirkulær som muligt, da en afvigelse derfra alt andet lige vil betyde, at luften fra ventilatorenheden pga. større overflade af den strømmende luft bremses mere af luften i stalden, hvorved der tabes forholdvis mere inerti og dermed energi til staldluften på vej hen mod væggen, end hvis tværsnittet af volumenstrømmen er cirkulært.A preferred way of realizing the invention is as stated in claim 3, that the output of an orifice is as circular as possible, as a deviation from it all else will just mean that the air from the fan unit is braked more by the greater surface of the flowing air. the air in the stable, thereby losing comparatively more inertia and thus energy to the housing air on the way to the wall than if the cross-section of the volume flow is circular.

Figur 3 viser de seks retninger, i hvilke de seks dyser på en ventilationsenhed ifølge opfindelsen sender luft ud. Luften sendes nedad mod gulvet helt ude langs væggene. Der er længst til hjørnerne. Ventilationsenheder er angivet til at blive placeret i midten af fiktive kvadrater.Figure 3 shows the six directions in which the six nozzles of a ventilation unit according to the invention emit air. The air is sent downwards towards the floor all the way along the walls. There are furthest to the corners. Ventilation units are set to be placed in the center of fictional squares.

Figur 4 viser en detaljeret skitse af fordelingshovedet på en ventilationsenhed ifølge opfindelsen set fra neden. Staldens vægge er vinkelret på de to tynde dyser. De øvrige fire dyser er placeret, så de har retning mod et fiktivt kvadrats hjørner. Fordelingshovedet er udformet med en strømningsmæssig korrekt udformning, hvor der på bunden er en forhøjning, der sikrer, at luften fordeles ud mod de seks udblæsningers dyser uden opbremsninger eller unødigt tryktab.Figure 4 is a detailed view of the distribution head of a ventilation unit according to the invention. The walls of the barn are perpendicular to the two thin nozzles. The other four nozzles are positioned so that they face the corners of a fictional square. The distribution head is designed with a flow-correct design, with a bottom at the bottom which ensures that the air is distributed to the nozzles of the six blow-out no brakes or unnecessary pressure loss.

Figur 5 viser en dyse af den mindre type, der peger direkte ud mod sidevæggen. Den har en hældning på 10° nedad i forhold til vandret, idet dysen har kortere afstand til væggen, og toppen og bunden i dysen er parallelle. Derved presses luften i retningen af gulvet i det ønskede område. Eftersom afstanden til væggen er mindst for de to typer dyser, skal luften ikke kastes så langt som for den anden type. Lufthastigheden f.eks. 1 m fra dysen skal være lavere end for den anden type dyse. Dysen har derfor et mindre gennemstrømningsareal. Det er på 340 til 540 cm2 fortrinsvis 440 cm2.Figure 5 shows a nozzle of the smaller type that points directly to the side wall. It has a slope of 10 ° downwards relative to the horizontal, the nozzle having a shorter distance to the wall and the top and bottom of the nozzle being parallel. This forces the air in the direction of the floor in the desired area. Since the distance to the wall is at least for the two types of nozzles, the air should not be thrown as far as the other type. The airspeed e.g. 1 m from the nozzle must be lower than for the other type of nozzle. The nozzle therefore has a smaller flow area. It is preferably 340 to 540 cm 2, preferably 440 cm 2.

Figur 6 viser en dyse af den type, der peger ud mod de fire hjørner i de fiktive kvadrater dvs. mod vægge længere væk. Toppen af en dyse er rettet 9,74° nedad for at sikre, at luftstrålen ikke trækker op mod loftet. Bunden af dysen er vandret, så luften sendes vandret ud, idet der mod hjørnerne er behov for et længere kast på luften. Dysen har derfor et større gennemstrømningsareal. Det er på 540 til 740 cm2 fortrinsvis 640 cm2. I princippet kan dyserne være forskelligt arrangeret ved, at fordelerhovedets dyser er fordelt enkeltvist eller fortrinsvis parvist modsat rettet hinanden to og to på en ret linje gående gennem centeret i fortrinsvis horizontal retning.Figure 6 shows a nozzle of the type pointing towards the four corners of the fictional squares ie. against walls further afield. The tip of a nozzle is directed 9.74 ° downwards to ensure that the air jet does not pull up toward the ceiling. The bottom of the nozzle is horizontal, so the air is sent out horizontally, with a longer throw to the corners. Therefore, the nozzle has a larger flow area. It is of 540 to 740 cm 2 preferably 640 cm 2. In principle, the nozzles may be arranged differently in that the nozzle head nozzles are distributed singly or preferably in pairs opposite each other in a straight line passing through the center in a preferably horizontal direction.

Et andet aspekt af opfindelsen er en metode ifølge krav 7 til installation og brug af ventilationsenheden ifølge opfindelsen. Arealet af staldgulvet opdeles i et antal fiktive kvadrater med en sidelængde lig med staldens, idet et eller flere af kvadraternes sider deles med hinanden. Figur 7 viser en opdeling afen bygnings grundareal i fiktive kvadrater. B er bygningens bredde. I centeret af hvert af kvadraterne ophænges en ventilationsenhed i en højde, så luften fra ventilationsenhederne under brug leverer luft i retning mod væggene ved gulvet.Another aspect of the invention is a method according to claim 7 for installing and using the ventilation unit according to the invention. The area of the stable floor is divided into a number of fictional squares having a side length equal to that of the stable, one or more of the sides of the squares being divided with each other. Figure 7 shows a breakdown of the building's land area into fictional squares. B is the width of the building. In the center of each of the squares, a ventilation unit is suspended at a height so that the air from the ventilation units in use delivers air in the direction towards the walls at the floor.

Der bør ligge et fiktivt kvadrat op ad hver endegavl af bygningen. Eventuelt overskydende areal bør ligge mellem to eller flere kvadrater for at udnytte ventilationsenhedernes blæsearealer bedst muligt. Alternativt kan man justere luftens kastelængde.There should be a fictitious square on each end of the building. Any excess area should be between two or more squares to make the best use of the ventilation areas of the ventilation units. Alternatively, you can adjust the throw length of the air.

Luftens kastelængde kan tilpasses til forskellige staldbredder, idet enheden kan hejses op og ned. Ved bredde stalde placeres enheden således højere, så luften sendes længere ud, inden den når ned til gulvet. Er stalden relativt smal, kan højden reduceres.The throwing length of the air can be adapted to different housing widths as the unit can be hoisted up and down. Thus, at wide stables, the unit is placed higher so that the air is sent out further before reaching the floor. If the stable is relatively narrow, the height can be reduced.

Da højden kan justeres, og da man kan fordele enhederne efter den fiktive inddeling af staldrummet i kvadrater, kan enheden anvendes til stort set alle udformninger af stalde.Since the height can be adjusted and the units can be divided according to the fictitious division of the living space into squares, the unit can be used for virtually all types of housing.

Fig. 8 til 11 omtales i eksemplet nedenfor.FIG. 8 to 11 are mentioned in the example below.

EksempelExample

En stald med målene, bredde 15 m, længde 120 m og højde ved sidevægge 2,8 m og kiphøjde 4,9 m, blev ventileret vha. LPV-ventilation, som i dette tilfælde bestod i, at luft blev suget ind gennem vægventiler fordelt jævnt ned gennem stalden oppe mellem væg og det skrå tag vha. af traditionelle ventilatorer jævnt fordelt på de modsatte vægge oppe mellem væg og det skrå tag. Ventilatorer i gavlene var ikke tændt, og ventiler i modsatte gavle var lukkede. Disse ventilatorer og ventiler var tilegnet tunnelventilation, som således ikke var kørende. Midt i hvert af 8 kvadrater å 15x15 m fra væg til væg i stalden blev en ventilationenhed som i Fig. 2, der er forsynet med en aksialventilator med en ydeevne på 9000 m3/time, ophængt 1,4 m over gulvet.A stable with the dimensions, width 15 m, length 120 m and height at side walls 2.8 m and pitch height 4.9 m, was ventilated using LPV ventilation, which in this case consisted of air being sucked in through wall valves. evenly through the stable up between the wall and the sloping roof using traditional fans evenly distributed on the opposite walls up between the wall and the sloping roof. Ventilators in the gables were not switched on and valves in opposite gables were closed. These fans and valves were dedicated to tunnel ventilation, which was thus not running. In the middle of each of 8 squares of 15x15 m from wall to wall in the stable was a ventilation unit as in Figs. 2, which is equipped with an axial fan with a performance of 9000 m3 / hour, suspended 1.4 m above the floor.

Ventilatorenhedens indløb er udformet som en modificeret ISO dyse med en rundingsradius på 80 mm, og midterenheden (røret) har en diameter på 650 mm og en længde på 500 mm.The inlet of the fan unit is designed as a modified ISO nozzle with a radius of radius of 80 mm, and the center unit (tube) has a diameter of 650 mm and a length of 500 mm.

Luften drives af en aksialventilator (ikke vist) placeret midt i midterneheden. Luften sendes gennem de seks dyser i fordelingshovedet. Dyserne er opdelt i to grupper med tre dyser i hver, som ventilatorenheden i Fig. 2 og 4. Dens to typer dyser er vist i Fig. 5 og 6.The air is driven by an axial fan (not shown) located in the middle of the center unit. The air is sent through the six nozzles in the distribution head. The nozzles are divided into two groups with three nozzles in each, as the fan unit of FIG. 2 and 4. Its two types of nozzles are shown in FIG. 5 and 6.

De midterste dyser, hvor afstanden til væggen er mindst, og udgangshastigheden derfor skal være lavest, har et mindre gennemstrømningsareal på ca. 405 cm2, hvor de fire øvrige dyser har et gennemstrømningsareal på ca. 619 cm2. Dette giver en lufthastighed på 10,3 m/s målt 1 meter fra de midterste dyser, mens hastigheden er 11,4 m/s målt 1 meter fra de yderste dyser. Hermed sikres det, at dyserne rettet mod hjørnerne sender luften længere, og det påvirkede område får karakter af et kvadrat svarende til de fiktive inddelinger af stalden.The middle nozzles, where the distance to the wall is the least and the output velocity must be lowest, have a smaller throughput area of approx. 405 cm2, with the other four nozzles having a flow area of approx. 619 cm2. This gives an air velocity of 10.3 m / s measured 1 meter from the middle nozzles, while the speed is 11.4 m / s measured 1 meter from the outer nozzles. This ensures that the nozzles directed to the corners send the air farther, and the affected area will be characterized by a square corresponding to the fictitious divisions of the barn.

Luftens hastighed langs med væggene 30 cm over gulvniveau blev målt ud fra værdier fra væggene og 1 m vandret ud i stalden i flere punkter og midlet. Lufthastighederne blev målt vha. røggas og flowhastighedsmålinger. Middelværdierne er angivet i det fiktive kvadrat på Fig. 8. Målingerne var 0,86 m/s i hjørnerne og 1,1 m/s midtfor. Når ventilatoren ikke kørte, var lufthastighederne i punkterne 0,1 til 0,2 m/s.The velocity of air along the walls 30 cm above floor level was measured based on values from the walls and 1 m horizontally into the stable at several points and the mean. Air velocities were measured using flue gas and flow velocity measurements. The mean values are given in the fictional square of FIG. 8. The measurements were 0.86 m / s in the corners and 1.1 m / s in the middle. When the fan was not running, the air velocities in the points were 0.1 to 0.2 m / s.

Eksemplet viser den kraftige forøgelse af ventilationen langs væggene af en bygnings rum. Simulering af ventilationen er sket for et udsnit af stalden i staldens fulde bredde og højde. Fig. 9 og 10, som er i et snit 30 cm over gulvniveau, viser, at den forøgende ventilation opnås fra dyserne i to gange tre tykke luftstråler hen mod væggene og langs væggene. Resultatet er en væsentlig højere lufthastighed ved bygningens vægge, alt andet lige.The example shows the sharp increase in ventilation along the walls of a building's room. The simulation of the ventilation has been done for a section of the barn in the full width and height of the barn. FIG. 9 and 10, which are 30 cm above the floor level, show that the increased ventilation is obtained from the nozzles in twice three thick air jets towards the walls and along the walls. The result is a significantly higher air velocity at the walls of the building, all else being equal.

Fig. 11 viser simuleringen i et lodret snit blot af den ene halvdel af rummet, idet både fordelingen af hastigheder og retninger af luftstrømmene er anskueliggjort. Den positive virkning af ventilationen ifølge opfindelsen kan tydeligt ses ved at sammenligne med Fig.1. Lufthastighederne er meget større ude ved væggene.FIG. 11 shows the simulation in a vertical section only of one half of the room, illustrating both the distribution of velocities and directions of the air flows. The positive effect of the ventilation according to the invention can be clearly seen by comparing with Fig. 1. The air velocities are much greater outside the walls.

Claims

A ventilation unit for cooling and circulating air in buildings such as stables comprising walls, floor and ceiling, the ventilation unit comprising a center unit with at least one active air intake (1) at one end and a distributor head with nozzles in the center unit ( 2) opposite end, wherein the distributor head has at least two sets of nozzles that emit air in a preferably horizontal direction, and each set comprising 2 to 6 nozzles (3,4) whose flow relays increase with the distance from the center of the set to the extreme in the set, characterized in: (a) in which at least one set consists of two symmetrically positioned nozzles, each nozzle being positioned 20 ° - 30 ° preferably 25 ° relative to the perpendicular to a wall, or b) in which at least one set consists of 4 nozzles where 2 smaller nozzles (3) are symmetrically positioned to point 5 ° - 15 ° preferably 10 ° to each side relative to the perpendicular to a wall, and 2 larger (4) to point 35 ° - 50 ° preferably 45 ° to each side relative to t or perpendicular to the same wall, or c) in which at least one set of nozzles consists of 3 nozzles, where 1 smaller nozzle (3) is positioned so that it points +/- 5 ° preferably 0 ° from the perpendicular to the wall, and 2 larger ( 4) so that the nozzles point 35 ° - 50 ° preferably 45 ° to each side relative to the perpendicular to the wall, or d) in which at least one set consists of 6 nozzles, the nozzles being distributed at the angles indicated as in a combination of the embodiments ia) and b) or consists of 5 nozzles wherein the nozzles are distributed at the angles indicated as in a combination of a) and c), or e) preferably as ic) alone.

A ventilation unit according to claim 1 in which said flow areas have diameters in which the longest diameter does not vary more than 50% with respect to the shortest diameter.

A ventilation unit according to claim 1 or 2 in which the ventilation unit can be suspended in the building ceiling and wherein the air inlet (1) can take in air from the top of the center unit (2) and wherein the ventilation unit can preferably supply air from said at least two sets of nozzles. the lower part of the distributor head.

A ventilation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in which the nozzles (3,4) of the ventilation unit are distributed singly or preferably in pairs opposite each other according to size two and two in a straight line passing through the center of the distributor head in a preferably horizontal direction. .

A ventilation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in which the air inlet here is defined to be above, wherein for both sets of nozzles (3,4), the upper surface of the ventilation unit said at least one nozzle (3) in directions perpendicular to walls inclined downwardly, forming an angle of 8 ° - 12 ° preferably 10 ° with horizontal, wherein said at least one nozzle's lower face is parallel to said upper face and said at least one other nozzle (4) at an angle of 35 ° - 50 ° preferably 45 ° from perpendicular to walls inclined downwardly at an angle of 8 ° - 12 ° preferably 9.74 ° with respect to the horizontal, the lower surface of which is horizontal, the flow area of nozzles in directions perpendicular +/- 5 ° against walls (3) is 364 cm 2 to 446 cm 2 preferably 405 cm 2 and in directions towards walls at an angle of 35 ° -50 ° preferably 45 ° from perpendicular to walls (4) is 557 cm 2 to 680 cm 2 preferably 619 cm 2.

A ventilation unit according to claim 5 in which the air inlet (1) is above a housing and in that the distributor head has two sets of three nozzles, two nozzles (3), one in each set, perpendicular to and against walls. shorter away with a flow area of 405 cm2 and four (4) directed at an angle of 45 ° to and against said walls with a flow area of 619 cm2.

Method of ventilating a building comprising walls, floors and ceilings, by means of the ventilation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the area of the floor is divided into a number of fictional squares with a side length equal to the width of the stable. , wherein one or more of the sides of the squares is divided with each other, and in that said ventilation unit is suspended in the center by each of the squares at a height, so that the air from said one or more ventilation units in use delivers air towards the walls at the floor.

Method for ventilating a building according to claim 7, characterized in that the ventilation unit is placed if the suction takes place from above, so that said bottom of the distributor head is at a height of 1 to 2 m, preferably 1.2 m to 1.4 m, above that of the building. floor so that the air is delivered to the floor and if the suction takes place from below, the bottom of the distributor head is at a distance of 1 to 2 m, preferably 1.2 m to 1.4 m, from the level of a straight line between the top of two opposite adjacent walls so that air is delivered at said level.

Use of unit according to one or more of claims 1 to 8 for animal sheds, including animal sheds for Iron Cattle.