DK176873B1

DK176873B1 - Wear rail, fastener and methods

Info

Publication number: DK176873B1
Application number: DKPA200301377A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Steffen Naess-Schmidt
Original assignee: Carnitech As
Priority date: 2002-11-25
Filing date: 2003-09-22
Publication date: 2010-02-08
Also published as: DK200301377A

Description

DK 176873 B1DK 176873 B1

Opfindelsen angår en slidskinne med et profil, der udgøres af en glideflade til på glidefladen at understøtte emner, såsom transportbånd, samt et antal overflader, der forløber i en bane fra glidefladens ene kant til glidefladens modsatte kant, og hvor slidskinnen er fremstillet af et bærende materiale, 5 såsom et metal, der i understøtningens længderetning omsluttes helt af et polymert materiale.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a wear rail having a profile formed by a sliding surface to support articles on the sliding surface, such as conveyor belts, and a number of surfaces extending in a path from one edge of the sliding surface to the opposite edge of the sliding surface, material, such as a metal, which is completely enclosed in the longitudinal direction of the support by a polymeric material.

Desuden angår opfindelsen et fastgørelseselement til optagelse af en slidskinne.In addition, the invention relates to a fastening element for receiving a wear rail.

1010

Endvidere angår opfindelsen en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en slidskinne, samt en fremgangsmåde til samling af enden af en slidskinne til enden af en anden slidskinne, og en fremgangsmåde til støbning af en overgangsmuffe til en slidskinne, og endeligt en fremgangsmåde til støb-15 ning af en endemuffe til en slidskinne.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method of making a wear rail, and a method of joining the end of a wear rail to the end of another wear rail, and a method of molding a transition sleeve to a wear rail, and finally a method of molding an end sleeve for a wear rail.

Transportører, som anvendes i eksempelvis den fødevareforarbejdende sektor, skal kunne rengøres efter de krav, der stilles inden for de specifikke områder. Kravene til rengøring er generelt betragtet stadigt stigende, hvilket 20 naturligvis tilsvarende øger kravene til både materialevalg og design af komponenterne, som anvendes.Conveyors used in, for example, the food processing sector should be able to be cleaned according to the requirements set in the specific areas. The requirements for cleaning are generally considered steadily increasing, which of course increases the requirements for both material selection and the design of the components used.

De transportører, som anvendes i den fødevareforarbejdende sektor, er ofte udført i et polymert materiale såsom PE (PolyEthylen) PP (Poly-25 Propylen) eller POM (PolyOxyMethylen).The conveyors used in the food processing sector are often made of a polymeric material such as PE (PolyEthylene) PP (Poly-Propylene) or POM (PolyOxyMethylene).

Understøtningen af transportbåndene skal naturligvis kunne bære vægten af transportbåndene samt den masse, der transporteres på transportbåndene.The support of the conveyor belts must of course be able to carry the weight of the conveyor belts as well as the mass carried on the conveyor belts.

Understøtninger til transportbånd skal derfor fremstilles af materialer, som 30 2 DK 176873 B1 kan modstå en relativt stor nedbøjningskraft, og som samtidig er let at rengøre.Conveyor belt supports must therefore be made of materials that can withstand a relatively large deflection force and which are easy to clean at the same time.

Foruden kravet, om at slidskinner til understøtning af transportbånd skal 5 kunne modstå en stor kraft i den retning, hvor et transportbånd understøttes, hvilket normalt vil være vertikalt, er det samtidigt et krav, at slidskinnerne let skal kunne bøjes i et plan, der er vinkelret på den retning, i hvilket den understøttende kraft virker, hvilket derfor normalt vil være det horisontale plan. Hermed sikres, at slidskinnerne let kan bøjes i bue, der svarer til 10 drejningen af et transportbånd, som skifter retning.In addition to the requirement that wear rails for supporting conveyor belts 5 be able to withstand a large force in the direction in which a conveyor belt is supported, which will normally be vertical, it is also a requirement that the wear rails should be easily bendable in a plane that is perpendicular to the direction in which the supporting force acts, which will therefore normally be the horizontal plane. This ensures that the wear rails can be easily bent in an arc corresponding to the rotation of a conveyor belt which changes direction.

Det kan derfor udledes, at slidskinner til understøtning af transportbånd ideelt skal have en stor stivhed i en retning, som typisk er vertikal, men samtidig være relativ let at bøje i det derpå vinkelrette typisk horisontale 15 plan.It can therefore be deduced that wear rails for supporting conveyor belts should ideally have a high stiffness in a direction which is typically vertical, but at the same time be relatively easy to bend in the typically perpendicular horizontal plane.

Det er kendt at fremstille transportbåndsunderstøtninger i et metal, såsom en såkaldt rustfri stållegering eller i aluminium, hvilket kan sikre den nødvendige styrke. De rent metalliske understøtninger har imidlertid den 20 ulempe, at overfladen af metallet afsætter mørke spor i transportbåndene i berøringsfladen mellem understøtningerne og transportbåndene.It is known to manufacture conveyor belt supports in a metal, such as a so-called stainless steel alloy or in aluminum, which can ensure the required strength. However, the purely metallic supports have the disadvantage that the surface of the metal deposits dark grooves in the conveyor belts in the interface between the supports and the conveyor belts.

Foruden det potentielle hygiejneproblem, der ligger i misfarvningen af transportbåndene, giver misfarvede transportbånd et uæstetisk indtryk af 25 produkterne, som er stærkt uønsket.In addition to the potential hygiene problem inherent in the discoloration of the conveyor belts, discolored conveyor belts give an aesthetic impression of the 25 products which is highly undesirable.

For at kompensere for de negative effekter ved anvendelse af rent metalliske understøtninger til transportbånd, er det kendt at lægge en dækskinne fremstillet i et polymert materiale, såsom PEHD (PolyEthylenHighDensity), 30 mellem den metalliske bæreskinne og transportbåndet.To compensate for the negative effects of using purely metallic conveyor belts, it is known to place a tire rail made of a polymeric material, such as PEHD (PolyEthyleneHighDensity), between the metallic carrier rail and the conveyor belt.

i 3 DK 176873 B1 !i 3 DK 176873 B1!

Polymermaterialet, som anvendes, tilsættes undertiden bakteriehæmmende stoffer, såsom triklorsan.The polymeric material used is sometimes added to bacterial inhibitors such as trichlorosane.

PEHD materialet har i praksis vist sig at have de slid- og friktionsegenska-5 ber, der er ønskede ti! mange af de transportbåndssystemer, som typisk anvendes i eksempelvis den fødevareforarbejdende sektor.In practice, the PEHD material has been found to have the abrasion and friction properties desired. many of the conveyor systems typically used in, for example, the food processing sector.

Det har imidlertid vist sig, at det er uhensigtsmæssigt at placere en polymer dækskinne mellem transportbånd og understøtning, idet rengøringsproces-10 sen derved kompliceres, da både den metalliske understøtning samt den polymere dækskinne skal rengøres, når disse to komponenter kan adskilles.However, it has been found inconvenient to place a polymer tire rail between the conveyor belt and support, thereby complicating the cleaning process since both the metallic support and the polymer tire rail must be cleaned when these two components can be separated.

Fra US 4,932,517 kendes et skinnesystem, der kan anvendes som under-15 støtning af transportbånd, hvor en cylindrisk metalkeme er omsluttet af et polymert materiale, der i et tværsnit af længdeaksen har en halvcirkelformet overflade, som bruges til understøtning, hvor den anden halvdel af omkredsen er udformet ved sammensætning af konvekse og konkave delflader, der anvendes til montage af skinnen.From US 4,932,517 there is known a rail system which can be used as a support for conveyor belts, in which a cylindrical metal core is enclosed by a polymeric material having a cross-section of the longitudinal axis of a semicircular surface which is used for support where the other half of the the circumference is formed by the composition of convex and concave sub-surfaces used for mounting the rail.

2020

Praksis har dog vist, at det fra US 4,932,517 kendte skinnesystem har en række ulemper.However, practice has shown that the rail system known from US 4,932,517 has a number of disadvantages.

En af disse ulemper angår udformningen af den bærende metalkerne, der 25 fra US-skriftet er vist med et cirkulært tværsnit af skinnens længdeakse. En | sådan cylindrisk form har i forhold til materialeforbruget dårlige nedbøj-ningsegenskaber i længderetningen, og er derfor uegnet til effektivt at understøtte transportbånd.One of these drawbacks concerns the design of the supporting metal core shown in U.S. Pat. With a circular cross-section of the longitudinal axis of the rail. And | such a cylindrical shape has poor longitudinal deflection properties relative to the material consumption, and is therefore unfit to effectively support conveyor belts.

30 Desuden er en cylindrisk udformning af det bærende materiale uhensigtsmæssig, idet en sådan form i alle retninger har samme stivhed, hvilket ikke g DK 176873 B1 4 opfylder de tidligere anførte krav til de ideelle transportnderstøtningsskin-| ner, der indbefatter uens stivhed i to på hinanden vinkelrette planer.In addition, a cylindrical configuration of the support material is inappropriate, since such a form in all directions has the same stiffness, which does not meet the previously stated requirements for the ideal transport support rail | nons, which include uneven rigidity in two perpendicular planes.

En anden ulempe er den cylindriske overflade af skinnerne i det område, 5 hvor skinnerne er i berøring med det emne, der skal understøttes. Med en cylindrisk overflade vil berøringen mellem skinne og det transportbånd, som i givet fald skal understøttes, principielt kun ske i et punkt, hvilket vil give et stort slid på både understøtning og transportbånd i berøringspunkterne.Another disadvantage is the cylindrical surface of the rails in the region where the rails are in contact with the workpiece to be supported. With a cylindrical surface, the contact between the rail and the conveyor belt to be supported will, in principle, only occur at one point, which will cause a large wear on both the support and conveyor belt at the contact points.

10 Skinnesystemet beskrevet i US-skriftet har desuden den ulempe, at den kraft, hvormed skinnen kan understøtte et transportbånd, er begrænset af stivheden af de i skriftet beskrevne ophængningskroge, der sidder horisontalt placeret i forhold til de bærende skinner, hvilket betyder, at der ikke er et fast modhold af skinnesystemet i vertikalretningen, hvor kraftpåvirk-15 ningen er størst.In addition, the rail system described in the U.S. Patent has the disadvantage that the force with which the rail can support a conveyor belt is limited by the rigidity of the suspension hooks described in the script which are horizontally positioned relative to the supporting rails, which means that is not a fixed restraint of the rail system in the vertical direction where the force exertion is greatest.

Endeligt bemærkes, at kendte slidskinner, både den, der er kendt fra ovennævnte US-patent og eksempelvis US-patent nr. 6,202,834, ikke har en helt optimal ydre geometrisk form, som sikrer det højst mulige hygiejne-20 niveau, idet de kendte slidskinner har flader, hvor der kan opsamles urenheder, det være sig på nogle af slidskinnernes overflader eller ved overgangene mellem fladerne.Finally, it is noted that known wear rails, both that known from the above-mentioned US patent and, for example, US Patent No. 6,202,834, do not have a completely optimal outer geometric shape which ensures the highest possible hygiene level, since the known wear rails has surfaces where impurities can be collected, be it on the surfaces of some of the wear rails or at the transitions between the surfaces.

Det er derfor et formål med opfindelsen at forøge hygiejnen, når slidskin-25 nerne er i drift.It is therefore an object of the invention to increase hygiene when the wear rails are in operation.

Opfindelsens formål tilgodeses ved en slidskinne af den i indledningen til krav 1 angivne type, der er karakteristisk ved, at alle andre overflader af slidskinnen end glidefladen hælder nedad i forhold til vandret. På denne 30 måde hindres ophobning af urenheder på slidskinnen.The object of the invention is met by a wear rail of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that all surfaces of the wear rail other than the sliding surface are inclined downwards relative to the horizontal. In this way, accumulation of impurities on the wear rail is prevented.

t 5 DK 176873 B1t 5 DK 176873 B1

Til yderligere forøgelse af de hygiejniske forhold er det en fordel, hvis som angivet i krav 2, at overgangen mellem slidskinnens overflader er afrundede, hvilket betyder, at der heller ikke ved overgangene kan samles urenheder.For further enhancement of the hygienic conditions it is advantageous if, as stated in claim 2, the transition between the surfaces of the wear rails is rounded, which means that impurities cannot be collected at the transitions as well.

, 5, 5

Ligeledes forøges de hygiejniske forhold, hvis som angivet i krav 3 at slidskinnens nedre overflade er udformet som en drypkant, eller som angivet i krav 4, at glidefladen er vandret eller konveks.Likewise, the hygienic conditions are increased if, as indicated in claim 3, the lower surface of the wear rail is formed as a drip edge, or as indicated in claim 4, that the sliding surface is horizontal or convex.

10 Endeligt er det fordelagtigt af hensyn til at opnå de bedste hygiejniske forhold, hvis som angivet i krav 5 at overgangen mellem tilstødende overflader, der vender nedad i forhold til glidefladen, har nedadgående retninger, der i overgangen skifter fra skråt til venstre i forhold til lodret til skråt til højre i forhold til lodret eller omvendt.Finally, it is advantageous to achieve the best hygienic conditions if, as stated in claim 5, the transition between adjacent surfaces facing downwardly relative to the sliding surface has downward directions which in the transition shift from inclined to leftward relative to vertical to oblique to the right relative to vertical or vice versa.

1515

Som angivet i krav 6, ved at slidskinnen er udformet med en underskæring for optagelse af en nedholdstap, opnås en enkel måde at fastgøre slidskinnen til et holdeorgan eller et fundament, der har en til underskæringen passende udformning.As set forth in claim 6, in that the wear rail is formed with an undercut for receiving a holding pin, a simple way of attaching the wear rail to a retaining member or foundation having a design suitable for the undercut is achieved.

2020

Forsøg har i øvrigt vist, at optimale dimensioner af bærematerialer er, som angivet i krav 7, at det bærende materiale er et defineret profil med en må-letolerancegrad 11 (ISO 286) eller finere.Furthermore, tests have shown that optimum dimensions of support materials are, as stated in claim 7, that the support material is a defined profile with a dimension tolerance of 11 (ISO 286) or finer.

25 Som nævnt angår opfindelsen også et fastgørelseselement. Med henblik på at opbygge et helt transportøranlæg med slidskinner er det en fordel, hvis et fastgørelseselementet, som angivet i krav 8's indledning, er integreret i et fundament med flere fastgørelseselementer, og hvor hvert fastgørelseselement udgøres af et profil, f.eks. af rustfri stålplade, der har en udskæring 30 til optagelse af slidskinnens nedre overflader, og hvor udskæringen af-grænses af en bund, et modhold og en duktil eller elastisk tap eller en bund 6 DK 176873 B1 og to sådanne tappe. På denne måde sikres en hurtig og effektiv fastholdelse af slidskinnen i fastgørelseselementet.As mentioned, the invention also relates to a fastening element. In order to build an entire conveyor system with wear rails, it is advantageous if a fastening element, as stated in the preamble of claim 8, is integrated in a foundation with several fastening elements, and each fastening element is constituted by a profile, e.g. of stainless steel plate having a cut 30 for accommodating the lower surfaces of the wear rails and wherein the cut is bounded by a bottom, a retaining and a ductile or elastic pin or a bottom and two such pins. In this way, a fast and efficient retention of the wear rail in the fastening element is ensured.

i ; Fastgørelsen mellem slidskinnerne og fastgørelseselementerne kan yder- 5 ligere forstærkes, hvis som angivet i krav 9, at den frie ende af modholdet og af tappen er afsluttet med friktionsfremmende midler, såsom kroge, forhøjninger eller spidse og skarpe kanter.i; The fastening between the wear rails and the fastening elements can be further reinforced if, as stated in claim 9, the free end of the restraint and of the pin is completed with friction-promoting means, such as hooks, elevations or pointed and sharp edges.

Desuden er det en fordel, hvis som angivet i krav 10, at tappen ved over-10 gangen til bunden er udformet med en reces eller fordybning, idet det her-I ved er muligt med et håndværktøj at spænde tappen, som er duktil, mod slidskinnen og modholdet.Furthermore, it is an advantage if, as stated in claim 10, that the pin at the transition to the bottom is formed with a recess or recess, it is hereby possible to clamp the pin, which is ductile, to a hand tool. the wear rail and the restraint.

Til brug ved montering af slidskinnen på rør eller lignende er det fordelag-15 tigt, hvis som angivet i krav 11, at fastgørelseselementet er udformet som et profil der i sin øvre ende afgrænses af en snaplås, der har en geometrisk udformning som slidskinnens nedre overflader, og i sit nedre område har et holdeorgan, der er indrettet til at blive fastgjort mod et på tværs af slidskinnen forløbende profil.For use in mounting the wear rail on pipes or the like, it is advantageous if, as stated in claim 11, that the fastening element is formed as a profile which is defined at its upper end by a snap lock having a geometric shape as the lower surfaces of the wear rail. , and in its lower region has a retaining means arranged to be secured to a profile extending across the wear rail.

2020

Profilet kan hensigtsmæssigt, som angivet i krav 12, være firkantet.Conveniently, as indicated in claim 12, the profile may be square.

Endeligt kan, som angivet i krav 13, fastgørelseselementet være fremstillet som en sammenhængende kæde af fastgørelseselementer og afstands-25 elementer i en bestemt indbyrdes afstand.Finally, as set forth in claim 13, the fastener can be made as a continuous chain of fasteners and spacers at a certain spacing.

Som nævnt angår opfindelsen også nogle fremgangsmåder.As mentioned, the invention also relates to some methods.

Den første fremgangsmåde er, som angivet i krav 14, karakteristisk ved, at 30 et koldtrukket fladstål med en ydre geometrisk form som fladskinnen, ledes ind i en ekstruders kammer, der indeholder flydende polymer, og hvor ind- DK 176873 B1 7 gangen til ekstruderen udgøres af en metalplade med et hu!, der har et profil, der svarer til fladstålets, idet tolerancerne mellem fladskinnens ydre geometri og hullets geometri indstilles således, at den flydende polymer ikke kan trænge ud gennem hullet. På denne måde undgås, at flydende 5 materiale flyder ud gennem hullet og ind igen, som derved bevirker, at det undgås, at der på slidskinnen dannes et lokalt laminat i polymermaterialet.The first method, as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that a cold drawn flat steel having an outer geometric shape such as the flat rail is fed into an extruder's chamber containing liquid polymer, and the passage of the extruder. is made of a metal plate with a cap having a profile similar to that of the flat steel, the tolerances between the outer geometry of the flat rail and the geometry of the hole being set so that the liquid polymer cannot penetrate through the hole. In this way, liquid material is prevented from flowing through the hole and in again, thereby preventing the formation of a local laminate in the polymer material on the wear rail.

Med henblik på at samle to ender af slidskinner, som begge er afsluttet med polymermateriale, udføres dette hensigtsmæssigt ved, som angivet i 10 krav 15, at udføre følgende trin: a) en todelt matrice, der indvendigt et forsynet med varmelegemer sammenspændes, mod enden af den anden slidskinne, b) varmelegemerne bringes til at opvarme og sammensmelte 15 endernes polymere materiale, c) efter opvarmning afkøles den under b) tilvejebragte samling, hvorefter matricerne fjernes.In order to assemble two ends of wear rails, both of which are finished with polymer material, this is conveniently done by performing, as stated in claim 15, the following steps: a) a two-part die, which is internally clamped with a heating element, towards the end b) the heaters are heated and fused to the polymeric ends of the ends; c) after heating, the assembly provided under b) is cooled, after which the matrices are removed.

I tilfælde af to ender af slidskinner, hvis ender er blottet for polymermateri-20 ale, samles de fordelagtigt med en overgangsmuffe, der, som angivet i krav 16, kan støbes ved udførelse af følgende trin: a) en form bestående af to halvparter og med indre dimensioner, der svarer til slidskinnernes ydre dimensioner med polymert materiale, 25 sammenspændes om slidskinnernes ender, b) via et indløb i formen indsprøjtes et opvarmet polymert materiale, c) det indsprøjtede polymere materiale bringes til at størkne, hvorefter formen adskilles fra slidskinnen.In the case of two ends of wear rails, the ends of which are devoid of polymeric material, they are advantageously assembled with a transition sleeve which, as specified in claim 16, can be molded by performing the following steps: a) a mold consisting of two halves and with internal dimensions corresponding to the outer dimensions of the wear rails with polymeric material, are clamped around the ends of the wear rails;

30 Endeligt kan, som angivet i krav 17, en endemuffe støbes til en blotlagt slidskinnes ende ved udføre følgende trin: 8 g DK 176873 B1 a) en form bestående af en eller to dele påspændes en ende af slidskinnen, der på et stykke af enden er blotlagt for polymert materiale, b) via et indløb i formen indsprøjtes et opvarmet polymert materi- 5 ale, c) det indsprøjtede polymere materiale bringes til størkning, hvorefter formen adskilles fra slidskinnen.Finally, as set forth in claim 17, an end sleeve may be molded to the end of an exposed wear rail by performing the following steps: 8 g DK a) a mold consisting of one or two parts, an end of the wear rail being secured to a piece of the end is exposed to polymeric material, b) via an inlet into the mold, a heated polymeric material is injected, c) the injected polymeric material is solidified and the mold is separated from the wear rail.

Opfindelsen skal herefter nærmere forklares under henvisning til tegningen, 10 på hvilken fig. 1 viser et transportbånd, der understøttes af slidskinner, fig. 2 viser et tværsnitsprofil afen slidskinne, 15 fig. 3 viser et tværsnit af en slidskinne med et udsnit af topplanet forstørret, fig. 4 viser i tværsnit eksempler på forskellige udformninger af slidskinner, 20 fig. 5 viser et eksempel på et fikstur til fastgørelse af slidskinner, fig. 6 viser et eksempel på et fikstur til fastgørelse af slidskinner, fig. 7 viser i et tværsnit en del af et understøttet transportbånd med et på-25 monteret mekanisk element til styring af transportbåndet i forhold til slidskinnen, fig. 8 viser et transportbånd set fra oven med slidskinneunderstøtninger, der buer i samme retning som transportbåndet, 30 fig. 9 viser en ende af en slidskinne samt en endemuffe til samme, DK 176873 B1 9 fig. 10 viser enden af to slidskinner, som skal forbindes med en samle- muffe, der også er vist på figuren, fig, 11 viser et fastgørelseselement, der er monteret på et profil til en slid-5 skinne, fig. 12 viser et antal fastgørelseselementer ifølge fig. 1 monteret på flere slidskinner, 10 fig. 13 viser en principopstilling ved fremstilling af en samling af enderne af to slidskinner, fig. 14 viser en principopstilling ved støbning af en endemuffe til en slidskinne, medens 15 fig. 15 viser en principopstilling ved sammensvejsning af to slidskinner, der er afsluttet med et polymermateriale.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows a conveyor belt supported by wear rails; FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional profile of a wear rail; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a wear rail with a top plane section enlarged; FIG. 4 shows cross-sectional examples of various designs of wear rails; FIG. 5 shows an example of a fixture for fastening wear rails; FIG. 6 shows an example of a fixture for fastening wear rails; FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of part of a supported conveyor belt with an attached mechanical element for controlling the conveyor belt relative to the wear rail; FIG. Figure 8 is a top view of a conveyor belt with wear rail supports arching in the same direction as the conveyor belt; 9 shows an end of a wear rail and an end sleeve for the same, FIG. Fig. 10 shows the end of two wear rails to be connected to an assembly sleeve also shown in the figure; Fig. 11 shows a fastening element mounted on a profile for a wear rails; 12 shows a plurality of fasteners according to FIG. 1 mounted on several wear rails; FIG. Fig. 13 shows a set of principles in the manufacture of a joint of the ends of two wear rails; 14 shows a principle arrangement for molding an end sleeve to a wear rail, while FIG. 15 shows a principle arrangement for welding two wear rails completed with a polymeric material.

På fig. 1 ses et transportbånd 1, der understøttes af slidskinner 2, der er 20 fastgjort til et fundament 3. Transportbåndet vil i situationen vist i fig. 1 typisk bevæge sig i slidskinnernes længderetning, men i princippet kan transportbåndet også bevæge sig i andre retninger, eksempelvis på tværs ! af slidskinnernes længderetning.In FIG. 1, a conveyor belt 1 supported by wear rails 2 secured to a foundation 3. is shown in the situation shown in FIG. 1 typically move in the longitudinal direction of the wear rails, but in principle the conveyor belt can also move in other directions, for example transversely! of the longitudinal direction of the wear rails.

25 Det er klart, at slidskinnerne vil kunne placeres på andre måder end den i fig. 1 viste, eksempelvis i sildebensform eller på anden måde forskudt under transportbåndet, hvilket kan fordele sliddet på transportbåndet, men til gengæld vanskeliggøres styringen mellem transportbåndet og slidskinne.It is clear that the wear rails can be positioned in ways other than the one shown in FIG. 1, for example in herringbone form or otherwise displaced below the conveyor belt, which can distribute the wear on the conveyor belt, but on the other hand, the control between the conveyor belt and the wear track is made more difficult.

30 I det efterfølgende beskrives som udgangspunkt situationer, hvor transportbånd bevæges i retning af de understøttende slidskinners længderetning, j j 10 DK 176873 B1 men det begrænser naturligvis ikke omfanget af opfindelsen, der indbefatter alle variationer af slidskinneplaceringer i forhold til transportbånd og disses bevægelsesretning.In the following, situations are described in which situations where conveyor belts move in the longitudinal direction of the supporting wear rails, but this does not, of course, limit the scope of the invention, which includes all variations of wear rails in relation to conveyor belts and their direction of movement.

5 I fig. 2 er vist et udsnit af en slidskinne i henhold til opfindelsen, hvor et tværsnit af lændeaksen afbildet i 2A, er vist i 2B. Det bærende materiale 4, er omsluttet af et slidstærkt og rengøringsvenligt materiale 5. Fladen 6, som er i berøring med transportbåndet, som understøttes, er plant, hvorved sikres, at kraften mellem transportbånd og slidskinne fordeles på et rimeligt 10 areal, hvorved materialesiiddet reduceres til at acceptabelt niveau.5 In FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a wear rail according to the invention, in which a cross section of the lumbar axis depicted in 2A is shown in 2B. The support material 4 is surrounded by a durable and easy-to-clean material 5. The surface 6 in contact with the conveyor belt being supported is flat, thereby ensuring that the force between the conveyor belt and wear rail is distributed over a reasonable area, thereby reducing the material siding. to acceptable level.

!!

Det bærende materiale 4 er fremstillet således, at der er mere masse i det vertikale plan, som skal modstå trykket fra transportbåndet, end i det horisontale plan, som derved relativt let kan bøjes for eksempelvis at følge en 15 ændret bevægelsesretning af transportbåndet.The support material 4 is made so that there is more mass in the vertical plane to withstand the pressure from the conveyor belt than in the horizontal plane, which can thereby be relatively easily bent, for example to follow a changed direction of movement of the conveyor belt.

Sidefladerne, som forbinder toppen 6 med bunden 9 af slidskinnen, er ikke plane, hvilket ses af den vinkel, der er mellem fladerne anført ved 7 og 8.The side surfaces connecting the top 6 to the bottom 9 of the wear rail are not planar, as seen from the angle between the surfaces indicated at 7 and 8.

Når sidefladerne eller i det mindste en af disse ikke er retlinede, vil det 20 være muligt at anvende sidefladerne til styring af bevægelsen af transportbånd i forhold til slidskinnen, når transportbåndet bevæges i slidskinnens længderetning. Når en sideflade ikke er plan, men eksempelvis har en konkav udformning, kan en styretap i form af et mekanisk element monteret på transportbåndet styre transportbåndet i både en horisontal og vertikal ret-25 ning i forhold til slidskinnen, hvilket der vises eksempler på i fig. 7.When the side faces or at least one of them are not rectilinear, it will be possible to use the side faces to control the movement of the conveyor belt relative to the wear rail as the conveyor belt moves in the longitudinal direction of the wear rail. When a side surface is not planar but has a concave configuration, for example, a guide pin in the form of a mechanical element mounted on the conveyor belt can control the conveyor belt in both a horizontal and vertical direction relative to the wear rail, as exemplified in FIG. . 7th

Fig. 3 viser i A et tværsnit af en slidskinne i henhold til opfindelsen, hvor B viser et forstørret udsnit af slidskinnens øvre flade 6, som er i berøring med transportbåndet, som understøttes.FIG. 3 shows in A a cross-section of a wear rail according to the invention, where B shows an enlarged section of the upper surface 6 of the wear rail which is in contact with the conveyor belt which is supported.

3030

Af hygiejniske årsager er det vigtigt, at den vandrette flade 6 ikke er kon- DK 176873 B1 11 kav, idet fladen så vil kunne samle urenheder, så det er derfor væsentligt, at topfladen ikke er konkav, men plan og i praksis fremstillet med en tolerance, der kun accepterer konvekse afvigelser fra et ideelt plan.For hygienic reasons, it is important that the horizontal surface 6 is not concave, since the surface will then be able to collect impurities, so it is important that the top surface is not concave, but flat and in practice manufactured with a tolerance that only accepts convex deviations from an ideal plane.

5 I fig, 4 vises tværsnit af forskellige udførelsesformer af slidskinner i henhold til opfindelsen, hvor 4 viser det bærende materiale, og 5 viser det omsluttende polymermateriale.5 is a cross-sectional view of various embodiments of wear rails according to the invention, with 4 showing the supporting material and 5 showing the enclosing polymeric material.

For figurerne a-e gælder, at det bærende materiale er massivt, mens det 10 bærende materiale i f er hult, I fig. 5A vises et udsnit af et fundament, der er udformet med henblik på at bære en slidskinne. Mellem et modhold 15 og en tap 11 er der plads til montage af en slidskinne. Tappen 11, der eksempelvis er af stål eller alu-15 minium, er forsynet med et middel 10, såsom en bortskæring. På fig. 5B ses, hvorledes en slidskinne 2 er placeret mellem modholdet 15 og tappen 11, og hvor et håndværktøj 22, såsom en skruetrækker, er placeret i fordybningen 10. Når håndværktøjet bevæges i retning med tappen 11, vil tappen deformeres i retning mod slidskinnen, og såfremt det bærende ma-20 teriale i slidskinnen er fremstillet af et metal, såsom aluminium eller rustfrit stål, vil deformationen kunne medføre et permanent tryk af tappen 11 mod slidskinnen 2, der igen presses mod modholdet 15.For figures a-e, the support material is solid, while the support material in f is hollow. 5A is a sectional view of a foundation formed to support a wear rail. Between a retainer 15 and a pin 11 there is space for mounting a wear rail. The pin 11, for example, of steel or aluminum, is provided with a means 10 such as a cut-off. In FIG. 5B, it is seen how a wear rail 2 is positioned between the retainer 15 and the pin 11, and where a hand tool 22, such as a screwdriver, is placed in the recess 10. As the hand tool moves in the direction of the pin 11, the pin will deform in the direction of the wear rail, and if the supporting material in the wear rail is made of a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, the deformation may cause a permanent pressure of the pin 11 against the wear rail 2, which in turn is pressed against the restraint 15.

Såfremt slidskinnens sideflader, som vist i fig. 5B, har en konkav udform-25 ning, vil den viste fiksering af slidskinnen blive meget effektiv, såfremt modhold 15 og tap 11 komplementerer den modstående form.If the side surfaces of the wear rail, as shown in FIG. 5B, having a concave configuration, the shown fixation of the wear rail will be very effective if the abutment 15 and pin 11 complement the opposite shape.

Fig. 6 A viser en anden udformning af et fundament til slidskinner, hvor slidskinnen placeres mellem to tappe 11, hvor den ene eller begge tappe er 30 forsynet med midler 10 til anbringelse af håndværktøj, såsom en skruetrækker, med henblik på at fiksere en slidskinne placeret mellem tappene DK 176873 B1 12 ved deformation af tappene mod slidskinnen.FIG. 6A shows another embodiment of a base for wear rails, wherein the wear rail is placed between two pins 11, one or both pins 30 being provided with means 10 for applying hand tools, such as a screwdriver, to fix a wear rail located between the pins DK 176873 B1 12 by deformation of the pins against the wear rail.

Fig. 6 B viser, hvorledes fikseringen af slidskinner kan optimeres ved anvendelse af midler til fremme af friktionen mellem tappe eller modhold og 5 slidskinne. På 6b vises, hvorledes tappene 11 er forsynet med friktions-fremmende kroge 16, som væsentligt kan forøge friktionen i forhold til glatte flader.FIG. 6B shows how the fixing of wear rails can be optimized by using means to promote friction between pins or restraint and 5 wear rails. 6b shows how the pins 11 are provided with friction-promoting hooks 16 which can substantially increase friction relative to smooth surfaces.

I fig. 7 vises to eksempler på, hvorledes bevægelse af transportbånd 1 kan 10 styres i forhold til understøttende slidskinner 2 ved anvendelse af styretappe i form af mekaniske elementer 14, der er monteret på undersiden af transportbåndet. Styretappene er udformet således, at fladen, der er i berøring med slidskinnen, har en form, der komplementerer slidskinnens modsvarende flade.In FIG. Figure 7 shows two examples of how movement of conveyor belt 1 can be controlled relative to supporting wear rails 2 using guide pins in the form of mechanical elements 14 mounted on the underside of the conveyor belt. The guide pins are designed such that the surface in contact with the wear rail has a shape that complements the corresponding surface of the wear rail.

15 Når sidefladen af slidskinnen 2, der vender mod styretappen 14 monteret på transportbåndet 1, er udformet konkav, og styretappens modsvarende flade er komplementær til slidskinnens, vil transportbåndets bevægelse være styret i det vertikale plan og i mindst en horisontal retning, 20When the side surface of the wear rail 2 facing the guide pin 14 mounted on the conveyor belt 1 is formed concave, and the corresponding surface of the guide pin is complementary to the wear rail, the movement of the conveyor belt is controlled in the vertical plane and in at least one horizontal direction.

Som det kan udledes af fig. 7, vil det med anvendelse af to styretappe 14 på en eller to slidskinner med konkave flader i retning mod styretappene være muligt at styre transportbåndets bevægelse i alle vertikale og horisontale retninger.As can be deduced from FIG. 7, by using two guide pins 14 on one or two wear rails with concave surfaces in the direction of the guide pins, it will be possible to control the movement of the conveyor belt in all vertical and horizontal directions.

2525

Fig. 8 viser, set fra oven, hvorledes et transportbånd 1 drejer for at skifte retning, og hvor understøttende slidskinner 2 er bøjet til at følge transportbåndets bevægelse.FIG. 8 is a top view showing how a conveyor belt 1 rotates to change direction and where supporting wear rails 2 are bent to follow the conveyor belt movement.

30 På fig. 8 er endvidere vist, hvorledes styretappe 14 er placeret til styring af transportbåndets bevægelse i forhold til den modsvarende slidskinne.30 In FIG. 8 is further shown how guide pin 14 is positioned to control the movement of the conveyor belt relative to the corresponding wear rail.

DK 176873 B1 13DK 176873 B1 13

Fig. 9 viser enden af en slidskinne 2 set i et tværsnit 17 fra siden med det bærende materiale 18 ført længere frem end det omsluttende polymermate- i riale. En endemuffe, der matcher slidskinne endeformen, er vist set fra siden i 19 og set fra oven i 20. Endemuffen er typisk fremstillet i samme po-5 lymermateriale, som omslutter slidskinnens bærende materiale.FIG. 9 shows the end of a wear rail 2 seen in cross-section 17 from the side with the supporting material 18 advanced further than the enclosing polymeric material. An end sleeve that matches the wear rail end shape is shown from the side in 19 and seen from above in 20. The end sleeve is typically made of the same polymeric material which encloses the wear material of the wear rail.

Når endemuffen er påmonteret slidskinnens ende, er det bærende materiale fuldstændigt omsluttet af polymermaterialet, hvilket sikrer, at der ikke kan ophobes urenheder mellem det bærende materiale og den omsluttende 10 polymer.When the end sleeve is mounted on the end of the wear rail, the support material is completely enclosed by the polymer material, ensuring that no impurities can accumulate between the support material and the surrounding polymer.

Endemuffen kan med fordel udformes således, at arealet af slutmuffens endeflade, der vender længst væk fra den flade, der berører slidskinnens endeflade, er mindre end arealet af slidskinnens tværsnitsprofil. Hermed 15 opnås, at slidskinneenden, der er afsluttet med en endemuffe, let fanger styretappe monteret på transportbånd, der understøttes af slidskinnen. Fremstillingen af endemuffen forklares nærmere i forbindelse med fig. 14.The end sleeve can advantageously be designed such that the area of the end sleeve end face facing farthest from the surface touching the end surface of the wear rail is smaller than the area of the cross section profile of the wear rail. Hereby, it is achieved that the wear rail end, which is terminated with an end sleeve, easily catches guide pins mounted on conveyor belts supported by the wear rail. The preparation of the end sleeve is further explained in connection with FIG. 14th

I fig. 10 vises, hvorledes to slidskinneender vist i henholdsvis A og C er 20 samlet ved anvendelse af en overgangsmuffe vist i B. Overgangsmuffen 21 er udformet, så den har samme tværsnit 2 som de to slidskinner, der skal samles, blot med den forskel, at overgangsmuffen er hul, hvor slidskinnens bærende materiale befinder sig.In FIG. 10 is shown how two wear rails shown in A and C are respectively 20 using a transition sleeve shown in B. The transition sleeve 21 is designed to have the same cross-section 2 as the two wear rails to be assembled, with the difference only that the transition sleeve is hollow where the wear material of the wear rail is.

25 De to slidskinneender A og B samles ved, at begge enders fritlagte bærende materiale føres ind i overgangsmuffen. Overgangsmuffen vil typisk være fremstillet af samme materiale, som anvendes til omslutning af slidskinnens bærende materiale.The two wear rails A and B are assembled by inserting the exposed bearing material at both ends into the transition sleeve. The transition sleeve will typically be made of the same material used to enclose the wear material of the wear rail.

30 Efter samlingen af de to slidskinneender er slidskinnens bærende materiale fuldstændig omsluttet af det polymere materiale, og slidskinnerne kan ved DK 176873 B1 : 14 anvendelse af overgangsmuffer i princippet fremstilles i en vilkårlig længde.After the joining of the two wear rails, the wear material of the wear rails is completely enclosed by the polymeric material, and the wear rails can, in principle, be used in any length to use transition sleeves.

Overgangsmuffen kan eventuelt også være udformet således, at et stykke bærende materiale går gennem overgangsmuffen og er længere end det 5 omsluttende materiale, og fitter ind i slidskinneendeflader, der er udformet således, at det polymere materiale, der omslutter det bærende materiale, er ført længere frem end det bærende materiale.Optionally, the transition sleeve may also be formed such that a piece of supporting material passes through the transition sleeve and is longer than the surrounding material, and fits into wear rail end surfaces which are formed such that the polymeric material surrounding the supporting material is extended further. rather than the support material.

En hensigtsmæssig måde at fremstille en overgangsmuffe på er forklaret i 10 forbindelse med fig. 13.A convenient way of making a transition sleeve is explained in connection with FIG. 13th

På fig. 11 er vist et fastgørelseselement 22, som består af en snaplås, der, som det ses på figur 11, griber om slidskinnen 2. I fastgørelseselementets modsatte ende er der anordnet et holdeorgan 22 til montage på et profil, 15 der kan være et firkantrør 24, eller som vist til højre på figuren et fladstål 25, hvor det tilhørende holdeorgan er betegnet med 23. Andre udformninger af holdeorganet end de viste er naturligvis mulig.In FIG. 11, a fastening element 22 is shown which consists of a snap lock which, as seen in Fig. 11, grips the wear rail 2. At the opposite end of the fastening element is provided a mounting member 22 for mounting on a profile 15 which can be a square tube 24 , or as shown to the right of the figure, a flat steel 25, the associated holding means being designated 23. Other designs of the holding means other than those shown are of course possible.

På fig. 12 er vist et eksempel, hvor tre holdeorganer 22 er monteret på en 20 stang samlet i parallel.In FIG. 12, an example is shown in which three holding means 22 are mounted on a 20 rod assembled in parallel.

Idet der nu henvises til fig. 13, skal det nærmere forklares, hvorledes en overgangsmuffe kan støbes mellem to ender af slidskinner, der i deres en- j der er blotlagte.Referring now to FIG. 13, it will be explained in more detail how a transition sleeve can be molded between two ends of wear rails exposed at their ends.

2525

Som det ses, spændes en form 30, der består af to halvparter, hvoraf kun den forreste halvpart kan ses på figuren, mod to slidskinner, der har blotlagte ender, ved hjælp af de viste møtrikker.As can be seen, a mold 30 consisting of two halves, of which only the front half can be seen in the figure, is clamped against two wear rails having exposed ends by means of the nuts shown.

i 30 Via et indløb 34 i formen 30 indsprøjtes et opvarmet polymermateriale, som ! udfylder et hulrum 33 i formen, idet dimensionerne af hulrummet svarer til g 15 DK 176873 B1 slidskinnernes geometri med polymermateriale. Efter afkøling adskilles halvparterne fra hinanden, hvorefter overgangsmuffen er fremstillet.A heated polymeric material is injected via an inlet 34 into the mold 30 which! fills a cavity 33 in the mold, the dimensions of the cavity corresponding to the geometry of the wear rails with polymeric material. After cooling, the halves are separated and the transition sleeve is made.

På analog måde fremstilles en endemuffe til en slidskinne, der, som vist på 5 fig. 15, udføres ved at en form 35, der kan bestå af enten en eller to dele, sammenspændes omkring endestykket af en slidskinne, som er blotlagt for polymermateriale. Via et indløb 38 indsprøjtes et polymermateriale i formen 35, hvorefter endemuffen bliver fremstilet analogt til fremstilling af overgangsmuffen forklaret i forbindelse med fig. 14.In an analogous manner, an end sleeve is made for a wear rail which, as shown in FIG. 15, is performed in that a mold 35, which may consist of either one or two parts, is clamped around the end piece by a wear bar exposed to polymeric material. Via a inlet 38, a polymeric material is injected into the mold 35, after which the end sleeve is manufactured analogously to produce the transition sleeve explained in connection with FIG. 14th

1010

Endeligt vises på fig. 15, hvorledes to slidskinners ender kan samles, hvor enderne er afdækket med polymermateriale.Finally shown in FIG. 15, how the ends of two wear rails can be joined, the ends of which are covered with polymeric material.

En todelt matrice 40 spændes sammen om enderne af to slidskinner 41, 15 42.A two-part die 40 is clamped around the ends of two wear rails 41, 15 42.

Inde i matricen er der placeret varmelegemer 43 og 44, som under sammenspændingen af den todelt matrice presses med ligeligt tryk mod slidskinnerne 41,42.Inside the die are heaters 43 and 44 which, under the tension of the two-piece die, are pressed with equal pressure against the wear rails 41, 42.

2020

Varmelegemerne tilføres herefter spænding, som bevirker, at de polymere materialer opvarmes til smeltepunktet, hvorved de polymere materialer på henholdsvis den ene 41 slidskinne og den anden 42 slidskinne flyder sammen.The heaters are then supplied with voltage which causes the polymeric materials to heat to the melting point, whereby the polymeric materials on one 41 wear rail and the other 42 wear rail flow together.

2525

Et ikke vist luftkølesystem, der eventuelt er indbygget i matricen, kan afkøle det polymere materiale, hvorefter samlingen er fuldført.An air cooling system not shown, which is optionally built into the matrix, can cool the polymeric material after which the assembly is completed.

Claims

16 DK 176873 B1

1 Slide rail (2) having a profile formed by a sliding surface (6) to support on the sliding surface 5 items such as conveyor belts and a plurality of surfaces extending in a path from one edge of the sliding surface (6) to the opposite edge of the sliding surface, and wherein the wear rail (2) is made of a support material (4), such as a metal which is completely enclosed in the longitudinal direction of the support by a polymeric material (5), characterized in that all surfaces of the wear rail (2) other than the sliding surface ( 6) inclined downward in relation to the horizontal.

Wear rail according to claim 1, characterized in that the transition between the surfaces (6,7,8,9) of the wear rail (2) is rounded. 15

Wear rail according to claims 1-2, characterized in that the lower surface (9) of the wear rail (6) is formed as a drip edge.

A conveyor belt support rail according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sliding surface is horizontal or convex.

Wear rail according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the transition between adjacent surfaces (7,8,9) facing downwardly relative to the sliding surface (6) has downward directions which in the transition change 25 from inclined to the left. relative to vertical, to right angled to vertical or vice versa.

Wear rail for supporting conveyor belts according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the profile is formed with an undercut for accommodating a holding pin. DK 176873 B1 17

Fastening element (22) for receiving a wear rail (2) according to claims 1 - 6, characterized in that the fastening element (22) is integrated in a foundation (13) with several fastening elements (22) and each fastening element (22) is made up of a profile, e.g. of 5 stainless steel plates having a cutout for receiving the lower surfaces of the wear rails, wherein the cutout is defined by a base (12), a retainer (15) and a ductile or elastic pin (11) or a base (12) and two such pins (11).

Fastening element according to claim 7, characterized in that the free end of the head restraint (15) and of the pin (11) is terminated with friction-promoting means (16), such as hooks, elevations or pointed and sharp edges.

Fastening element according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the pin (11) is formed at the transition to the bottom (12) with a recess or recess.

Fastening element according to claims 7-9, characterized in that the fastening element (22) is formed as a profile which is defined at its upper end by a snap lock having a geometric shape as the lower surfaces of the wear rail (7,8,9). , and in its lower region has a retaining means adapted to be secured to a profile extending across the wear rail. 25

Fastening element according to claim 10, characterized in that the profile is square.

Fastening element according to claims 10-11, characterized in that the fastening element is manufactured as a continuous chain of fasteners and spacers at a certain distance between them.

A method of producing a wear rail according to claims 1-6, characterized in that a cold drawn flat steel having an outer geometric shape as the flat rail is guided into an extruder chamber containing liquid polymer and the entrance to the extruder is constituted by a metal plate with a hole having a profile similar to that of the flat steel, the tolerances between the outer geometry of the flat rail and the geometry of the hole being adjusted so that the liquid polymer cannot penetrate through the hole.

A method of assembling the end of a wear rail to an end of another wear rail according to claims 1-6, comprising the steps of: a) a two-part die, internally provided with heaters, clamped against the end of the second wear rail; b) the heaters are caused to heat and fuse the polymeric material of the ends, c) After heating, the assembly provided under b) is cooled, after which the matrices are removed.

A method of casting a transition sleeve by assembling two wear rails (2) according to claims 1-6, having end regions without polymeric material, comprising the steps of: a) a mold (30,40) consisting of two halves and having internal dimensions; corresponding to the outer dimensions of the wear rails with polymeric material, are clamped around the ends of the wear rails; (30.40) is separated from the wear rail (2).

A method of casting an end sleeve on a wear rail (2) according to claims 1-6, having an end region without polymeric material, comprising the steps of: d) a mold (35) consisting of one or two parts is clamped to one end of the wear rail e) exposed to polymeric material at one end of the end, e) injected into the mold via a heated polymeric material, f) the injected polymeric material is solidified and the mold is separated from the wear rail.