DK176099B1

DK176099B1 - Design of corners on profiles

Info

Publication number: DK176099B1
Application number: DK200401450A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Skoubo Johansen Joergen
Original assignee: Skoubo Johansen Joergen
Priority date: 2004-02-03
Filing date: 2004-09-23
Publication date: 2006-06-06
Also published as: EP1711287A1; WO2005075124A1; DK200401450A

Description

DK 176099 B1 iDK 176099 B1 i

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en metode til velkontrolleret og styret bukning af profiler uden brug af maskine eller specialværktøj, hvor bukningen 5 foregår vha. og hen over en tværliggende stang.The present invention relates to a method for well-controlled and controlled bending of profiles without the use of a machine or special tool, the bending 5 being carried out using and over a transverse bar.

BaggrundBackground

Det er kendt at bukke hjørner i eksempelvis U-profiler ved, at der udstanses overskydende materiale i U-profilets flige, for derpå at bukke profilet vinkelret 10 på dettes længderetning, således at de tilklippede profilflige bukkes mod hinanden. Dannelse af veldefinerede hjørner på denne måde kræver almindeligvis, at der for velkontrolleret bukning og for veldefineret hjømeudformning skal fremstilles bukkeværktøj med patrice og matrice til brug i eksempelvis en excenterpresse, hvor i hvert fald patricen må dimensioneres specifikt efter 15 dimensionerne på det U-profil, som skal bukkes. Fremgangsmåden er beskrevet i US patent nr. 3,3 05,998 og det fremgår, at der skal fremstilles værktøjer, som er tilpasset fra prafilbredde til profilbredde, ligesom der skal kunne etableres eksternt mekanisk modhold under selve bukkeprocessen, hvilke forhold både fordyrer og langsommeliggør processen.It is known to bend corners in, for example, U-profiles by punching excess material in the tabs of the U-profile, then bending the profile perpendicularly 10 to its longitudinal direction, so that the cut profile tabs are bent towards each other. Formation of well-defined corners in this way generally requires that for well-controlled bending and for well-defined corner design, bending tools must be made with patric and die for use in, for example, an eccentric press, where the patric must be dimensioned specifically according to the 15 dimensions of the U-profile. which must be bent. The method is described in US Patent No. 3,3 05,998 and it is apparent that tools adapted from prafile width to profile width must be manufactured, as well as to be able to establish external mechanical resistance during the bending process itself, which conditions both expensive and slows down the process.

2020

Det kendes i øvrigt at tilklippe fligene i eksempelvis et U-profil på en sådan måde, at der i hjørnet er dannet et rum, hvori en i hovedsagen cirkulær dorn kan indsættes yderst i hjørnet på tværs af planet udspændt af det bukkede profil. En sådan udformning af et hjørne kan være ønskelig, idet dornen vir-25 ker afstivende på hjørnet. I et sådant hjørne kan dornen desuden vælges længere end profilets bredde og virke funktionelt som f.eks. et hængsel el.lign. Ikke desto mindre er selve metoden til at bukke et sådant hjørne stadig blot den almindeligt kendte, hvilken proces i dette tilfælde er yderst uhensigtsmæssig, idet der i patricen og eventuelt også i matricen nødvendigvis 3 o skal være plads til dornen, hvorfor værktøjet fordyres yderligere.Furthermore, it is known to cut the tabs in, for example, a U-profile in such a way that a space is formed in the corner in which a generally circular mandrel can be inserted outermost in the corner across the plane stretched by the bent profile. Such a design of a corner may be desirable as the mandrel acts rigidly on the corner. Furthermore, in such a corner, the mandrel may be selected longer than the width of the profile and function functionally, e.g. a hinge or similar. Nevertheless, the very method of folding such a corner is still only the well-known one, which process in this case is extremely inappropriate, since in the die and possibly also in the die there must necessarily be room for the mandrel, which is why the tool is more expensive.

DK 176099 B1 2DK 176099 B1 2

Formål og beskrivelse af opfindelsenObjects and Description of the Invention

Formålet med nærværende opfindelse er at afhjælpe de oven for skitserede ulemper ved traditionelle bukkemetoder for profiler.The object of the present invention is to overcome the above outlined disadvantages of traditional bending methods for profiles.

Ved anvendelse af metoden ifølge denne opfindelse, formgives et hjørne på 5 et profil med en eller flere flige ved anvendelse af et stangelement, som under formgivningen fastholdes og styres af profilets mindst ene flig, således at stangelementet trykkes ud mod hjørnets ryg og i det mindste delvist formgiver hjørnet og bestemmer hjørnets geometri.Using the method of this invention, a corner of 5 is designed with a profile with one or more tabs using a rod element which during the shaping is held and controlled by the at least one tab of the profile, so that the rod element is pressed out against the back of the corner and at least partially shapes the corner and determines the geometry of the corner.

ίο Med et stangelement menes her eksempelvis et rør, en dorn eller eventuelt et profiljern, som lægges ind over profilets flig eller flige, hvor hjørnet skal dannes. Stangelementet kan i sin simpleste form være en massiv stang med et cirkulært tværsnit og af en større længde end profilets bredde.ίο By a rod element is here meant, for example, a pipe, a mandrel or possibly a profile iron, which is inserted over the profile tab or tab where the corner is to be formed. The rod element can in its simplest form be a solid rod with a circular cross section and of a greater length than the width of the profile.

15 Ifølge opfindelsen virker den indlagte stang som internt bukkeværktøj, og det mekaniske modhold skabes af profilet selv i takt med, at fligen eller fligene trykker mod stangen under selve hjørneformgivningen. Herved opnås endvidere den fordel, at profilet kan bukkes uden anvendelse af bukkeværktøj, som skal tilpasses det specifikke profils dimensioner og uden etablering af 20 eksternt mekanisk modhold, men ikke desto mindre på en sådan måde at hjørnets form stadig er geometrisk veldefineret, og selve bukket foregår som en mekanisk vel kontrol leret proces. Metoden ifølge opfindelsen udgør derfor en meget omkostningslav og økonomisk proces i forhold til kendte bukkemetoder, idet denne metode her i sin enkleste form kan udføres rent manuelt 25 uden brug af maskiner.According to the invention, the inserted rod acts as an internal bending tool and the mechanical restraint is created by the profile itself as the tab or tabs press against the rod during the corner design itself. Hereby, the advantage is also obtained that the profile can be bent without the use of bending tools, which must be adapted to the dimensions of the specific profile and without the establishment of external mechanical restraint, but nevertheless in such a way that the shape of the corner is still geometrically well defined, and the bending itself takes place as a mechanically well controlled process. The method according to the invention therefore constitutes a very low cost and economical process compared to known bending methods, since this method in its simplest form can be performed purely manually 25 without the use of machines.

Endvidere har metoden den fordel, at den er meget fleksibel og nemt kan bruges til formgivning af vidt forskellige profiler uden nødvendig forudgående tilrettelæggelse af den nærmere rækkefølge, ligesom den ikke kræver tids-30 krævende omstilling eller indstilling af værktøj, maskiner etc.Furthermore, the method has the advantage that it is very flexible and can easily be used for shaping widely different profiles without the necessary prior arrangement of the specific order, nor does it require time-consuming adjustment or adjustment of tools, machines etc.

Endnu en fordel ved metoden ifølge opfindelsen er, at det er langt nemmere at håndtere lange profiler, idet disse ikke, som ved traditionelle bukkeproces DK 176099 B1 3 ser, skal lægges ind i en stationær maskine, men derimod kan håndteres og formgives, der hvor de er med minimal flytten rundt. Ved særligt lange profiler kan traditionel bukning i en presse ligefrem være en umulighed, hvilken problemstilling nærværende opfindelse løser.Yet another advantage of the method according to the invention is that it is far easier to handle long profiles, as they do not, as with traditional bending process DK 176099 B1 3, have to be loaded into a stationary machine, but can be handled and designed where they are with minimal move around. For particularly long profiles, traditional bending in a press may even be an impossibility, which problem this invention solves.

55

Desuden er det med denne opfindelse muligt at påvirke profilet med en større kraftarm og derved opnå større moment under formgivningen, end hvis bukket foretages i eksempelvis en presse.Furthermore, with this invention it is possible to influence the profile with a larger force arm and thereby achieve greater torque during the shaping than if the buck is made in, for example, a press.

io Formgivningsmetoden er ikke begrænset til en bestemt profiltype og kan med fordel anvendes til bukning af f.eks. U, T, og L-profiler eller til profiler med flere flige end to.io The design method is not limited to a specific profile type and can advantageously be used for bending e.g. U, T, and L profiles or for profiles with more tabs than two.

Ligeledes opnås det fordelagtige ved opfindelsen, at det på grund af det in-15 terne bukkeværktøj som stangelementet er, er muligt at danne flere relativt tætsiddende hjørner efter hinanden, da værktøjet således ikke sidder i vejen.It is also advantageous in the invention that, because of the inward bending tool such as the rod element, it is possible to form several relatively tight-fitting corners one after the other, since the tool is not in the way.

I endnu en udførselsform af opfindelsen er profilets mindste flig eller flige udskåret således at udskæringen efter endt formgivning i det mindste delvist 20 har samme geometri som stangelementets tværsnit. Herved opnås dels, at fligen tidligt under formgivningsprocessen slutter til stangelementet, hvilket giver en mere velkontrolleret formgivningen og dels, at det færdigt formgivne hjørne fremstår tilnærmelsesvist uden åbninger med en så glat overflade som muligt.In yet another embodiment of the invention, the smallest tab or tab of the profile is cut out so that the cut-out after completion of the shaping has at least partially the same geometry as the cross-section of the rod element. This results in the fact that the tab joins the rod element early in the molding process, which gives a more well-controlled design and partly that the finished shaped corner appears almost without openings with as smooth a surface as possible.

25 I endnu en udførselsform af opfindelsen har stangelementet, som formgiver hjørnet, et cirkulært tværsnit. Stangelementet kan i endnu en udførselsform af opfindelsen have et trekantformet tværsnit eller være et i hovedsagen L-profil. Stangelementet kan ligeledes have varierende tværsnit igennem sin 30 længde. Profilets hjørne vil ifølge opfindelsen deformeres af selve stangelementet, hvorved man opnår den fordel at kunne bestemme den præcise endelige form af profilhjørnet alene ved valg af stangelementets form.In yet another embodiment of the invention, the bar element shaping the corner has a circular cross section. In another embodiment of the invention, the rod member may have a triangular cross section or be a substantially L-profile. The rod element may also have varying cross sections throughout its length. According to the invention, the corner of the profile will be deformed by the rod element itself, thereby obtaining the advantage of being able to determine the precise final shape of the profile corner only by selecting the shape of the rod element.

DK 176099 B1 4 I en udførselsform af opfindelsen formgives profilet i hele sin bredde. Herved opnås den fordel, at hjørnets endelige udformning kan kontrolleres og styres igennem hele bredden af profilet.In an embodiment of the invention, the profile is designed throughout its width. This gives the advantage that the final design of the corner can be controlled and controlled throughout the width of the profile.

5 I endnu en udførselsform af opfindelsen forbliver det stangformede element i hjørnet efter formgivningen. Herved opnås, at stangelementet bidrager til hjørnet med en afstivende effekt og giver profilhjømet en større stivhed, hvorved ekstra efterfølgende afstivning kan undgås. Ydermere kan stangelementet forblive i hjørnet og have efterfølgende funktionel betydning. Stan-10 gen kan eksempelvis være udformet som beslag eller organ til mekaniske funktioner som eksempelvis et dørgreb el. lign. Ved at beslaget således er integreret i profilet, kan selve procesgangen at skulle eftermontere et beslag undgås og endvidere fås et profilhjøme, som fremstår glat og ubrudt.In yet another embodiment of the invention, the rod-shaped element remains in the corner after shaping. This results in the fact that the rod element contributes to the corner with a stiffening effect and gives the profile hinge a greater stiffness, whereby additional subsequent stiffening can be avoided. Furthermore, the rod element may remain in the corner and have subsequent functional significance. The rods may, for example, be designed as fittings or means for mechanical functions such as a door handle or the like. like. By integrating the bracket thus into the profile, the actual process of having to retrofit a bracket can be avoided and a profile hammer that appears smooth and unbroken is also obtained.

15 I en yderligere udførselsform af opfindelsen lægges flere profiler ind i hinanden og formgives derpå samtidigt af det samme stangformede element. Herved opnås den fordel, at flere profiler kan formgives samtidig i samme arbejdsgang med en i de fleste tilfælde hurtigere og mere effektiv proces til følge.In a further embodiment of the invention, several profiles are interposed and then shaped simultaneously by the same rod-shaped element. This gives the advantage that several profiles can be designed simultaneously in the same workflow, which in most cases results in a faster and more efficient process.

20 I endnu en udførselsform af opfindelsen er profilet, som formgives af tynd-pladet stål.In yet another embodiment of the invention, the profile is formed of thin-plate steel.

I yderligere en udførselsform af opfindelsen anvendes metoden til at formgive 25 hjørnerne i en karm eksempelvis en dørkarm eller vindueskarm.In a further embodiment of the invention, the method is used to design the corners of a frame, for example a door frame or window frame.

Kort beskrivelse af tegninger * 30 Ide følgende beskrives opfindelsen med henvisning til figurerne, hvor figur 1 viser et profil før og efter bukning, DK 176099 B1 5 figur 2 viser et profil, hvor det materiale, der er for meget ved hjørnedannelsen, er blevet fjernet fra profilets flige, figur 3 viser et stangelement i indgreb med et profils flig under formgivningen 5 af et hjørne, figur 4 viser et hjørne på et profil, dannet af et stangelement med efterfølgende funktionel betydning som beslag, io figur 5 viser et hjørne på et profil, formgivet af et trekantet profil eller en vinkelprofil, og figur 6 viser en samtidig formgivning af hjørner på to U-profiler lagt inden i hinanden.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS * 30 The following invention is described with reference to the figures, wherein Figure 1 shows a profile before and after bending, Figure 17 shows a profile in which the material which is too much at the corner formation has been removed from the profile tab, Figure 3 shows a bar element engaging a profile tab during shaping 5 of a corner, Figure 4 shows a corner of a profile formed by a bar element with subsequent functional significance as a bracket, and Figure 5 shows a corner of a profile, shaped by a triangular profile or an angular profile, and figure 6 shows a simultaneous shaping of corners on two U-profiles laid within each other.

I 15I 15

Beskrivelse af udførelsesformer I figur 1 er skitseret et profil før (101) og efter (102) bukning omkring ombukningsaksen (103). Profilet kan bukkes i alle vinkler ifølge opfindelsen og ikke 2 0 nødvendigvis kun i en ret vinkel på 90°. Ombukningsaksen (103) ligger på tværs af profilets længdeakse (105) men ikke nødvendigvis vinkelret herpå.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS In Figure 1, a profile is sketched before (101) and after (102) bending around the bending axis (103). The profile can be bent at all angles according to the invention and not necessarily only at a right angle of 90 °. The bending axis (103) lies across the longitudinal axis (105) of the profile but not necessarily perpendicular thereto.

I figur 2 er vist et U-profil med to flige (201) og en ryg (202), hvor profilet er klar til at blive bukket. I profilets to flige (201) er udstanset, klippet eller på 25 anden vis fjernet dels det for det færdigformede hjørne overflødige materiale, dels yderligere materiale svarende til stangens tværsnit. Inden formgivningen lægges et stangelement ned i udstansningerne (203) på tværs af profilet langs ombukningsaksen (205). Udstansningen er i det viste eksempel udformet efter den cirkulære doms radius og således, at der for ideel formgivning, 30 er afstand (207) mellem de markerede centre på i hovedsagen 1/4 af dornens omkreds og således, at rundingerne (208 & 209) har samme radius som dornen, som vist i forstørrelsen af udskæringen indsat i figur 2.Figure 2 shows a U-profile with two tabs (201) and a back (202) where the profile is ready to be bent. In the two tabs (201) of the profile, punched, cut or otherwise removed partly the excess material for the finished corner and partly additional material corresponding to the cross-section of the rod. Prior to shaping, a rod element is deposited in the punches (203) across the profile along the folding axis (205). In the example shown, the punch is formed according to the radius of the circular judgment and so that for ideal shaping, there is a distance (207) between the marked centers on substantially 1/4 of the circumference of the mandrel and so that the rounds (208 & 209) has the same radius as the mandrel, as shown in the magnification of the cutout inserted in Figure 2.

DK 176099 B1 6 I figur 3 er vist et profil (301) set fra siden under bukning, som angivet ved pilenes retning. Profilets hjørne formgives af en dorn (303) (vist gennemskåret), som her har et cirkulært tværsnit, hvilket medfører, at det færdige profilhjørnes ryg (305) vil have en runding givet ved dornens runding. På grund af 5 udskæringens særlige form vil dornen meget tidligt under formgivningen blive fastholdt og styret af det tilstødende af profilfligen eller fligene (304), hvorved dornen trykkes ud mod hjørnets ryg (305) og formgiver dette. På denne måde virker den indlagte stang som internt bukkeværktøj, og det mekaniske modhold skabes af profilet selv i takt med, at fligen eller fligene trykker mod io stangen under selve hjørneformgivningen. I en foretrukket udgave af opfindelsen er udskæringen af en sådan form, at kanterne i fligene meget tidligt kommer i kontakt med dornen, hvorved man opnår en velkontrolleret og styret formgivning af hjørnet.In Figure 3, a profile (301) is shown from the side during bending, as indicated by the direction of the arrows. The corner of the profile is formed by a mandrel (303) (shown in cross section), which here has a circular cross section, which means that the back of the finished profile corner (305) will have a rounding given by the rounding of the mandrel. Due to the special shape of the cut, the mandrel will be retained and controlled very early during the shaping by the adjacent of the profile tabs or tabs (304), thereby pushing the mandrel against the back of the corner (305) and shaping this. In this way, the inserted rod acts as an internal bending tool and the mechanical restraint is created by the profile itself as the tab or tabs press against the rod during the corner design itself. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cutout is of such a shape that the edges of the tabs come into contact with the mandrel very early, thus achieving a well-controlled and controlled shaping of the corner.

15 Efter at formgivningen af hjørnet er tilvejebragt, kan domen eller stangelementet efterlades i hjørnet og derved bidrage med en afstivende effekt til hjørnet. En anden mulighed ifølge opfindelsen er, at tvinge profilbenene en smule fra hinanden igen, hvorved stangelementet sidder løst og kan fjernes, hvorefter hjørnet kan klemmes sammen igen.After the shaping of the corner is provided, the dome or rod element can be left in the corner thereby contributing to a stiffening effect to the corner. Another option according to the invention is to force the profile legs back a little apart, whereby the rod element is loosened and removable, after which the corner can be clamped again.

2020

Formgivningen af profilhjørner kan ifølge opfindelsen anvendes på profiler med såvel én som flere flige, eksempelvis til U-, L- og T-profiler eller til profiler med flere flige end to. Det er ligeledes muligt ifølge anvendelsen at lave flere relativt tætsiddende hjørner efter hinanden på samme profil, idet det 25 her, i forhold til traditionelle bukkeoperationer med eksempelvis en ex-centrerpresse, er lettere at komme til med værktøjet, som jo kun består af stangelementet og profilet selv i forening.According to the invention, the design of profile corners can be applied to profiles with one and more tabs, for example for U, L and T profiles or for profiles with more than two tabs. It is also possible, according to the application, to make several relatively tight-fitting corners one after the other on the same profile, since it is easier here, compared to traditional bending operations with, for example, an eccentric press, to use the tool, which consists only of the rod element and profile even in association.

I figur 4 er vist et hjørne formgivet af et stangelement (7), hvilket er udformet 30 som et beslag eller organ, der skal blive siddende i hjørnet for efterfølgende at optage mekaniske funktioner som eksempelvis en fastgørelsesfunktion.Fig. 4 shows a corner formed by a rod element (7), which is configured as a bracket or member to be seated in the corner to subsequently take on mechanical functions such as a fastening function.

DK 176099 B1 7 I figur 5 er vist et færdigformet hjørne på et profil, hvor stangelementet (9), som har formgivet hjørnet, er af andet tværsnit end cirkulært og f.eks. trekantet, som i det viste eksempel. Stangelementet kunne ligeledes ifølge opfindelsen have et varierende tværsnit. En anden udførselsform af opfindelsen 5 kunne være at anvende et formgivende stangelement, som ikke går igennem hele profilets bredde, men som eksempelvis kunne bestå af en bøjleform, hvor bøjlens ender stikker ind i profilet fra hver side.Fig. 5 shows a finished corner on a profile, where the rod element (9) which has shaped the corner is of a cross-section other than circular and e.g. triangle, as in the example shown. The rod element could also have a varying cross-section according to the invention. Another embodiment of the invention 5 could be to use a shaping rod element which does not go through the entire width of the profile, but which could, for example, consist of a hoop shape, the ends of the hoop protruding into the profile from each side.

Figur 6 viser en udførselsform af opfindelsen, ifølge hvilken en enkelt dorn 10 (8) i dette tilfælde formgiver to U-formede profiler (10 og 11), hvilke, efter for udgående udstansning af overflødigt materiale i deres flige, er lagt inden i hinanden og dermed samtidigt fastholdes i forhold til hinanden.Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the invention, in which a single mandrel 10 (8) in this case designs two U-shaped profiles (10 and 11) which, after outgoing stamping of excess material in their tabs, are placed within each other and thus at the same time maintained in relation to each other.

Claims

A method of shaping a corner on a profile having at least one tab, characterized in that a rod element is used for the shaping, wherein the rod element during the shaping is held and guided by the at least one tab of the profile, so that the rod element is pressed against the back of the corner and at least partially shaping the corner and determining the geometry of the corner.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one tab of the profile has a cut-out which, at the end of the shaping, has at least partly the same geometry as the cross-section of the rod element.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod-shaped element has a substantially circular cross-section.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod-shaped element has a generally triangular cross-section.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod-shaped element is essentially an L-profile.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile is designed in its entire width.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod-shaped element 2. remains in the corner after shaping.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that several profiles are laid into one another and then shaped simultaneously by the same rod-shaped element. 3 0

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile is of thin plate steel.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is used to shape the corners of a frame.