DK174594B1 - Sliding support for a hatch cover on a cargo ship - Google Patents
Sliding support for a hatch cover on a cargo ship Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK174594B1 DK174594B1 DK199801080A DKPA199801080A DK174594B1 DK 174594 B1 DK174594 B1 DK 174594B1 DK 199801080 A DK199801080 A DK 199801080A DK PA199801080 A DKPA199801080 A DK PA199801080A DK 174594 B1 DK174594 B1 DK 174594B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- holder
- sliding
- sliding support
- ship
- slides
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B19/12—Hatches; Hatchways
- B63B19/14—Hatch covers
- B63B19/18—Hatch covers slidable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B19/12—Hatches; Hatchways
- B63B19/14—Hatch covers
- B63B19/18—Hatch covers slidable
- B63B2019/185—Hatch covers slidable with sliding bearings
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
- Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Description
1 DK 174594 B11 DK 174594 B1
GLIDESTØTTE TIL ET LUGEDÆKSEL PÅ ET FRAGTSKIBSLIDING SUPPORT FOR AN AIR COVER ON A CARGO SHIP
Nærværende opfindelse vedrører en glidestøtte til et lugedæksel til anvendelse ombord på et skib til at dække lugen til et skibs lastrum, idet denne glidestøtte er 5 anbragt mellem lugekarmen og lugedækslet og forbundet til en af disse med det formål at overføre lodrette kræfter fra skibets lugedæksel til skibets skrog, idet denne glidestøtte yderligere omfatter en glidestykkeholder, som er fastgjort ud i ét stykke dermed, for eksempel ved hjælp af svejsning, og glidestykker kan indsættes i denne holder.The present invention relates to a sliding support for a hatch cover for use on board a ship to cover the hatch of a ship's cargo space, said sliding support being arranged between the hatch frame and the hatch cover and connected to one of them for transferring vertical forces from the ship's hatch cover to the hull of the ship, said sliding support further comprising a sliding piece holder which is fixed in one piece thereof, for example by means of welding, and sliding pieces can be inserted into this holder.
1010
Lugedæksler fremstillet af stål til brug ombord på skibe er sædvanligvis plane konstruktioner med overordentlig stor stivhed mod deformationer i det vandrette pian. For at gøre losning/udlosning lettere er lugerne på dækkene på moderne skibe gjort så store i forhold til skibets dæksareal, at stivheden af den resterende 15 dæksopbygning er reduceret til en lav værdi. Når lugen på skibets dæk således er lukket vandtæt for rejsens varighed ved hjælp af for eksempel en stålluge, vil relativ bevægelse i form af glidning forekomme mellem lugedækslet og skibets skrog under betingelser med høj sø eller ved pludselige kursændringer.Hatch covers made of steel for use on board ships are usually flat structures with extremely high rigidity against deformations in the horizontal pan. To make unloading / unloading easier, the hatches on the decks of modern ships are so large in relation to the ship's deck area that the stiffness of the remaining 15 deck structure is reduced to a low value. Thus, when the hatch on the ship's deck is sealed watertight for the duration of the voyage by, for example, a steel hatch, relative movement in the form of sliding will occur between the hatch cover and the ship's hull under high sea conditions or by sudden course changes.
Denne relative bevægelse forårsager mange problemer, som er særligt 20 fremtrædende, når dækslast, som for eksempel containere, er lastet på lugedækslerne, som det er sædvanligt ved moderne fragtskibe. Vægten af dækslasten på et enkelt lugedæksel kan være flere hundrede tons. Sådanne dækslaster kan under høj sø udøve så høje dynamiske kræfter, at specifikke bevægelsesbegrænsere er nødvendige for at overføre kræfterne fra lugedækslet 25 til skibets skrog. Begrænsere, der overfører lodrette kræfter, kaldes i forbindelse med nærværende opfindelse glidestøtter, og de er anbragt på den ovenfor beskrevne måde mellem lugekarmen og kanten af lugedækslet.This relative movement causes many problems, which are particularly prominent when deck cargo, such as containers, is loaded onto the hatch covers, as is customary with modern cargo ships. The weight of the tire load on a single hatch cover can be several hundred tons. Such deck loads can exert so high dynamic forces under high sea that specific motion restraints are required to transfer the forces from the hatch cover 25 to the hull of the ship. Limiters that transmit vertical forces are referred to as sliding supports in the present invention and are disposed in the manner described above between the hatch frame and the edge of the hatch cover.
For at fremme relative bevægelser mellem lugedækslet og skibets skrog har glidestøtterne en udformning, som forhindrer dem i at optage store vandrette 2 DK 174594 B1 kræfter, men i stedet fremmer en glidende bevægelse mellem lugedækslet og skibets skrog. Såfremt de lodrette kræfter, der udøves på glidestøtterne, er meget høje, indebærer den glidende bevægelse en høj friktionskraft, som forårsager stærkt slid på glidefladerne. For at formindske sådant slid har 5 skibsbygningsindustrien arbejdet på at finde materialekombinationer, der er i stand til at tåle højt fladetryk, samtidig med, at de udviser en friktionskoefficient, der er så lille som mulig.In order to promote relative movements between the hatch cover and the hull of the ship, the slide supports have a design which prevents them from absorbing large horizontal forces, but instead promotes a sliding movement between the hatch cover and the hull of the ship. If the vertical forces exerted on the sliding supports are very high, the sliding motion implies a high frictional force which causes strong wear on the sliding surfaces. In order to reduce such wear, the shipbuilding industry has worked to find material combinations capable of withstanding high surface pressure while exhibiting a coefficient of friction as small as possible.
Sædvanlige glidestøtter kan for eksempel bestå af en glidestykkeholder svejst til skibets skrog (til lugekarmen), hvorved der på holderens overflade er fræset en 10 aflang fordybning, ind i hvilken et giidestykke indsættes. Den overflade på glidestykket, der vender mod lugedækslet, virker som glideflade, som kan dækkes med forskellige materialer, som udviser forbedrede glideegenskaber. En mulighed er at anvende flettet PTFE pakningsmateriale, som fungerer godt, sålænge det forbliver intakt. Imidlertid kan en sådan overflade blive beskadiget 15 under en oversøisk fart, hvorved dens friktionsmodstand forøges væsentligt. Så vil den vandrette kraft, der virker på glidestykket også øges væsentligt, hvorved enden af fordybningen, der er fræset til holderen, udsættes for en meget høj forskydningsspænding, som kan forårsage fuldstændig ødelæggelse af holderen. Et problem med en sådan glidestykkeholder, især i uhetdssituationer er, at 20 hele den vandrette kraft er koncentreret på et meget lille areal, som på trods af sin høje styrke kan give efter under påvirkningen. Derfor har den kendte teknik været besværet af den begrænsning, at kun materialer med høj styrke og/eller ekstremt lav friktionsmodstand har kunnet anvendes. Desuden har fremstillingen af glidestykkeholderen været vanskelig, fordi fræsningen af en enkelt aflang 25 fordybning på et mekanisk værksted er en dyr proces i flere trin.Conventional sliding supports may, for example, consist of a slider holder welded to the hull of the ship (to the hatch frame), whereby a 10 oblong recess is inserted into the holder's surface into which a guide piece is inserted. The surface of the sliding piece facing the hatch lid acts as a sliding surface which can be covered with various materials which exhibit improved sliding properties. One option is to use braided PTFE packing material which works well as long as it remains intact. However, such a surface may be damaged during an overseas speed, thereby substantially increasing its frictional resistance. Then, the horizontal force acting on the slider will also be substantially increased, thereby exposing the end of the recess milled to the holder to a very high shear stress which can cause complete destruction of the holder. One problem with such a slider holder, especially in accident situations, is that 20 the entire horizontal force is concentrated on a very small area which, despite its high strength, can yield under the influence. Therefore, the prior art has been hampered by the limitation that only high strength materials and / or extremely low frictional resistance could be used. Furthermore, the manufacture of the slider holder has been difficult because the milling of a single elongated recess in a mechanical workshop is a costly process in several steps.
Med hensyn til den kendte teknik henvises der yderligere til DE patentskrift nr.With respect to the prior art, reference is further made to DE patent specification no.
39 04 602.39 04 602.
3 DK 174594 B13 DK 174594 B1
Det er et formål med nærværende opfindelse at frembringe en ny type glidestøtte, som ikke har de ovenfor beskrevne problemer. Glidestøtten ifølge opfindelsen er kendetegnet ved, at overfladen af glidestykkeholderen, der er beregnet til at holde glidestykkeme, er forsynet med mindst to fordybninger til 5 glidestykkeme, i det væsentlige på linie og adskilt fra hinanden, så mindst et giidestykke kan indsættes i hver fordybning.It is an object of the present invention to provide a new type of slip support which does not have the problems described above. The sliding support according to the invention is characterized in that the surface of the sliding holder, which is intended to hold the sliding parts, is provided with at least two recesses for the sliding parts, substantially aligned and separated from each other, so that at least one guide piece can be inserted into each recess.
Ved hjælp af opfindelsen kan glidestykker med lille størrelse anvendes, fordi intet giidestykke behøver at bære hele den lodrette belastning, men i stedet er belastningen fordelt på en mere ensartet måde, hvorved anvendelsen af 10 glidematerialer med højere friktionskoefficient, men med tilstrækkelig lav friktionsmodstand, er mulig. En yderligere fordel ved den mindre størrelse giidestykke er, at glidefladen bedre kan tilpasse sig vinkeltilretningsfejl ved de sammenpassede glideflader. Desuden kan glidefladens lastbærende evne indstilles nøjagtigt ved at variere antallet af glidestykker i holderen. Yderligere 15 medfører brugen af et stort antal glidestykker en ensartet fordeling af belastningen over holderen, hvorved holderendevæggen ikke alene vil blive underkastet hele den vandrette kraft, men kraften vil blive fordelt over mellemvæggene, der adskiller fordybningerne. Endelig skal det bemærkes, at ved serieproduktion vil fabrikationen af holderen og glidestykkeme ifølge 20 nærværende opfindelse være mere fordelagtig i sammenligning med kendt teknik for såvidt angår produktionsomkostninger.By means of the invention, small size slides can be used because no guide piece needs to carry the entire vertical load, but instead the load is distributed in a more uniform manner, whereby the use of 10 sliding materials with higher coefficient of friction but with sufficiently low friction resistance is possible. A further advantage of the smaller size guide piece is that the sliding surface can better adapt to angular alignment errors at the matched sliding surfaces. In addition, the load bearing capacity of the sliding surface can be precisely adjusted by varying the number of slides in the holder. A further 15, the use of a large number of slides results in a uniform distribution of the load over the holder, whereby the holding end wall will not only be subjected to all the horizontal force, but the force will be distributed over the intermediate walls separating the recesses. Finally, it should be noted that in series production, fabrication of the holder and slides according to the present invention will be more advantageous in comparison with prior art as far as production costs are concerned.
En foretrukken udformning af opfindelsen er kendetegnet ved, at de nævnte fordybninger i det væsentlige er cylindriske og fordelagtigt udført ved boring.A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that said recesses are substantially cylindrical and advantageously performed by drilling.
Derefter kan glidestykket, der passer i fordybningen, laves ved at skære af 25 materialestænger, hvilket er en virkelig fordelagtig måde at fremstille glidestykkeme på.Then, the sliding piece that fits into the recess can be made by cutting 25 material rods, which is a really advantageous way to make the slides.
Andre foretrukne udformninger af opfindelsen er beskrevet i de medfølgende patentkrav 3-7 og af den følgende beskrivende de! af denne patentansøgning, i 4 DK 174594 B1 hvilken opfindelsen gennemgås mere detaljeret med henvisning til de medfølgende tegninger, på hvilke: fig. 1 viser et understøtningsarrangement baseret på en glidestøtte 5 anbragt mellem skibets lugedæksel og lugekarmen, fig. 2 viser en sædvanlig glidestykkeholder til en glidestøtte set fra oven, fig. 3 viser en sædvanlig glidestøtte i perspektiv, 10 fig. 4 viser en glidestykkeholder ifølge opfindelsen til en glidestøtte set fra oven, fig. 5 viser et perspektivbillede af en glidestøtte ifølge opfindelsen, 15 fig. 6 viser set fra oven en foretrukket udformning af en glidestykkeholder ifølge opfindelsen til en glidestøtte, og fig. 7 viser et snit i glidestykkeholderen langs linie VII-VII i diagrammet i 20 fig. 4.Other preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the appended claims 3-7 and of the following descriptive drawings. of this patent application, in which the invention is reviewed in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a support arrangement based on a sliding support 5 arranged between the hatch cover of the ship and the hatch frame; FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a conventional slide support holder; FIG. 3 shows a conventional slide support in perspective; FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a slide holder according to the invention; FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a sliding support according to the invention; FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a preferred embodiment of a slide holder according to the invention for a slide support; and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the slider holder along line VII-VII of the diagram of FIG. 4th
Med henvisning til fig. 1 vises en typisk anbringelse af glidestøtten i et fragtskib. Glidestøtten bestående af en glidestykkeholder 1 og et giidestykke eller glidestykker 2 er anbragt mellem karmen 3 på lastlugen og lugedækslet 4. Typisk er der til lugedækslet forbundet et bagstykke 5, mod hvilket glidestøtten hviler.Referring to FIG. Figure 1 shows a typical placement of the slip support in a cargo ship. The sliding support consisting of a slider holder 1 and a sliding piece or slides 2 is arranged between the frame 3 of the cargo door and the hatch cover 4. Typically, a back piece 5 is connected to the hatch cover against which the sliding support rests.
25 Glidestøttens glidestykkeholder 1 er i det viste tilfælde forbundet til lugekarmen 3. Kanten af lugedækslet 4 kan også omfatte en tætning 6, som i åben stilling af lugedækslet kan hvile mod bagstykket 7.In the illustrated case, the slide support holder 1 of the sliding support is connected to the hatch frame 3. The edge of the hatch cover 4 may also comprise a seal 6, which in the open position of the hatch cover can rest against the back cover 7.
Med henvisning til fig. 2 vises glidestykke-holderdelen af en glidestøtte ifølge 30 kendt teknik set fra oven. På den overflade på glidestykkeholderen, som er 5 DK 174594 B1 beregnet til at holde et giidestykke 2 (fig. 1), er der for eksempel ved fræsning udformet en aflang rektangulær fordybning 8. I denne fordybning er der indsat mindst ét glidestykke 2. I fig. 3 er der kun vist et indsat giidestykke 2 med en form, der i det væsentlige har samme form som fordybningen.Referring to FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the slide holder holder portion of a prior art slide support. For example, on the surface of the slider holder which is intended to hold a sliding piece 2 (Fig. 1), an elongated rectangular recess 8 is formed in this groove, at least one sliding piece 2 is inserted. FIG. 3 only an inserted guide piece 2 is shown having a shape which is substantially the same shape as the recess.
55
Med henvisning til fig. 4 vises der set fra oven en glidestykkeholder 1' ifølge opfindelsen til en glidestøtte. Det ses af tegningen, at i denne udformning er den sædvanligvis anvendte enkle, aflange i det væsentlige rektangulære fordybning erstattet af et antal, i nærværende tilfælde fem fordybninger 8'. I udformningen 10 vist i fig. 4 er fordybningerne udformet cylindriske, fordelagtigt ved boring, og de er udformet i det væsentlige ækvidistant anbragt på glidestykkeholderen Y.Referring to FIG. 4 is a top view of a slide holder 1 'according to the invention for a slide support. It will be seen from the drawing that in this embodiment, the usually elongated, generally elongated, substantially rectangular recess is replaced by a number, in this case five recesses 8 '. In the embodiment 10 shown in FIG. 4, the recesses are cylindrical, advantageously drilled, and are substantially equidistantly disposed on the slide holder Y.
Dette betragtes som den mest foretrukne udformning af opfindelsen. I fig. 7 er der vist et snit, der viser fordybningens tværsnitsform. Dybden af fordybningen 8' kan for eksempel være i størrelsesordenen 10- 40 mm, mest fordelagtigt cirka 20 15 mm.This is considered the most preferred embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 7, there is shown a section showing the cross-sectional shape of the recess. For example, the depth of the recess 8 'may be of the order of 10 to 40 mm, most preferably about 20 to 15 mm.
Med henvisning til fig. 5 vises glidestykkeholderen 1' vist i fig. 4, nu med cylindriske glidestykker 2' indsat i fordybningerne. Sådanne glidestykker kan fastgøres om nødvendigt ved hjælp af skruer eller lignende elementer. Alternativt 20 kan glidestykkerne indsættes med en så tæt pasning, at de forbliver på stedet uden behov for yderligere fastgørelse. Det er klart, at glidestykkerne skal være tilpasset til at strække sig så meget ud over holderens overflade, at der forbliver en tilstrækkelig reserve til slid foroven.Referring to FIG. 5, the slide holder 1 'shown in FIG. 4, now with cylindrical slides 2 'inserted into the recesses. Such slides can be fixed if necessary by means of screws or similar elements. Alternatively, the slides can be inserted with such a tight fit that they remain in place without the need for further attachment. Obviously, the slides must be adapted to extend so much beyond the surface of the holder that there is a sufficient reserve for wear at the top.
25 Med henvisning til fig. 6 vises en alternativ udformning af en glidestykkeholder 1” ifølge opfindelsen, der nu har fordybningerne 8” udformet i det væsentlige firkantede med runde hjørner. Denne slags fordybningsform er let at lave på maskine. Desuden kan fordybningerne være formet som en ellipse, rektangel (med skarpe eller runde hjørner) og andre former.25 Referring to FIG. 6, an alternative embodiment of a slider holder 1 "according to the invention is shown, which now has the recesses 8" formed essentially square with round corners. This kind of recess is easy to make on machine. In addition, the recesses can be shaped like an ellipse, rectangle (with sharp or rounded corners) and other shapes.
30 6 DK 174594 B130 6 DK 174594 B1
Materialet til glidestykkerne 2' behøver ikke her at blive omtalt detaljeret. Imidlertid tillader nærværende opfindelse anvendelse af mere omkostningseffektive materialer end anvendt i den kendte teknik, fordi ved nærværende opfindelse behøver glidestykkernes friktionskoefficient ikke at være gjort kunstigt 5 “overdrevent'· lav, og glidestykkernes styrke behøver ikke at være overdimensioneret for at holde til påvirkningen fra de mekaniske vandrette kræfter.The material for the slides 2 'does not need to be discussed in detail here. However, the present invention allows the use of more cost effective materials than used in the prior art, because in this invention the friction coefficient of the slides need not be artificially "excessively" low and the strength of the slides need not be oversized to withstand the influence of the slides. mechanical horizontal forces.
Det vil være klart for fagfolk, at opfindelsen ikke er begrænset til de ovenfor 10 beskrevne udformninger, men kan varieres indenfor rammerne for opfindelsen, som er defineret i de medfølgende krav. Følgelig kan der mellem glidestykkerne og glidestykkeholderen indsættes et afbalancerende gummielement eller lignende materiale, som kendes fra DE patentskrift nr. 39 04 602. Mens det teoretisk ville være muligt at indsætte mere end et giidestykke i hver fordybning, 15 ville dette sandsynligvis ikke være en fordelagtig udformning. Det er yderligere muligt, at de borede fordybninger/glidestykker kan placeres usymmetrisk og/eller udformes til at have indbyrdes forskellige størrelser.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above but may be varied within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, a balancing rubber member or similar material as known from DE patent specification 39 04 602 may be inserted between the slides and the slider holder. While theoretically it would be possible to insert more than one guide piece into each recess, this would probably not be advantageous. design. It is further possible that the drilled recesses / slides can be positioned asymmetrically and / or designed to have mutually different sizes.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI9600146 | 1996-03-11 | ||
| PCT/FI1996/000146 WO1997033787A1 (en) | 1996-03-11 | 1996-03-11 | Slide support for cargo ship hatch cover |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK199801080A DK199801080A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
| DK174594B1 true DK174594B1 (en) | 2003-07-14 |
Family
ID=8556643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199801080A DK174594B1 (en) | 1996-03-11 | 1998-08-27 | Sliding support for a hatch cover on a cargo ship |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000506807A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR19990087700A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4881596A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19681749T1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK174594B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997033787A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3732889C1 (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-02-02 | Belzona Verfahrenstech Bastian | Support for ship's hatch covers |
| FI82426C (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1991-03-11 | Macgregor Navire Sa | STOED VID EN LASTLUCKA FOER ETT FARTYG. |
| US5464287A (en) * | 1993-01-28 | 1995-11-07 | Quamco, Inc. | Bearing for hatch covers or the like |
| JPH08512008A (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1996-12-17 | マコール・マリーン・システムズ・インターナショナル・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | Sliding support floor, especially for hatch covers on ship decks |
-
1996
- 1996-03-11 JP JP09532305A patent/JP2000506807A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-11 WO PCT/FI1996/000146 patent/WO1997033787A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-03-11 DE DE19681749T patent/DE19681749T1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-03-11 AU AU48815/96A patent/AU4881596A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-11 KR KR1019980707167A patent/KR19990087700A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1998
- 1998-08-27 DK DK199801080A patent/DK174594B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000506807A (en) | 2000-06-06 |
| AU4881596A (en) | 1997-10-01 |
| KR19990087700A (en) | 1999-12-27 |
| WO1997033787A1 (en) | 1997-09-18 |
| DK199801080A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
| DE19681749T1 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
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