DK174260B1 - Torus-shaped internal combustion engine has oscillating double acting pistons with piston control by two rocker arms with two cast-in pistons at each end - Google Patents

Abstract

The torus-shaped internal combustion engine has oscillating double acting pistons, with piston control by two rocker arms (1,2) with two cast-in pistons at each end. The one rocker arm (1) in its center (7) is fixed to a rocker shaft, which in turn is fixed to a torque arm and via a link to a connecting rod, which has a connection to a crankshaft. The second rocker arm (2) has a similar mechanical connection to the crankshaft via a rocker sleeve, torque arm and connecting rod. The engine block has built-in fluid cooling channels and is divided into two blowout chambers and two compressed air chambers.

Description

DK 174260 B1

Description

Toroidal 2 stroke internal combustion engine with oscillating double acting piston arms.

5 The following description deals with a proposal for different mechanical construction of conventional internal combustion engines, and therefore its scope can be related to these. The main purpose is to achieve a more efficient, more sensible and more environmentally friendly construction of today's internal combustion engine, which is primarily achieved by optimizing the combustion process and by reducing the internal friction of the engine.

10

The ideas are based on well-known mechanical principles / modes of operation in internal combustion engines and must therefore be regarded as a further development of these.

An internal combustion engine consisting of double acting pistons interconnected in pairs with piston rocker arms where the pistons can oscillate about a common pivot point, moving in cylinders arranged in a circle and the pistons being driven mechanically by piston rocker arms solution (e.g., US 1821139).

The fact that the pistons in the aforementioned internal combustion engine physically leave the cylinders at one end or alternately opposite end so that valves or flushing channels are unnecessary is also a solution / operation known in the prior art (DE 40003 84).

In addition, many well-known technical components / principles are used from existing mass-produced internal combustion engines, such as: crankshaft, connecting rods, ignition mechanics, fuel injection technology, and the piston's oscillating motion in the cylinder.

25 Compared to a conventional 2 or 4 stroke internal combustion engine, the following advantages can be mentioned in the new mechanical construction of the internal combustion engine:

The combustion chamber consists of pistons at each end of the cylinder which open approximately or simultaneously. This allows for a more complete / optimal flushing / replacement of combustion products in the chamber, which is an essential basis for good combustion.

30 Pistons are passed / guided in cylinders, resulting in lower friction between piston and cylinder because pistons do not support the cylinder wall to such an extent. Pistons and cylinders are thus less dependent on lubricating films.

No valves needed, ie no frictional and moving energy is allocated for this. Combustion energy is applied directly to the piston rocker arms, where a portion remains in the piston rocker arms in the form of kinetic energy and is partially directly transmitted as compression energy in the opposite cylinder, and not as in an aim. internal combustion engine transferred from piston to piston, via joint joints with increased friction resulting.

Since there are always 2 combustions in the engine at the same time, it is possible to opt out of combustion at low load or at idle, by completely closing the fuel supply to the 40 combustion chamber, without the engine running unevenly / irregularly, to minimize fuel consumption.

DK 174260 B1

As the pistons do not, as on a 4 stroke engine, directly push the combustion product out of the cylinder, a given air pressure on the intake air is needed to flush the combustion product, e.g. using a crank- or electric-powered turbo. An increased combustion effect due to the turbo on the engine mentioned is to be expected, as on ordinary 5 turbocharged engines. Thus, it can be said that the turbo not only sits as a necessary contraction element for the engine, but also provides the known power increase.

The moving components of the motor work physically opposite each other, causing minimal vibration from the motor.

10 The new technique consists in having the combustion chamber completely flushed with fresh compressed air from one end of the cylinder to the other (without flushing ducts). In order to get a complete flushing of the cylinder without excessive pressure drop and turbulence, the idea is that the pistons disappear out of the cylinder at both ends, leaving the cylinder completely open for air flushing.

15 In order for the above technically possible, the pistons must be mechanically guided, which is described below.

In connection with the above solution, an idea for controlling the piston rings has been devised, which consists of hydraulically locking or pressing the piston rings against the cylinder wall, depending on the position of the piston rocker arm.

20

Technically, an internal combustion engine with oscillating double acting piston arms as patent US 1111605, fig.2, EP 756068 fig.5, and US 1821139 fig.2 deals, combined with patent DE 4000384 fig.2 where illustrating / describing the piston is purely physical leaving the cylinder so that inlet gas and exhaust gas can pass past the piston in / out of the cylinder.

When the patent solutions are combined, as well as modified, the structure described below will appear as one of the internal combustion engine.

The pistons are guided / controlled by 2 pieces. piston rocker arms (1,2), which can be briefly described as an elongated blank with 2 embossed pistons at each end (a total of 4 pistons on each rocker arm).

One of the rocker arms (1) is in its center (7), attached to the rocker shaft (13), which in turn is attached to the torque arm (10), and via joints to the connecting rod (12) which has a joint connection to the crankshaft (8).

Rocker arm (2) also has mechanical connection to crank via rocker bushing (14), torque arm (9), connecting rod (11).

35 In order for the aforementioned to function purely technically, cylinders must be designed as toroidal sections (a section of an annular cylinder). The 4 specially designed cylinders consist of individual parts, mounted in the engine block. The engine block has additional built-in liquid cooling ducts (15), and is divided into 4 chambers, 2 exhaust chambers and 2 compressed air chambers.

40 The embossed pistons on the 2 rocker arms are inserted into the cylinders (3,5) as the crank tilt / rotate the rocker arms towards each other. This results in compression and later combustion in cylinders 3 and 5. At the same time, the opposite pistons of the rocker arms have moved out of cylinders 4 and 6, thus they can be flushed with air.

Then the rocker arms move to the opposite side, whereby compression / combustion occurs 45 in cylinders 4 and 6. Cylinders 3 and 5 can be flushed with air, etc.

DK 174260 B1 Thus, a total of 4 combustions have occurred in the engine on a rotation of the crankshaft (8).

Moving the piston in and out of the cylinder places great demands on the piston rings. A hydraulic arrangement is planned for controlling the piston rings in the rocker arms (see Figure 4) · 5 The pump (16) supplies oil to the hydraulic accumulator (17), which supplies the control valve (18) (can be integrated into the piston rocker arms / engine block in the form of hydraulic channels which are displaced relative to each other), which maneuvers the oil out to chambers 19 or 20.1. These piston chambers have a hydraulic piston or elastic gaskets which, at a hydraulic pressure, physically press on the piston rings (21) in each direction, and allow a modest 10 oil flow for lubricating the piston rings. The nozzles (22) allow an amount of oil flow for cooling (23) of the piston head on the rocker arms.

Thus, the thermal expansion of piston rocker arms / cylinders can be accommodated in the piston rings. The piston rings (21) are made with a smaller outer diameter of the piston, so the elasticity of the ring will pull the ring into the piston at any failing hydraulic pressure in chamber (20) so that the piston rings are not damaged by contact with the cylinder.

When the pistons are inside the cylinder, oil is fed into chamber 20, via control valve 18, so that the piston rings are pressed out against the cylinder.

When the pistons are on the boundary to move out of cylinders, pressure is placed in chamber 19 in place of chamber 20 so that the piston rings lock into position when the piston has moved out of the cylinder.

25 30 35 40

Figure 1. Longitudinal sectional view of the engine block

Figure 2. External power transfer from piston rocker arms to crankshaft, via torque arms and connecting rods. Oil tank / jacket is not drawn.

Figure 3.: Transverse sectional view of engine block 45 Figure 4.:Detail drawing of piston on piston arm / hydraulic principle diagram.

Claims (1)

DK 174260 B1 Combustion engine, of the type in which cylinders (3,4,5,6) are toroidal sections and wherein double-acting piston rocker arms (1,2), which are secured with a joint in their center (7) from which the piston rocker arms are led / is tilted by the crankshaft (8) via shaft (13) / bushing (14), torque arms (9,10) and connecting rods (11,12), and by the type characterized by the pistons physically moving out of both ends of the individual cylinder approximately / or simultaneously, for compressed air flushing of each cylinder after each combustion. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that piston rings (21) in piston on piston rocker arms (1,2) are hydraulically pressed out against cylinder and centered in cylinder when piston is inside cylinder, and hydraulically locked when piston is inserted / out of cylinder.