DK174056B1 - Method and apparatus for heating media by high frequency electromagnetic waves - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for heating media by high frequency electromagnetic waves Download PDFInfo
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- DK174056B1 DK174056B1 DK199401167A DK116794A DK174056B1 DK 174056 B1 DK174056 B1 DK 174056B1 DK 199401167 A DK199401167 A DK 199401167A DK 116794 A DK116794 A DK 116794A DK 174056 B1 DK174056 B1 DK 174056B1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/46—Dielectric heating
- H05B6/62—Apparatus for specific applications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/005—Preserving by heating
- A23B4/01—Preserving by heating by irradiation or electric treatment with or without shaping, e.g. in form of powder, granules or flakes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/005—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating using irradiation or electric treatment
- A23L3/01—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating using irradiation or electric treatment using microwaves or dielectric heating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/15—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using wave energy, irradiation, electrical means or magnetic fields, e.g. oven cooking or roasting using radiant dry heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/46—Dielectric heating
- H05B6/48—Circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/46—Dielectric heating
- H05B6/60—Arrangements for continuous movement of material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
Description
i DK 174056 B1in DK 174056 B1
FREMGANGSMÅDE og apparat til varmebehandling af medier ved HJÆLP AF HØJFREKVENTE ELEKTROMAGNETISKE BØLGERMETHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING MEDIA WITH HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
5 Teknikkens standpunkt5 State of the art
Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til varmebehandling af levnedsmidler, især kød-, mejeri- og vegetabilske medier, som beskrevet i den indledende del af krav 1.The invention relates to a method of heat treating foodstuffs, especially meat, dairy and vegetable media, as described in the preamble of claim 1.
1010
Desuden angår opfindelsen et apparat til brug ved udøvelse af fremgangsmåden og som angivet i den indledende del af krav 8.In addition, the invention relates to an apparatus for use in the practice of the method and as set forth in the preamble of claim 8.
15 Det er fra flere forskellige sammenhænge kendt at opvarme medier ved hjælp af mikrobølger. De forskellige teknikker anvendes til forskellige formål, der spænder lige fra tørring af træ til kogning af kød. Mest kendt er teknikken nok i forbindelse med mikrobølgeovne, der er blevet en konsum-20 vare.15 It is known from a variety of contexts to heat media using microwaves. The different techniques are used for different purposes ranging from drying wood to cooking meat. Most commonly known is the technique of microwave ovens that have become a consumer product.
De hidtil kendte teknikker har imidlertid kraftige ulemper, der bliver forstærket og er særligt udprægede i forbindelse med stordrift.However, the known techniques have severe disadvantages which are reinforced and are particularly pronounced in connection with economies of scale.
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Fra DK patentansøgning nr, 4718/86 er det kendt kontinuerligt at lede kødmedier igennem føringsorganer, udført som et rør, hvorpå der på diametralt modsatte sider er monteret elektroder. Inden kødmedierne tilledes den aktive zone, 30 fjernes luftindholdet ved hjælp en vacuumpumpe.From DK patent application no. 4718/86 it is known to continuously feed meat media through guide means, made as a pipe, on which electrodes are mounted on diametrically opposite sides. Before the meat media is allowed into the active zone, the air content is removed by a vacuum pump.
Fra DK patentansøgning nr. 1014/91 er det kendt at lede medier gennem et føringsorgan, hvorpå der rundt om røret to steder er monteret ringformede elektroder.From DK Patent Application No. 1014/91, it is known to pass media through a guide means on which annular electrodes are mounted around the tube two places.
Begge ovennævnte metoder er forbundet med visse ulemper, 35 DK 174056 B1 2 der bliver særligt udprægede under stordrift. Således er indtrængningsdybden, og dermed rørdiameteren for systemerne begrænset. Yderligere opstår der et problem i forbindelse med det elektromagnetiske felts uensartethed som funktion 5 af mediets dielektriske egenskaber.Both of the above methods are associated with certain disadvantages, which become particularly pronounced during large-scale operation. Thus, the depth of penetration, and thus the pipe diameter of the systems, is limited. Further, a problem arises in connection with the electromagnetic field's uniformity as a function of the dielectric properties of the medium.
Derudover vil der også opstå et felt på hver side af elektroderne, der må afledes ved hjælp af en jordforbindelse eller stel. Denne stel- eller jordforbindelse må nødvendig-10 vis placeres i en vis afstand fra de ringformede elektroder, da disse ellers ville blive kortsluttet til jord eller stel.In addition, a field will also appear on each side of the electrodes which must be derived by means of a grounding or grounding. This grounding or ground connection must necessarily be placed at some distance from the annular electrodes, as these would otherwise be shorted to ground or ground.
Dette medfører således, at en stor del af generatorens ef-15 fekt bliver afsat mellem elektroderne og stel. Dette medvirker til at give en særdeles uensartet opvarmnings- eller kogezone, der principielt består af tre forskellige zoner, nemlig den primære opvarmningszone mellem elektroderne og de to sekundære opvarmningszoner mellem elektroderne og 20 stel.This means that a large part of the power of the generator is deposited between the electrodes and the frame. This contributes to providing a very disparate heating or boiling zone, which basically consists of three different zones, namely the primary heating zone between the electrodes and the two secondary heating zones between the electrodes and 20 frames.
Der vil altså opstå en stedafhængig temperaturgradient, der varierer over tre områder. Dette giver problemer i forbindelse med opvarmning eller kogning af medier eller materia-25 ler, der kræver en ensartet opvarmning, da det i praksis er vanskeligt at kompensere for denne flerzoneopvarmning under kontinuerlig drift. Dette er ligeledes problematisk i forbindelse med opvarmning af medier, hvis ledningsevne er temperaturafhængig, da indtrængningsdybden dermed bliver 30 kraftigt forringet.Thus, a site-dependent temperature gradient will occur that varies over three areas. This presents problems with heating or boiling of media or materials requiring uniform heating, since in practice it is difficult to compensate for this multi-zone heating during continuous operation. This is also problematic in the case of heating media whose conductivity is temperature dependent, as the depth of penetration is thereby greatly reduced.
Formålet med opfindelsen er således dels at opnå en ensartet og dermed kontrollerbar opvarmning eller kogning af et medium, og dels at opnå en større indtrængningsdybde i me-35 diet.The object of the invention is thus partly to achieve a uniform and thus controllable heating or boiling of a medium, and partly to achieve a greater depth of penetration in the medium.
DK 174056 B1 3DK 174056 B1 3
Dette opnås ved den indledningsvist angivne fremgangsmåde, der ifølge opfindelsen er særegen ved, at strømmen over de sekundære ledningsveje helt eller delvist styres ved hjælp af en eller flere reaktanser, der serie- og/eller parallel-5 kobles med den sekundære ledningsvej ved hjælp af en eller flere reaktanser, der dimensioneres, så den sekundære ledningsvej mellem elektrode og stel bliver en svingningskreds med en eller flere poler, hvor mindst én af polerne i svingningskredsen i hovedsagen afstemmes til resonans ved 10 frekvensen af den uønskede stelstrøm, at den sekundære ledningsvej dannes af en induktiv ledningsdel, sekundærinduktansen, mellem elektrode og stel, samt i hovedsagen parallelkobles med en kapacitet, sekundærkapaciteten, der i hovedsagen afstemmes, så svingningskredsen i hovedsagen brin-15 ges i resonans ved HF-generatorens frekvens, og at generatoren parallelkobles med en kompensationsspole, der i hovedsagen afstemmes, så spredningskapaciteterne fra generatorens klemmer til stel bringes i resonans med kompensationsspolen.This is achieved by the method according to the preamble, which according to the invention is peculiar in that the flow over the secondary conduction paths is wholly or partially controlled by one or more reactants which are connected in series and / or in parallel with the secondary conduction path by means of one or more reactants which are dimensioned so that the secondary conductor path between electrode and frame becomes a vibration circuit with one or more poles, wherein at least one of the poles in the vibration circuit is substantially tuned to resonance at the frequency of the undesired frame current forming the secondary conductor path of an inductive wiring portion, the secondary inductance, between the electrode and the frame, as well as substantially parallel to a capacity, the secondary capacity being substantially tuned so that the oscillation circuit is substantially resonated at the frequency of the HF generator, and the generator is coupled to a compensation coil. , which is essentially aligned so that the spreading capacities f the generator terminals for the frame are brought into resonance with the compensation coil.
2020
Fordele ved opfindelsenAdvantages of the invention
Ved at styre strømmen over de sekundære ledningsveje helt eller delvist ved hjælp af en eller flere reaktanser, der 25 serie- og/eller parallelkobles med den sekundære ledningsvej og iøvrigt udføres som omhandlet opnås, at strømmen, der løber mellem elektrode og stel, på enkel måde kan kontrolleres. Således kan strømmen i den eller de sekundære ledningsveje styres helt.By controlling the current over the secondary conduit in whole or in part by means of one or more reactances which are connected in series and / or in parallel with the secondary conduit and otherwise carried out, the current flowing between the electrode and the frame is obtained in a simple manner. way can be controlled. Thus, the current in the secondary conduit (s) can be completely controlled.
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Ved, som angivet i krav 2, at lade den elektriske impedans mellem elektrode og stel have mindst én pol, ved frekvensen af den stelstrøm, der skal elimineres eller minimeres, opnås, at stelstrømmen bliver minimeret eller elimineret, 35 samtidig med at stelforbindelsen bliver fastholdt. Dette medfører en øget indtrængningsdybde, en bedre opvarmning i DK 174056 B1 4 den primære ledningsvej. Opfindelsen kombinerer således et mere ensartet felt med en feltoptimering.As stated in claim 2, letting the electrical impedance between electrode and frame have at least one pole, at the frequency of the frame current to be eliminated or minimized, it is obtained that the frame current is minimized or eliminated while maintaining the frame connection. . This results in an increased penetration depth, a better heating in DK 174056 B1 4 the primary conduit path. Thus, the invention combines a more uniform field with a field optimization.
Ved, som angivet i krav 3, at lade føringsorganet bestå af 5 et rørformet legeme, hvis tværsnit kan have form, der er passende for det medie, der skal behandles, opnås en udførelsesform, hvori det er muligt hurtigt at tilføre og aflede mediet fra opvarmningszonen.As stated in claim 3, to allow the guide member to consist of a tubular body, the cross-section of which may have a shape which is suitable for the medium to be treated, an embodiment is obtained in which it is possible to quickly feed and divert the medium from heating zone.
10 Ved, som angivet i krav 4, at lade elektrodesystemet bestå af to elektroder, der er forbundet med en HF generator, der er cylinder- eller ringformet og strækker sig rundt om det primære føringsorgan, opnås en måde at påtrykke det elektromagnetiske felt i føringsorganerne, der er særlig for-15 delagtig i forbindelse påtrykning af felter i et rørformet føringsorgan.By, as stated in claim 4, allowing the electrode system to consist of two electrodes connected to an HF generator which is cylindrical or annular and extends around the primary guide means, a way is applied to apply the electromagnetic field in the guide means. which is particularly advantageous in connection with the application of fields in a tubular guide member.
Ved, som angivet i krav 5, at lade mediet forvarme inden det tilledes føringsorganerne, eller inden opvarmningen 20 finder sted, opnås, at opvarmningen ifølge opfindelsen lettes, idet mediets ledningsevne forbedres inden eller samtidig med at det opvarmes, hvilket medfører at indtrængningsdybden bliver større= Dette muliggør derfor at føringsorganerne og dermed det opvarmede medium kan have større dimen-25 sioner på tværs af fremførselsaksen.As stated in claim 5, allowing the medium to preheat before the guide means is allowed or before the heating 20 takes place, the heating according to the invention is facilitated by improving the conductivity of the medium before or at the same time heating, which causes the depth of penetration to be increased. This therefore allows the guide means and thus the heated medium to have larger dimensions across the conveyor axis.
Ved, som angivet i krav 6, kun at foretage forvarmningen i eller omkring det område af mediet, der i forhold til elektroderne har den største indtrængningsdybde, opnås 30 stort set samme virkning som i krav 2, dog under anvendelse af mindre effekt under forvarmningen.As stated in claim 6, only the preheating in or around the region of the medium having the greatest depth of penetration relative to the electrodes is achieved, substantially the same effect as in claim 2, however, using less power during the preheating.
Ved, som angivet i krav 7, at i hovedsagen hele opvarmningssystemet indkapsles i en ledende struktur, opnås, at 35 den elektromagnetiske udstråling i hovedsagen elimineres. Ligeledes vil den strømfortrængning, der er til stede ved DK 174056 B1 5 anvendte HF frekvenser sikre, at der kun løber strøm på indersiden af den ledende struktur. Dette har betydning for arbejdsmiljøet omkring maskinen, men det er også med til at sikre, at de forskellige måleinstrumenter, der er knyttet 5 til maskinens drift, ikke forstyrres eller skal special-afskærmes.As stated in claim 7, that substantially the entire heating system is encapsulated in a conductive structure, it is achieved that the electromagnetic radiation is substantially eliminated. Likewise, the current displacement present at the HF frequencies used by DK 174056 B1 5 will ensure that there is only current flowing on the inside of the conductive structure. This has an impact on the working environment around the machine, but it also helps to ensure that the various measuring instruments associated with the machine's operation are not disturbed or need to be specially shielded.
Det ovennævnte apparat til brug ved udøvelse af fremgangsmåden er ifølge opfindelsen særegent ved, at den sekundære 10 ledningsvej er serie- og/eller parallelkoblet med en eller flere reaktanser, der er dimensioneret, så den sekundære ledningsvej mellem elektrode og stel er en svingningskreds med en eller flere poler, at mindst én af polerne i svingningskredsen i hovedsagen er afstemt til resonans ved frek-15 vensen af den uønskede stelstrøm, at den sekundære ledningsvej består af en induktiv ledningsdel, sekundærinduk-tansen, mellem elektrode og stel, samt en i hovedsagen parallelkoblet kapacitet, sekundærkapaciteten, hvilken sekundærkapacitet i hovedsagen er afstemt, så svingningskredsen 20 i hovedsagen er i resonans ved HF-generatorens frekvens, og at generatoren er parallelkoblet med en kompensationsspole, der i hovedsagen er afstemt, så spredningskapaciteterne fra generatorens klemmer til stel er i resonans med kompensationsspolen.The above apparatus for use in the practice of the invention is peculiar in that the secondary wiring path is connected in series and / or in parallel with one or more reactances which are dimensioned so that the secondary wiring path between electrode and frame is a vibration circuit with a or more poles, that at least one of the poles in the oscillation circuit is substantially tuned for resonance at the frequency of the undesirable frame current, that the secondary conduit consists of an inductive conduit, the secondary inductance, between the electrode and the frame, and one in the main case. parallel capacitance, secondary capacitance, which secondary capacitance is substantially tuned so that the oscillation circuit 20 is essentially resonant at the frequency of the HF generator, and that the generator is connected in parallel to a compensation coil which is generally tuned so that the scattering capacities from the terminals of the generator are in resonance with the compensation coil.
2525
Ved i apparatet at serie- og/eller parallelkoble den sekundære strømledningsvej med en eller flere reaktanser, der er dimensioneret, så den sekundære ledningsvej mellem elektrode og stel er en svingningskreds med en eller flere 30 poler, opnås en mulighed for styring af strømmen, der løber mellem elektrode og stel, og at effektafsætningen i de primære og sekundære zoner kan reguleres uden nævneværdige uønskede effekttab, og ved at lade mindst én af polerne i svingningskredsen i hovedsagen være afstemt til resonans 35 ved frekvensen af den uønskede stelstrøm, opnås en minimering eller eliminering af stelstrømmen og yderligere opnås DK 174056 B1 6 den størst muligt opnåelige effektafsætning i opvarmningszonen uden nævneværdige effekttab uden for den primære koge- opvarmningszone. Endelig opnås en simpel og billig udførelsesform ifølge opfindelsen, da denne kræver et minimum 5 af eksterne komponenter samt justering af disse ved at lade den sekundære strømledningsvej bestå af en induktiv ledningsdel, sekundærinduktansen, mellem elektrode og stel, samt en i hovedsagen parallelkoblet kapacitet, sekundærkapaciteten, hvilken sekundærkapacitet i hovedsagen er af-10 stemt, så parallelsvingningskredsen i hovedsagen er i resonans ved HF-generatorens frekvens.By connecting in the apparatus in series and / or parallel the secondary current path with one or more reactances, which is dimensioned so that the secondary path between electrode and frame is a vibration circuit with one or more 30 poles, an opportunity for controlling the current is obtained. runs between electrode and frame, and the power output in the primary and secondary zones can be regulated without significant undesired power loss, and by at least one of the poles in the oscillation circuit being substantially tuned to resonance 35 at the frequency of the undesired frame current, a minimization or elimination of frame current and further, DK 174056 B1 6 achieves the greatest possible power output in the heating zone without significant power loss outside the primary boiler heating zone. Finally, a simple and inexpensive embodiment of the invention is obtained, as it requires a minimum of 5 external components and their adjustment by allowing the secondary current path to consist of an inductive wiring portion, the secondary inductance, between the electrode and the ground, and a substantially parallel coupled capacity, the secondary capacity. , which secondary capacity in the main case is tuned so that the parallel oscillation circuit is essentially resonant at the frequency of the HF generator.
Ved, som angivet i krav 9, at lade den sekundære strømledningsvej til stel bestå af en rørformet elektrode, der er 15 udført i et elektriske ledende materiale, opnås en veldefineret strømledningsvej til stel, der har veldefinerede induktive egenskaber. Yderligere skærmer rørelektroden det elektromagnetiske felt.As stated in claim 9, the secondary current conduction path to frame consists of a tubular electrode formed in an electrically conductive material, a well-defined current conduction path to the frame having well-defined inductive properties is obtained. Further, the tube electrode shields the electromagnetic field.
20 Ved, som angivet i krav 10, at parallelkoble den sekundære strømledningsvej helt eller delvist med en kondensator, således at den sekundære strømledningsvej udgør en parallelsvingningskreds, opnås en simpel udførelsesform, ved hjælp af hvilken man nemt kan justere eller eliminere stelstrøm-25 men.By as stated in claim 10, in parallel or partially coupling the secondary current path with a capacitor such that the secondary current path constitutes a parallel oscillation circuit, a simple embodiment is obtained by which one can easily adjust or eliminate the frame current.
Ved, som angivet i krav 11, at der mellem elektroderne og svingningskredsene indskydes en tilpasningskapacitans, der udviser en kapacitans mellem elektrode og medie, samt en 30 kapacitans mellem elektrode og svingningskredsen, opnås en mulighed for, ved hjælp af denne tilpasningskapacitans både at kunne foretage en justering af indtrængningsdybden og en tilpasning af effektafsætningen mellem elektroderne.As stated in claim 11, an adaptation capacitance exhibiting an electrode-medium capacitance and a capacitance between the electrode and the oscillation circuit is provided between the electrodes and the oscillating circuits, an opportunity is obtained to be able to do so by means of this adaptive capacitance. an adjustment of the penetration depth and an adjustment of the power deposition between the electrodes.
35 Ved, som angivet i krav 12, at lade tilpasningskapacitansen bestå af et mellemrum mellem elektroden og den sekundære DK 174056 B1 7 rørdel, der er passende udfyldt af et dielektrikum, for eksempel luft, opnås en praktisk udførelse af en tilpasnings-kapacitans tillige med, at der opnås en større indtrængningsdybde for det elektriske felt fra elektrodernes ende-5 dele eller endeplader i mediet.By, as stated in claim 12, allowing the fitting capacitance to consist of a gap between the electrode and the secondary pipe part which is suitably filled by a dielectric, for example air, a practical embodiment of an adaptation capacitance is obtained, as well as a greater depth of penetration of the electric field is obtained from the end portions or end plates of the electrodes in the medium.
Ved, som angivet i krav 13, at indskyde eksterne tilpas-ningskapacitanser, opnås en enkel og veldefineret mulighed for tilpasning. Således er der betydelige fordele med hen-10 syn til dimensionering af tilpasningskapacitanserne, idet disse er særdeles veldefinerede i kraft af, at temperaturen af kapacitanserne ved ekstern placering i forhold til elektroderne er relativ lav og konstant, idet deres temperatur ikke vil svinge med elektrodernes temperatur. Dette 15 medfører yderligere driftsfordele, idet risikoen for gennemslag minimeres. Yderligere er det fordelagtigt, at kapaciteterne ved et eventuelt gennemslag ikke forårsager en nedbrydning af opvarmnings- eller kogevæggen.As stated in claim 13, inserting external adaptation capacitances provides a simple and well-defined possibility of adaptation. Thus, there are significant advantages with regard to sizing the adaptive capacitances, as these are very well defined in that the temperature of the capacitances at external location relative to the electrodes is relatively low and constant, since their temperature will not fluctuate with the temperature of the electrodes. . This 15 brings additional operating benefits, minimizing the risk of impact. Further, it is advantageous that the capabilities of any impact do not cause a breakdown of the heating or cooking wall.
20 Ved, som angivet i krav 14, at lade en forlænget elektrisk ledende struktur strække sig fra ledningernes forbindelsespunkter til elektroderne ind over den primære rørdel og omkranse en mindre del af dennes længde, opnås at feltet, der forløber ind i den primære rørdel er symmetrisk. Dette 25 medfører, at der ikke opstår kolde zoner i primærrøret. En diskret kapacitans over den sekundære rørdel vil nemlig forårsage en uensartet ladningstæthed på den rørformede elektrode, hvilken strømtæthed er størst i området omkring kapacitansens terminaler. Imidlertid vil den forlængede 30 rørdel ind mod den primære rørdel medføre, at ladningstæt-heden fordeler sig homogent over den forlængede rørdel, og dermed afstedkomme et ensartet symmetrisk felt ind i den primære rørdel.As stated in claim 14, extending an elongated electrically conductive structure from the connection points of the wires to the electrodes over the primary pipe portion and encircling a smaller portion of its length, the field extending into the primary pipe portion is symmetrical. . This causes no cold zones to appear in the primary tube. Namely, a discrete capacitance across the secondary tube portion will cause a uniform charge density on the tubular electrode, which current density is greatest in the area around the capacitance terminals. However, the extended tube portion toward the primary tube portion will cause the charge density to distribute homogeneously over the extended tube portion, thereby providing a uniform symmetrical field into the primary tube portion.
35 Ved, som angivet i krav 15, at lade den kapacitive reaktans være en rørformet kondensator, der omkranser hele rørdelen, DK 174056 B1 8 opnås en ensartet og homogen ladningstæthed ved kondensatorens terminaler- Dette vil igen afstedkomme et ensartet symmetrisk felt ind i den primære rørdel, og dermed ingen kolde zoner i samme, uden anvendelse af en forlænget leden-5 de struktur.By, as stated in claim 15, allowing the capacitive reactance to be a tubular capacitor encircling the entire pipe portion, a uniform and homogeneous charge density is obtained at the terminals of the capacitor. This will again produce a uniform symmetric field into the primary pipe portion, and thus no cold zones in the same, without the use of an extended joint-5 structure.
Ved, som angivet i krav 16, at anbringe en forvarmningsme-kanisme, opnås for medier, hvis dielektriske egenskaber er temperaturafhængige, at strømvejen kan "forudbestemmes" ved 10 hjælp af det eller de opståede varmezoner i mediet.By providing a preheating mechanism as set forth in claim 16, for media whose dielectric properties are temperature dependent, the flow path can be "predetermined" by the heat zone (s) created in the medium.
Ved, som angivet i krav 17, at lade de eksterne komponenter montere på det primære føringsrør, opnås en særlig fordelagtig udførelsesform, idet det for forskellige produkter 15 vil være nødvendigt med forskellige former af føringsrør, der netop er tilpasset de pågældende produkter. Dette vil igen medføre, at føringsrøret får ændrede egenskaber, og at systemet skal omkalibreres. Ved at montere færdigt dimensionerede komponenter, der passer til det anvendte førings-20 rør, opnås, at apparatet meget hurtigt kan omstilles fra en produktion til en anden.By as stated in claim 17, allowing the external components to be mounted on the primary guide tube, a particularly advantageous embodiment is obtained, since for different products 15 different types of guide tubes which are specifically adapted to the products concerned will be necessary. This, in turn, will cause the guide tube to change its properties and to recalibrate the system. By installing fully dimensioned components that fit the guide pipe used, it is achieved that the apparatus can be switched very quickly from one production to another.
Tegningen 25Drawing 25
Et eksempel på den kendte teknik, samt to udførelseseksempler på opfindelsen vil blive nærmere beskrevet i det efterfølgende afsnit under henvisning til tegningen, hvor: 30 Fig. 1 viser et kendt opvarmningsapparat, og fig. 2 viser en udførelsesform for et apparat ifølge opfindelsen.An example of the prior art, as well as two embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail in the following section with reference to the drawing, in which: 1 shows a known heating apparatus, and FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention.
35 DK 174056 B1 935 DK 174056 B1 9
Beskrivelse af udførelseseksemplerne På fig. 1 ses et kendt opvarmningsrør, hvor spændingsgeneratoren 1 via ledninger 7, 8 er forbundet til elektroder 2, 5 3. Elektroderne 2, 3 er placeret som ringelektroder uden på et elektrisk ikke-ledende rør 4. To stelelektroder 5, 6 er forbundet til jord eller stel via stelforbindelser 11, 12.Description of the Examples In FIG. 1 shows a known heating pipe, where the voltage generator 1 is connected via wires 7, 8 to electrodes 2, 5 3. The electrodes 2, 3 are placed as ring electrodes outside of an electrically non-conducting pipe 4. Two ground electrodes 5, 6 are connected to ground or frame via frame connections 11, 12.
Det medie, der skal opvarmes ledes gennem røret i pilens retning.The medium to be heated is passed through the tube in the direction of the arrow.
1010
Under drift vil apparatet virke på den måde, at der ved hjælp af generatoren 1 påtrykkes et elektromagnetisk felt over elektroderne 2, 3. Det elektromagnetiske felt vil forløbe på principielt to måder, nemlig i en primærzone A mel-15 lem de to elektroder og i to sekundærzoner B mellem elektroder og stelelektroder. Som det ses, betyder det, at der er tre opvarmningszoner, hvilket, soro før nævnt, medfører nogle ulemper i flere forbindelser. Således løber en del af den strøm, der påtrykkes mediet i røret til stel eller jord 20 over sekundærzonerne.In operation, the apparatus will act in that an electromagnetic field is applied over the electrodes 2, 3 by means of the generator 1. The electromagnetic field will proceed in principle in two ways, namely in a primary zone A between the two electrodes and in two secondary zones B between electrodes and grounding electrodes. As can be seen, this means that there are three heating zones, which, before mentioned, causes some disadvantages in several compounds. Thus, a portion of the current applied to the medium in the tube for ground or ground 20 runs over the secondary zones.
På fig. 2 ses en udførelsesf orm ifølge opfindelsen, hvor feltet og strømmen i den sekundære ledningsvej er praktisk taget elimineret eller i det mindste justeret til et ni-25 veau, der passende for den konkrete opstilling.In FIG. 2 shows an embodiment according to the invention, in which the field and current in the secondary conduit path are virtually eliminated or at least adjusted to a level suitable for the specific arrangement.
Det viste udførelseseksempel er fortrinsvis beregnet til opvarmning og kogning af kødmedier, men der vil intet være til hinder for, at andre levnedsmidler såsom mejeri- og ve-30 getabilske produkter kan varmebehandles ifølge opfindelsen på tilsvarende måde.The exemplary embodiment shown is preferably intended for heating and cooking meat media, but there will be nothing to prevent other foodstuffs such as dairy and vegeable products from being heat treated according to the invention in a similar manner.
Kødmediet tilledes i pilens retning gennem et elektrisk isolerende rør 4. Røret fastholdes af holdeorganer 9, 10.The meat medium is fed in the direction of the arrow through an electrically insulating tube 4. The tube is held by holding means 9, 10.
3535
En generator 1 er via ledninger 7, 8 forbundet med rørfor- DK 174056 B1 10 mede elektroder 20, 22 på ydersiden af røret via tilpas ningskapaciteter 24, 25 og forbindelsespunkter 27, 28 på de rørformede elektroders forkant. Over generatorens klemmer er der forbundet en kompensationsspole 25, der kompenserer 5 for parasitkapacitanser mellem klemmerne og stel. De rør formede elektroder 20, 22 er direkte forbundet til stel via stelforbindelser 11, 12.A generator 1 is connected via conduits 7, 8 to tubular electrodes 20, 22 on the outside of the tube via fitting capacities 24, 25 and connection points 27, 28 on the leading edge of the tubular electrodes. Above the terminals of the generator, a compensation coil 25 is connected which compensates 5 for parasitic capacitances between the terminals and the frame. The tubular electrodes 20, 22 are directly connected to the frame via frame connections 11, 12.
To kapaciteter 21, 23 er hver parallelkoblet over en af 10 elektroderne 20, 22. Hver elektrode virker mellem tilledningsforbindelsen og stel som en ledningsvej, der primært er induktiv. Kapaciteterne 21, 23 er derfor afstemt således, at de to svingningskredse bestående af henholdsvis kapaciteten 21 og den rørformede elektrode 20, samt kapacite-15 ten 23 og den rørformede elektrode 22 begge er i resonans eller i omegnen af resonans. Dermed vil der ikke løbe nogen nævneværdig strøm mellem forbindelsespunktet 28 og stel 12, samt mellem forbindelsespunktet 27 og stel 11.Two capacities 21, 23 are each connected in parallel across one of the 10 electrodes 20, 22. Each electrode acts between the lead connection and the frame as a wiring path which is primarily inductive. The capacities 21, 23 are therefore tuned such that the two oscillation circuits consisting of the capacitance 21 and the tubular electrode 20, as well as the capacitance 23 and the tubular electrode 22, are both in resonance or in the region of resonance. Thus, no appreciable current will flow between connection point 28 and frame 12, as well as between connection point 27 and frame 11.
20 Dette betyder, at feltet inde i røret ikke længere er i flere forskellige zoner, men koncentrerer sig i den primære zone A. Dermed er opvarmningen i den primære zone A mere effektiv, fordi generatoren kan afsætte mere effekt i primærzonen, da der ikke går effekt tabt i de sekundære zoner.20 This means that the field inside the pipe is no longer in several different zones, but concentrates in the primary zone A. Thus, the heating in the primary zone A is more efficient, because the generator can put more power into the primary zone as there is no going power lost in the secondary zones.
25 Yderligere er det forbundet med den fordel, at mediet ikke er "forvarmet" i den sekundære zone, inden det kommer til primærzonen. Dette betyder meget i forbindelse med kogning eller opvarmning af medier, hvis dielektriske egenskaber er temperaturafhængige, idet forvarmningen i den sekundære zo-30 ne ifølge fig. 1 ikke er særligt koncentreret og kun formår at opvarme grænselaget op mod røret. Dette betyder, at mediet, når det når frem til den primære zone, har en opvarmet overflade.25 Further, it is associated with the advantage that the medium is not "preheated" in the secondary zone before it reaches the primary zone. This is very important in connection with cooking or heating media whose dielectric properties are temperature dependent, the preheating of the secondary zone of FIG. 1 is not very concentrated and only manages to heat the boundary layer against the pipe. This means that when it reaches the primary zone, the medium has a heated surface.
35 Dermed vil den strøm, der løber i kødet som funktion af det påtrykte felt, foretrække at løbe på mediets overflade, da DK 174056 B1 11 impedansen på overfladen er mindst. Dette giver således en slags negativ feed-back, som er overvundet i udførelsen vist på fig. 2, idet mediet først bliver udsat for et felt, idet det føres ind i den primære zone.35 Thus, the current flowing in the meat as a function of the applied field would prefer to run on the surface of the medium, since the impedance on the surface is smallest. This thus provides a kind of negative feedback which is overcome in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the medium first being exposed to a field as it enters the primary zone.
55
Ved de rørformede elektroders forkanter 20, 22 forløber to forlængede elektrisk ledende strukturer 29, 30. Disse er direkte elektrisk forbundne med de rørformede elektroder 20, 22.At the leading edges of the tubular electrodes 20, 22, two elongated electrically conductive structures 29, 30. extend directly electrically to the tubular electrodes 20, 22.
1010
Disse foranlediger at ladningstætheden, og dermed feltet ind i den primære rørdel, er homogen, idet ladningerne fordeler sig ensartet hele vejen rundt om føringsrøret 4 på disse elektrisk ledende strukturer 29, 30. Hvis der anven-15 des cylindriske kapaciteter 21, 23, der er symmetrisk placeret rundt om de rørformede elektroder 20, 22, kan de forlængede elektriske ledende strukturer udelades, idet sådanne kapacitanser i sig selv vil foranledige en homogen lad-ningstæthed hele vejen rundt om røret 4.These cause the charge density, and thus the field into the primary pipe portion, to be homogeneous, with the charges distributed uniformly all around the guide tube 4 on these electrically conductive structures 29, 30. If cylindrical capacities 21, 23 which is symmetrically positioned around the tubular electrodes 20, 22, the elongated electrical conductive structures may be omitted, such capacitances per se will cause a homogeneous charge density all around the tube 4.
2020
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199401167A DK174056B1 (en) | 1994-08-17 | 1994-10-07 | Method and apparatus for heating media by high frequency electromagnetic waves |
| AU32201/95A AU3220195A (en) | 1994-08-17 | 1995-08-17 | Method and apparatus for heating products by means of high-frequency electromagnetic waves |
| PCT/DK1995/000334 WO1996004805A1 (en) | 1994-08-17 | 1995-08-17 | Method and apparatus for heating products by means of high-frequency electromagnetic waves |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK95594 | 1994-08-17 | ||
| DK95594 | 1994-08-17 | ||
| DK116794 | 1994-10-07 | ||
| DK199401167A DK174056B1 (en) | 1994-08-17 | 1994-10-07 | Method and apparatus for heating media by high frequency electromagnetic waves |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK116794A DK116794A (en) | 1996-02-18 |
| DK174056B1 true DK174056B1 (en) | 2002-05-13 |
Family
ID=26064966
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199401167A DK174056B1 (en) | 1994-08-17 | 1994-10-07 | Method and apparatus for heating media by high frequency electromagnetic waves |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU3220195A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK174056B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996004805A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11998035B2 (en) | 2017-12-31 | 2024-06-04 | Evertron Holdings Pte Ltd | Moisture control apparatus and moisture control method |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL2032940B1 (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-03-18 | Pink Rf B V | Heating device, system and assembly for heating a fluid |
| NL2032939B1 (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-03-18 | Thermasolutions Llc | Heating device for perfusion fluid, channel and heating assembly |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3320226A1 (en) * | 1983-06-03 | 1984-12-06 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | CAPACITIVE HIGH FREQUENCY CONTINUOUS |
| DE4001318A1 (en) * | 1990-01-18 | 1991-07-25 | Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann | DEVICE FOR PASTEURIZING, STERILIZING AND UNIFORM AND QUICKLY WARMING FOOD PRODUCTS |
| DE4015704A1 (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1991-11-21 | Gea Finnah Gmbh | DEVICE FOR CONDUCTIVE WARMING OF FLOWABLE GOODS |
| DK171886B1 (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1997-08-04 | Ib Obel Pedersen | Method and electrode system for heating media which flows through an insulating pipe |
-
1994
- 1994-10-07 DK DK199401167A patent/DK174056B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-08-17 AU AU32201/95A patent/AU3220195A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-08-17 WO PCT/DK1995/000334 patent/WO1996004805A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11998035B2 (en) | 2017-12-31 | 2024-06-04 | Evertron Holdings Pte Ltd | Moisture control apparatus and moisture control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK116794A (en) | 1996-02-18 |
| AU3220195A (en) | 1996-03-07 |
| WO1996004805A1 (en) | 1996-02-22 |
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