DK173748B1 - bite of a carcass portion Method and apparatus for predicting drip loss - Google Patents
bite of a carcass portion Method and apparatus for predicting drip loss Download PDFInfo
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- DK173748B1 DK173748B1 DK200000844A DKPA200000844A DK173748B1 DK 173748 B1 DK173748 B1 DK 173748B1 DK 200000844 A DK200000844 A DK 200000844A DK PA200000844 A DKPA200000844 A DK PA200000844A DK 173748 B1 DK173748 B1 DK 173748B1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001579 optical reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005102 attenuated total reflection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010238 partial least squares regression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22B—SLAUGHTERING
- A22B5/00—Accessories for use during or after slaughtering
- A22B5/0064—Accessories for use during or after slaughtering for classifying or grading carcasses; for measuring back fat
- A22B5/007—Non-invasive scanning of carcasses, e.g. using image recognition, tomography, X-rays, ultrasound
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/02—Food
- G01N33/12—Meat; Fish
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
DK 173748 B1 iDK 173748 B1 i
Fremgangsmåde og apparat til at forudsige dryptabet af en slagtekropdelMethod and apparatus for predicting the drip loss of a carcass portion
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde og et apparat til at forudsige dryptabet af en slagtekropdel ved måling på en muskel i slagtekropdelen efter slagtning.The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for predicting the drip loss of a carcass portion by measuring a muscle in the carcass portion after slaughter.
DK 163.382 B (Slagteriernes Forskningsinstitut) beskriver en fremgangsmåde til bestemmelse 5 af individuelle kødemners kvalitetsegenskaber, ved hvilken en refleksionsmålesonde føres ind i kødemnet og der optages en række målinger af lysrefleksionen langs sondens aflastningslinie. Det opnåede datasæt af refleksionsværdier underkastes en statistisk analyse, der opgør hvor mange gange hver refleksionsværdi forekommer, og de opnåede hyppigheder indsættes i en multivariabel algoritme, der udtrykker en kvalitetsegenskab. Refleksionen måles 10 i ét bølgelængdebånd i grænseområdet mellem det synlige og det nærinfrarøde område, f.eks. ved 950 nm (bølgetal = 10.500 cm'1).DK 163.382 B (Slaughterhouses Research Institute) describes a method for determining the quality characteristics of individual meat subjects in which a reflection measuring probe is introduced into the meat subject and a number of measurements of the light reflection are taken along the probe's relief line. The obtained data set of reflection values is subjected to a statistical analysis that calculates how many times each reflection value occurs and the frequencies obtained are inserted into a multivariable algorithm expressing a quality property. The reflection is measured in one wavelength band in the boundary region between the visible and near infrared regions, e.g. at 950 nm (wave number = 10,500 cm -1).
En af kvalitetsegenskaberne, der kan bestemmes er saftbindeevnen, der er kødets evne til at holde på saft, f.eks. ved opbevaring. Den kan bestemmes med god nøjagtighed på nedkølet kød (post rigor) ved hjælp af den beskrevene fremgangsmåde. Ved måling på slagtevarmt kød 15 (pre rigor) er ikke fundet nogen sammenhæng til saftbindeevne.One of the quality characteristics that can be determined is the juice binding ability, which is the ability of the meat to retain juice, e.g. by storage. It can be determined with good accuracy on refrigerated meat (post rigor) by the method described. When measured on percussion meat 15 (pre rigor), no correlation to juice binding capacity was found.
Det er imidlertid ønskeligt at kunne bestemme saftbindeevnen tidligt i si agteprocessen, idet slagtekroppen herved kan underkastes behandlinger, som mere optimalt er tilpasset den enkelte slagtekrops eller kødets faktiske kvalitetsegenskaber.However, it is desirable to be able to determine the juice binding ability early in the sifting process, since the carcass can thereby be subjected to treatments which are more optimally adapted to the actual quality characteristics of the individual carcass or meat.
DK 172.774 Bl (Slagteriernes Forskningsinstitut) beskriver en fremgangsmåde til at forudsige 20 et kødemnes dryptab eller bestemme dets saftbindeevne. Ved fremgangsmåden optages der med tidsforskydning to sæt lysrefleksionsmålinger på en slagtevarm muskel i slagtekroppen, f.eks. med en tidsforskydning på 1-20 minutter. Ændringen i refleksionsværdieme indsættes i en algoritme, der udtrykker kødemnets saftbindeevne. Der måles i det nærinfrarøde område fra 900 til 1800 nm (bølgetal = 11.100 til 5.500 cm'1). En ulempe ved metoden er, at den 25 kræver lang tid, set i relation til takten for fremførsel af slagtekroppe på en moderne slagtelinie. Desuden kan der ønskes en højere nøjagtighed end den fundne (1,8 %).DK 172.774 B1 (Slaughterhouses Research Institute) describes a method for predicting the drip loss of a meat item or determining its juice binding capacity. In the method, two sets of light reflection measurements are recorded on a carcass warm muscle in the carcass, with time lag, for example. with a time delay of 1-20 minutes. The change in the reflectance values is inserted into an algorithm that expresses the juiciness of the meat subject. The near-infrared range is measured from 900 to 1800 nm (wave number = 11,100 to 5,500 cm -1). One disadvantage of the method is that it requires a long time, in relation to the rate of carcass conveyance on a modern slaughter line. In addition, a higher accuracy than the one found (1.8%) may be desired.
2 DK 173748 B12 DK 173748 B1
Det er formålet med opfindelsen at tilvejebringe en fremgangsmåde og et apparat til at forudsige dryptabet af en slagtekropdel ved måling på en muskel i slagtekropdelen efter slagtning, ved hvilken ovennævnte ulemper undgås.It is an object of the invention to provide a method and apparatus for predicting the drip loss of a carcass portion by measuring a muscle in the carcass portion after slaughter, avoiding the above disadvantages.
Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er kendetegnet ved, at der måles, medens slagtekropdelen 5 endnu er i slagtevarm tilstand, at musklens lysrefleksionsevne måles i mindst ét bølgeområde med et bølgetal under 1500 cm'1, at de opnåede måledata indsættes som variable i en algoritme, der udtrykker en forudsigelse af dryptabet som funktion af lysrefleksionen i et eller flere bølgeområder med et bølgetal under 1500 cm'1, og at forudsigelsen for dryptabet automatisk udregnes i en beregningsenhed ved hjælp af algoritmen.The method according to the invention is characterized in that, while the carcass portion 5 is still in the heat-warm state, the light reflectivity of the muscle is measured in at least one wave region with a wave number below 1500 cm'1, that the obtained measurement data is inserted as variable in an algorithm expressing a prediction of the drip loss as a function of light reflection in one or more wave regions with a wave number below 1500 cm'1, and that the prediction of the drip loss is automatically calculated in a calculation unit by the algorithm.
10 Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er baseret på den overraskende iagttagelse, at der ved udførelse af en refleksionsmåling på en muskel i en slagtekrop, medens kroppen endnu er i slagtevarm tilstand, i mindst ét bølgeområde med et bølgetal på under 1500 cm'1, kan gennemføres en hurtig måling, som forudsiger dryptabet, hvilket muliggør måling på slagtekroppe i den takt de fremføres på en sædvanlig slagtelinie, og desuden har det vist sig, 15 at målingen er i stand til at forudsige dryptabet med en nøjagtighed, der er væsentlig bedre end opnået ved metoden med tidsforskudte målinger.The method according to the invention is based on the surprising observation that by performing a reflection measurement on a muscle in a carcass, while the body is still in a stroke, in at least one wave region having a wave number of less than 1500 cm -1, a rapid measurement that predicts drip loss, enabling measurement of carcasses as they are carried on a conventional slaughter line, and furthermore, it has been found that the measurement is capable of predicting the drip loss with an accuracy substantially better than achieved by the method of time-shifted measurements.
Det omhandlede bølgeområde med et bølgetal på under 1500 cm'1 (svarende til et bølgelængdebånd med en bølgelængde på over 6.667 nm) ligger fortrinsvis i hvad der svarer til det midtinfrarøde område, dvs. meget langt fra de ovennævnte, hidtil anvendte 20 bølgelængder på 950 og 900-1800 nm.The present waveguide having a wavelength of less than 1500 cm -1 (corresponding to a wavelength band with a wavelength exceeding 6,667 nm) preferably lies in what corresponds to the mid-infrared region, ie. very far from the aforementioned 20 wavelengths of 950 and 900-1800 nm used so far.
En foretrukket udførelsesform af fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er kendetegnet ved, at der måles i et eller flere bølgeområder med et bølgetal i intervallet 900-1500 cm'1. Der er her fundet meget god sammenhæng mellem refleksionsevnen og forudsigelsen af dryptabet.A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that it is measured in one or more wave regions with a wave number in the range 900-1500 cm -1. A very good correlation has been found here between reflection ability and the prediction of the drip loss.
Fortrinsvis måles der i et eller flere bølgeområder med et bølgetal i intervallet 900-1200 cm'1.Preferably, one or more wave ranges are measured with a wave number in the range of 900-1200 cm -1.
25 Fortrinsvis måles der i flere end ét bølgeområde, og algoritmen er fortrinsvis multivariabel. Fortrinsvis måles der i under 100 bølgeområder og/eller anvendes en algoritme med under 3 DK 173748 B1 100 variable. Navnlig måles i under 10 bølgeområder og/eller anvendes en algoritme med under 10 variable.Preferably, more than one wave region is measured and the algorithm is preferably multivariable. Preferably, in less than 100 wave ranges and / or an algorithm with less than 3 variables is used. In particular, it is measured in less than 10 wave ranges and / or an algorithm with less than 10 variables is used.
Det foretrækkes, at der kun anvendes ét måleudstyr pr. slagtelinie. Udstyret kan være et fuldautomatisk anlæg eller et halvautomatisk, operatørbetjent instrument. Udstyret kan være 5 indrettet til at kunne måle hver eneste slagtekrop, der føres forbi udstyret, men kan eventuelt kun udføre stikprøvevis måling, hvis forholdene kræver det. Det kan desuden være indrettet til at måle på nedkølet kød.It is preferred that only one measuring device is used per slaughter line. The equipment may be a fully automatic system or a semi-automatic, operator-operated instrument. The equipment may be arranged to be able to measure every carcass passing by the equipment, but may only perform sampling if the conditions so require. It may also be adapted to measure on refrigerated meat.
Tiden, der kræves for at optage måledata, kan variere efter udstyrets specifikationer og vil typisk kunne ligge fra under et sekund og op til 10 sekunder, således at ét udstyr kan måle i 10 slagteliniens takt. Fortrinsvis anvendes måledata, som er optaget inden for mindre end 1 minut, såsom mindre end 10 sek.The time required to record measurement data may vary according to equipment specifications and may typically range from less than one second to up to 10 seconds, so that one equipment can measure at the stroke rate of 10. Preferably, measurement data recorded within less than 1 minute is used, such as less than 10 seconds.
Ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen måles der medens slagtekropdelen endnu er i slagtevarm tilstand, dvs. medens musklerne gennemgår omdannelsesprocessen fra levende væv i et nyligt slagtet dyr til afkølet, spiseligt kød. Målingen udføres derfor fortrinsvis med 15 musklen i pre rigor tilstand, især inden nedkøling af slagtekropdelen.In the method according to the invention it is measured while the carcass part is still in the slaughter heat state, ie. while the muscles undergo the transformation process from living tissue in a newly slaughtered animal to chilled, edible meat. The measurement is therefore preferably performed with the 15 muscle in the pre-rigor state, especially before cooling the carcass portion.
Målingen udføres fortrinsvis inden to timer efter slagtning (afblødning), f.eks. 0,5 til 2 timer efter slagtning.The measurement is preferably performed within two hours of slaughter (bleeding), e.g. 0.5 to 2 hours after slaughter.
Apparatet ifølge opfindelsen er kendetegnet ved, at det omfatter: - en lysrefleksionsmåler, der er indrettet til at måle en muskels lysrefleksionsevne i 20 mindst ét bølgeområde med et bølgetal under 1500 cm'1, - en beregningsenhed med en program- og/eller hukommelsesdel, der er indrettet til automatisk at indlæse målte lysrefleksionsdata i en algoritme og beregne algoritmeværdien, - en i program- og/eller hukommelsesdelen indeholdt algoritme, der udtrykker en 25 forudsigelse af dryptabet som funktion af lysrefleksionen i et eller flere bølgeområder 4 DK 173748 B1 med et bølgetal under 1500 cm'1, målt på en muskel i en slagtekropdel efter slagtning, medens slagtekropdelen endnu er i slagtevarm tilstand, og - en signalenhed, der efter indsættelse af lysrefleksionsdata i algoritmen og beregning af algoritmeværdien, afgiver et signal i afhængighed af den beregnede forudsigelse.The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises: - a light reflection meter adapted to measure the light reflectivity of a muscle in at least one wave region with a wave number below 1500 cm -1, - a calculation unit with a program and / or memory part, arranged to automatically load measured light reflection data into an algorithm and calculate the algorithm value, - an algorithm contained in the program and / or memory portion which expresses a prediction of the drip loss as a function of the light reflection in one or more wave regions 4 DK 173748 B1 wave numbers below 1500 cm'1, measured on a muscle in a carcass portion after slaughter, while the carcass portion is still in the carcass heat state, and - a signal unit which, after inserting light reflection data into the algorithm and calculating the algorithm value, gives a signal depending on the calculated forecast.
55
Apparatet kan være stationært eller bærbart og kan være indrettet til at måle direkte på en synlig kødoverflade eller på en snitflade i kødet, tilvejebragt ved indstikning af en målesonde med skarp ende. Apparatets målehoved er fortrinsvis i kontakt med musklen under målingen.The apparatus may be stationary or portable and may be arranged to measure directly on a visible meat surface or on a cut surface in the meat provided by insertion of a sharp end measuring probe. The measuring head of the apparatus is preferably in contact with the muscle during the measurement.
Der kan om ønsket måles på flere forskellige muskler.If desired, several different muscles can be measured.
10 Ved slagtekropdel skal der i det foreliggende fortrinsvis forstås en hel slagtekrop, især en krop, der er renset for indvolde, en halvkrop, der er tilvejebragt ved midtflækning af en hel krop, eller et delstykke eller en udskæring, f.eks. en forende, et midterstykke eller en skinke afen svineslagtekrop. Der måles fortrinsvis på en muskel i en hel eller midtflækket slagtekrop.In the present case, carcass portion is preferably understood to mean an entire carcass, particularly a body which is cleansed of viscera, a half-body provided by mid-splintering of a whole body, or a portion or cut, e.g. a front end, a center piece or a ham of a pig carcass. Preferably, a muscle is measured in a whole or mid-speckled carcass.
En slagtekrop er især en svineslagtekrop.A carcass is especially a pig carcass.
15 Ved dryptab skal i det foreliggende også forstås evnen til at holde på saft (saftbindevne).15 In this case, drip loss also means the ability to hold on to the juice (juice binding ability).
Ved et bølgeområde med et bølgetal under 1500 cm'1 skal i det foreliggende fortrinsvis forstås hvad der svarer til et bølgelængdebånd med en bølgelængde på over 6667 nm.In the present case, a wavelength having a wave number below 1500 cm -1 is preferably understood as corresponding to a wavelength band having a wavelength exceeding 6667 nm.
Opfindelsen belyses nærmere i det følgende eksempel.The invention is illustrated in more detail in the following example.
Eksempel 20 Dette eksempel illustrerer, at slagtekroppes dryptab kan forudsiges med god nøjagtighed allerede på slagtegangen ved måling af kødets refleksion ved flere bølgeområder med et bølgetal under 1500 cm'1. Målingen udføres på så kort tid, at der ikke sker omdannelse i kødet i måletidsrummet.Example 20 This example illustrates that the drip loss of the carcass can be predicted with good accuracy already at the slaughter stage by measuring the reflection of the meat at several wave areas with a wave number below 1500 cm'1. The measurement is performed in such a short time that there is no transformation in the meat during the meal time.
5 DK 173748 B1 På et forsøgsslagteri motioneres 1/3 af en gruppe på 46 grise for at tilvejebringe en højere andel i gruppen end normalt af slagtekroppe, der har et højt dryptab efter nedkøling. Derefter bedøves og slagtes alle grise. 35 minutter efter stikning udtages en varm kødprøve (kotelet) fra kammusklen (longissimus dorsi). Temperatur er 37 til 41 °C. Et ATR-IR-spektrum optages 5 med 64 scans i et interval fra 900 til 1500 cm'1 (ATR= Attenuated Total Reflectance). Opløsningen er 4 cm '. Der anvendes et spektrometer af typen Arid-Zone MB155S fra Bomem, Canada med en InAs detektor, single-plate beamsplitter og SiC strålingskilde.5 DK 173748 B1 In an experimental slaughterhouse, 1/3 of a group of 46 pigs is exercised to provide a higher proportion of the group than is normally carcasses that have a high drip loss after refrigeration. Then all pigs are stunned and slaughtered. 35 minutes after stabbing, a hot meat sample (cutlet) is taken from the scallop (longissimus dorsi). Temperature is 37 to 41 ° C. An ATR-IR spectrum is recorded 5 with 64 scans in a range from 900 to 1500 cm -1 (ATR = Attenuated Total Reflectance). The solution is 4 cm '. An Arid-Zone MB155S type spectrometer from Bomem, Canada is used with an InAs detector, single-plate beam splitter and SiC radiation source.
Dryptabet i kød fra de samme 46 grise laboratoriebestemmes ved måling af en kødprøves vægt ved udskæring efter 24 timer og igen efter 72 timer (K.O.Honikel 1987. How to measure the 10 water-holdigs capacity of meat? Recommodation of standardized methods. Evaluation and Control of Meat Quality in Pigs. Redigeret af P.V. Tarrant, G. Eikelenboom & G. Monin. Martinus Nijhoof Publisheres, Holland: s. 129-142). De målte dryptab ligger mellem 0,7 og 8,0 %.The loss in meat from the same 46 pigs is determined by measuring the weight of a meat sample after slicing after 24 hours and again after 72 hours (KOHonikel 1987. How to measure the 10 water-holding capacity of meat? Recom- mendation of standardized methods. Evaluation and Control of Meat Quality in Pigs. Edited by PV Tarrant, G. Eikelenboom & G. Monin. Martinus Nijhoof Publishers, The Netherlands: pp. 129-142). The measured drip losses are between 0.7 and 8.0%.
PLS-regressioner (PLS=Partial Least Squares) mellem IR-måleværdieme og det 15 laboratoriebestemte dryptab bestemmes for de 46 grise, dels direkte på spektrets IR-måleværdier og dels på spektrets første og anden afledte. På basis heraf udvikles en multivariabel algoritme af typenPLS regressions (PLS = Partial Least Squares) between the IR measurement values and the 15 laboratory-determined drip losses are determined for the 46 pigs, partly directly on the spectrum's IR measurement values and partly on the spectrum's first and second derivatives. On this basis, a multivariable algorithm of the type is developed
Wd(yp = ko + k,. a, + k2. a2 +....k„ . a„ hvor 20 Wdryp er det forudsagte dryptab (i %), k„, k„ k2.....kn er konstanter, a,, a2... .a„ er refleksionsmåleværdien eller den første eller anden afledte i et område med et givet bølgetal, og n er et heltal, f.eks. 100.Wd (yp = ko + k, .a, + k2. A2 + .... k „. A„ where 20 Wdryp is the predicted drip loss (in%), k „, k„ k2 ..... kn is constants, a ,, a2 ... .a „is the reflection measurement value or the first or second derivative in an area with a given wave number, and n is an integer, eg 100.
25 Data fra fire outliers indgår ikke i udviklingen.25 Data from four outliers is not included in the development.
På basis af algoritmen og de to datasæt kan korrelationen R og forudsigelsens nøjagtighed RMSEP (% dryptab) beregnes. De fremgår af tabellen nedenfor.On the basis of the algorithm and the two data sets, the correlation R and the prediction accuracy RMSEP (% drip loss) can be calculated. They are shown in the table below.
6 DK 173748 B16 DK 173748 B1
Spektralområde (cm'1) Dataforbehandling R RMSEPSpectral Range (cm -1) Data Processing R RMSEP
900-1100 0,90 0,82 1000-1200 0,91 0,78 5 1000-1200 1. afledt 0,94 0,64 1000-1200 2. afledt 0,92 0,73900-1100 0.90 0.82 1000-1200 0.91 0.78 5 1000-1200 1. derived 0.94 0.64 1000-1200 2. derived 0.92 0.73
Det ses, at dryptabet kan bestemmes med en unøjagtighed på under 1 % ved måling af kødets refleksionensevne i flere bølgeområder i intervallet fra 900 til 1200 cm'1 og indsættelse af måleværdierne i en multivariabel algoritme, der er udviklet med en standardmålemetode som 10 reference. Denne unøjagtighed er tilstrækkelig lille til, at det er realistisk at sortere slagtekroppene i kvalitetsklasser allerede inden kroppene nedkøles på slagteriet, hvorved kroppe med meget lavt dryptab eller højt dryptab kan bruges til fremstilling af hertil egnede produkttyper, medens kroppe med et normalt dryptab f.eks. kan anvendes til produktion af ferske udskæringer.It can be seen that the droplet loss can be determined with an inaccuracy of less than 1% by measuring the reflection power of the meat in multiple wave ranges in the range of 900 to 1200 cm -1 and inserting the measurement values into a multivariable algorithm developed with a standard measurement method as reference. This inaccuracy is small enough that it is realistic to sort the carcasses into quality classes even before the bodies are cooled down at the slaughterhouse, whereby bodies with very low drip loss or high drip loss can be used to produce suitable product types, while bodies with a normal drip loss e.g. . can be used for the production of fresh cuts.
15 Ved udvikling af et produktionsudstyr vil refleksionsmålingen og beregningen kunne udføres i sammen takt som slagtekroppe fremføres på en slagtelinie, dvs. uden behov for at afvente omdannelsesprocesser i kødet som ved metoden ifølge dansk patent nr. 172.774 Bl.15 When developing a production equipment, the reflection measurement and calculation can be performed at the same rate as carcasses are carried on a slaughter line, ie. without the need to await conversion processes in the meat as in the method of Danish Patent No. 172,774 Bl.
Sammenhængen mellem det spektroskopisk målte og det laboratoriebestemte dryptab for 42 prøver er vist i fig. 1.1 beregningen af dryptabet ved spektroskop! er anvendt den 1. afledte 20 af IR-spektrene.The relationship between the spectroscopically measured and the laboratory-determined drip loss for 42 samples is shown in Figs. 1.1 the calculation of the drop loss by spectroscope! is used the 1st derivative 20 of the IR spectra.
IR-spektrene i intervallet 900-1500 cm'1 for kød fra alle 46 svin er vist i fig. 2. Især omkring 1000 cm'1 indeholder spektrene meget information, der har sammenhæng med dryptabet.The IR spectra in the range 900-1500 cm -1 for meat from all 46 pigs are shown in FIG. 2. In particular, about 1000 cm'1, the spectra contain much information related to the loss of drip.
Over 1500 cm'1 er ikke fundet nogen sammenhæng mellem dryptab og refleksion fra slagtevarmt kød.Above 1500 cm'1, no correlation has been found between drip loss and reflection from slaughtered hot meat.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK200000844A DK173748B1 (en) | 2000-05-29 | 2000-05-29 | bite of a carcass portion Method and apparatus for predicting drip loss |
| PCT/DK2001/000368 WO2001092855A1 (en) | 2000-05-29 | 2001-05-28 | Method and apparatus for prediction of the drip loss of a part of a carcass |
| AU62070/01A AU6207001A (en) | 2000-05-29 | 2001-05-28 | Method and apparatus for prediction of the drip loss of a part of a carcass |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK200000844A DK173748B1 (en) | 2000-05-29 | 2000-05-29 | bite of a carcass portion Method and apparatus for predicting drip loss |
| DK200000844 | 2000-05-29 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| DK200000844A DK200000844A (en) | 2001-09-10 |
| DK173748B1 true DK173748B1 (en) | 2001-09-10 |
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| DK200000844A DK173748B1 (en) | 2000-05-29 | 2000-05-29 | bite of a carcass portion Method and apparatus for predicting drip loss |
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| AU (1) | AU6207001A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK173748B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001092855A1 (en) |
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| CN110333203A (en) * | 2019-07-27 | 2019-10-15 | 北京农学院 | A kind of method of quick predict livestock and poultry muscle drip loss |
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| DK163453C (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1992-07-20 | Slagteriernes Forskningsinst | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUAL MEATS |
| DK163382C (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1992-08-03 | Slagteriernes Forskningsinst | PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUAL GROUPS |
| DK172774B1 (en) * | 1997-10-15 | 1999-07-12 | Slagteriernes Forskningsinst | Method and apparatus for determining a quality property of a meat item |
| FI991417A0 (en) * | 1999-06-22 | 1999-06-22 | Heikki Kallio | Method for analyzing a nutritional product |
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2000
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2001
- 2001-05-28 AU AU62070/01A patent/AU6207001A/en not_active Abandoned
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| DK200000844A (en) | 2001-09-10 |
| AU6207001A (en) | 2001-12-11 |
| WO2001092855A1 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
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