DK173273B1 - Magnesium treatment method and apparatus for exercising it - Google Patents
Magnesium treatment method and apparatus for exercising it Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK173273B1 DK173273B1 DK199002768A DK276890A DK173273B1 DK 173273 B1 DK173273 B1 DK 173273B1 DK 199002768 A DK199002768 A DK 199002768A DK 276890 A DK276890 A DK 276890A DK 173273 B1 DK173273 B1 DK 173273B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- melt
- treatment
- process according
- reaction
- Prior art date
Links
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
- C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
i DK 173273 B1in DK 173273 B1
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en magnesiumbehandlings fremgangsmåde til frembringelse af en behandlet smelte med mindre end 100 g/t umetalliske indeslutninger samt et apparat til udøvelse af denne fremgangsmåde.The present invention relates to a magnesium treatment method for producing a treated melt having less than 100 g / t of nonmetallic inclusions and an apparatus for practicing this method.
5 Ved behandlingen af en jernsmelte med magnesium med det formål at påvirke grafitmorfologien således, at der dannes kuglegrafit, fremkommer større mængder af umetalliske forbindelser, f.eks. oxider, sulphider og lignende. Denne effekt forårsages af den store affinitet hos magnesium til 10 oxygen og svovl.In the treatment of an iron melt with magnesium for the purpose of affecting the graphite morphology to form spherical graphite, greater amounts of unmetallic compounds, e.g. oxides, sulphides and the like. This effect is caused by the high affinity of magnesium to 10 oxygen and sulfur.
Den største del af de umetalliske reaktionsprodukter bliver allerede under behandlingen af jernsmelten eller i tidsrummet mellem behandlingens afslutning og udstøbningen udskilt som følge af massefyldeforskellen mellem slaggepar-15 tiklerne (ca. 3000 kg/m3) og smelten (ca. 7000 kg/m3). Det er imidlertid kendt, at en del af reaktionsprodukterne -partikler, som er mindre end 12,5 /im - også efter den sædvanlige til rådighed stående tid forekommer svævende i smelten.Most of the nonmetallic reaction products are already separated during the treatment of the iron melt or in the period between the end of the treatment and the casting due to the density difference between the slag particles (about 3000 kg / m3) and the melt (about 7000 kg / m3). However, it is known that some of the reaction products - particles smaller than 12.5 microns - also float in the melt after the usual time available.
Flotationshastigheden kan med forholdsvis god nøj ag-20 tighed bestemmes ved hjælp af Stoke's ligning: d2 x (6Fe - åslagge) x g x t x 10"9 L =* -—. ............... ~ " ----- 18 x μ 25 hvor: L « flotationshøjde i mm d * partikelstørrelse i μτη 5Fe « massefylde af jern i kg/m3 (7000) åslagge = massefylde af slagge i kg/m3 (3000) 30 t = flotationstid i sekunder μ = dynamisk viskositet (0,007)The rate of flotation can be determined with relatively good accuracy by using Stoke's equation: d2 x (6Fe - yoke) xgxtx 10 "9 L = * -—. ............... ~ "----- 18 x μ 25 where: L« flotation height in mm d * particle size in μτη 5Fe «density of iron in kg / m3 (7000) of slag = density of slag in kg / m3 (3000) 30 h = flotation time in seconds μ = dynamic viscosity (0.007)
De praktiske målinger viste, at ved de sædvanlige behandlingsmetoder ligger mængden af svævende partikler 35 mellem 200 og 600 g/t behandlet jern, hvilken så med støbestrålen indstøbes i den form, som skal udstøbes. Undersøgelserne viste ligeledes, at disse indeslutninger, som forbliver DK 173273 B1 2 i støbegodset, væsentlig kan formindske de dynamiske egenskaber af støbegodset.The practical measurements showed that in the usual treatment methods, the amount of floating particles 35 is between 200 and 600 g / h of treated iron, which is then cast with the casting jet in the form to be cast. The studies also showed that these inclusions, which remain DK 173273 B1 2 in the castings, can significantly diminish the dynamic properties of the castings.
For at muliggøre flotationen af reaktionsprodukterne må smelten henstå i længere tid i støbeskeen. Dette har 5 imidlertid betydelige, i regelen prohibitive, temperaturtab (6 til 15eC/min) til følge.In order to allow the flotation of the reaction products, the melt must remain in the mold for a longer period. However, this results in significant, generally prohibitive, temperature loss (6 to 15 ° C / min).
Anvendelse af den fra stålfremstillingen kendte fremgangsmåde med spuling af smelten med indifferent gas (N, Ar osv.) forårsager en stærk oxidering af magnesiummet, der 10 fører til dannelse af yderligere, nye indeslutninger, hvorfor det ønskede formål ikke kan opnås med denne fremgangsmåde.Use of the method known in steel making with flushing the melt with inert gas (N, Ar, etc.) causes a strong oxidation of the magnesium, which leads to the formation of additional new inclusions, and therefore the desired purpose cannot be achieved with this method.
Den foreliggende opfindelse har som formål at foreslå en fremgangsmåde og et apparat, med hvis hjælp behandlingsreaktionen kan styres således, at de umetalliske indeslut-15 ninger i den behandlede smelte reduceres til et minimum.The object of the present invention is to propose a method and apparatus with which the treatment reaction can be controlled so as to minimize the non-metallic inclusions in the treated melt.
Dette formål opnås ved at udøve den indledningsvis nævnte fremgangsmåde som angivet i den kendetegnende del af krav 1 og ved at indrette det indledningsvis nævnte apparat som angivet i den kendetegnende del af krav 9.This object is achieved by practicing the method mentioned in the preamble as set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1 and by arranging the device mentioned in the preamble as stated in the characterizing part of claim 9.
20 Yderligere foretrukne foranstaltninger i forbindelse med fremgangsmåden fremgår af de uselvstændige krav 2 til 8, mens yderligere foretrukne træk hos apparatet ifølge opfindelsen er angivet i de uselvstændige krav 10 til 12.Further preferred measures in connection with the method are set forth in the dependent claims 2 to 8, while further preferred features of the apparatus according to the invention are set forth in the dependent claims 10 to 12.
På grund af den kontrollerede spuling af smirelten i 25 en reducerende atmosfære over overfladen af jernsmelten allerede under magnesiumbehandlingen koagulerer de ved behandlingen frembragte reaktionsprodukter og transporteres ved hjælp af de opstigende magnesiumdampbobler som slagge til overfladen af smelten, og koagulationen af reaktionspro-30 dukterne bevirkes på grund af den frembragte dampmængde og ved hjælp af blandingsenergien. Erfaringerne viser, at intensiteten af koagulationen forstærkes væsentligt ved sammenstød af de umetalliske partikler på tidspunktet for deres dannelse, dvs. på stedet for reaktionen. Blandingsenergien kan 35 bestemmes ved hjælp af følgende ligning: DK 173273 B1 3Due to the controlled flushing of the smelt melt in a reducing atmosphere over the surface of the iron melt already during the magnesium treatment, the reaction products produced in the treatment coagulate and are transported by the ascending magnesium vapor bubbles as slag to the surface of the melt and the coagulation of the reaction products is effected. due to the amount of steam generated and by the mixing energy. Experience shows that the intensity of the coagulation is greatly enhanced by the collision of the unmetallic particles at the time of their formation, ie. at the site of the reaction. The mixing energy can be determined by the following equation: DK 173273 B1 3
6,2 x 10-3 x Q x T(1-273/T) x ln p/pO6.2 x 10-3 x Q x T (1-273 / T) x ln p / pO
E - --E - -
VV
hvor:where:
5 E = blandingsenergi i W/tn3 Q gasmængde i NI/min T = temperatur i °K5 E = mixing energy in W / tn3 Q gas quantity in NI / min T = temperature in ° K
pO *« tryk på overfladen af smelten i bar p * pO + ferrostatisk tryk i bar 10 V * volumen af smelten i m3pO * «pressure on the surface of the melt in bar p * pO + ferrostatic pressure in bar 10 V * volume of the melt in m3
De praktiske forsøg viste, at mængden af umetalliske indeslutninger i smelten kan reduceres til værdier under 100 g/t, når blandingsenergien er større end 1000 W/m3, 15 magnesiumdampene fremkommer i en dybde på mindst 200 mm under overfladen af smelten, og atmosfæren ovenover smelten er overmættet med magnesiumdamp.The practical tests showed that the amount of unmetallic inclusions in the melt can be reduced to values below 100 g / h when the mixing energy is greater than 1000 W / m3, the magnesium vapors appear at a depth of at least 200 mm below the surface of the melt, and the atmosphere above the melt is supersaturated with magnesium vapor.
Dette skal beskrives i det følgende ved hjælp af et eksempel.This will be described in the following by way of example.
2020
Eksempel:Example:
Pra en jernsmelte med legeringssammensætningen: C - 3,72%Pra an iron melt with the alloy composition: C - 3.72%
Si =» 2,3% 25 Mn - 0,27% S = 0,08% P » 0,05% blev efter en behandling med renmagnesium i en lukket behandlingsbeholder med en åbning på 30 cm2, hvor fire reak-30 tionsåbninger, som forbinder reaktionsrummet med smelten, har et samlet tværsnit på 1250 mm2, efter en reaktionstid på 60 sekunder udtaget en prøve. Analysen viste 3 ppm oxygen og 50 ppm svovl. Der blev beregnet en mængde på 20 g/t umetalliske indeslutninger. Den kvantitative metallografiske , 35 analyse viste en mængde af umetalliske indeslutninger på 23 g/t.Si = »2.3% 25 Mn - 0.27% S = 0.08% P» 0.05% became after a treatment with pure magnesium in a closed treatment vessel with an opening of 30 cm 2, with four reaction openings, which connects the reaction chamber to the melt, has a total cross section of 1250 mm 2, after a 60 second reaction time, a sample is taken. The analysis showed 3 ppm oxygen and 50 ppm sulfur. An amount of 20 g / t of nonmetallic inclusions was calculated. The quantitative metallographic analysis showed a quantity of unmetallic inclusions of 23 g / h.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH4258/89A CH679987A5 (en) | 1989-11-28 | 1989-11-28 | |
| CH425889 | 1989-11-28 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK276890D0 DK276890D0 (en) | 1990-11-21 |
| DK276890A DK276890A (en) | 1991-05-29 |
| DK173273B1 true DK173273B1 (en) | 2000-06-05 |
Family
ID=4272766
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199002768A DK173273B1 (en) | 1989-11-28 | 1990-11-21 | Magnesium treatment method and apparatus for exercising it |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DK (1) | DK173273B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2028563A6 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2127320C1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE506027C3 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA909520B (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3788624A (en) * | 1972-06-21 | 1974-01-29 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Immersion bell |
| DE3021707A1 (en) * | 1980-06-10 | 1981-12-17 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | DEVICE FOR IMPORTING HIGHLY REACTIVE ADDITIVES INTO A METAL MELT |
| DE3105200A1 (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1983-01-20 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | TILTABLE VESSEL FOR THE TREATMENT OF CAST IRON |
| CH656399A5 (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1986-06-30 | Fischer Ag Georg | DIVE EVAPORATION CHAMBER. |
| CH660376A5 (en) * | 1984-07-26 | 1987-04-15 | Fischer Ag Georg | METHOD FOR PRODUCING CAST IRON WITH BALL GRAPHITE. |
| SU1379313A1 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1988-03-07 | Институт проблем литья АН УССР | Method of treating pig iron with magnesium |
| SU1475929A1 (en) * | 1987-01-08 | 1989-04-30 | Ростовский научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения | Method of producing high-strength iron with spherical graphite |
-
1990
- 1990-11-21 DK DK199002768A patent/DK173273B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-26 SE SE9003756A patent/SE506027C3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-26 ES ES9003003A patent/ES2028563A6/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-27 ZA ZA909520A patent/ZA909520B/en unknown
- 1990-11-27 RU SU4894810A patent/RU2127320C1/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9003756D0 (en) | 1990-11-26 |
| ZA909520B (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| ES2028563A6 (en) | 1992-07-01 |
| SE9003756L (en) | 1991-05-29 |
| DK276890A (en) | 1991-05-29 |
| RU2127320C1 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
| SE506027C2 (en) | 1997-11-03 |
| DK276890D0 (en) | 1990-11-21 |
| SE506027C3 (en) | 1997-12-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AHB | Application shelved due to non-payment | ||
| B1 | Patent granted (law 1993) | ||
| PUP | Patent expired |